Securities Portfolio

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

NOTE 2. Securities Portfolio

The amortized cost and fair value, with gross unrealized gains and losses, of securities available-for-sale were:

	December 31, 2022
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Value
U.S. Treasury securities	$	8,013	$	-	$	(342	)	$	7,671
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies		43,622		10		(1,233	)		42,399
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		70,491		-		(11,107	)		59,384
Mortgage-backed securities		99,874		-		(10,961	)		88,913
Money market investments		1,816		-		-			1,816
Corporate bonds and other securities		27,990		-		(2,655	)		25,335
	$	251,806	$	10	$	(26,298	)	$	225,518

	December 31, 2021
			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized			Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Cost		Gains		(Losses)			Value
U.S. Treasury securities	$	15,052	$	-	$	(148	)	$	14,904
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies		38,651		75		(168	)		38,558
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		64,132		1,948		(277	)		65,803
Mortgage-backed securities		88,511		1,348		(801	)		89,058
Money market investments		2,413		-		-			2,413
Corporate bonds and other securities		23,441		261		(117	)		23,585
	$	232,200	$	3,632	$	(1,511	)	$	234,321

Securities with a fair value of $82.6 million and $59.3 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, FHLB advances and for other purposes required or permitted by law.

At December 31, 2022, the Company held no securities of any single issuer (excluding U.S. Government agencies) with a book value that exceeded 10 percent of stockholders’ equity.

The amortized cost and fair value of securities by contractual maturity are shown below.

	December 31, 2022
	Amortized		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Cost		Value
Due in one year or less	$	890	$	872
Due after one year through five years		19,927		18,976
Due after five through ten years		64,098		56,164
Due after ten years		165,075		147,690
Other securities, restricted		1,816		1,816
	$	251,806	$	225,518

The following table provides information about securities sold in the years ended December 31:

	Years Ended
	December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)	2022			2021
Securities Available-for-sale
Realized losses on sales of securities	$	(1,870	)	$	-
Net realized loss	$	(1,870	)	$	-

OTHER-THAN-TEMPORARILY IMPAIRED SECURITIES

Management assesses whether the Company intends to sell or it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit losses. For debt securities that are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and that the Company does not intend to sell and will not be required to sell prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis, the Company separates the amount of the impairment into the amount that is credit related (credit loss component) and the amount due to all other factors. The credit loss component is recognized in earnings and is the difference between the security’s amortized cost basis and the present value of its expected future cash flows. The remaining difference between the security’s fair value and the present value of expected future cash flows is due to factors that are not credit related and is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income on the consolidated balance sheets.

The present value of expected future cash flows is determined using the best-estimate cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit to the security at the date of purchase or the current yield to accrete an asset-backed or floating rate security. The methodology and assumptions for establishing the best-estimate cash flows vary depending on the type of security. The asset-backed securities cash flow estimates are based on bond specific facts and circumstances that may include collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity and prepayment speeds, and structural support, including subordination and guarantees.

The Company has a process in place to identify debt securities that could potentially have a credit or interest-rate related impairment that is other than temporary. This process involves monitoring late payments, pricing levels, downgrades by rating agencies, key financial ratios, financial statements, revenue forecasts, and cash flow projections as indicators of credit issues. On a quarterly basis, management reviews all securities to determine whether an other-than-temporary decline in value exists and whether losses should be recognized. Management considers relevant facts and circumstances in evaluating whether a credit or interest rate-related impairment of a security is other-than-temporary. Relevant facts and circumstances considered include: (a) the extent and length of time the fair value has been below cost; (b) the reasons for the decline in value; (c) the financial position and access to capital of the issuer, including the current and future impact of any specific events and (d) for fixed maturity securities, the Company’s intent to sell a security or whether it is more-likely-than-not the Company will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost which, in some cases, may extend to maturity and for equity securities, the Company’s ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time that allows for the recovery in value.

Securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31,2022, by duration of the period of unrealized loss, are shown below.

	December 31, 2022
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Gross				Gross				Gross
	Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value
U.S. Treasury securities	$	342	$	7,671	$	-	$	-	$	342	$	7,671
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies		258		13,873		975		22,851		1,233		36,724
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		5,386		33,720		5,721		23,856		11,107		57,576
Mortgage-backed securities		4,157		52,717		6,804		36,196		10,961		88,913
Corporate bonds and other securities		1,084		12,906		1,571		11,429		2,655		24,335
Total securities available-for-sale	$	11,227	$	120,887	$	15,071	$	94,332	$	26,298	$	215,219

There were 162 debt securities totaling $215.2 million of aggregate fair value considered temporarily impaired at December 31, 2022. The primary cause of the temporary impairments in the Company’s investments in debt securities was increases in market interest rates. The Company concluded that no other-than-temporary impairment existed in its securities portfolio at December 31, 2022, and no other- than-temporary impairment loss has been recognized in net income, based primarily on the fact that changes in fair value were caused primarily by increases in interest rates, securities with unrealized losses had generally high credit quality, the Company intends to hold these investments in debt securities to maturity, it is more-likely-than-not that the Company will not be required to sell these investments before a recovery of its investment, and issuers have continued to make timely payments of principal and interest. Additionally, the Company’s mortgage-backed securities are entirely issued by either U.S. government agencies or U.S. government sponsored enterprises. Collectively, these entities provide a guarantee, which is either explicitly or implicitly supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, that investors in such mortgage-backed securities will receive timely principal and interest payments.

Securities in an unrealized loss position at December 31,2021, by duration of the period of unrealized loss, are shown below.

	December 31, 2021
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more				Total
	Gross				Gross				Gross
	Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Losses		Value		Losses		Value		Losses		Value
U.S. Treasury securities	$	148	$	14,904	$	-	$	-	$	148	$	14,904
Obligations of U.S. Government agencies		131		19,181		37		5,042		168		24,223
Obligations of state and political subdivisions		277		20,673		-		-		277		20,673
Mortgage-backed securities		608		35,882		193		6,450		801		42,332
Corporate bonds and other securities		117		9,833		-		-		117		9,833
Total securities available-for-sale	$	1,281	$	100,473	$	230	$	11,492	$	1,511	$	111,965

The Company has determined that these securities are temporarily impaired at December 31, 2022 and 2021 for the reasons set out below:

Mortgage-backed securities. This category’s unrealized losses are primarily the result of interest rate fluctuations. Because the decline in market value is attributable to changes in interest rates and not credit quality, the Company does not intend to sell the investments, and it is not likely that the Company will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider those investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired. Also, the majority of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities are agency-backed securities, which have a government guarantee.

Obligations of state and political subdivisions. This category’s unrealized losses are primarily the result of interest rate fluctuations and also a certain few ratings downgrades brought about by the impact of the credit crisis on states and political subdivisions. The contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the cost basis of each investment. Because the Company does not intend to sell any of the investments and the accounting standard of “more likely than not” has not been met for the Company to be required to sell any of the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Corporate bonds. The Company’s unrealized losses in corporate debt securities are related to both interest rate fluctuations and ratings downgrades for a limited number of securities. The majority of the securities remain investment grade and the Company’s analysis did not indicate the existence of a credit loss. The contractual terms of the investments do not permit the issuer to settle the securities at a price less than the cost basis of each investment. Because the Company does not intend to sell any of the investments and the accounting standard of “more likely than not” has not been met for the Company to be required to sell any of the investments before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Restricted Stock

The restricted stock category is comprised of FHLB, FRB, and CBB stock. These stocks are classified as restricted securities because their ownership is restricted to certain types of entities and the securities lack a market. Therefore, these investments are carried at cost and evaluated for impairment. When evaluating these stocks for impairment, their value is determined based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. Restricted stock is viewed as a long-term investment and management believes that the Company has the ability and the intent to hold this stock until its value is recovered.