Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques

The following table presents the fair values of Northern Trust’s Level 3 liabilities as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, as well as the valuation techniques, significant unobservable inputs, and quantitative information used to develop significant unobservable inputs for such liabilities as of such dates.

TABLE 29: LEVEL 3 SIGNIFICANT UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS

	MARCH 31, 2022
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT	FAIR VALUE	VALUATION TECHNIQUE	UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS	INPUT VALUES			WEIGHTED-AVERAGE INPUT VALUES(1)
Swaps Related to Sale of Certain Visa Class B Common Shares	$35.3 million	Discounted Cash Flow	Conversion Rate	1.62x			1.62x
			Visa Class A Appreciation	9.72%			9.72%
			Expected Duration	12	-	33 months	20 months

(1) Weighted average of expected duration based on scenario probability.

	DECEMBER 31, 2021
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT	FAIR VALUE	VALUATION TECHNIQUE	UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS	INPUT VALUES			WEIGHTED-AVERAGE INPUT VALUES(1)
Swaps Related to Sale of Certain Visa Class B Common Shares	$37.5 million	Discounted Cash Flow	Conversion Rate	1.62x			1.62x
			Visa Class A Appreciation	10.10%			10.10%
			Expected Duration	12	-	33 months	20 months

(1) Weighted average of expected duration based on scenario probability.

The following table presents the fair values of Northern Trust’s Level 3 assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, as well as the valuation technique, significant unobservable inputs and quantitative information used to develop the significant unobservable inputs for such assets as of such dates.

TABLE 32: LEVEL 3 NONRECURRING BASIS SIGNIFICANT UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS

	MARCH 31, 2022
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT	FAIR VALUE(1)	VALUATION TECHNIQUE	UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS	INPUT VALUES				WEIGHTED-AVERAGE INPUT VALUES
Loans	$13.3 million	Market Approach	Discount factor applied to real estate collateral-based loans to reflect realizable value	15.0	%	-	20.0%	16.3%

(1) Includes real estate collateral-based loans and other collateral-based loans.

	DECEMBER 31, 2021
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENT	FAIR VALUE(1)	VALUATION TECHNIQUE	UNOBSERVABLE INPUTS	INPUT VALUES				WEIGHTED-AVERAGE INPUT VALUES
Loans	$15.0 million	Market Approach	Discount factor applied to real estate collateral-based loans to reflect realizable value	15.0	%	-	20.0%	15.4%

(1) Includes real estate collateral-based loans and other collateral-based loans.

Recurring Basis Hierarchy Leveling

The following table presents assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, segregated by fair value hierarchy level.

TABLE 30: RECURRING BASIS HIERARCHY LEVELING

	MARCH 31, 2022
(In Millions)	LEVEL 1		LEVEL 2		LEVEL 3		NETTING		ASSETS/LIABILITIES AT FAIR VALUE
Debt Securities
Available for Sale
U.S. Government	$	2,547.0	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,547.0
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions	—		3,647.8		—		—		3,647.8
Government Sponsored Agency	—		16,927.3		—		—		16,927.3
Non-U.S. Government	—		621.4		—		—		621.4
Corporate Debt	—		2,291.5		—		—		2,291.5
Covered Bonds	—		573.5		—		—		573.5
Sub-Sovereign, Supranational and Non-U.S. Agency Bonds	—		2,840.3		—		—		2,840.3
Other Asset-Backed	—		5,942.4		—		—		5,942.4
Commercial Mortgage-Backed	—		1,469.7		—		—		1,469.7
Total Available for Sale	2,547.0		34,313.9		—		—		36,860.9
Trading Account	—		0.4		—		—		0.4
Total Available for Sale and Trading Debt Securities	2,547.0		34,314.3		—		—		36,861.3
Other Assets
Derivative Assets
Foreign Exchange Contracts	—		3,185.2		—		(2,153.9)		1,031.3
Interest Rate Contracts	—		81.7		—		(22.7)		59.0
Total Derivative Assets	—		3,266.9		—		(2,176.6)		1,090.3
Other Liabilities
Derivative Liabilities
Foreign Exchange Contracts	—		3,119.1		—		(2,381.2)		737.9
Interest Rate Contracts	—		200.6		—		(15.4)		185.2
Other Financial Derivatives(1)	—		—		35.3		(33.8)		1.5
Total Derivative Liabilities	$	—	$	3,319.7	$	35.3	$	(2,430.4)	$	924.6

Note: Northern Trust has elected to net derivative assets and liabilities when legally enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements exist between Northern Trust and the counterparty. As of March 31, 2022, derivative assets and liabilities shown above also include reductions of $879.7 million and $1,133.6 million, respectively, as a result of cash collateral received from and deposited with derivative counterparties.

(1)This line consists of swaps related to the sale of certain Visa Class B common shares.

	DECEMBER 31, 2021
(In Millions)	LEVEL 1		LEVEL 2		LEVEL 3		NETTING		ASSETS/LIABILITIES AT FAIR VALUE
Debt Securities
Available for Sale
U.S. Government	$	2,426.1	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,426.1
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions	—		3,876.1		—		—		3,876.1
Government Sponsored Agency	—		18,075.6		—		—		18,075.6
Non-U.S. Government	—		374.0		—		—		374.0
Corporate Debt	—		2,341.7		—		—		2,341.7
Covered Bonds	—		505.6		—		—		505.6
Sub-Sovereign, Supranational and Non-U.S. Agency Bonds	—		3,045.1		—		—		3,045.1
Other Asset-Backed	—		5,941.6		—		—		5,941.6
Commercial Mortgage-Backed	—		1,424.7		—		—		1,424.7
Total Available for Sale	2,426.1		35,584.4		—		—		38,010.5
Trading Account	—		0.3		—		—		0.3
Total Available for Sale and Trading Debt Securities	2,426.1		35,584.7		—		—		38,010.8
Other Assets
Derivative Assets
Foreign Exchange Contracts	—		2,207.4		—		(1,530.7)		676.7
Interest Rate Contracts	—		140.0		—		(3.1)		136.9
Total Derivative Assets	—		2,347.4		—		(1,533.8)		813.6
Other Liabilities
Derivative Liabilities
Foreign Exchange Contracts	—		1,998.8		—		(1,234.5)		764.3
Interest Rate Contracts	—		98.9		—		(48.1)		50.8
Other Financial Derivatives(1)	—		—		37.5		(0.9)		36.6
Total Derivative Liabilities	$	—	$	2,097.7	$	37.5	$	(1,283.5)	$	851.7

Note: Northern Trust has elected to net derivative assets and liabilities when legally enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements exist between Northern Trust and the counterparty. As of December 31, 2021, derivative assets and liabilities shown above also include reductions of $389.4 million and $139.0 million, respectively, as a result of cash collateral received from and deposited with derivative counterparties.

(1) This line consists of swaps related to the sale of certain Visa Class B common shares.

Changes in Level 3 Liabilities

The following table presents the changes in Level 3 liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

TABLE 31: CHANGES IN LEVEL 3 LIABILITIES

(In Millions)	SWAPS RELATED TO SALE OF CERTAIN VISA CLASS B COMMON SHARES
THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31,	2022		2021
Fair Value at January 1	$	37.5	$	35.3
Total (Gains) Losses:
Included in Earnings(1)	4.5		3.6
Purchases, Issues, Sales, and Settlements
Settlements	(6.7)		(4.3)
Fair Value at March 31	$	35.3	$	34.6

(1) (Gains) losses are recorded in Other Operating Income on the consolidated statements of income.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following tables present the book value and estimated fair value, including the level within the fair value hierarchy, of Northern Trust’s financial instruments that are not measured at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The following tables exclude those items measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

TABLE 33: FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

	MARCH 31, 2022
					ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE
(In Millions)	BOOK VALUE		TOTAL ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE		LEVEL 1		LEVEL 2		LEVEL 3
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and Due from Banks	$	3,783.2	$	3,783.2	$	3,783.2	$	—	$	—
Federal Reserve and Other Central Bank Deposits	55,695.7		55,695.7		—		55,695.7		—
Interest-Bearing Deposits with Banks	2,811.1		2,811.1		—		2,811.1		—
Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell	1,031.4		1,031.4		—		1,031.4		—
Debt Securities - Held to Maturity	21,223.5		20,399.1		49.0		20,350.1		—
Loans (excluding Leases)
Held for Investment	39,081.0		38,687.2		—		—		38,687.2
Held for Sale	10.8		22.3		—		22.3		—
Other Assets	1,292.9		1,292.1		130.9		1,161.2		—
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Deposits
Demand, Noninterest-Bearing, Savings, Money Market and Other Interest-Bearing	$	79,242.1	$	79,242.1	$	79,242.1	$	—	$	—
Savings Certificates and Other Time	846.0		841.2		—		841.2		—
Non U.S. Offices Interest-Bearing	69,541.5		69,541.5		—		69,541.5		—
Federal Funds Purchased	0.2		0.2		—		0.2		—
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase	329.7		329.7		—		329.7		—
Other Borrowings	3,521.1		3,520.1		—		3,520.1		—
Senior Notes	2,377.5		2,432.2		—		2,432.2		—
Long-Term Debt	1,106.9		1,114.6		—		1,114.6		—
Unfunded Commitments	297.4		297.4		—		297.4		—
Other Liabilities	79.5		79.5		—		—		79.5

	DECEMBER 31, 2021
					ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE
(In Millions)	BOOK VALUE		TOTAL ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE		LEVEL 1		LEVEL 2		LEVEL 3
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and Due from Banks	$	3,056.8	$	3,056.8	$	3,056.8	$	—	$	—
Federal Reserve and Other Central Bank Deposits	64,582.2		64,582.2		—		64,582.2		—
Interest-Bearing Deposits with Banks	1,949.4		1,949.4		—		1,949.4		—
Securities Purchased under Agreements to Resell	686.4		686.4		—		686.4		—
Debt Securities - Held to Maturity	23,564.5		23,315.4		47.0		23,268.4		—
Loans (excluding Leases)
Held for Investment	40,319.3		40,208.2		—		—		40,208.2
Held for Sale	12.3		24.5		—		24.5		—
Other Assets	1,275.3		1,279.8		119.1		1,160.7		—
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Deposits
Demand, Noninterest-Bearing, Savings, Money Market and Other Interest-Bearing	$	83,318.6	$	83,318.6	$	83,318.6	$	—	$	—
Savings Certificates and Other Time	842.7		843.8		—		843.8		—
Non U.S. Offices Interest-Bearing	75,767.1		75,767.1		—		75,767.1		—
Federal Funds Purchased	0.2		0.2		—		0.2		—
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase	531.9		531.9		—		531.9		—
Other Borrowings	3,583.8		3,583.9		—		3,583.9		—
Senior Notes	2,505.5		2,591.4		—		2,591.4		—
Long-Term Debt	1,145.7		1,189.4		—		1,189.4		—
Unfunded Commitments	289.3		289.3		—		289.3		—
Other Liabilities	75.5		75.5		—		—		75.5