Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

On January 1, 2020 (the "adoption date"), the Company replaced its previous incurred loss impairment model for estimating credit losses on accounts and notes receivables with an expected loss model prepared in accordance with ASC 326. While the incurred loss impairment model had the Company recognize credit losses when it was probable that a loss had been incurred, ASC 326 requires the Company to estimate future expected credit losses on such instruments before an impairment may occur. On the adoption date the Company recorded an initial increase of $42.2 million to the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts, with an offset recorded as an opening adjustment to retained earnings.

In making the Company’s credit evaluations, management considers the general collection risk associated with trends in the long-term care industry. The Company establishes credit limits through payment terms with customers, performs ongoing credit evaluations and monitors accounts on an aging schedule basis to minimize the risk of loss. Despite the Company’s efforts to minimize credit risk exposure, clients could be adversely affected if future industry trends, including those related to COVID-19, change in such a manner as to negatively impact their cash flows. The full effects of COVID-19 on the Company’s clients are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. As a result, the Company’s future collection experience can differ significantly from historical collection trends. If the Company’s clients experience a negative impact on their cash flows, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

The Company evaluates its accounts and notes receivable for expected credit losses quarterly. Accounts receivables are evaluated based on internally developed credit quality indicators derived from the aging of receivables. Notes receivable are evaluated based on internally developed credit quality indicators derived from Management’s assessment of collection risk. The Company manages note receivable portfolios using a two tiered approach by disaggregating standard notes receivables, which are promissory notes in good standing, from those who have been identified by Management as having an elevated credit risk profile due to a trigger event such as bankruptcy. At the end of each period the Company sets a reserve for expected credit losses on standard notes receivable based on the Company’s historical loss rate. Notes receivable with an elevated risk profile, which are from customers who have filed bankruptcy, are subject to collections activity or are slow payers that are experiencing financial difficulties, are aggregated and evaluated to determine the total reserve for the class of receivable.

The guidance in ASC 326 permits entities to make an accounting policy election not to measure an estimate for credit losses on accrued interest if those entities write-off accrued interest deemed uncollectible in a timely manner. The Company follows an income recognition policy on all interest earned on notes receivable. Under such policy the Company accounts for all notes receivable on a non-accrual basis and defers the recognition of any interest income until receipt of cash payments. This policy was established, recognizing the environment of the long-term care industry, and not because such notes receivable are necessarily impaired. Accordingly, the Company does not record a credit loss adjustment for accrued interest. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recognized $0.6 million in interest income from notes receivables.

As part of the Company’s adoption of ASC 326, there are additional disclosures required to be made on a class of financing receivable basis. The following table presents the Company’s two tiers of notes receivable further disaggregated by year of origination as of March 31, 2020. The information is updated as of March 31, 2020:


	Notes Receivable
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Total
	(in thousands)
Notes Receivable
Standard note receivable	$	6,810	$	16,058	$	17,745	$	27,066	$	1,989	$	1,606	$	71,274
Elevated risk note receivable	$	—	$	—	$	397	$	5,511	$	—	$	2,457	$	8,365

Current-period gross write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current-period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current-period net write-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

The following table provides information as to the status of payment on the Company’s notes receivable in the manner in which the Company evaluates credit risk amongst the portfolio:


	Age Analysis of Past-Due Note Receivable as of March 31, 2020
	0-90 Days		91 - 180 Days		Greater than 181 Days		Total
	(in thousands)
Notes Receivable
Standard notes receivable	$	872	$	531	$	2,540	$	3,943
Elevated risk notes receivable	804		532		5,399		6,735
	$	1,676	$	1,063	$	7,939	$	10,678

The following table provides a summary of the changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts on a portfolio segment basis for the three months ended March 31, 2020:


	Allowance for doubtful accounts
Portfolio Segment	December 31, 2019		Cumulative effect of ASC 326 adoption¹		Write-Offs		Bad Debt Expense		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Accounts receivable	$	39,903	$	36,709	$	(4,409)	$	2,186	$	74,389

Note receivable
Standard notes receivable	$	6,667	$	5,236	$	—	$	(249)	$	11,654
Elevated risk notes receivable	5,823		291		—		123		6,237
Total notes receivable	$	12,490	$	5,527	$	—	$	(126)	$	17,891
Total accounts and notes receivable	$	52,393	$	42,236	$	(4,409)	$	2,060	$	92,280

1.Represents a one-time adjustment to the Company’s 2020 opening retained earnings balance in accordance with the adoption of the accounting guidance.