CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Real estate investments:
Land and improvements	$ 2,596,274	$ 2,437,905
Buildings and improvements	27,201,381	26,020,048
Construction in progress	368,143	310,456
Acquired lease intangibles	1,448,146	1,346,190
Operating lease assets	312,142	310,307
Gross real estate investment	31,926,086	30,424,906
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(10,177,136)	(9,264,456)
Net real estate property	21,748,950	21,160,450
Secured loans receivable and investments, net	27,986	537,075
Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities	598,206	579,949
Net real estate investments	22,375,142	22,277,474
Cash and cash equivalents	508,794	122,564
Escrow deposits and restricted cash	54,668	48,181
Goodwill	1,045,176	1,044,415
Assets held for sale	56,489	44,893
Deferred income tax assets, net	1,754	10,490
Other assets	683,410	609,823
Total assets	24,725,433	24,157,840
Liabilities:
Senior notes payable and other debt	13,490,896	12,296,780
Accrued interest	117,403	110,542
Operating lease liabilities	194,734	190,440
Accounts payable and other liabilities	1,041,616	1,031,689
Liabilities related to assets held for sale	9,243	6,492
Deferred income tax liabilities	24,500	35,570
Total liabilities	14,878,392	13,671,513
Redeemable OP unitholder and noncontrolling interests	302,636	264,650
Commitments and contingencies
Ventas stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; 10,000 shares authorized, unissued	0	0
Common stock, $0.25 par value; 600,000 shares authorized, 402,380 and 399,707 shares issued at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively	100,648	99,912
Capital in excess of par value	15,650,734	15,539,777
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(35,757)	(36,800)
Retained earnings (deficit)	(6,213,803)	(5,449,385)
Treasury stock, 279 and 10 shares issued at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively	(13,764)	(536)
Total Ventas stockholders’ equity	9,488,058	10,152,968
Noncontrolling interests	56,347	68,709
Total equity	9,544,405	10,221,677
Total liabilities and equity	$ 24,725,433	$ 24,157,840