Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

INCOME TAXES

Our tax provision is based on (1) our earnings for the period and other factors affecting the tax provision and (2) the operations of foreign branches and subsidiaries that are subject to local income and withholding taxes. Factors that affect our tax rate include our profitability levels in general and the geographical mix of our results. The effective tax rate for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was different than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, primarily due to the geographical mix of revenue and earnings, changes in valuation allowances and uncertain tax positions, and other discrete items. We continue to make an assertion to indefinitely reinvest the unrepatriated earnings of any foreign subsidiary that would incur material tax consequences upon the distribution of such earnings.

We conduct our international operations in jurisdictions that have varying laws and regulations regarding income and other taxes, some of which are subject to different interpretations. We recognize benefit for an uncertain tax position if it is more likely than not to be sustainable upon audit by the applicable taxing authority. If this threshold is met, the uncertain tax position is then measured and recognized at the largest amount that we believe is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

We have accrued a net total of $11 million and $24 million in other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets for worldwide unrecognized tax liabilities as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. We account for any applicable interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of our provision for income taxes in our consolidated financial statements. Changes in our management's judgment related to those liabilities would affect our effective income tax rate in the periods of change.

Our tax returns are subject to audit by taxing authorities in multiple jurisdictions. These audits often take years to complete and settle. We have ongoing tax audits and judicial tax appeals in various jurisdictions. The outcome of these audits and judicial tax appeals may have an impact on uncertain tax positions for income tax returns subsequently filed in those jurisdictions.

On July 4, 2025, President Trump signed into law the legislation commonly referred to as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”). The OBBBA includes various provisions that impact the timing and magnitude of certain tax deductions, such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions. The OBBBA has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027. We have incorporated the provisions that were effective during the third quarter of 2025 and assessed that the impacts did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We continue to assess any future impacts on our consolidated financial statements and will recognize the income tax effects beginning in the period in which they are effective.