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Share-Based Compensation
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2013
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation
Share-Based Compensation

2012 Equity Incentive Plan

On May 29, 2012, the Company's shareholders adopted and approved the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2012 Plan"), under which current or prospective officers, employees, non-employee directors and advisors can receive share-based awards such as stock options, restricted stock and other stock awards. The 2012 Plan seeks to promote the highest level of performance by providing an economic interest in the long-term success of the Company. As of this date, no further grants were permitted under any previously existing stock plans (the "Pre-existing Plans"). Additionally, all remaining shares available for future grants under the Pre-existing Plans became available for issuance under the 2012 Plan.

The Nominating, Compensation and Stock Option Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for determining the individuals who will be granted stock awards, the number of stock awards each individual will receive, the price per share (in accordance with the terms of our 2012 Plan), and the exercise period of each stock award.

A summary of stock-based compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 is as follows:

 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Stock Options
$
1,508,000

 
$
1,423,000

Restricted Stock
21,000

 

Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)
262,000

 
276,000

Total pre-tax stock-based compensation expense charged against income (1)
$
1,791,000

 
$
1,699,000


(1)
Stock-based compensation expense is recorded in the selling, general and administrative caption in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

We have outstanding stock awards that were granted under the Pre-existing Plans to non-employee directors, officers and employees of the Company and other specified groups, depending on the Pre-existing Plan. No further grants are allowed under the Pre-existing Plans. As of September 30, 2013, 5,474,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under our 2012 Plan, including 2,784,000 shares which are available for future grant. The stock price will not be less than the fair market value of the common stock on the date the award is granted. No stock grant will have a term in excess of ten years. Since 2008, all awards granted become vested and exercisable ratably over a five year period on each yearly anniversary date of the option grant.

A summary of our stock option activity is as follows:

 
Stock Options Outstanding
 
Number of Shares
 
Weighted Average Exercise Price
December 31, 2012
2,632,000

 
$
13.18

Granted
564,000

 
23.50

Cancelled
(60,000
)
 
18.25

Exercised
(446,000
)
 
12.34

September 30, 2013
2,690,000

 
$
15.37



The weighted average grant-date fair value of stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was $6.81 and $4.74 per common share, respectively.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2013, the Company granted 6,000 shares of restricted stock with a weighted average grant date fair value of $23.50 per share.

The following table summarizes other information about our outstanding stock options at September 30, 2013.


 
Stock Options
Range of exercise prices
 
$3.68 - 23.50

Outstanding:
 
 
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)
 
6.40

Aggregate intrinsic value
 
$
27,963,000

Exercisable:
 
 
Number of shares
 
1,104,000

Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)
 
4.20

Aggregate intrinsic value
 
$
16,328,000



Fair Value Estimates

The fair value of stock awards granted in 2013 and 2012 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model based on the following assumptions:

 
September 30, 2013
 
September 30, 2012
Risk-free interest rate
1.5%
 
1.3%
Weighted average expected life in years
6.0 years
 
6.8 years
Expected volatility
38.9%
 
39.2%
Dividend yield
2.8%
 
3.6%


Other Information

Other information pertaining to activity of our stock awards during the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 was as follows:

 
September 30, 2013
 
September 30, 2012
Total grant-date fair value of stock awards granted
$
3,412,000

 
$
2,438,000

Total fair value of stock awards vested during period
$
1,897,000

 
$
1,870,000

Total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock awards
$
5,472,000

 
$
4,948,000



At September 30, 2013, the unrecognized compensation cost related to stock awards granted but not yet vested, as reported above, was expected to be recognized through the fourth quarter of 2017 for the 2013 grants and the fourth quarter of 2016 for the 2012 grants.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Since January 1, 2000, we have had an ESPP for all eligible employees. All full-time and certain part-time employees who have completed two years of continuous service with us are eligible to participate. The ESPP was implemented through five annual offerings. On January 1, 2000, the first annual offering commenced. On February 12, 2004 (effective January 1, 2004), our Board of Directors extended the ESPP for an additional eight annual offerings. On April 12, 2011, the Board of Directors extended the ESPP for an additional five offerings through 2016. Annual offerings commence and terminate on the respective year’s first and last calendar day.

Under the ESPP, we are authorized to issue up to 4,050,000 shares of our common stock to our employees. Pursuant to such authorization, we have 2,541,000 shares available for future grant at September 30, 2013.

The stock-based compensation expense associated with our ESPP was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model based on the following assumptions:

 
September 30, 2013
 
September 30, 2012
Risk-free interest rate
0.24%
 
0.19%
Weighted average expected life in years
1.0 year
 
1.0 year
Expected volatility
27.6%
 
36.5%
Dividend yield
2.8%
 
3.6%