-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, DIkh8sRN2Pn5CN5vnM4cNgFtFgUFIgSo+bMXXBarSFZjbPg1VjXrLP2rsMunpBmH MRF9+j2zulu3p1uRhr71YA== 0000748055-01-500022.txt : 20010710 0000748055-01-500022.hdr.sgml : 20010710 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000748055-01-500022 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 8-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 6 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20010629 ITEM INFORMATION: ITEM INFORMATION: FILED AS OF DATE: 20010706 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: WASTEMASTERS INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000748055 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: WHOLESALE-MISC DURABLE GOODS [5090] IRS NUMBER: 521507818 STATE OF INCORPORATION: MD FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 8-K SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-12914 FILM NUMBER: 1676188 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 205 S BICKFORD STREET 2: STE 500 E CITY: EL RENO STATE: OK ZIP: 73036 BUSINESS PHONE: 4052620800 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1117 PERIMETER CENTER WEST STREET 2: STE 500 EAST CITY: ATLANTA STATE: GA ZIP: 30338 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: TOXICOM TECHNOLOGIES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19900208 8-K 1 ees8k.txt SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 8-K CURRENT REPORT Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): June 29, 2001 ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 0-12914 52-1507818 (State or other (Commission File Number) (I.R.S. Employer jurisdiction of Identification No.) incorporation) 205 South Bickford El Reno, Oklahoma 73036 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) (405) 262-0800 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) Item 1. Changes in Control of Registrant. Not Applicable. Item 2. Acquisition or Disposition of Assets. On June 29, 2001, Environmental Energy Services, Inc. (the "Company") sold WasteMasters Holdings, Inc. ("WHI"), a wholly-owned subsidiary, to Doug Holsted for $10. WHI was the successor in interest by merger to WasteMasters, Inc. pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger filed with the State of Delaware on that same date pursuant to Section 251(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (see Item 5 herein). At the time of the sale, WHI had no material assets, and had substantial judgments, accounts payable and pending lawsuits against it, including 15 judgments totaling approximately $2 million, and at least four lawsuits which the Company anticipates will result in substantial judgments against the Company. In addition, WHI had millions of dollars of delinquent accounts payable and accrued liabilities resulting from past business activities which had been unsuccessful. As of March 31, 2001, WHI had current liabilities of $16,734,043, and negative shareholder's equity of $12,151,071 prior to the writedown of the Company's investment in Lisbon Landfill, Inc. As previously announced, the Company decided not to contest a foreclosure action against Lisbon Landfill, Inc. in the second quarter, and therefore had previously planned to write-off its entire investment in that subsidiary in the second quarter. After including the write-off of the Company's interest in Lisbon Landfill, Inc., the Company anticipates that it will record an extraordinary gain in the second quarter in the amount of approximately $14 to $15 million, representing the difference between the liabilities and assets of WHI on the date of its transfer, since the Company will no longer be required to consolidate the accounts of WHI in its consolidated financial statements as of the date of the transfer. The transfer of WHI may cause the Company to lose substantial net operating loss carryforwards resulting from its past unsuccessful business activities. However, the Company found that its balance sheet and extensive litigation prevented it from attracting capital and making acquisitions. Therefore, it was unlikely that the Company would ever be able to start or acquire profitable operations that could utilize the net operating losses unless its liability and litigation problems could be resolved. Based on those considerations, the Company determined that it was in the best interests of its shareholders to clean up its balance sheet to enable the Company to start or acquire profitable operations without regard to the effect such actions might have on its ability to utilize its net operating losses. Following the transfer of WHI, the Company plans to acquire the 49% of Ace Waste Services, Inc. that it does not own. Ace Waste operates a waste hauling operation in the Philadelphia metro area, including Southern New Jersey and Delaware. In addition, the Company plans to continue the development of its coal fine operations through its subsidiary Appalachia Environmental Recovery, Inc. Item 3. Bankruptcy or Receivership. Not Applicable. Item 4. Changes in Registrant's Certifying Accountant. Not Applicable. Item 5. Other Events. On June 29, 2001, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization, WasteMasters, Inc. ("WMI") merged with and into WasteMasters Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("WHI"), which was the survivor in the merger. Under the merger, shares of WMI capital stock are entitled to receive an equivalent number of shares of capital stock Environmental Energy Services, Inc. ("EES" or the "Company"), which shares have the same rights, privileges and preferences as the shares of capital stock of WMI exchanged therefore. Prior to the reorganization, EES was a wholly- owned subsidiary of WMI, and WHI was a wholly-owned subsidiary of EES. The reorganization was effected for the purpose of reorganizing the Company as a holding company, under which EES is now the parent company with the exact same shareholder base that WMI had prior to the reorganization. All of the former assets, liabilities and operations of WMI are now held by WHI by virtue of its position as the successor in interest to WMI in the reorganization. The merger was effected without shareholder approval of either the Company or WMI Delaware pursuant to Section 251(g) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. Prior to the reorganization, WMI was authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of 495,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, all of which was outstanding in the form of WMI's Series A Preferred Stock. Prior to the reorganization, EES was authorized to issue 500,000,000 shares of capital stock, consisting of 495,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. The common stock and Series A Preferred Stock of EES has identical rights, terms and privileges as the common stock and Series A Preferred Stock of WMI. Pursuant to the reorganization: - -- each share of common stock of WMI became entitled to receive one share of common stock of EES; - -- each share of Series A Preferred Stock of WMI became entitled to receive one share of Series A Preferred Stock of the EES; - -- each option, warrant or other instrument convertible or exchangeable into shares of common stock or preferred stock of WMI automatically became convertible into an equivalent number shares of common stock or preferred stock of EES. The effective date of the reorganization was June 29, 2001. All of the outstanding certificates of WMI representing shares of stock of WMI shall be deemed for all purposes to evidence ownership of and to represent the shares of EES, as the case may be, into which the shares of stock of WMI represented by such certificates have been converted as herein provided and shall be so registered on the books and records of EES and its transfer agent. The registered owner of any such outstanding certificate shall, until such certificate shall have been surrendered for transfer or otherwise accounted for to EES or its transfer agent, have and be entitled to exercise any voting and other rights with respect to, and to receive any dividends and other distributions upon, the shares of stock of EES, as the case may be, evidenced by such outstanding certificate. Immediately following the reorganization, EES purchased certain assets from WMI for the assumption of certain indebtedness of WMI and the issuance of a promissory note to WMI in the original principle amount of $67,061. Among the assets transferred were WMI's 51% interest in Ace Waste Services, Inc. The promissory note represents the parties' estimate of the amount by which the fair value of the assets transferred exceeded the liabilities assumed. The liabilities assumed included notes payable in the original principle amount of $1,021,000, plus significant accrued interest and attorney's fees thereon, and accounts payable in the amount of $171,000. The total indebtedness assumed is about $1,342,500. In addition, EES agreed to pay WMI additional amounts to the extent the transaction is ever challenged in a court of law by a creditor or shareholder, and the court holds that the fair value of the assets transferred exceeded the consideration paid therefor. In determining the fair value of the assets transferred, the parties considered the historical cost for the asset, the value placed on the asset by the companies' independent public auditors in their recently completed audit, legal circumstances and disputes concerning certain assets, and the nature of any market for the assets. Prior to the reorganization, the Company's common stock traded on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol "WAST." The Company has applied for a new cusip number for its common stock, and a new trading symbol, but has not received either at this time. Item 6. Resignations of Registrant's Directors. Not Applicable. Item 7. Financial Statements, Pro Forma Financial Information and Exhibits. (a) Financial Statements of Businesses Acquired: None. (b) Pro Forma Financial Information: None. (c) Exhibits: Regulation S-B No. Description 2.1 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization filed with the State of Delaware June 29, 2001 3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of Environmental Energy Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation, filed June 29, 2001 3.3 Bylaws of Environmental Energy Services, Inc. 10.1 Transfer and Assignment between Environmental Energy Services, Inc. and WasteMasters Holdings, Inc. dated June 29, 2001 10.2 Transfer and Assignment among Environmental Energy Services, Inc., WasteMasters Holdings, Inc. and Doug Holsted dated June 29, 2001 Item 8. Change in Fiscal Year. Not Applicable. Item 9. Sales of Equity Securities Pursuant to Regulation S Not Applicable. SIGNATURE Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC. Date: July 6, 2001 By: /s/ A. Leon Blaser A. Leon Blaser, Chief Executive Officer EX-2 2 ex21.txt Exhibit 2.1 AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER dated as of June 21, 2001 (the "Merger Agreement"), between WasteMasters, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("WMI"), Environmental Energy Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("EEI"), and WasteMasters Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("WHI "). WHEREAS, on the date hereof, WMI has authority to issue (a) 295,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "WMI Common Stock"), of which 160,641,631 shares are issued and outstanding, and (b) 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "WMI Preferred Stock," and with the WMI Common Stock, the "WMI Capital Stock"), of which all 5,000,000 shares are issued and outstanding; WHEREAS, on the date hereof, EEI has authority to issue (a) 495,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "EEI Common Stock"), of which 1,000 shares are issued and outstanding, and (b) 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "EEI Preferred Stock," and with the EEI Common Stock, the "EEI Capital Stock"), of which no shares are issued and outstanding; WHEREAS, on the date hereof, WHI has authority to issue (a) 295,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "WHI Common Stock"), of which 1,000,000 shares are issued and outstanding, and (b) 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "WHI Preferred Stock," and with the WHI Common Stock, the "WHI Capital Stock"), of which no shares are issued and outstanding; WHEREAS, the respective Boards of Directors of WMI, EEI and WHI have determined that it is advisable and in the best interests of each of such corporations that they reorganize into a holding company structure pursuant to Section 251(g) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL"), under which EEI would survive as the holding company, by the merger of WMI with and into WHI , and with each holder of WMI Capital Stock receiving one share of EEI Capital Stock in exchange for such share of WMI Capital Stock; WHEREAS, under the respective certificates of incorporation of WMI and EEI, the EEI Capital Stock has the same designations, rights and powers and preferences, and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof, as the WMI Capital Stock which will be exchanged therefor pursuant to the holding company reorganization; WHEREAS, the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of EEI, as the holding company, immediately following the merger will contain provisions identical to the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of WMI immediately prior to the merger, other than differences permitted by Section 251(g)(4) of the DGCL; WHEREAS, the certificate of incorporation of WHI is identical to the certificate of incorporation of WMI immediately prior to the merger, other than differences permitted by Section 251(g)(7) of the DGCL, and is being amended in the manner required by Section 251(g)(7) pursuant to this Merger Agreement; WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors of WMI, EEI and WHI have approved this Merger Agreement, shareholder approval not being required pursuant to Section 251(g) of the DGCL; WHEREAS, the parties hereto intend that the reorganization contemplated by this Merger Agreement shall constitute a tax-free reorganization pursuant to Section 368(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual agreements and covenants herein contained, WMI, EEI and WHI hereby agree as follows: 1. Merger. WMI shall be merged with and into WHI (the "Merger"), and WHI shall be the surviving corporation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the "Surviving Corporation"). The Merger shall become effective upon the date and time of filing a certified copy of this Merger Agreement with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the DGCL (the "Effective Time"). 2. Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation. At the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation of WHI, as amended and in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be amended as set forth below and as so amended shall thereafter continue in full force and effect as the Certificate of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation until further amended as provided therein and under the DGCL. (a) Article FOURTH shall be amended to read in its entirety as follows: "FOURTH. The aggregate number of shares which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue is One Thousand (1,000) shares of Common Stock, par value $.10 per share." (b) Article TWELFTH shall be added and will read as follows: "TWELFTH. Any act or transaction by or involving the Corporation that requires for its adoption under the Delaware General Corporation Law or under this Certificate of Incorporation the approval of the Corporation's stockholders shall, pursuant to Section 251(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, require, in addition, the approval of the stockholders of the Corporation's holding company, Environmental Energy Services, Inc., or any successor by merger, by the same vote as is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law and/or by the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation." 3. Succession. At the Effective Time, the separate corporate existence of WMI shall cease, and WHI shall succeed to all of the assets and property (whether real, personal or mixed), rights, privileges, franchises, immunities and powers of WMI, and WHI shall assume and be subject to all of the duties, liabilities, obligations and restrictions of every kind and description of WMI, including, without limitation, all outstanding indebtedness of WMI, all in the manner and as more fully set forth in Section 259 of the DGCL. 4. Directors. The directors of WMI immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors of the Surviving Corporation and EEI at and after the Effective Time to serve until the expiration of their respective terms and until their successors are duly elected and qualified. 5. Officers. The officers of WMI immediately preceding the Effective Time shall be the officers of the Surviving Corporation and EEI at and after the Effective Time until their successors are duly elected and qualified. 6. Conversion of Securities. At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of the holder thereof: (a) each share of WMI Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be changed and converted into and shall be one fully paid and nonassessable share of EEI Common Stock; (b) each share of WMI Preferred Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be changed and converted into and shall be one fully paid and nonassessable share of EEI Preferred Stock; (c) each share of WMI Capital Stock held in the treasury of WMI immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled and retired; (d) each option, warrant, purchase right, unit or other security of WMI convertible into shares of WMI Capital Stock shall become convertible into the same number of shares of EEI Capital Stock as such security would have received if the security had been converted into shares of WMI Capital Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time, and EEI shall reserve for purposes of the exercise of such options, warrants, purchase rights, units or other securities an equal number of shares of EEI Capital Stock as WMI had reserved; and (e) each share of EEI Capital Stock issued and outstanding in the name of WMI immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled and retired and resume the status of authorized and unissued shares of EEI Capital Stock. 7. Other Agreements. At the Effective Time, EEI shall assume any obligation of WMI to deliver or make available shares of WMI Common Stock under any agreement or employee benefit plan not referred to in Paragraph 6 herein to which WMI is a party. Any reference to WMI Common Stock under any such agreement or employee benefit plan shall be deemed to be a reference to EEI Common Stock and one share of EEI Common Stock shall be issuable in lieu of each share of WMI Common Stock required to be issued by any such agreement or employee benefit plan, subject to subsequent adjustment as provided in any such agreement or employee benefit plan. 8. Further Assurances. From time to time, as and when required by the Surviving Corporation or by its successors or assigns, there shall be executed and delivered on behalf of WMI such deeds and other instruments, and there shall be taken or caused to be taken by it all such further and other action, as shall be appropriate, advisable or necessary in order to vest, perfect or conform, of record or otherwise, in the Surviving Corporation, the title to and possession of all property, interests, assets, rights, privileges, immunities, powers, franchises and authority of WMI, and otherwise to carry out the purposes of this Merger Agreement, and the officers and directors of the Surviving Corporation are fully authorized, in the name and on behalf of WMI or otherwise, to take any and all such action and to execute and deliver any and all such deeds and other instruments. 9. Certificates. At and after the Effective Time, all of the outstanding certificates which immediately prior thereto represented shares of WMI Capital Stock shall be deemed for all purposes to evidence ownership of and to represent the shares of EEI Capital Stock, as the case may be, into which the shares of WMI Capital Stock represented by such certificates have been converted as herein provided and shall be so registered on the books and records of EEI and its transfer agent. The registered owner of any such outstanding certificate shall, until such certificate shall have been surrendered for transfer or otherwise accounted for to EEI or its transfer agent, have and be entitled to exercise any voting and other rights with respect to, and to receive any dividends and other distributions upon, the shares of EEI Capital Stock, as the case may be, evidenced by such outstanding certificate, as above provided. 10. Amendment. The parties hereto, by mutual consent of their respective boards of directors, may amend, modify or supplement this Merger Agreement prior to the Effective Time. 11. Compliance with Section 251(g) of the DGCL. Prior to the Effective Time, the parties hereto will take all steps necessary to comply with Section 251(g) of the DGCL, including without limitation, the following: (a) Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of EEI. At the Effective Time, the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of EEI shall be in the form of the Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws of WMI, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time. (b) Directors and Officers of EEI. At the Effective Time, the directors and officers of WMI immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be the directors and officers of EEI, in the case of directors, until their successors are elected and qualified and, in the case of officers, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors of EEI. (c) Filings. Prior to the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation shall cause a certified copy of this Agreement to be executed and filed with the Delaware Secretary of State. Prior to the Effective Time, to the extent necessary to effectuate any amendments to the certificates of incorporation of the Surviving Corporation and EEI contemplated by this Agreement, each of the Surviving Corporation and EEI shall cause to be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State such certificates or documents required to give effect thereto. 12. Termination. This Merger Agreement may be terminated, and the Merger and the other transactions provided for herein may be abandoned, at any time prior to the Effective Time, whether before or after approval of this Merger Agreement by the board of directors of WMI, EEI and WHI , by action of the board of directors of WMI if it determines for any reason, in its sole judgment and discretion, that the consummation of the Merger would be inadvisable or not in the best interests of WMI and its stockholders. 13. Counterparts. This Merger Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and each such counterpart hereof shall be deemed to be an original instrument, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one agreement. 14. Descriptive Headings. The descriptive headings herein are inserted for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of or to affect the meaning or interpretation of this Merger Agreement. 15. Governing Law. This Merger Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, WMI, EEI and WHI have caused this Merger Agreement to be executed and delivered as of the date first above written. WASTEMASTERS, INC., a Delaware corporation /s/ A. Leon Blaser Name: A. Leon Blaser Title: President WASTEMASTERS HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation /s/ A. Leon Blaser Name: A. Leon Blaser Title: President ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC., a Delaware corporation /s/ A. Leon Blaser Name: A. Leon Blaser Title: President CERTIFICATION STATE OF OKLAHOMA OUNTY OF CANADIAN Before me, a Notary Public in and for said County, personally appeared Greg Holsted, the Secretary of WasteMasters, Inc., on the 21ST day of June, 2001, who certified that the foregoing Agreement and Plan of Merger was adopted by the board of directors of WasteMasters, Inc. pursuant to Section 251(g) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, and that the conditions in the first sentence of Section 251(g) have been satisfied. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed by notary seal on the day and year last aforesaid. /s/ Greg Holsted Greg Holsted Sworn to and subscribed before me the 21 day of June, 2001. /s/ Shannon Ross Commission Expires: 6-19-04 EX-3 3 ex31.txt Exhibit 3.1 CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC. The undersigned, for the purposes of forming a corporation under the laws of the State of Delaware, do make, file and record this Certificate, and do certify that: FIRST: The name of this corporation is ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC. SECOND: Its Registered Office in the State of Delaware is to be located at 9 East Loockerman Street, in the City of Dover, County of Kent, 19901. The Registered Agent in charge thereof is National Registered Agents, Inc. THIRD: The purpose of the corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the General Corporation Law of Delaware. FOURTH: (A) The total number of shares that the Corporation is authorized to issue is 500,000,000 shares, each with a par value of $0.001 per share, of which 495,000,000 shares shall be Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares shall be Preferred Stock. (B) The designations and the powers, preferences and rights and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the Preferred Stock shall be as follows: (1) The Board of Directors is expressly authorized at any time, and from time to time, to provide for the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock in one or more series, with such voting powers, full or limited but not to exceed one vote per share, or without voting powers, and with such designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, as shall be stated and expressed in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue thereof adopted by the Board of Directors, and as are not stated in and expressed in this Certificate of Incorporation, or any amendment thereto, including (but without limiting the generality of the foregoing) the following: (a) the designation of and the number of shares constituting such series, and the par value thereof; (b) the dividend rate of such series, the conditions and dates upon which such dividends shall be payable, the preference or relation which such dividends shall bear to the dividends payable on any other call or classes of any other series of capital stock, and whether such dividends shall be cumulative or non-cumulative; (c) whether the shares of such series shall be subject to redemption by the Corporation, and, if made subject to such redemption, the times, prices and other terms and conditions of such redemption; (d) the terms and the amount of any sinking fund provided for the purchase or redemption of the shares of such series; (e) whether or not the shares of such series shall be convertible into or exchangeable for shares of any other class or classes or of any other series of any class or classes of capital stock of the Corporation, and, if provisions be made for conversion or exchange, the times, prices, rates, adjustments, and other terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (f) the extent, if any, to which the holders of the shares shall be entitled to vote as a class or otherwise with respect to the selection of the directors or otherwise; (g) the restrictions, if any, on the issue or reissue of any additional Preferred Stock; (h) the rights of the holders of such shares of such series upon the dissolution of, or upon the distribution of the assets of, the Corporation. (2) Except as otherwise required by law and except for such voting powers with respect to the election of directors or other matters as may be stated in the resolution of the Board of Directors creating any series of Preferred Stock, the holders of any such series shall have no voting power whatsoever. (C) The Corporation designates five million (5,000,000) shares of its Preferred Stock as Series A Preferred Stock (the "Series A Preferred"), par value $0.001 per share, with the following preferences and relative, participating, optional or other rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions: (1) Dividends. Holders of Series A Preferred shall be entitled to receive the same dividends per Share as and when declared and paid as the Corporation's Common Stock. (2) Rights and Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its shareholders, whether from capital, surplus or earnings, shall be distributed in the following order of priority: (a) First, to the holders of Series A Preferred, prior to and in preference to any distribution to the holders of Common Stock or any other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, and in lieu of any other payment, an amount equal to $1.25 per share of Series A Preferred then outstanding plus any dividends accrued and unpaid through the liquidation date (the "Preferred A Liquidation Preference"). (b) After distribution of the Preferred A Liquidation Preference to holders of Series A Preferred, the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution, if any, to the shareholders of the Corporation shall be distributed to the holders of shares of other classes of capital stock of the Corporation, as their rights may appear. (3) Voting. In addition to the rights specified in Sections 3(b) and 3(c) below and any other rights provided in the Corporation's Bylaws, each Preferred A Share shall entitle the holder thereof to a number of votes on any matters as to which holders of Common Stock are entitled to vote equal to one vote for each share of Preferred A Stock. Holders of Series A Shares shall vote in the same manner and with the same effect as, and as a class with, the holders of Common Stock and any other class or series of capital stock of the Corporation that votes as a class with the Common Stock. (a) Except as hereinafter provided in these Articles or in Section 3(c) below, the Corporation shall not, without the affirmative consent or approval of the holders of Series A Preferred representing at least 67% of the total number of Series A Preferred then outstanding, acting separately as one class, given either by written consent in lieu of a meeting or by vote at a meeting called for such purpose: (i) create or issue any class or series of capital stock (A) ranking, either as to payment of dividends, distribution of assets or redemptions, prior to the Series A Preferred, or (B) which in any manner adversely affects the holders of Series A Preferred; or (ii) alter or change the designations, powers, preferences or rights, or the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of the Series A Preferred. (b) The Corporation may, with the affirmative consent or approval of holders of 67% or more of Series A Preferred outstanding, take any of the actions described in Section 3(a) above. (4) Conversion. The holder of outstanding shares of Series A Preferred shall have the right at any time, or from time to time, at its option to convert all or a portion of such shares into shares of the Corporation's Common Stock on and subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. (a) Subject to the provisions for adjustment hereinafter set forth, each share of Series A Preferred shall initially be convertible into five and one/tenth (5.1) fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock. The ratio of the number of sharings of Common Stock into which one share of Series A Preferred may be converted shall be referred to as the "Exchange Ratio", and the initial Exchange Ratio shall be five and one/tenth (5.1) to one (1). (b) In order to exercise such conversion privilege, the holder of any shares of Series A Preferred to be converted shall present and surrender the certificate representing such shares during usual business hours at the principal office of the Corporation and shall deliver a written notice of the election of the holder to convert the shares of Series A Preferred represented by such certificate or any portion thereof specified in such notice. Such notice shall also state the name or names (with address and federal tax identification number) in which the certificate or certificates for shares of such Common Stock shall be issued upon such conversion. If so required by the Corporation, any certificate for shares of Series A Preferred surrendered for conversion shall be accompanied by instruments of transfer, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, duly executed by the holder of such shares or his duly authorized representative. Each conversion of shares of Series A Preferred shall be deemed to have effected on the date (the "Conversion Date") on which the certificate or certificates representing such shares shall have been surrendered and such notice of any required instruments of transfer received as aforesaid, and the person or persons in whose name or names any certificate or certificates for shares of such Common Stock shall be issuable on such conversion shall be deemed to have become, immediately prior to the close of business on the Conversion Date, the holder or holders of record of the shares of such Common Stock represented thereby. (c) As promptly as practicable after the presentation and surrender for conversion, as herein provided, of any certificate for shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the Corporation shall issue and deliver to the holder thereof, a certificate or certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock issuable upon such conversion. In case any certificate for shares of Series A Preferred shall be surrendered for conversion of a part only of the shares represented thereby, the Corporation shall deliver to the holder thereof, a certificate or certificates for the number of shares of Series A Preferred represented by such surrendered certificate that are not being converted. The issuance of certificates for shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of shares of Series A Preferred shall be made without charge to the converting holder for any tax imposed on the Corporation in respect of the issue thereof. The Corporation shall not, however, be required to pay tax which may be payable with respect to any transfer involved in the issue and delivery of any certificate in a name other than that of the holder of the shares Series A Preferred being converted, and the Corporation shall not be required to issue or deliver any such certificate unless and until the person requesting the issue thereof shall have paid to the Corporation the amount of such tax or has established to the satisfaction of the Corporation that such tax has been paid. (d) Upon any conversion shares of Series A Preferred into shares of Common Stock pursuant hereto, no adjustment with respect to dividends shall be made; only those dividends shall be payable on shares of Series A Preferred so converted as may be declared and be payable to holders of record of shares of Series A Preferred on a date prior to the Conversion Date with respect to the shares so converted; and only those dividends shall be payable on shares of Common Stock issued upon such conversion as may be declared and made payable to holders of record of shares of Common Stock on or after such Conversion Date. (e) In case the Corporation shall (i) pay a dividend or make a distribution to all holders of outstanding shares of its Common Stock as a class of shares of such Common Stock, (ii) subdivide or split the outstanding shares of such Common Stock into a larger number of shares; (iii) combine the outstanding shares of such Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) reclassify the outstanding shares of such Common Stock, the holder of each outstanding share of Series A Preferred shall thereafter be entitled to receive upon the conversion of such share the number of shares of such Common Stock of the Corporation which at the date of such conversion he would have owned and been entitled to receive had such shares of Series A Preferred been converted immediately prior to the happening of the first of such events to occur after the initial issue of Series A Preferred and prior to such conversion. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (e) shall become effective immediately after such record date in the case of dividend or distribution and immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, split, combination or reclassification. (f) All shares of Series A Preferred which shall have been surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares, including the rights, if any, to receive notices and to vote, shall forthwith cease, except only the right of the holders thereof, subject to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this Section 4, to receive shares in exchange therefor. (g) In the event that: (i) the Corporation shall take action to make any distribution (other than cash dividends and dividends or distributions payable in shares of its Common Stock) to the holders of its Common Stock; (ii) the Corporation shall take action to offer for subscription pro rata to the holders of its Common Stock any securities of any kind; (iii) the Corporation shall take action to accomplish any capital reorganization, or reclassification of the capital stock of the Corporation (other than a subdivision, or combination of its Common Stock), or consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party and for which approval of any stockholders of the Corporation is required; or (iv) the Corporation shall take action looking to a voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the Corporation; then the Corporation shall (A) in case of such distribution or subscription rights, at least 15 days prior to the date or expected date on which the books of the Corporation shall close or a record shall be taken for the determination of holders entitled to such distribution or subscription rights, and (B) in the case of any such reorganization, reclassification or consolidation, merger, dissolution, liquidation or winding up, at least 15 days prior to the date of expected date when the same shall take place, cause written notice thereof to be mailed to each holder of shares of Series A Preferred at his address as shown on the books of the Corporation. Such notice in accordance with the foregoing clause (A) shall also specify, in the case of any such distribution or subscription rights, the date or expected date on which holders of Common Stock shall be entitled thereto, and such notice in accordance with the foregoing clause (B) shall also specify the date or expected date on which the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to exchange their Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon such reorganization, reclassification, consolidation, merger, dissolution, liquidation or winding up, as the case may be. (h) Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event that the Corporation shall, at any time file a registration statement or take similar action to effect a public offering of any share of its capital stock, the Corporation shall promptly deliver to the holders of shares of Series A Preferred written notice of such action. All outstanding shares of Series A Preferred shall, at the option of the Corporation, automatically be converted (effective on the business day immediately preceding the day the registration statement become effective) into shares of the Corporation's Common Stock in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Section 4; provided, however, that the Corporation shall pay in cash to each holder of Series A Preferred on the date of such conversion an amount equal to all dividends accumulated and unpaid upon shares being converted through the date preceding the date such conversion becomes effective. (5) Other. Except as expressly provided herein, Series A Preferred shall have the same rights and privileges as shares of the Common Stock. FIFTH: No holder of any of the shares of the corporation shall, as such holder, have any right to purchase or subscribe for any shares of any class which the corporation may issue or sell, whether or not such shares are exchangeable for any shares of the corporation of any other class or classes, and whether such shares are issued out of the number of shares authorized by the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation as originally filed, or by any amendment thereof, or out of shares of the corporation acquired by it after the issue thereof; nor shall any holder of any of the shares of the corporation, as such holder, have any right to purchase or subscribe for any obligations which the corporation may issue or sell that shall be convertible into, or exchangeable for, any shares of the corporation of any class or classes, or to which shall be attached or shall appertain to any warrant or warrants or other instrument or instruments that shall confer upon the holder thereof the right to subscribe for, or purchase from the corporation any shares of any class or classes. SIXTH: The name and mailing address of the incorporator are as follows: NAME MAILING ADDRESS Robert J. Mottern, Esq. 1900 Century Place, N.E. Suite 100 Atlanta, Georgia 30345 SEVENTH: The duration of the corporation shall be perpetual. EIGHTH: In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors of the Corporation is expressly authorized to make, alter or repeal any or all of the Bylaws of the Corporation. NINTH: Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless otherwise provided in the Bylaws of the Corporation. TENTH: The Board of Directors shall consist of not less than three nor more than fifteen directors. The exact number of directors shall be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors. The directors shall be divided into three classes, designated Class A, Class B and Class C. Each class shall consist, as nearly as may be possible, of one- third of the total number of directors constituting the entire Board of Directors. The first directors serving as members of Class A shall hold office until the annual meeting of shareholders to be held in 2000, the first directors serving as members of Class B shall hold office until the annual meeting of shareholders to be held in 1999, and the first directors serving as members of Class C shall hold office until the second meeting of shareholders to be held in 1998. At each annual meeting of shareholders, successors to the class of directors whose term expires at that annual meeting shall be elected for a three-year term. Directors shall serve until the expiration of their terms and until their successors have been elected and qualified, subject to the director's prior death, resignation, disqualification, or removal from office. If the number of directors is changed in accordance with the terms of this Certificate of Incorporation, any increase or decrease shall be apportioned among the classes so as to maintain the number of directors in each class as nearly equal as possible. Any vacancy on the Board of Directors that results from a newly created directorship, and any other vacancy occurring on the Board of Directors shall be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A director of any class elected by the Board of Directors to fill a vacancy shall hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders. A director of any class elected by the shareholders to fill a vacancy shall hold office for a term that shall coincide with the remaining term of that class. In no case will a decrease in the number of directors shorten the term of any incumbent director." ELEVENTH: (A) To the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or as may hereafter be amended, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. (B) The Corporation shall indemnify to the fullest extent permitted by law any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she, his or her testator or in testate is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or any predecessor of the Corporation, or serves or served at any other enterprise as a director or officer at the request of the Corporation or any predecessor to the Corporation. (C) Neither any amendment nor repeal of this Article VII, nor the adoption of any provision of the Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article VII, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article VII in respect of any matter occurring, or any action or proceeding accruing or arising or that, but for this Article VII, would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision. Dated on this 21st day of June 2001. /s/ Robert J. Mottern Robert J. Mottern, Incorporator 7 EX-3 4 ex32.txt Exhibit 3.2 BYLAWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC. ARTICLE I CORPORATE OFFICES 1.1 Registered Office. The registered office of the corporation shall be at 9 East Loockerman Street, City of Dover, County of Kent, State of Delaware. The Registered Agent in charge thereof is National Registered Agents, Inc. 1.2 Other Offices. The board of directors may at any time establish other offices at any place or places where the corporation is qualified to do business. ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS 2.1 Place of Meetings. Meetings of stockholders shall be held at any place, within or outside the State of Delaware, designated by the Board of Directors. In the absence of any such designation, stockholders' meetings shall be held at the registered office of the corporation. 2.2 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held each year on a date and at a time designated by the board of directors. At the meeting, directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be transacted. 2.3 Special Meeting. A special meeting of the stockholders may be called at any time by the board of directors, or by the chairman of the board, or by the chief executive officer or the president or vice president of the corporation. 2.4 Notice of Stockholders' Meetings. All notices of meetings with stockholders shall be in writing and shall be sent or otherwise given in accordance with Section 2.7 of these bylaws not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting. The notice shall specify the place, date, and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. 2.5 Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominees. Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.5 shall be eligible for election as directors. Nominations of persons for election to the board of directors of the corporation may be made at a meeting of stockholders by or at the direction of the board of directors or by any stockholder of the corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors at the meeting who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.5. Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the board of directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder's notice shall be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the corporation (a) in the case of an annual meeting, not less than sixty (60) days nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is changed by more than thirty (30) days from such anniversary date, notice by the stockholders to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the earlier of the day on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or public disclosure was made and (b) in the case of a special meeting at which directors are to be elected, not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the earlier of the day on which notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or public disclosure was made. Such stockholder's notice shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) the class and number of shares of the corporation which are beneficially owned by such person and (iv) any other information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (including, without limitation, such person's written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected, and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice, (i) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation's books, of such stockholder, and (ii) the class and number of shares of the corporation which are beneficially owned by such stockholder and also which are owned of record by such stockholder. At the request of the board of directors, any person nominated by the board of directors for election as a director shall furnish to the secretary of the corporation that information required to be set forth in a stockholder's notice of nomination which pertains to the nominee. No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.5. The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the bylaws, and, if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Bylaw, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Bylaw. 2.6 Advance Notice of Stockholder Business. At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the annual meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) pursuant to the corporation's notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto), (b) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (c) by any stockholder of the corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of the notice provided for in this Section 2.6, who shall be entitled to vote at such meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.6. Business to be brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder shall not be considered properly brought if the stockholder has not given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder's notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the corporation not less than sixty (60) nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the meeting is changed by more than thirty (30) days from such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the earlier of the day on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or such public disclosure was made. A stockholder's notice to the secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting: (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation's books, of the stockholder proposing such business, and the name and address of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (iii) the class and number of shares of the corporation, which are owned by the stockholder of record and by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, (iv) any material interest of the stockholder of record and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made in such business, and (v) any other information that is required by law to be provided by the stockholder in his or her capacity as a proponent of a stockholder proposal. Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.6. The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the bylaws, and, if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Bylaw, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Bylaw. 2.7 Manner of Giving Notice; Affidavit of Notice. Written notice of any meeting of stockholders, if mailed, is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the corporation. An affidavit of the secretary or an assistant secretary or of the transfer agent of the corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the corporation. 2.8 Quorum. The holders of a majority of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the certificate of incorporation. If, however, such quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, then either (a) the chairman of the meeting or (b) the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present or represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. 2.9 Adjourned Meeting; Notice. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, unless these bylaws otherwise require, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. 2.10 Conduct of Business. The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the conduct of business. 2.11 Voting. The stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.14 of these bylaws, subject to the provisions of Sections 217 and 218 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware (relating to voting rights of fiduciaries, pledgors and joint owners of stock and to voting trusts and other voting agreements). Except as provided in the certificate of incorporation, each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such stockholder. 2.12 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the General Corporation Law of Delaware or of the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. 2.13 Stockholder Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting; No Stockholder Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting Following Initial Public Offering. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation, or any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice, and without a vote if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, is signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing. If the action which is consented to is such as would have required the filing of a certificate under any section of the General Corporation Law of Delaware if such action had been voted on by stockholders at a meeting thereof, then the certificate filed under such section shall state, in lieu of any statement required by such section concerning any vote of stockholders, that written notice and written consent have been given as provided in Section 228 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware. 2.14 Record Date for Stockholder Notice; Voting; Giving Consents. In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action. If the board of directors does not so fix a record date: (i) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. (ii) The record date for determining stockholders entitled to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the board of directors is necessary, shall be the day on which the first written consent is expressed. (iii) The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. 2.15 Proxies. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for him by a written proxy, signed by the stockholder and filed with the secretary of the corporation, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three (3) years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A proxy shall be deemed signed if the stockholder's name is placed on the proxy (whether by manual signature, typewriting, telegraphic transmission or otherwise) by the stockholder or the stockholder's attorney-in-fact. The revocability of a proxy that states on its face that it is irrevocable shall be governed by the provisions of Section 212(c) of the General Corporation Law of Delaware. ARTICLE III DIRECTORS 3.1 Powers. Subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law of Delaware and any limitations in the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws relating to action required to be approved by the stockholders or by the outstanding shares, the business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed and all corporate powers shall be exercised by or under the direction of the board of directors. 3.2 Number of Directors. The number of directors of the corporation shall not be less than one nor more than fifteen, the precise number to be fixed by resolution of shareholders or of the Board of Directors from time to time. Until changed by a proper amendment of this Section 3.2, the authorized number of directors shall consist of four (4) persons. No reduction of the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that director's term of office expires. 3.3 Election, Qualification and Term of Office of Directors. Except as provided herein, the directors shall be elected by the vote of shareholders at each annual meeting of shareholders or special meeting in lieu of the annual meeting. Except in case of death, written resignation, retirement, disqualification, or removal, each director shall serve until the next succeeding annual meeting and thereafter until his successor is elected and qualifies or until the number of directors is decreased. Newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors or any vacancies in the board of directors resulting from death, resignation, retirement, disqualification, removal from office or other cause may be filled only by a majority vote of the directors then in office even though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. In the event of any increase or decrease in the authorized number of directors, each director then serving as such shall nevertheless continue as a director until the expiration of his or her current term or his or her prior death, retirement, removal or resignation. In the event of a vacancy in the board of directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law, may exercise the powers of the full board of directors until the vacancy is filled. Notwithstanding the foregoing, each director shall serve until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the board of directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director. Elections of directors need not be by written ballot. There shall be no right with respect to shares of stock of the corporation to cumulate votes in the election of directors. 3.4 Place of Meetings; Meetings by Telephone. The board of directors of the corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or outside the State of Delaware. Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, members of the board of directors, or any committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting. 3.5 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the board. 3.6 Special Meetings; Notice. Special meetings of the board for any purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the chairman of the board, the president, any vice president, the secretary or any two (2) directors. Notice of the time and place of special meetings shall be delivered personally or by telephone to each director or sent by first class mail or telegram, charges prepaid, addressed to each director at that director's address as it is shown on the records of the corporation. If the notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at lest four (4) days before the time of the holding of the meeting. If the notice is delivered personally or by telephone or by telegram, it shall be delivered personally or by telephone or to the telegraph company at least forty-eight (48) hours before the time of the holding of the meeting. Any oral notice given personally or by telephone may be communicated either to the director or to a person at the office of the director who the person giving the notice has reason to believe will promptly communicate it to the director. The notice need not specify the purpose or the place of the meeting, if the meeting is to be held at the principal executive office of the corporation. Notice of any adjourned or recessed meeting of the directors need not be given except at the meeting that is recessed or adjourned. 3.7 Quorum. At all meetings of the board of directors, either (1) a majority of the number of directors or (2) the Executive Chairman and one director shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the board of directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute or by the certificate of incorporation. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the board of directors, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. A meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for that meeting. 3.8 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the General Corporation Law of Delaware or of the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the directors, or members of a committee of directors, need be specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the board of directors, then the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. 3.9 Board Action by Written Consent Without a Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the board or committee. Written consents representing actions taken by the board or committee may be executed by telex, telecopy or other facsimile transmission, and such facsimile shall be valid and binding to the same extent as if it were an original. 3.10 Fees and Compensation of Directors. Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, the board of directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors. No such compensation shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. 3.11 Approval of Loans to Officers. The corporation may lend money to, or guarantee any obligation of, or otherwise assist any officer or other employee of the corporation or of its subsidiary, including any officer or employee who is a director of the corporation or its subsidiary, whenever, in the judgment of the directors, such loan, guaranty or assistance may reasonably be expected to benefit the corporation. The loan, guaranty or other assistance may be with or without interest and may be unsecured, or secured in such manner as the board of directors shall approve, including, without limitation, a pledge of shares of stock of the corporation. Nothing in this section contained shall be deemed to deny, limit or restrict the powers of guaranty or warranty of the corporation at common law or under any statute. 3.12 Removal of Directors. The holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to vote at an election of directors may remove, only with cause, a director or directors of the corporation. No reduction in the authorized number of directors shall have the effect of removing any director prior to the expiration of such director's term of office. 3.13 Chairman of the Board of Directors. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, a chairman of the board of directors who shall not be considered an officer of the corporation. ARTICLE IV COMMITTEES 4.1 Committees of Directors. The board of directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole board, designate one or more committees, with each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the board of directors or in the bylaws of the corporation, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority to (i) amend the certificate of incorporation (except that a committee may, to the extent authorized in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of shares of stock adopted by the board of directors as provided in Section 151(a) of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, fix the designations and any of the preferences or rights of such shares relating to dividends, redemption, dissolution, any distribution of assets of the corporation or the conversion into, or the exchange of such shares for, shares of any other class or classes or any other series of the same or any other class or classes of stock of the corporation), (ii) adopt an agreement of merger or consolidation under Sections 251 or 252 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, (iii) recommend to the stockholders the sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of the corporation's property and assets, (iv) recommend to the stockholders a dissolution of the corporation or a revocation of a dissolution, or (v) amend the bylaws of the corporation; and, unless the board resolution establishing the committee, the bylaws or the certificate of incorporation expressly so provide, no such committee shall have the power or authority to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock, or to adopt a certificate of ownership and merger pursuant to Section 253 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware. 4.2 Committee Minutes. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required. 4.3 Meetings and Action of Committees. Meetings and actions of committees shall be governed by, and held and taken in accordance with, the provisions of Article III of these bylaws, Section 3.4 (place of meetings and meetings by telephone), Section 3.5 (regular meetings), Section 3.6 (special meetings and notice), Section 3.7 (quorum), Section 3.8 (waiver of notice) and Section 3.10 (action without a meeting), with such changes in the context of those bylaws as are necessary to substitute the committee and its members for the board of directors and its members; provided, however, that the time of regular meetings of committees may also be called by resolution of the board of directors and that notice of special meetings of committees shall also be given to all alternate members, who shall have the right to attend all meetings of the committee. The board of directors may adopt rules for the government of any committee not inconsistent with the provisions of these bylaws. ARTICLE V OFFICERS 5.1 Officers. The officers of the corporation shall be a chief executive officer, a president, a secretary, and a chief financial officer. The corporation may also have, at the discretion of the board of directors, one or more vice presidents, one or more assistant secretaries, one or more assistant treasurers, and any such other officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 5.3 of these bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. 5.2 Appointment of Officers. The officers of the corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Sections 5.3 or 5.5 of these bylaws, shall be chosen by the board of directors, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. 5.3 Subordinate Officers. The board of directors may appoint, or empower the chief executive officer or the president to appoint, such other officers and agents as the business of the corporation may require, each of whom shall hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as are provided in these bylaws or as the board of directors may from time to time determine. 5.4 Removal and Resignation of Officers. Subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by an affirmative vote of the majority of the board of directors at any regular or special meeting of the board or, except in the case of an officer chosen by the board of directors, by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the board of directors. Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the corporation. Any resignation shall take effect at the date of the receipt of that notice or at any later time specified in that notice; and, unless otherwise specified in that notice, the acceptance of the resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation is without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party. 5.5 Vacancies in Offices. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation shall be filled by the board of directors. 5.6 Chief Executive Officer. Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the board of directors to the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer of the corporation shall, subject to the control of the board of directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and officers of the corporation. The chief executive officer shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and, in the absence or nonexistence of a chairman of the board, at all meetings of the board of directors. The chief executive officer shall have the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of chief executive officer of a corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or these bylaws. 5.7 President. Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the board of directors to the chairman of the board or the chief executive officer, the president of the corporation shall have general supervision, direction and control of the business and officers of the corporation. The president shall have the general powers and duties of management usually vested in the office of president of a corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or these bylaws. 5.8 Vice Presidents. In the absence or disability of the chief executive officer and president, the vice presidents, if any, in order of their rank as fixed by the board of directors or, if not ranked, a vice president designated by the board of directors, shall perform all the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of, and be subject to all the restrictions upon, the president. The vice presidents shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed for them respectively by the board of directors, these bylaws, the president or the chairman of the board. 5.9 Secretary. The secretary shall keep or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office of the corporation or at such other place as the board of directors may direct, a book of minutes of all meetings and actions of directors, committees of directors, and stockholders. The minutes shall show the time and place of each meeting, the names of those present at directors' meetings or committee meetings, the number of shares present or represented at stockholders' meetings, and the proceedings thereof. The secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office of the corporation or at the office of the corporation's transfer agent or registrar, as determined by resolution of the board of directors, a share register, or a duplicate share register, showing the names of all stockholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates evidencing such shares, and the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for cancellation. The secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors required to be given by law or by these bylaws. The secretary shall keep the seal of the corporation, if one be adopted, in safe custody and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or by these bylaws. 5.10 Chief Financial Officer. The chief financial officer shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and maintained, adequate and correct books and records of accounts of the properties and business transactions of the corporation, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses, capital retained earnings, and shares. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any director. The chief financial officer shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the corporation with such depositories as may be designated by the board of directors. The chief financial officer shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may be ordered by the board of directors, shall render to the president and directors, whenever they request it, an account of all his or her transactions as chief financial officer and of the financial condition of the corporation, and shall have other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or by the bylaws. 5.11 Representation of Shares of Other Corporations. The chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president, any vice president, the chief financial officer, the secretary or any assistant secretary of this corporation, or any other person authorized by the board of directors or the chief executive officer or the president or a vice president, is authorized to vote, represent, and exercise on behalf of this corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any other corporation or corporations standing in the name of this corporation. The authority granted herein may be exercised either by such person directly or by any other person authorized to do so by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by such person having the authority. 5.12 Authority and Duties of Officers. In addition to the foregoing authority and duties, all officers of the corporation shall respectively have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the business of the corporation as may be designated from time to time by the board of directors or the stockholders. ARTICLE VI INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS. OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND OTHER AGENTS 6.1 Indemnification of Directors and Officers. The corporation shall, to the maximum extent and in the manner permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware, indemnify each of its directors and officers against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding, arising by reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of the corporation. For purposes of this Section 6.1, a "director" or "officer" of the corporation includes any person (i) who is or was a director or officer of the corporation, (ii) who is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who was a director or officer of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor corporation. 6.2 Indemnification of Others. The corporation shall have the power, to the extent and in the manner permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware, to indemnify each of its employees and agents (other than directors and officers) against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding, arising by reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of the corporation. For purposes of this Section 6.2, an "employee" or "agent" of the corporation (other than a director or officer) includes any person (i) who is or was an employee or agent of the corporation, (ii) who is or was serving at the request of the corporation as an employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or (iii) who was an employee or agent of a corporation which was a predecessor corporation of the corporation or of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor corporation. 6.3 Payment of Expenses in Advance. Expenses incurred in defending any action or proceeding for which indemnification is required pursuant to Section 6.1 or for which indemnification is permitted pursuant to Section 6.2 following authorization thereof by the board of directors shall be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the indemnified party to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the indemnified party is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized in this Article 6. 6.4 Indemnity Not Exclusive. The indemnification provided by this Article 6 shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights which those seeking indemnification may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in an official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, to the extent that additional rights to indemnification are authorized in the certificate of incorporation. 6.5 Insurance. The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of the General Corporation Law of Delaware. 6.6 Conflicts. No indemnification or advance shall be made under this Article 6, except where such indemnification or advance is mandated by law or the order, judgment or decree of any court of competent jurisdiction, in any circumstance where it appears: (i) That it would be inconsistent with a provision of the certificate of incorporation, these bylaws, a resolution of the stockholders or an agreement in effect at the time of the accrual of the alleged cause of the action asserted in the proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid, which prohibits or otherwise limited indemnification; or (ii) That it would be inconsistent with any condition expressly imposed by a court in approving a settlement. ARTICLE VII RECORDS AND REPORTS 7.1 Maintenance and Inspection of Records. The corporation shall, either at its principal executive office or at such place or places as designated by the board of directors, keep a record of its shareholders listing their names and addresses and the number and class of shares held by each shareholder, a copy of these bylaws as amended to date, accounting books, and other records. Any stockholder of record, in person or by attorney or other agent, shall, upon written demand under oath stating the purpose thereof, have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose the corporation's stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records and to make copies or extracts therefrom. A proper purpose shall mean a purpose reasonably related to such person's interest as a stockholder. In every instance where an attorney or other agent is the person who seeks the right to inspection, the demand under oath shall be accompanied by a power of attorney or such other writing that authorizes the attorney or other agent to so act on behalf of the stockholder. The demand under oath shall be directed to the corporation at its registered office in Delaware or at its principal place of business. 7.2 Inspection by Directors. Any director shall have the right to examine the corporation's stock ledger, a list of its stockholders, and its other books and records for a purpose reasonably related to his position as a director. The Court of Chancery is hereby vested with the exclusive jurisdiction to determine whether a director is entitled to the inspection sought. The Court may summarily order the corporation to permit the director to inspect any and all books and records, the stock ledger, and the stock list and to make copies or extracts therefrom. The Court may, in its discretion, prescribe any limitations or conditions with reference to the inspection, or award such other and further relief as the Court may deem just and proper. 7.3 Annual Statement to Stockholders. The board of directors shall present at each annual meeting, and at any special meeting of the stockholders when called for by the vote of the stockholders, a full and clear statement of the business and condition of the corporation. ARTICLE VII GENERAL MATTERS 8.1 Checks. From time to time, the board of directors shall determine by resolution which person or persons may sign or endorse all checks, drafts, other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness that are issued in the name of or payable to the corporation, and only the persons so authorized shall sign or endorse those instruments. 8.2 Execution of Corporate Contracts and Instruments. The board of directors, except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the board of directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount. 8.3 Stock Certificates; Partly Paid Shares. The shares of a corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the board of directors of the corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Notwithstanding the adoption of such a resolution by the board of directors, every holder of stock represented by certificates and upon request every holder of uncertificated shares shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the corporation by the chairman or vice-chairman of the board of directors, or the chief executive officer or the president or vice president, and by the chief financial officer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant secretary of such corporation representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate has ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. The corporation may issue the whole or any part of its shares as partly paid and subject to call for the remainder of the consideration to be paid therefor. Upon the face or back of each stock certificate issued to represent any such partly paid shares, upon the books and records of the corporation in the case of uncertificated partly paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor and the amount paid thereon shall be stated. Upon the declaration of any dividend on fully paid shares, the corporation shall declare a dividend upon partly paid shares of the same class, but only upon the basis of the percentage of the consideration actually paid thereon. 8.4 Special Designation on Certificates. If the corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, then the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock; provided, however, that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, in lieu of the foregoing requirements there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate that the corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, the designations, the preferences, and the relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. 8.5 Lost Certificates. Except as provided in this Section 8.5, no new certificates for shares shall be issued to replace a previously issued certificate unless the latter is surrendered to the corporation and canceled at the same time. The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to give the corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares. 8.6 Construction; Definitions. Unless the context requires otherwise, the general provisions, rules of construction, and definitions in the Delaware General Corporation Law shall govern the construction of these bylaws. Without limiting the generality of this provision, the singular number includes the plural, the plural number includes the singular, and the term "person" includes both a corporation and a natural person. 8.7 Dividends. The directors of the corporation, subject to any restrictions contained in the certificate of incorporation, may declare and pay dividends upon the shares of its capital stock pursuant to the General Corporation Law of Delaware. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the corporation's capital stock. The directors of the corporation may set apart out of any of the funds of the corporation available for dividends a reserve or reserves for any proper purpose and may abolish any such reserve. Such purposes shall include but not be limited to equalizing dividends, repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, and meeting contingencies. 8.8 Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the board of directors and may be changed by the board of directors. 8.9 Seal. The corporation may have a corporate seal, which shall be adopted and which may be altered by the board of directors, and may use the same by causing it or a facsimile thereof, to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced. 8.10 Transfer of Stock. Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate, and record the transaction in its books. 8.11 Stock Transfer Agreements. The corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of shareholders of any one or more classes of stock of the corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the General Corporation Law of Delaware. 8.12 Registered Stockholders. The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner, shall be entitled to hold liable for calls and assessments the person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of another person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware. ARTICLE IX AMENDMENTS The bylaws of the corporation may be adopted, amended or repealed by the stockholders entitled to vote; provided, however, that the corporation may, in its certificate of incorporation, confer the power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws upon the directors. The fact that such power has been so conferred upon the directors shall not divest the stockholders of the power, nor limit their power to adopt, amend or repeal bylaws. EX-10 5 ex101.txt Exhibit 10.1 TRANSFER AND ASSIGNMENT THIS TRANSFER AND ASSIGNMENT is executed as of June 29, 2001, by and among WasteMasters Holding, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Assignor"), and Environmental Energy Services, Inc. (the "Assignee"). WHEREAS, the Assignor owns the assets (hereinafter, the "Assets") identified on Exhibit A attached hereto, which assets the parties agree have an aggregate fair market value equal to $1,409,561; WHEREAS, the Assignee has agreed to purchase the Assets for consideration equal to their fair market value by the assumption of the liabilities identified on Exhibit B attached hereto in the amount of $1,342,500, and the other consideration specified herein; NOW THEREFORE, for the consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged by each party hereto, Assignor and Assignee hereby agree as follows: 1. Transfer and Assignment. Assignor hereby sells, transfers, assigns, delivers and conveys to the Assignee all right, title and interest of Assignor in and to the Assets for the Purchase Price, including any documents, memos, accounting records, or files relating or pertaining to the Assets. 2. Purchase Price. In consideration for the purchase of the Assets pursuant to Paragraph 1 herein, the Assignee hereby agrees to pay the liabilities identified on Exhibit B, and to pay the Assignor $67,061 pursuant to the Promissory Note attached hereto as Exhibit C. The Assignee hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the Assignor harmless against any claim or liability asserted against the Assignor from the persons listed in Exhibit B attached hereto. 3. Adjustment of Purchase Price. In the event the validity of this transaction is ever challenged by a creditor or shareholder of the Assignor in a court of law, and the court enters a final, nonappealable judgment containing a finding that the total Purchase Price for the Assets was less than the fair market value of the Assets, then the Assignee shall immediately pay the Assignor the amount of such difference between the total Purchase Price of the Assets and the fair market value of the Assets as found by said court. 4. Release of Assignor. In consideration for the transactions effectuated herein, the Assignor hereby releases and discharges the Assignee from any claim or liability which it may have against the Assignee and its subsidiaries, and the Assignor hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the Assignee harmless against any such claim or liability, including attorney's fees incurred in defense of such claim or liability, which the Assignor may have against the Assignee and its subsidiaries. The Assignor agrees that he shall not take any act in any capacity to cause the Assignor to assert any claim or cause of action against the Assignee or assist any party in asserting any claim or cause of action of the Assignor against the Assignee. 5. Survival of Assignment. The provisions of this Assignment shall survive the consummation of the transactions provided for herein. 6. Governing Law. This instrument shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Georgia. 7. Binding Effect. This instrument shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective heirs, executors, personal representatives, successors and assigns. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Assignor and Assignee have executed and sealed this Assignment as of the day and year first above written. ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC.: /s/ A. Leon Blaser By: A. Leon Blaser WasteMasters Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation /s/ A. Leon Blaser By: A. Leon Blaser, President EXHIBIT A Asset Advance - Startec GECL Stock (1.2mm shares) Startec Startec Royalty Investment in Ace Waste Note receivable - Ace Interest in Appalachian Environmental Energy, Inc. Note receivable - Fairview EXHIBIT B Liability Amount Notes payable to Julius W. Basham $300,000 Notes payable to Mallard Landing, LLC $200,000 10% Senior Secured Convertible Debentures $375,000 Loan from Schur Partners $146,000 Accrued Interest, penalties and attorney's fees on loans (est.) $150,000 Account payable - Turner Jones (est.) $40,000 Account payable - Mottern, Fisher & Goldman (est.) $80,000 Advance - RJM, PC $12,500 Account payable - Etskovitz (est.) $15,000 Account payable - Harris, Finley & Bogle (est.) $11,000 Account payable - Stutzman & Bromberg (est.) $10,000 Account payable - Tauber & Balser, P.C. $3,000 Total Liabilities to be Assumed: $1,342,500.00 EXHIBIT C PROMISSORY NOTE FOR VALUE RECEIVED, Environmental Energy Services, Inc. (hereinafter referred to as the "Maker"), jointly and severally, promises to pay to the order of WasteMasters Holdings, Inc. ("Holder"), or assigns, at 205 South Bickford, El Reno, Oklahoma 73036, or at such other place as the Holder may from time to time designate in writing to the Maker, in lawful money of the United States of America, the principal sum of Sixty-Seven Thousand and Sixty-One Dollars and No Cents ($67,061) or so much thereof as may be hereafter disbursed, together with interest thereon from date set forth below at the rate of eight (8%) percent per annum, simple interest, until maturity. The interest due under this Note shall be paid semi-annually, with all principle outstanding under this Note being due and payable on the second anniversary of this Note. Interest shall accrue only on the amount of principal actually outstanding from time to time. The indebtedness evidenced by this Note may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time without penalty or premium. Any payment of principal or interest on this Note which is not made when due, as herein provided, shall bear interest at the same rate specified above unless the Note is accelerated, in which case interest shall accrue as specified in the following paragraph. Upon the failure of the Maker to pay, when due, any one of the installments hereon, the Holder shall have the option and right to declare the amount of the total unpaid principal balance hereafter due and payable if the Maker fails to cure such default within ten (10) days after written notice to Maker of a notice of default and intention to accelerate sent to the Maker by certified or registered mail to the last address of Maker known to the Holder. Upon acceleration of the unpaid principal balance pursuant to this Note, all amounts due under the Note will bear interest at 12% per annum until paid in full. If from any circumstances whatsoever fulfillment of any provision of this Note at the time performance of such provision shall be due shall involve transcending the limit prescribed by any applicable usury statute or any other applicable law, with regard to obligations of like character and amount, then, ipso facto, the obligation to be fulfilled shall be reduced to the limit of such validity, so that in no event shall any exaction be possible under this Note or under any other instrument evidencing or securing the indebtedness evidenced hereby, that is in excess of the current limit of such validity, but such obligation shall be fulfilled to the limit of such validity. Presentment for payment, demand, protest and notice of demand, notice of dishonor and notice of nonpayment and all other notices are hereby waived by Maker. No failure to accelerate the debt evidenced hereby by reason of default hereunder, acceptance of a past due installment, or indulgences granted from time to time shall be construed (1) as a novation of this Note or as a restatement of the indebtedness evidenced hereby or as a waiver of such right of acceleration or of the right of the Holder thereafter to insist upon strict compliance with the terms of this Note, or (2) to prevent the exercise of such right of acceleration or any other right granted hereunder or by applicable law; and Maker hereby expressly waives the benefit of any statute or rule of law or equity now provided, or which may hereafter be provided, which would produce a result contrary to or in conflict with the foregoing. No extension of the time for the payment of this Note or any installment due hereunder, made by agreement with any person now or hereafter liable for the payment of this Note shall operate to release, discharge, modify, change or affect the original liability of the Maker under this Note, either in whole or in part, unless the Holder agrees otherwise in writing. This Note may not be changed orally, but only by an agreement in writing signed by the party against whom enforcement of any waiver, change, modification or discharge is sought. Maker hereby waives and renounces for itself, its heirs, successors and assigns, all rights to the benefits of any statute of limitations, any moratorium, reinstatement, marshaling, forbearance, valuation, stay, extension, redemption, appraisement and exemption now provided, or which may hereafter by provided, by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America and of any state thereof, against the enforcement and collection of the obligations evidenced by this Note. This Note shall be convertible at the office of Maker, and at such other place or places, if any, as the Board of Directors of the Maker may designate, into fully paid and non-assessable shares (calculated as to each conversion to the nearest l/100th of a share) of Common Stock of the Maker. The number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note shall be equal to the amount of principle and interest due under this Note divided by the Conversion Price in effect at the time of conversion determined as hereinafter provided. The price at which shares of Common Stock shall be delivered upon conversion (the "Conversion Price") shall be initially $0.10 per share of Common Stock; provided, however, that such Conversion Price shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in certain instances as hereinafter provided. No payment or adjustment shall be made in respect of dividends previously declared and paid on the Common Stock upon conversion of this Note into shares of Common Stock. If the Maker elects to prepay part or all of this Note, such right of conversion shall cease and terminate, as to the portion designated for prepayment, at the close of business on the prepayment date, unless the Maker defaults in the prepayment. Further, if conversion is designated, only the face amount of the Note herein shall be used to calculate the number of shares issued hereunder. No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued, and instead the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued on conversion of this Note will, to the extent necessary, be rounded up to the nearest whole number of shares. The Holder may only convert this Note in full, and may not less than all of this Note. Before the Holder of this Note shall be entitled to convert the same into Common Stock, the Holder shall surrender this Note to the Maker, duly endorsed to the Maker or in blank, at the office of the Maker or at such other place or places, if any, as the Board of Directors of the Maker has designated, and shall give written notice to the Maker at said office or place that it elects to convert the same and shall state in writing therein the name or names (with addresses) in which it wishes the certificate or certificates for Common Stock to be issued. The Maker will, as soon as practicable thereafter, issue and deliver at said office or place to such Holder, or to its nominee or nominees, certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock to which it shall be entitled as aforesaid. This Note shall be deemed to have been converted as of the close of business on the date of the surrender of the Note for conversion as provided above, and the person or persons entitled to receive the Common Stock issuable upon conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Common Stock as of the close of business on such date. The Conversion Price in effect at any time shall be subject to adjustment as follows: (i) In case the Maker shall (A) declare a dividend on its Common Stock in shares of its capital stock, (B) subdivide its outstanding shares of Common Stock, (C) combine its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (D) issue by reclassification of its Common Stock (including any such reclassification in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Maker is the continuing corporation) any shares of its capital stock, the Conversion Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or of the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be proportionately adjusted so that if this Note is surrendered for conversion after such time, the Holder shall be entitled to receive the kind and amount of shares of Common Stock which it would have owned or have been entitled to receive had this Note been converted immediately prior to such time. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any event listed above shall occur. (ii) In case the Maker shall distribute to all holders of its Common Stock (including any such distribution made in connection with a consolidation or merger in which the Maker is the continuing corporation) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (excluding dividends or other distributions paid out of earned surplus), the Conversion Price shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the price determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date fixed for such determination less the fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors of the Maker, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution of the Maker filed with the Transfer Agent) of the portion of the assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock and the denominator shall be such Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date fixed for such determination, such adjustment to become effective immediately prior to the opening of business of the day following the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution. (iii) For the purpose of any computation under paragraph (ii) above, the "Current Market Price" on any date shall be deemed to be the average of the daily closing prices per share of Common Stock for 20 consecutive business days selected by the Maker commencing 35 business days before such date. The closing price for each day shall be the last sale price or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, in either case on the New York Stock Exchange, or, if the Common Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on such Exchange, on the principal national securities exchange on which the Common Stock is listed or admitted to trading or, if it is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by any member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., selected from time to time by the Maker for that purpose, or, if no member of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. furnishes a bid or ask price for the Common stock, the book value of the Common Stock as determined from an unaudited balance sheet of the Maker prepared according to generally accepted accounting principles as of a date which is 90 days preceding the date of the conversion. (iv) All calculations under this paragraph (6) shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest l/100th of a share, as the case may be. (v) In case of any consolidation or merger of the Maker with or into any other corporation (other than a consolidation or merger in which the Maker is the continuing corporation), or in case of any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Maker, the Holder of this Note shall after such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer have the right to convert this Note into the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property which such holder would have been entitled to receive upon such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer if he had held the Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of this Note immediately prior to such consolidation, merger, sale or transfer. (vi) In the event that at any time, as a result of an adjustment made pursuant to paragraph (i) above, the holder of this Note surrendered for conversion shall become entitled to receive any securities other than shares of Common Stock, thereafter the amount of such other securities so receivable upon conversion of this Note shall be subject to adjustment from time to time in a manner and on terms as nearly equivalent as practicable to the provisions with respect to the Common Stock contained in paragraphs (i) to (v), inclusive, above, and the provisions of this paragraph (6) with respect to the Common Stock shall apply on like terms to any such other securities. (vii) No adjustment in the Conversion Price shall be required unless such adjustment would require a change of at least l% in such price; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this paragraph (vii) are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. Whenever the Conversion Price is adjustable as herein provided, the Maker shall notify the Holder of this Note of the change in the Conversion Price within 30 days of any such change. The Maker will at all times reserve, keep available and be prepared to issue, free from any preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting conversion of this Note, the full number of shares of Common Stock then issuable upon the conversion of all outstanding Notes. The Maker shall from time to time, in accordance with the laws of the State of Georgia, endeavor to amend its Certificate of Incorporation to increase the authorized amount of its Common Stock if at any time the authorized amount of its Common Stock remaining unissued shall be not sufficient to permit the conversion of this Note and all other securities of the Maker which are convertible into Common Stock. The Maker shall, if any shares of Common Stock required to be reserved for issuance upon conversion of this Note pursuant to this paragraph (6) require registration with or approval of any governmental authority under any Federal or state law before such shares may be issued upon such conversion, endeavor to cause such shares to be so registered or approved as expeditiously as possible. The Maker will pay any and all taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of shares of Common Stock on conversion of this Note pursuant hereto. The Maker shall not, however, be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issue or transfer and delivery of shares of Common Stock in a name other than that in which this Note so converted was originally issued, and no such issue or delivery shall be made unless and until the person requesting such issue has paid to the Maker the amount of any such tax or has established to the satisfaction of the Maker that such tax has been paid. At any time that the Current Market Price of the Common Stock exceeds the Conversion Price, the Maker may convert this Note into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Price. The Maker may exercise such right by delivering a notice of conversion to the Holder at the Holder's last known address. After sending such notice, the Holder shall surrender this Note to the Maker, duly endorsed to the Maker or in blank, at the office of the Maker or at such other place or places, if any, as the Board of Directors of the Maker has designated, and shall give written notice to the Maker at said office or place of the name or names (with addresses) in which it wishes the certificate or certificates for Common Stock to be issued. The Maker will, as soon as practicable thereafter, issue and deliver at said office or place to such Holder, or to its nominee or nominees, certificates for the number of full shares of Common Stock to which it shall be entitled as aforesaid. This Note shall be deemed to have been converted as of the close of business on the date of the Maker sends a notice of conversion to the Holder, and the person or persons entitled to receive the Common Stock issuable upon conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Common Stock as of the close of business on such date. In the event that this Note is collected by law or through an attorney at law, or under advice therefrom, the Maker agrees to pay all costs of collection, including reasonable attorneys' fees. This Note shall be governed by the laws of the State of Georgia. Given under the hand and seal of the undersigned, the date and year indicated below. Dated: this 29th of June, 2001. ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY SERVICES, INC., /s/ A. Leon Blaser By: A. Leon Blaser, Chief Executive Officer EX-10 6 exh102.txt Exhibit 10.2 TRANSFER AND ASSIGNMENT THIS TRANSFER AND ASSIGNMENT is executed as of June 29, 2001, by and among Environmental Energy Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the "Assignor"), Douglas Holsted (the "Assignee"), and WasteMasters Holding, Inc. ("WHI"). WHEREAS, the Assignor has agreed to transfer all of its interest in and claims against WHI (the "Corporation") on the terms set forth herein. NOW THEREFORE, for the consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged by each party hereto, Assignor and Assignee hereby agree as follows: 1. Transfer and Assignment. Assignor hereby sells, transfers, assigns, delivers and conveys to the Assignee all right, title and interest of Assignor in and to the common stock of the Corporation for the sum of $10. 2. Consulting Services of Assignee. The Assignee recognizes that the Assignor will have an obligation to prepare audited financial statements for the Corporation through the date of this Assignment in order to comply with securities reporting requirements, and may have other reasons to obtain access to documents or information relating to the Corporation. Therefore, Assignee hereby agrees that he will take reasonable steps to insure that the books and records of the Corporation are preserved, and will provide the Assignor and its auditors with reasonable access to the books, records and personnel of the Corporation on reasonable notice. 3. Indemnification of Assignee. The Assignee expressly does not assume any liabilities of the Assignor or the Corporation, and the Assignor hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the Assignee harmless against any claim or liability asserted against the Assignee by virtue of the Assignee's execution of this Agreement, the performance of his obligations hereunder or his purchase and ownership of the Corporation (other than his obligations under this Agreement). 4. Release of Assignor. In consideration for the transactions effectuated herein, the Corporation hereby releases and discharges the Assignor from any claim or liability which it may have against the Assignor and its subsidiaries, and the Corporation hereby agrees to indemnify and hold the Assignor harmless against any such claim or liability, including attorney's fees incurred in defense of such claim or liability, which the Corporation may have against the Assignor and its subsidiaries. The Assignee agrees that he shall not take any act in any capacity, including as a shareholder, director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, to cause the Corporation to assert any claim or cause of action against the Assignor or assist any party in asserting any claim or cause of action of the Corporation against the Assignor. 5. Assignment by Assignee. The parties acknowledge that the Assignee may assign and convey the stock, claims and other rights acquired herein to a corporate entity designated by the Assignee with notice to the Assignor. The Assignee agrees that any such assignment shall not diminish, impair or effect in any way the Assignee's undertakings and obligations in this Assignment. 6. Survival of Assignment. The provisions of this Assignment shall survive the consummation of the transactions provided for herein. 7. Governing Law. This instrument shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Georgia. 8. Binding Effect. This instrument shall bind and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective heirs, executors, personal representatives, successors and assigns. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Assignor and Assignee have executed and sealed this Assignment as of the day and year first above written. ASSIGNOR: Environmental Energy Services, Inc., a Delaware corporation /s/ A. Leon Blaser By: A. Leon Blaser, Chief Executive Officer ASSIGNEE: /s/ Douglas Holsted By: Douglas Holsted WHI: WasteMasters Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation /s/ A. Leon Blaser By: A. Leon Blaser, President -----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----