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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
General
General: Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (“Seacoast” or the “Company”) is a financial holding company with one operating subsidiary bank, Seacoast National Bank (“Seacoast Bank”). The Company provides integrated financial services including commercial and consumer banking, wealth management, and mortgage and insurance services to customers at 104 full-service branches, and through advanced mobile and online banking solutions. 19 branches recently acquired in the Villages community and in North Central Florida will operate under the name Citizens First Bank until Seacoast’s system conversion takes place early in the third quarter of 2026.
See the Glossary of Defined Terms at the beginning of this Report for terms used herein.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Seacoast and all its majority-owned subsidiaries but exclude trusts created for the issuance of trust preferred securities. In consolidation, all significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with GAAP, and they conform to customary practices within the applicable industries. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates: The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments in the application of certain accounting policies that involve significant estimates and assumptions. The Company has established policies and control procedures that are intended to ensure valuation methods are well controlled and applied consistently from period to period. These estimates and assumptions, which may materially affect the reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements, and changes in this information over time and the use of revised estimates and assumptions could materially affect amounts reported in subsequent financial statements. Specific areas, among others, requiring the application of management’s estimates include the determination of the ACL, acquisition accounting and purchased loans, intangible assets and impairment testing, and other fair value measurements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks and interest-bearing bank balances. Cash equivalents have original maturities of three months or less, and accordingly, the carrying amount of these instruments is deemed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Time Deposits with Other Banks
Time Deposits with Other Banks: Time deposits with other banks consist of certificates of deposit with original maturities greater than three months and are carried at cost.
Securities Purchased and Sold Agreements Securities Purchased and Sold Agreements: Securities purchased under resale agreements and securities sold under repurchase agreements are generally accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded at the amount at which the securities were acquired or sold plus accrued interest. It is the Company’s policy to take possession of securities purchased under resale agreements, which are primarily U.S. government and government agency securities. The fair value of securities purchased and sold is monitored and collateral is obtained from or returned to the counterparty when appropriate.
Securities
Securities: Debt securities are classified as AFS or HTM. Debt securities AFS may be sold as part of the Company's asset/liability management or in response to, or in anticipation of, changes in interest rates and resulting prepayment risk, or for other factors, and are stated at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses are reflected as a component of shareholders' equity net of tax or included in noninterest income as appropriate. Debt securities HTM that the Company has the ability and intent to hold to maturity are carried at amortized cost. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values are considered marketable and measured at fair value with unrealized gains or losses included in noninterest income as securities gains or losses. Equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values are considered non-marketable and are accounted for at cost under the measurement alternative to fair value, with adjustments for impairment and observable price changes if applicable.
The estimated fair value of a security is determined based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses, using observable market data where available.
Realized gains and losses are included in noninterest income as investment securities gains (losses). Interest and dividends on securities, including amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on debt securities, are recognized in interest income on an accrual basis using the interest method. The Company anticipates prepayments of principal in the calculation of the effective yield for collateralized mortgage obligations and mortgage-backed securities by obtaining estimates of prepayments from independent third parties. The adjusted cost of each specific security sold is used to compute realized gains or losses on the sale of securities on a trade date basis.
Credit losses on securities and Allowance for credit losses on loans
Credit losses on securities: For securities classified as HTM, management estimates expected credit losses over the remaining expected life and recognizes this estimate as an ACL. Debt securities classified as AFS are considered impaired if the fair value is less than amortized cost. Impairments are analyzed at an individual security level on a quarterly basis and both quantitative and qualitative assessments are utilized to determine if a security has a credit loss. Qualitative assessments consider a range of factors including percent decline in fair value, rating downgrades, subordination, duration, amortized LTV, and the ability of the issuers to pay all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms. Quantitative assessments are based on a discounted cash flow analysis, which includes evaluating the timing and amount of the expected cash flows. If any portion of the decline in fair value is related to credit, then the credit loss is recognized as an allowance for credit loss, and the noncredit portion is recognized in other comprehensive income.
Allowance for credit losses on loans: The ACL represents management's best estimate of expected credit losses related to the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans' amortized cost basis to present the net amount to be collected on loans. Loan balances deemed uncollectible are charged off against the ACL and recoveries are credited to the allowance. In order to adjust the allowance to the current estimate of expected credit losses, charges or credits to the provision for credit losses are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company excludes accrued interest on loans from its determination of allowance as such amounts are generally reversed against interest income when a loan is placed in nonperforming status.
Portfolio segments represent the level at which the Company develops and documents its methodology for determining its ACL. Portfolio segments are disaggregated by similar risk characteristics such as customer and/or collateral type and are described above in Loans Held for Investment.
The ACL is measured on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Management establishes the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Economic forecast data is sourced from Moody’s, a firm recognized for its research, analysis, and economic forecasts. The forecasts of future economic conditions are over a period that has been deemed reasonable and supportable, and in segments where it can no longer develop reasonable and supportable forecasts, the Company reverts to longer-term historical loss experience to estimate losses over the remaining life of the loans. The forecast may utilize one scenario or a composite of scenarios based on management's judgment and expectations around the current and future macroeconomic outlook. Expected credit losses are estimated for commercial loans using a discounted cash flow over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments when appropriate. A loss rate methodology is utilized for consumer loans.
Adjustments may be made to baseline reserves based on an assessment of internal and external influences on credit quality not fully reflected in the quantitative components of the allowance model. These influences may include elements such as changes in concentration, macroeconomic conditions, recent observable asset quality trends, staff turnover, regional market conditions, employment levels, model risk, integration risk, and loan growth. Based upon management's assessments of these factors, the Company may apply qualitative adjustments to the allowance.
Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Loans evaluated individually are not also included in the collective evaluation. For loans that are individually evaluated, the allowance is determined through review of data specific to the borrower and the related collateral, if any. When management determines that foreclosure is probable, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate.
The allowance for PCD loans is determined at the time of acquisition as the estimated expected credit loss of the outstanding balance or par value, based on the methodologies described previously for loans. The allowance recognized at acquisition is added to the acquisition date purchase price to determine the asset’s amortized cost basis.
It is the Company's practice to ensure that the charge-off policy aligns with regulatory requirements. Losses on unsecured consumer loans are recognized at 90 days past due. In compliance with FFIEC guidelines, secured consumer loans, including residential real estate, are typically charged off or charged down between 120 and 180 days past due, depending on the collateral type. Commercial loans and real estate loans are typically placed on nonaccrual status when principal or interest is past due for 90 days or more, unless the loan is both secured by collateral having realizable value sufficient to discharge the debt in-full and the loan is in process of collection. Secured loans may be charged down to the estimated value of the collateral with previously accrued unpaid interest reversed against interest income. Subsequent charge-offs may be required as a result of changes in the market value of collateral or other repayment prospects. Initial charge-off amounts are based on valuation estimates derived from appraisals or other market information. Generally, updated appraisals are not received until the foreclosure process is completed; however, collateral values are evaluated periodically based on market information and incremental charge-offs are recorded if it is determined that collateral values have declined from their initial estimates.
Loans Held for Sale
Loans Held for Sale: The Company has elected to account for residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale at fair value. Changes in fair value are measured and recorded in Mortgage banking income in noninterest income each period. The Company designates other loans as held for sale when it has the intent to sell them. These loans are recorded at the lower of cost or estimated fair value on an individual basis. When such loans are transferred to held for sale, any previously recorded ACL is reversed into earnings, and the loan is recorded at its amortized cost basis. Prior to the transfer, write-downs on the loans are recorded as charge-offs, establishing a new cost basis upon transfer.
Loans Held for Investment
Loans Held for Investment: Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are considered held for investment. Loans originated by Seacoast and held for investment are recognized at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned income and amounts charged off. Unearned income includes discounts, premiums and deferred loan origination fees reduced by loan origination costs. Unearned income on loans is amortized to interest income over the life of the related loan using the effective interest rate method. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis.
Loans acquired through business acquisitions are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. Loans that, as of the date of acquisition, have experienced a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination are classified as PCD. Acquired loans that do not meet the definition of PCD are classified by the Company as acquired Non-PCD. Expected credit losses on loans not considered PCD are recognized through the provision for credit losses when the initial allowance is recorded.
A loan for which the terms have been modified with principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment delay or a term extension and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, is considered to be a TBM.
Loans held for investment are categorized into the following segments:
Construction and land development: Loans are extended to both commercial and consumer customers which are collateralized by and for the purpose of funding land development and construction projects, including commercial, 1-4 family residential, multi-family, and non-farm residential properties where the primary source of repayment is from proceeds of the sale, refinancing or permanent financing of the property.
CRE - owner occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring or refinancing real estate to be occupied by the borrower's business. These loans are collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the performance of the company occupying the property.
CRE - non-owner occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring or refinancing commercial property where occupancy by the borrower is not their primary intent. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans, collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on rental income from third parties or from the sale of the property.
Residential real estate: Loans are extended to consumer customers and collateralized primarily by 1-4 family residential properties and include fixed and variable rate mortgages, home equity mortgages, and HELOCs. Loans are primarily written based on conventional loan agency guidelines, including loans that exceed agency value limitations. Sources of repayment are largely dependent on the occupant of the residential property.
Commercial and financial: Loans are extended to commercial customers. The purpose of the loans can be working capital, physical asset expansion, asset acquisition or other business purposes. Loans may be collateralized by assets owned by the borrower or the borrower's business. Commercial loans are based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the borrower's business and secondarily on the capacity of credit enhancements, guarantees, and underlying collateral provided by the borrower.
Consumer: Loans are extended to consumer customers. The segment includes both installment loans and lines of credit which may be collateralized or non-collateralized.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities: The Company enters into derivative contracts, including swaps, to meet the needs of customers who request such services and to manage the Company's exposure to interest rate fluctuations. Derivative contracts are carried at fair value and recorded in the consolidated balance sheet within Other assets or Other liabilities. The gain or loss resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and qualifying as cash flow hedging instruments is initially reported as a component of Other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings through interest income in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The gain or loss resulting from changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges is classified in the statement of income or comprehensive income in the line item associated with the instrument being hedged.
The Company prepares written hedge documentation for all derivatives which are designated as hedges of (i) changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge) attributable to a specified risk or (ii) a forecasted transaction, such as the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge). The written hedge documentation includes identification of, among other items, the risk management objective, hedging instrument, hedged item, and methodologies for assessing and measuring hedge effectiveness, along with support for management’s assertion that the hedge will be highly effective.
The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when it is determined that the derivative contract is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative expires or is terminated, management determines that the designation of the derivative as a hedging instrument is no longer appropriate or, for a cash flow hedge, the occurrence of the forecasted transaction is no longer probable. When hedge accounting on a cash flow hedge is discontinued, any subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings. The cumulative unrealized gain or loss related to a discontinuing cash flow hedge continues to be reported in AOCI and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged transactions affects earnings, unless it is probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period, in which case the cumulative unrealized gain or loss in AOCI is reclassified into earnings immediately.
Cash flows resulting from derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as hedges are classified in the cash flow statement in the same category as the cash flows from the hedged items.
IRLCs are for loans which commit the Company to lend funds to a potential borrower at a specific interest rate and within a specified period of time. IRLCs relate to the origination of loans that are held for sale and are considered derivative financial instruments under applicable accounting guidance. Outstanding IRLCs expose the Company to the risk that the price of the mortgage loans underlying the commitments may decline due to increases in mortgage interest rates from inception of the rate lock to the funding of the loan. The IRLCs are free standing derivatives, which are carried at fair value with changes recorded in Mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Changes in the fair value of IRLCs subsequent to inception are recorded in Other assets or Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and are based on (i) changes in the fair value of the underlying loan resulting from the fulfillment of the commitment and (ii) changes in the probability when the loan will fund within the terms of the commitment, which is affected primarily by changes in interest rates and the passage of time. Forward TBA mortgage-backed securities and forward loan sale commitments are also free standing derivatives carried at fair value with changes recorded in Mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and changes in the fair value subsequent to inception recorded in Other assets or Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit
Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit: Loan commitments and letters of credit are an off-balance sheet item and represent commitments to make loans or lines of credit available to borrowers. The face amount of these commitments represents an exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such commitments are recognized as loans when funded. The Company estimates a reserve for potential losses on unfunded commitments, which is reported separately from the ACL, within Other Liabilities. Changes to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments are recorded in noninterest expense on the income statement. The reserve is based upon the same quantitative and qualitative factors applied to the collectively evaluated loan portfolio. Fees on commitments are typically deferred and amortized to interest income over the life of the related loan, beginning with the initial borrowing.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements: The Company measures or monitors the fair value of many of its assets and liabilities. Certain assets are measured on a recurring basis, including AFS securities, equity securities, MSR and derivatives. These assets are carried at fair value on the Company’s balance sheets. Additionally, fair value is measured on a non-recurring basis to evaluate assets or liabilities for impairment. Examples include collateral-dependent loans, OREO, and long-lived assets.
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation techniques and assumptions when estimating fair value.
The Company applies the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Assets or liabilities for which the identical item is traded on an active exchange, such as publicly-traded instruments.
Level 2 – Assets and liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments.
Level 3 – Assets and liabilities for which significant valuation assumptions are not readily observable in the market; instruments valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally-developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.
When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at and/or marked to fair value, the Company considers the principal market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, the Company looks to active and observable markets to price identical assets or liabilities. When identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, the Company looks to market observable data for similar assets and liabilities. Certain assets and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets, and the Company must use alternative valuation techniques to derive a fair value measurement.
HTM debt securities: These debt securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The estimated fair value of a security is determined based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses, using observable market data where available.
The Company reviews the prices supplied by independent pricing services, as well as their underlying pricing methodologies, for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with traditional pricing matrices. From time to time, the Company will validate, on a sample basis, prices supplied by the independent pricing service by comparison to prices obtained from other brokers and third-party sources or derived using internal models.
Loans: Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type, such as commercial or mortgage. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and adjustable-rate interest terms as well as performing and nonperforming categories. The fair value of loans is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated life including prepayment considerations, using estimated market discount rates that reflect the risks inherent in the loan. The fair value approach considers market-driven variables including credit related factors and reflects an “exit price” as defined in ASC Topic 820.
Investments at NAV: The Company has equity investments in SBICs accounted for under the fair value practical expedient of NAV totaling $26.4 million at December 31, 2025 and $21.1 million at December 31, 2024, which are not included in the fair value hierarchy. These investments are made primarily through various SBIC funds as a strategy to provide expansion and growth opportunities to small businesses and are subject to various risks, including market, liquidity, and credit risk. SBICs are generally structured to operate for approximately 10 years, and the Company’s investments are not redeemable. Distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets, which is expected to occur over the next 5-10 years. Unfunded commitments related to these investments were $8.7 million at December 31, 2025 and $7.1 million at December 31, 2024.
Deposit liabilities: The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and money market deposits is the amount payable at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed maturity certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for funding of similar remaining maturities.
Bank Premises and Equipment
Bank Premises and Equipment: Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Premises and equipment include certain costs associated with the acquisition of leasehold improvements. Depreciation and amortization are recognized principally by the straight-line method, over the estimated useful lives as follows: buildings - 25-40 years, leasehold improvements - 5-25 years, furniture and equipment - 3-12 years. Leasehold improvements amortize over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life. Premises and equipment and other long-term assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If impaired, the assets are written down to fair value with a corresponding increase to noninterest expense.
Other Real Estate Owned
Other Real Estate Owned: OREO consists of real estate taken in foreclosure of defaulted loan balances. These assets are carried at an amount equal to the loan balance prior to foreclosure plus costs incurred for improvements to the property, but no more than the estimated fair value of the property less estimated selling costs. Any valuation adjustments required at the date of transfer are charged to the ACL. Subsequently, unrealized losses and realized gains and losses are included in other noninterest expense. Operating results from OREO are recorded in other noninterest expense.
OREO may also include bank premises no longer utilized in the course of the Company's business (closed branches) that are initially recorded at the lower of carrying value or fair value, less costs to sell. If the fair value of the premises is less than carrying value, a write down is recorded through noninterest expense. Costs to maintain the property are expensed.
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets: The Company’s intangible assets consist of goodwill, CDI, customer relationship intangibles and loan servicing rights. Goodwill results from business combinations and represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill may be adjusted for up to one year from the acquisition date in the event new information is obtained which, if known at the date of the acquisition, would have impacted the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities. Goodwill is considered to have an indefinite useful life and is not amortized, but rather tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more often if circumstances arise that may indicate risk of impairment. If impaired, goodwill is written down with a corresponding impact to noninterest expense.
The Company recognizes CDI that result from either whole bank acquisitions or branch acquisitions. CDI is initially measured at fair value and then amortized over periods ranging from six to ten years generally on an accelerated basis. Customer relationship intangibles are measured at fair value and amortized on a straight-line basis over ten years. The Company evaluates other identifiable intangibles for impairment annually, or more often if circumstances arise that may indicate risk of impairment. If impaired, the intangible asset is written down with a corresponding increase to noninterest expense.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
Servicing Rights: In October 2025, the Company acquired MSRs as part of the VBI acquisition. The acquired MSRs were initially recognized at fair value, and the Company elected to subsequently measure these MSRs using the fair value method, with changes in fair value reported in earnings, within Mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income, during the period in which they occur. The Company retains the right to service certain residential mortgage loans that it sells to secondary market investors and these MSRs are recognized as a separate asset on the date the corresponding mortgage loan is sold and accounted for using the fair value method. The fair value of MSRs is estimated using a discounted cash flow approach, which incorporates key assumptions such as expected cash flows, prepayment speeds, servicing costs, market discount rates, and other relevant factors.
Servicing rights associated with SBA loan sales are accounted for under the amortization method, with related amortization recognized in noninterest expense. Mortgage and SBA servicing rights are included in Other intangible assets, net.
Bank Owned Life Insurance
Bank Owned Life Insurance: The Company, through its subsidiary bank, has purchased or acquired through bank acquisitions, life insurance policies on certain key executives and members of management. BOLI is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.
Other Investments
Other Investments: Included in Other Assets are investments in funds generating affordable housing tax credits, and investments in SBICs, which are privately owned and operated companies licensed by the SBA to invest in small businesses. Investments generating tax credits are accounted for using the proportional amortization method. Under this method, the investor amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits allocated to the investor. The amortization is recorded in income tax expense within the income statement, which is the location the related tax credits are recorded. SBIC investments are accounted for using the NAV practical expedient as provided in the financial statements received from the SBICs. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2024, SBIC investments were accounted for at cost less impairment, if any. Income from SBIC investments is recognized in Noninterest income.
Seacoast Bank is a member of the FHLB and FRB systems. Members are required to own a certain amount of FHLB and FRB stock-based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. The FHLB and FRB stock are accounted for at cost less impairment, if any. Both cash and stock dividends are recognized in earnings.
Leases Leases: Arrangements are analyzed at inception to determine the existence of a lease. ROUAs represent the right to use the underlying asset and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments for the lease term. Operating lease ROUAs and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the appropriate term and information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The lease term may include options to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. ROUAs and operating lease liabilities are reported in Other Assets and Other Liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is classified as Occupancy or Furniture and equipment expense based on the subject asset.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes two types of revenue in its Consolidated Statements of Income, interest income and noninterest income. The Company's principal source of revenue is interest income from loans and securities which is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.
Noninterest income includes revenue from various types of transactions and services provided to customers. The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers as performance obligations are satisfied. Performance obligations are typically satisfied in one year or less. Relevant activity includes:
Service Charges on Deposits: Seacoast Bank offers a variety of deposit-related services to its customers through several delivery channels including branch offices, ATMs, telephone, mobile, and internet banking. Transaction-based fees are recognized when services, each of which represents a performance obligation, are satisfied. Service fees may be assessed monthly, quarterly, or annually; however, the account agreements to which these fees relate can be canceled at any time by Seacoast and/or the customer. Therefore, the contract term is considered a single day (a day-to-day contract).
Wealth Management Income: The Company earns trust fees from fiduciary services provided to trust customers, which include custody of assets, recordkeeping, collection and distribution of funds. Fees are earned over time and accrued monthly as the Company provides services, and are generally assessed based on the market value of the trust assets under management at a particular date or over a particular period. The Company also earns commissions and fees from investment brokerage services provided to its customers through an arrangement with a third-party service provider. Commissions received from the third-party service provider are recorded monthly and are based upon customer activity. Fees are earned over time and accrued monthly as services are provided. The Company acts as an agent in this arrangement and therefore presents the brokerage commissions and fees net of related costs.
Mortgage Banking Income: The Company recognizes earnings derived from mortgages originated and subsequently sold, generally with servicing retained. The primary components include gains and losses on mortgage sales; servicing revenue; changes in fair value of MSRs; and changes in fair value of IRLCs, forward TBA mortgage-backed securities,
and forward loan sale commitments. Refer to "Servicing Rights" and "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" in Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies, for further discussion.
Interchange Income: Fees earned on card transactions depend upon the volume of activity, as well as the fees permitted by the payment network. Such fees are recognized by the Company upon fulfilling its performance obligation to approve the card transaction.
Insurance Agency Income: Insurance commissions are earned upon the sale of insurance products as agent and are paid by the insurance companies upon the completion of application requirements and receipt of client payment to the insurance company. The commissions are recognized upon the placement date of the insurance policies, representing the Company’s related performance obligations. Commission payment is normally received within the policy period.
Treasury Stock and Share Repurchases
Treasury Stock and Share Repurchases: The Company's repurchases of shares of its common stock are recorded at cost as additional paid-in capital and result in a reduction of shareholders' equity. Activity in treasury stock represents shares traded to offset employee payroll taxes on vested shares. Shares held in treasury are also used for employee share purchases through the Company's ESPP.
Convertible Preferred Stock
Convertible Preferred Stock: On October 1, 2025, the Company issued Series A Non-Voting Preferred Stock and each 1/1,000th of a share of Series A preferred stock is convertible into one share of Seacoast common stock, subject to certain restrictions. Holders of Series A preferred stock are entitled to receive ratable dividends when dividends are concurrently declared and payable on the shares of Seacoast common stock. See "Note 17 - Business Combinations," for further detail.
ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (ASC 480-10-S99-3A) requires preferred stock that is redeemable for cash or other assets to be classified outside of permanent equity if it is redeemable (i) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (ii) at the option of the holder, or (iii) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the issuer. The terms of the convertible preferred stock provide for the convertible preferred shares to receive the same form and amount of consideration, if any, as the holders of common stock in the event of a change in control of the Company. No such event is considered probable; however, because the terms may result in settlement in cash or other non-equity consideration upon an event outside of the Company's control, the convertible preferred stock does not meet the criteria for permanent equity classification, and management has determined it should instead be classified outside of permanent equity under ASC 480.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-Based Compensation: For RSAs, which generally vest based on continued service with the Company, the deferred compensation is measured as the fair value of the shares on the date of grant, and the deferred compensation is amortized as salaries and wages expense in accordance with the applicable vesting schedule, generally straight-line over three years. Some award shares vest based upon the Company achieving certain performance goals and the amortization expense recorded within salaries and wages is based on an estimate of the most likely results on a straight line basis. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with market assumptions. The fair value is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, generally five years. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
Income Taxes Income Taxes: Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and their related tax bases and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are in effect. A valuation allowance is recognized for a DTA if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the DTA will not be realized. The effect on DTAs and liabilities of a change in rates is recognized as income or expense in the period in which the change occurs.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards and Issued Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires disclosure of specific categories in the income tax rate reconciliation and requires additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The standard requires an annual disclosure of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold. The standard was adopted by the Company effective January 1, 2025 and the required disclosures are included in “Note 12 - Income Taxes” and the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows beginning with the Company's Annual Report on this Form 10-K.
Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. ASU 2024-03 requires disclosure of disaggregated prescribed expenses within relevant income statement captions. The standard is effective for fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the changes to its existing disclosures.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-08, Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans. ASU 2025-08 requires that purchased seasoned loans be accounted for using the gross-up approach. The gross-up approach requires recognition of an ACL for the estimate of credit losses at the acquisition date. The ACL is recorded with an offsetting gross-up adjustment to the purchase price of the acquired financial asset. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted; however, the Company did not early adopt the standard as of December 31, 2025.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements. ASU 2025-09 introduces five targeted improvements to better align hedge accounting with entities’ risk management activities. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company is evaluating the impact of the changes to its consolidated financial statements and existing disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. ASU 2025-11 clarifies interim disclosure requirements and provides a comprehensive list of interim disclosures that are required by GAAP. The ASU also include a disclosure principle that requires entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. The standard is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is evaluating the impact of the changes to its consolidated financial statements and existing disclosures.