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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Level 1 (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2022
FAIR VALUE [Abstract]  
Fair Value FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The inputs used to measure fair value are prioritized into one of three categories based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Categories in the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable market-based inputs for similar assets or liabilities or valuation models whose inputs are observable, directly or indirectly.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs.

Cash equivalents are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices in active markets. These cash instruments are primarily money market funds and are included in cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. There were no cash equivalents as of July 31, 2022 and July 31, 2021.

Accounts receivable and accounts payable balances on the Consolidated Balance Sheets approximate their fair values as of July 31, 2022 and 2021 due to the short maturity and nature of those balances.
Notes payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are carried at the face amount of future maturities. The estimated fair value of notes payable was approximately $31,784,000 as of July 31, 2022 and $10,231,000 as of July 31, 2021. The fair value was estimated using the exit price notion of fair value and is classified as Level 2. The increase in fair value is attributable to the Amended Note Agreement entered into in December 2021. See Note 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information about such debt.

We apply fair value techniques on at least an annual basis associated with: (1) valuing potential impairment loss related to goodwill, trademarks and other indefinite-lived intangible assets and (2) valuing potential impairment loss related to long-lived assets. See Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information about goodwill and other intangible assets, including the goodwill impairment recorded during fiscal year 2022 at our Retail and Wholesale Products Group.

Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and accounts receivable. Our cash is held in banks which are covered by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; however, our cash balances are in excess of the maximum amount that is insured. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are subject to the financial condition of certain major customers, principally the customer referred to in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. We generally do not require collateral to secure customer receivables.