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Segment Financial Information (Notes)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Financial Information [Text Block] Segment Financial Information
Factors used to determine the Company’s reportable segments include the nature of operating activities, economic characteristics, existence of separate senior management teams and the type of information used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to evaluate its results of operations. Reportable segments with similar economic characteristics, products and services, customers, distribution methods and operational processes which operate in a similar regulatory environment are combined.
The following is a description of the types of products and services from which each of the Company’s four reportable segments derives its revenues:
•UnitedHealthcare includes the combined results of operations of UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual, UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement and UnitedHealthcare Community & State. The U.S. businesses share significant common assets, including a contracted network of physicians, health care professionals, hospitals and other facilities, information technology and consumer engagement infrastructure and other resources. Domestically, UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual offers an array of consumer-oriented health benefit plans and services for employers and individuals. Globally, UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual provides health and dental benefits and hospital and clinical services to employers and individuals in South America and other diversified global businesses. UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement provides health care coverage and health and well-being services to individuals age 50 and older, addressing their unique needs. UnitedHealthcare Community & State provides diversified health care benefits products and services to state programs caring for the economically disadvantaged, the medically underserved and those without the benefit of employer-funded health care coverage.
•Optum Health focuses on care delivery, including value-based care; care management; wellness and consumer engagement and health financial services. Optum Health is building a comprehensive, connected health care delivery and engagement platform by directly providing high-quality care, helping people manage chronic and complex health needs, and proactively engaging consumers in managing their health through in-person, in-home, virtual and digital clinical platforms.
•Optum Insight brings together advanced analytics, technology and health care expertise to deliver integrated services and solutions. Hospital systems, physicians, health plans, governments, life sciences companies and other organizations depend on Optum Insight to help them improve performance, achieve efficiency, reduce costs, meet compliance mandates and modernize their core operating systems to meet the changing needs of the health system.
•Optum Rx offers pharmacy care services and programs, including retail network contracting, home delivery, specialty and community health pharmacy services, infusion, purchasing and clinical capabilities, and develops programs in areas such as step therapy, formulary management, drug adherence and disease and drug therapy management. Optum Rx integrates pharmacy and medical care and is positioned to serve patients with complex clinical needs and consumers looking for a better digital pharmacy experience with transparent pricing.
The Company’s accounting policies for reportable segment operations are consistent with those described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (see Note 2). Transactions between reportable segments principally consist of sales of pharmacy care products and services to UnitedHealthcare customers by Optum Rx; care delivery, care management services and certain product offerings sold to UnitedHealthcare by Optum Health; and health information and technology solutions, consulting and other services sold to UnitedHealthcare by Optum Insight. These transactions are recorded at management’s estimate of fair value. Transactions with affiliated customers are eliminated in consolidation. Assets and liabilities jointly used are assigned to each reportable segment using estimates of pro-rata usage. Cash and investments are assigned so each reportable segment has working capital and/or at least minimum specified levels of regulatory capital.
As a percentage of the Company’s total consolidated revenues, premium revenues from CMS were 40%, 38% and 36% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, most of which were generated by UnitedHealthcare Medicare & Retirement and included in the UnitedHealthcare segment. U.S. customer revenue represented approximately 97% of consolidated total revenues for 2023, 2022 and 2021. Long-lived fixed assets located in the United States represented approximately 82% and 81% of the total long-lived fixed assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The non-U.S. revenues and fixed assets are primarily related to UnitedHealthcare Employer & Individual’s international businesses.
The following table presents the reportable segment financial information:
  Optum  
(in millions)UnitedHealthcareOptum HealthOptum InsightOptum RxOptum EliminationsOptumCorporate and
Eliminations		Consolidated
2023
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$269,052 $21,775 $— $— $— $21,775 $— $290,827 
Products— 207 162 42,214 — 42,583 — 42,583 
Services10,057 14,109 7,760 2,197 — 24,066 — 34,123 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers279,109 36,091 7,922 44,411 — 88,424 — 367,533 
Total revenues - affiliated customers— 57,696 10,896 71,484 (3,703)136,373 (136,373)— 
Investment and other income2,251 1,532 114 192 — 1,838 — 4,089 
Total revenues$281,360 $95,319 $18,932 $116,087 $(3,703)$226,635 $(136,373)$371,622 
Earnings from operations$16,415 $6,560 $4,268 $5,115 $— $15,943 $— $32,358 
Interest expense— — — — — — (3,246)(3,246)
Earnings before income taxes$16,415 $6,560 $4,268 $5,115 $— $15,943 $(3,246)$29,112 
Total assets$110,943 $89,432 $34,173 $51,266 $— $174,871 $(12,094)$273,720 
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software866 1,199 974 347 — 2,520 — 3,386 
Depreciation and amortization989 1,058 1,229 696 — 2,983 — 3,972 
2022
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$238,783 $18,374 $— $— $— $18,374 $— $257,157 
Products— 72 180 37,172 — 37,424 — 37,424 
Services10,035 10,917 4,996 1,603 — 17,516 — 27,551 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers248,818 29,363 5,176 38,775 — 73,314 — 322,132 
Total revenues - affiliated customers— 40,883 9,288 60,936 (2,760)108,347 (108,347)— 
Investment and other income923 928 117 62 — 1,107 — 2,030 
Total revenues$249,741 $71,174 $14,581 $99,773 $(2,760)$182,768 $(108,347)$324,162 
Earnings from operations$14,379 $6,032 $3,588 $4,436 $— $14,056 $— $28,435 
Interest expense— — — — — — (2,092)(2,092)
Earnings before income taxes$14,379 $6,032 $3,588 $4,436 $— $14,056 $(2,092)$26,343 
Total assets$107,094 $68,950 $31,090 $47,476 $— $147,516 $(8,905)$245,705 
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software799 997 698 308 — 2,003 — 2,802 
Depreciation and amortization973 943 841 643 — 2,427 — 3,400 
2021
Revenues - unaffiliated customers:
Premiums$212,381 $13,852 $— $— $— $13,852 $— $226,233 
Products— 32 159 34,246 — 34,437 — 34,437 
Services9,661 9,894 3,936 1,112 — 14,942 — 24,603 
Total revenues - unaffiliated customers222,042 23,778 4,095 35,358 — 63,231 — 285,273 
Total revenues - affiliated customers— 29,234 7,867 55,779 (2,013)90,867 (90,867)— 
Investment and other income857 1,053 237 177 — 1,467 — 2,324 
Total revenues$222,899 $54,065 $12,199 $91,314 $(2,013)$155,565 $(90,867)$287,597 
Earnings from operations$11,975 $4,462 $3,398 $4,135 $— $11,995 $— $23,970 
Interest expense— — — — — — (1,660)(1,660)
Earnings before income taxes$11,975 $4,462 $3,398 $4,135 $— $11,995 $(1,660)$22,310 
Total assets$102,967 $60,474 $16,868 $40,181 $— $117,523 $(8,284)$212,206 
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software795 791 567 301 — 1,659 — 2,454 
Depreciation and amortization1,004 818 684 597 — 2,099 — 3,103