Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Stock Option and SAR Activity [Table Text Block]

Stock option and SAR activity for the year ended December 31, 2018 is summarized in the table below:

	Shares		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
	(in millions)				(in years)	(in millions)
Outstanding at beginning of period	37		$	102
Granted	7		229
Exercised	(8	)	78
Forfeited	(1	)	162
Outstanding at end of period	35		131		6.5	$	4,114
Exercisable at end of period	16		87		5.0	2,560
Vested and expected to vest, end of period	34		129		6.5	4,072

Restricted Share Activity [Table Text Block]

Restricted share activity for the year ended December 31, 2018 is summarized in the table below:

(shares in millions)	Shares		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Nonvested at beginning of period	7		$	128
Granted	2		229
Vested	(3	)	119
Nonvested at end of period	6		163

Other Share-Based Compensation Data [Table Text Block]

Other Share-Based Compensation Data

(in millions, except per share amounts)	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2016
Stock Options and SARs
Weighted-average grant date fair value of shares granted, per share	$	43	$	29	$	20
Total intrinsic value of stock options and SARs exercised	1,431		1,473		595
Restricted Shares
Weighted-average grant date fair value of shares granted, per share	229		163		115
Total fair value of restricted shares vested	$	521	$	460	$	274
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Number of shares purchased	2		2		2
Share-Based Compensation Items
Share-based compensation expense, before tax	$	638	$	597	$	485
Share-based compensation expense, net of tax effects	587		531		417
Income tax benefit realized from share-based award exercises	239		431		236

(in millions, except years)	December 31, 2018
Unrecognized compensation expense related to share awards	$	628
Weighted-average years to recognize compensation expense	1.3

Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]

The principal assumptions the Company used in calculating grant-date fair value for stock options and SARs were as follows:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2018	2017	2016
Risk-free interest rate	2.6% - 3.1%	1.9% - 2.1%	1.2% - 1.4%
Expected volatility	18.7% - 19.3%	18.5% - 20.7%	20.8% - 22.5%
Expected dividend yield	1.3% - 1.5%	1.4% - 1.6%	1.8%
Forfeiture rate	5.0%	5.0%	5.0%
Expected life in years	5.6	5.7	5.6 - 5.9