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Organization and Basis of Presentation (Policies)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the accounts of its subsidiaries over which it exercises control and are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).  Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015, which was derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements, and the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, have been prepared in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q.  In compliance with those instructions, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted.  As such, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.
 
In the opinion of management, these statements include all normal recurring adjustments necessary to fairly present the Company’s condensed consolidated results of operations, financial position, and cash flows as of September 30, 2016, and for all periods presented. The condensed consolidated results of operations and condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, are not necessarily indicative of the results or cash flows expected for the full year.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements and future adoption of new accounting pronouncements
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-02, Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis. The update primarily amends the criteria used to evaluate whether certain variable interest entities (“VIEs”) should be consolidated. The update also modifies the criteria used to determine whether partnerships and similar entities are VIEs. The update is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted, including in the interim periods. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations; however, the Company has additional investments that meet the definition of VIE under this update.  As such, the guidance was retrospectively applied and the December 31, 2015 carrying value and maximum exposure to loss in relation to the activities of the VIEs disclosed in Note 5 includes an additional $35,776 to conform to the current period presentation.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05, Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Computing Arrangement. The update requires the Company to determine if the cloud computing arrangement contains a software license and if so, apply the accounting requirements for other intangible assets. The update also supersedes the requirement to apply lease accounting requirements by analogy for lease classification. If the arrangement is not a software license, then the Company applies accounting requirements for a service requirement. The update is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-07, Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent) (“ASU 2015-07”).  The update required assets being valued using net asset value (“NAV”) as a practical expedient to be excluded from the fair value hierarchy table.  The update is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015.  The adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations; however, the Company has investments in separate accounts for which fair value is estimated using NAV as a practical expedient.  As such, for the period ended September 30, 2016, the Company has retroactively applied this guidance as required by the ASU and removed $533,961 from the December 31, 2015, Level 2 investments in separate accounts in the fair value hierarchy table in Note 8 to conform to current period presentation. 

Future adoption of new accounting pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”). The update outlines a comprehensive accounting model for revenue arising from customer contracts and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. While the update does not apply to insurance contracts within the scope of Topic 944, it does apply to other fee income earned by the Company which includes fees from assets under management, assets under administration, shareholder servicing, administration and record-keeping services, and investment advisory services. The core principle of the model requires that an entity should recognize revenue for the transfer of goods or services equal to the amount that it expects to be entitled to receive for those goods or services. The update also requires increased disclosure about the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts. The FASB has also issued several updates to ASU 2014-09 including ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (improving the operability and understandability of the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations), ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing (reducing the cost and complexity of applying the guidance on identifying promised goods or services and to improve the operability and understandability of the licensing implementation guidance), and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients (amending the guidance on collectability, non cash consideration, presentation of sales tax, and transition). In adopting ASU 2014-09, the Company may use either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective approach. The update is effective for public business entities for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted as of accounting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-09, Financial Services-Insurance: Disclosures about Short-Duration Contracts. The update requires that all years in the claims development table that precede the current reporting period and the related disclosure about the history of claims duration should be presented as required supplementary information.  The update also includes a disclosure objective of providing information about claim frequency along with a description of methodologies for determining claim frequency information, unless it is impracticable to do so.  The update is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not believe this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.  The amendments in this update address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments by requiring equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, use of exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, separate presentation of financial assets and liabilities by measurement category and form of financial assets (i.e. securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or notes to the financial statements, eliminating the requirement to disclose the method and significant assumptions used to estimate fair value of a financial instrument measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, requiring entities to present separately in other comprehensive income the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk (i.e. “own credit”) when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, and clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets.  The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.  The ASU also permits early adoption of the own credit provision.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This update requires organizations to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and also disclose key information about leasing arrangements. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods. Earlier application is permitted for all entities as of the beginning of an interim or annual period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-05, Derivative Contract Novations. The amendments clarify that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as a hedging instrument in an existing hedging relationship would not, in and of itself, be considered a termination of the derivative instrument or a change in critical term of the hedging relationship. The update is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company does not believe this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-07, Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures. The amendments simplify the equity method of accounting by eliminating the requirement to retrospectively apply the equity method to an investment that subsequently qualifies for such accounting as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence. The update is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Account. The amendments simplify several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements, and cash flow statements. The update is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company does not believe this ASU will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments: Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The standard amends guidance on the impairment of financial instruments by adding an impairment model that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses and is intended to result in more timely recognition of losses. The standard also simplifies the accounting by decreasing the number of credit impairment models that an entity can use to account for debt instruments. The update is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those beginning after December 15, 2019 and early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). The standard amends the guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments on the statement of cash flows including debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of corporate and bank-owned life insurance policies, distributions from equity method investees, beneficial interests in securitized transactions, and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. The update is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.