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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes


The company had an effective tax rate of 22.8% and 16.2% on losses before income tax for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, and an effective tax rate of 743.7% and 48.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively, compared to an expected benefit at the U.S. statutory rate of 35% on the pre-tax losses for each period. The company's effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was unfavorable as compared to the U.S. federal statutory rate expected benefit, principally due to the negative impact of the company's inability to record tax benefits related to the significant losses in countries which had tax valuation allowances. The effective tax rate was reduced by certain taxes outside the United States, excluding countries with tax valuation allowances, that were at an effective rate lower than the U.S. statutory rate. During 2016, installment payments were made related to a previously disclosed liability for uncertain tax positions, including an accelerated payment of the balance of the installment obligation, in order to reduce interest costs.