Other comprehensive income (loss) consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, which includes net investment hedges and long-term intercompany loan translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses from cash flow hedges, and the unamortized gain on post-retirement plans, net of their related tax effects.

The following table illustrates the changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the nine months ended April 30, 2025:


	Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges		Unamortized gain on post-retirement plans		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance, July 31, 2024	$	(149)	$	462	$	(109,935)	$	(109,622)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification	(716)		—		16,902		16,186
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	156		(454)		—		(298)
Ending balance, April 30, 2025	$	(709)	$	8	$	(93,033)	$	(93,734)

The decrease in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of April 30, 2025 compared to July 31, 2024 was primarily due to the depreciation of the U.S. dollar against certain other currencies during the nine-month period.

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax, for the nine months ended April 30, 2024 were as follows:


	Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges		Unamortized gain on post-retirement plans		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance, July 31, 2023	$	1,641	$	756	$	(95,458)	$	(93,061)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification	702		—		(12,310)		(11,608)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,284)		(454)		—		(1,738)
Ending balance, April 30, 2024	$	1,059	$	302	$	(107,768)	$	(106,407)

The increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of April 30, 2024 compared to July 31, 2023 was primarily due to the appreciation of the U.S. dollar against certain other currencies during the nine-month period.

Of the amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss during the nine months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, unrealized (losses) gains on cash flow hedges were reclassified to “Cost of goods sold” and unamortized gains on post-retirement plans were reclassified into “Investment and other (expense) income” on the condensed consolidated statements of income.

The following table illustrates the income tax benefit (expense) on the components of other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended April 30, 2025 and 2024:


	Three months ended April 30,				Nine months ended April 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive loss:
Cash flow hedges	$	297	$	(51)	$	57	$	(106)