UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
For the fiscal year ended December 31 , 2025
For the transition period from _______ to _________
Commission File No. 0-13660
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | |||||||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
☐ Yes ☒ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | |||||||||
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |||||||||
Emerging growth company | |||||||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No
The aggregate market value of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida common stock, par value $0.10 per share, held by non-affiliates, computed by reference to the price at which the stock was last sold on June 30, 2025, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, was approximately $2.4 billion. The number of shares of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida common stock, par value $0.10 per share, outstanding as of January 31, 2026, was 97,958,734 .
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2026 Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference into Part III, Items 10 through 14 of this report. Other than those portions of the 2026 Proxy Statement specifically incorporated by reference herein pursuant to Items 10 through 14, no other portions of the 2026 Proxy Statement shall be deemed so incorporated.
Part I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Glossary of Defined Terms | ||||||||||||||
| Term | Definition | Term | Definition | |||||||||||
| ACH | Automated clearing house | FinCEN | Financial Crimes Enforcement Network | |||||||||||
| ACL | Allowance for credit losses | FRB | Federal Reserve Board | |||||||||||
| AFS | Available-for-sale | FTE | Fully taxable equivalent | |||||||||||
| AI | Artificial intelligence | GAAP | Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America | |||||||||||
| AML | Anti-money laundering | Heartland | Heartland Bancshares, Inc. | |||||||||||
| AOCI | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | HELOC | Home equity line of credit | |||||||||||
| ARM | Adjustable-rate mortgage | HTM | Held-to-maturity | |||||||||||
| ASC | Accounting Standards Codification | IRLC | Interest Rate Lock Commitment | |||||||||||
| ASU | Accounting Standards Update | ITC | Information Technology Committee | |||||||||||
| ATM | Automated teller machine | LIHTC | Low income housing tax credit | |||||||||||
| BHC | Bank Holding Company | LTV | Loan-to-value | |||||||||||
| BOLI | Bank owned life insurance | Moody's | Moody's Analytics | |||||||||||
| CDI | Core deposit intangibles | MSA | Metropolitan statistical area | |||||||||||
| CECL | Current expected credit losses | MSR | Mortgage servicing rights | |||||||||||
| CEO | Chief Executive Officer | NASDAQ | NASDAQ Global Select Market | |||||||||||
| CET1 | Common equity tier 1 | NAV | Net Asset Value | |||||||||||
| CFO | Chief Financial Officer | NIST | National Institute of Standards and Technology | |||||||||||
| CFPB | Consumer Financial Protection Bureau | NPA | Nonperforming asset | |||||||||||
| CISO | Chief Information Security Office | OCC | Office of the Comptroller of the Currency | |||||||||||
| CLO | Collateralized loan obligations | OFAC | Office of Foreign Assets Control | |||||||||||
| CRA | Community Reinvestment Act | OREO | Other real estate owned | |||||||||||
| CRE | Commercial Real Estate | PCAOB | Public Company Accounting Oversight Board | |||||||||||
| CODM | Chief operating decision maker | PCD | Purchased credit deteriorated | |||||||||||
| CRO | Chief Risk Officer | PPP | Paycheck Protection Program | |||||||||||
| DIF | Deposit Insurance Fund | Professional | Professional Holding Corp. | |||||||||||
| Dodd-Frank Act | Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act | REIT | Real estate investment trust | |||||||||||
| DOJ | Department of Justice | ROA | Return on average assets | |||||||||||
| DTA | Deferred tax asset | ROE | Return on average equity | |||||||||||
| ECOA | Equal Credit Opportunity Act | ROTE | Return on average tangible equity | |||||||||||
| EPS | Earnings per share | ROUA | Right-of-use asset | |||||||||||
| ERM | Enterprise Risk Management | RSA | Restricted stock award | |||||||||||
| ERMC | Enterprise Risk Management Committee | RSU | Restricted stock unit | |||||||||||
| ESG | Environmental, social and governance | SBA | Small Business Administration | |||||||||||
| ESPP | Employee Stock Purchase Plan | SBIC | Small business investment companies | |||||||||||
| EVE | Economic value of equity | SEC | Securities and Exchange Commission | |||||||||||
| FASB | Financial Accounting Standards Board | SERP | Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan | |||||||||||
| FDIC | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation | SOFR | Secured Overnight Financing Rate | |||||||||||
| FDICIA | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 | TBA | To-Be-Announced | |||||||||||
| FFIEC | Federal Financial Institution Examination Council | TBM | Troubled borrower modification | |||||||||||
| FHLB | Federal Home Loan Bank | VBI | Villages Bancorporation, Inc. | |||||||||||
| FHA | Fair Housing Act | XBRL | eXtensible Business Reporting Language | |||||||||||
| FICO | Fair Isaac Corporation (credit score) | |||||||||||||
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SPECIAL CAUTIONARY NOTICE
REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements made or incorporated by reference herein which are not statements of historical fact, including those under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere herein, are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning, and protections, of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to the Company's beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, anticipations, assumptions, estimates, and intentions about future performance, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may be beyond the Company's control, and which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (“Seacoast” or the “Company”) or its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, Seacoast National Bank (“Seacoast Bank”), to be materially different from those set forth in the forward-looking statements.
All statements other than statements of historical fact could be forward-looking statements. You can identify these forward-looking statements through the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “should,” “support,” “indicate,” “would,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “continue,” “further,” “plan,” “point to,” “project,” “could,” “intend,” “target” or other similar words and expressions of the future. These forward-looking statements may not be realized due to a variety of factors, including, without limitation:
•The impact of current and future economic and market conditions generally (including seasonality) and in the financial services industry, nationally and within Seacoast’s primary market areas, including the effects of continued inflationary pressures, changes in interest rates, tariffs or trade wars (including reduced consumer spending, supply chain issues, and adverse impacts to credit quality), slowdowns in economic growth or recession, and the potential for high unemployment rates, as well as the financial stress on borrowers and changes to customer and client behavior and credit risk as a result of the foregoing;
•Potential impacts of adverse developments in the banking industry or as encountered by other financial institutions that adversely affect Seacoast and including impacts on customer confidence, deposit outflows, liquidity and the regulatory response thereto (including increases in the cost of our deposit insurance assessments), the Company’s ability to effectively manage its liquidity risk and any growth plans, and the availability of capital and funding;
•Governmental monetary and fiscal policies, including interest rate policies of the FRB, as well as risks related to legislative, tax and regulatory changes, including those that impact the money supply and inflation;
•The risks of changes in interest rates on the level and composition of deposits (as well as the cost of, and competition for, deposits), loan demand, liquidity and the values of loan collateral, securities, and interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities;
•Interest rate risks (including the impact of interest rates on macroeconomic conditions, customer and client behavior, and on our net interest income), sensitivities, and the shape of the yield curve;
•The risks relating to bank acquisitions, including the merger with VBI, which include, without limitation: the diversion of management's time on issues related to the integration; unexpected transaction costs, including the costs of integrating operations; the risks that the businesses will not be integrated successfully or that such integration may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected; the potential failure to fully or timely realize expected revenues and revenue synergies, including as the result of revenues following acquisitions being lower than expected; the risk related to the accounting and regulatory capital treatment of the Series A Non-Voting Preferred Stock and the impact on the Company's financial statements; the risk of deposit and customer attrition; regulatory enforcement and litigation risk; any changes in deposit mix; unexpected operating and other costs, which may differ or change from expectations; the risks of customer and employee loss and business disruptions, including, without limitation, as the result of difficulties in maintaining relationships with employees; increased competitive pressures and solicitations of customers by competitors; as well as the difficulties and risks inherent with entering new markets;
•Risks related to our implementation of new lines of business, new products and services, new technologies, and expansion of our existing business opportunities, including entering and/or expanding markets through de novo branching;
•Changes in accounting policies, rules, and practices;
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•Changes in retail distribution strategies, customer preferences and behavior generally and as a result of economic factors, including heightened or persistent inflation;
•Changes in borrower credit risks and payment behaviors, and changes in the availability and cost of credit and capital in the financial markets;
•Changes in the prices, values and sales volumes of residential and CRE, especially as they relate to the value of collateral supporting the Company’s loans;
•The Company’s concentration in CRE loans and in real estate collateral in Florida;
•Seacoast's ability to comply with any regulatory requirements and the risk that the regulatory environment may not be conducive to or may prohibit or delay the consummation of future mergers and/or business combinations, may increase the length of time and amount of resources required to consummate such transactions, and may reduce the anticipated benefit;
•Inaccuracies or other failures from the use of models, including the failure of assumptions and estimates (including with respect to our financial statements), as well as differences in, and changes to, economic, market and credit conditions;
•The impact on the valuation of Seacoast’s investments due to market volatility or counterparty payment risk, as well as the effect of a decline in stock market prices on our fee income from our wealth management business;
•Statutory and regulatory dividend restrictions;
•Increases in regulatory capital requirements for banking organizations generally;
•Changes in technology or products that may be more difficult, costly, or less effective than anticipated;
•The timely development and acceptance of new products and services as well as risks (including reputational and litigation) attendant thereto, and perceived overall value of these products and services by users;
•Risks associated with the development and use of artificial intelligence;
•The Company’s ability to identify and address increased cybersecurity risks, including those impacting vendors and other third parties which may be exacerbated by developments in generative artificial intelligence;
•Fraud or misconduct by internal or external parties, which Seacoast may not be able to prevent, detect or mitigate;
•Inability of Seacoast’s risk management framework to manage risks associated with the Company’s business;
•Dependence on key suppliers or vendors to obtain equipment or services for the business on acceptable terms;
•Reduction in or the termination of Seacoast’s ability to use the online- or mobile-based platform that is critical to the Company’s business growth strategy;
•The effects of war, regime change, civil unrest, or other conflicts, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, including hurricanes in the Company's footprint, health emergencies, epidemics or pandemics, or other catastrophic events that may affect general economic conditions and/or increase costs, including, but not limited to, property and casualty and other insurance costs;
•Seacoast’s ability to maintain adequate internal controls over financial reporting;
•Potential or actual claims, damages, penalties, fines, costs, unexpected outcomes, and reputational damage resulting from new, existing, pending, or future litigation, regulatory proceedings and enforcement actions;
•The risks that DTAs could be reduced if estimates of future taxable income from the Company’s operations and tax planning strategies are less than currently estimated, the results of tax audit findings, challenges to our tax positions, or adverse changes or interpretations of tax laws;
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•The effects of competition (including the inability to grow, or attrition of, deposits, customers and employees) from other commercial banks, thrifts, mortgage banking firms, consumer finance companies, credit unions, non-bank financial technology providers, securities brokerage firms, insurance companies, private credit funds, money market and other mutual funds and other financial institutions;
•The failure of assumptions underlying the establishment of reserves for expected credit losses;
•Impairment of our goodwill or other intangible assets;
•Risks related to, and the costs associated with ESG and anti-ESG matters, including the scope and pace of related rulemaking activity, disclosure requirements and potential litigation and enforcement;
•Action or inaction by the federal government, including as a result of any prolonged government shutdown or government intervention in the U.S. financial system;
•Legislative, regulatory or supervisory actions related to so‑called “de‑banking,” including any new prohibitions, requirements or enforcement priorities that could affect customer relationships, compliance obligations, or operational practices;
•A deterioration of the credit rating for U.S. long-term sovereign debt, actions that the U.S. government may take to avoid exceeding the debt ceiling, and uncertainties surrounding the federal budget and economic policy, including the impact of tariffs and trade policies;
•The risk that balance sheet, revenue growth, and loan growth expectations may differ from actual results; and
•Other factors and risks described under “Risk Factors” herein and in any of the Company's subsequent reports filed with the SEC and available on its website at www.sec.gov.
All written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to Seacoast are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary notice. The Company assumes no obligation to update, revise or correct any forward-looking statements that are made from time to time, either as a result of future developments, new information or otherwise, except as may be required by law.
| Item 1. | Business | ||||
Overview
Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (“Seacoast” or the “Company”) is a financial holding company, incorporated in Florida in 1983, and registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHC Act”). Its principal subsidiary is Seacoast National Bank, a wholly-owned national banking association (“Seacoast Bank”) chartered in 1926. As of December 31, 2025, Seacoast had total consolidated assets of $20.8 billion, total deposits of $16.3 billion, total consolidated liabilities, including deposits, of $17.8 billion, consolidated convertible preferred stock of $0.3 billion, and consolidated shareholders’ equity of $2.7 billion.
Seacoast Bank is one of the largest banks headquartered in Florida, with an expanding presence in the state's fastest growing markets, each of which has unique characteristics and opportunities. This growth has been achieved through a balanced strategy consisting of organic growth and opportunistic acquisitions. The Company provides integrated financial services including commercial and consumer banking, wealth management, mortgage and insurance services to customers through advanced mobile and online banking solutions, and through Seacoast Bank's network of 104 full-service branches.
The Company’s legal structure includes wholly-owned subsidiaries through which the Company manages investments and foreclosed properties. Through one of these subsidiaries, Seacoast Bank has a controlling interest in a REIT. Unrelated investors own a non-controlling interest in the preferred stock of the REIT. Seacoast Bank provides brokerage and annuity services through an affiliation with a third party broker/dealer, LPL Financial. Nature Coast Insurance, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Seacoast, facilitates access for the Company to provide customers with a range of insurance products. The Company also operates seven trusts, formed for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities, as described in "Note 9 - Borrowings” in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.
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Available Information
The Company's principal offices are located at 815 Colorado Avenue, Stuart, Florida 34994, and the telephone number at that address is (772) 287-4000. The Company and Seacoast Bank maintain websites at www.seacoastbanking.com and www.seacoastbank.com, respectively. The information on these websites is not part of this report and neither of these websites nor the information appearing on these websites is included or incorporated in this report.
Seacoast makes available, free of charge on its corporate website, its Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.
Also available on the Company's website are its Code of Conduct, Corporate Governance Guidelines, the charter of each active committee of the Board of Directors, and other materials outlining the Company's corporate governance practices.
Market and Competition
Seacoast has continued expanding the franchise and strengthening its competitive position throughout Florida and beyond with acquisitions and new market launches, including its first location outside Florida, in Woodstock, Georgia. In October of 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of VBI, expanding the Company’s presence in North Central Florida and into The Villages® community. In July 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of Heartland, adding four branches in Central Florida.
Seacoast operates in a highly competitive environment, and Seacoast Bank's competition includes not only other banks, but also various other non-bank financial institutions, including savings and loan associations, credit unions, mortgage companies, personal and commercial financial companies, peer-to-peer lending businesses, financial technology companies, investment brokerage and financial advisory firms and mutual fund companies. Seacoast Bank competes for deposits, commercial, fiduciary and investment services and various types of loans and other financial services. Seacoast Bank also competes for interest-bearing funds with other financial intermediaries, including brokerage and insurance firms, as well as investment alternatives, including mutual funds, governmental and corporate bonds, and other securities. Continued consolidation, rapid technological changes, and regulatory developments within the financial services industry will likely change the nature and intensity of Seacoast's competition in the financial services sector, but should also create opportunities for the Company to demonstrate and leverage its competitive advantages.
Competitors include not only financial institutions based in Florida, but also large out-of-state and foreign banks, bank holding companies and other financial institutions that have an established market presence in Florida or that offer internet-based products. Many of the Company's competitors are engaged in local, regional, national and international operations and have greater assets, personnel and other resources. Some of these competitors are subject to less regulation and/or more favorable tax treatment. Many of these institutions have greater resources, broader geographic markets and higher lending limits, and may offer services that the Company does not offer. In addition, these institutions may be able to better afford and make broader use of media advertising, support services, and electronic and other technology. To offset these potential competitive disadvantages, the Company depends on its reputation for superior service, ability to make credit and other business decisions quickly, and the delivery of an integrated distribution of traditional branches and bankers, with digital technology.
Human Capital
As of December 31, 2025, the Company and its subsidiaries employed 1,962 full time-equivalent employees. Our associates are not represented by a collective bargaining agreement, and we believe our relationship with our associates is strong.
Professional Development and Employee Engagement
Seacoast offers comprehensive training and development programs to provide professional growth opportunities and career paths for our associates, and offers tuition reimbursement to promote continued professional education. For example, the Seacoast Manager Excellence Program, which was recognized by American Banker, supports associates as they progress from individual contributor to manager, focusing on creating purpose, driving results, developing talent, and leading change. To ensure that we are meeting associates’ expectations, we conduct an Employee Engagement Survey each year. The results of the survey and the process of continuous improvement are discussed with the Board at least annually. In 2025, 95% of associates participated in the annual engagement survey, with an overall associate engagement score of 85%, which is 16 percentage points higher than similarly-sized companies, 12 percentage points higher than the Banking industry and 10 percentage points higher than the Finance industry benchmarks.
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Associate Health and Well-Being
We strive to offer competitive compensation and employee benefits including, among others, paid vacation time, medical, dental and vision insurance benefits, a 401(k) plan with company match, and an ESPP. Seacoast also provides associates with access to a variety of resources to address personal and financial health and wellness. Comprehensive Employee Assistance Plan resources are accessible to all associates, addressing a wide range of topics from substance abuse to child and elder care resources. Associates are encouraged to balance their physical fitness with their work life, with a Company reimbursement for a portion of fitness center memberships. We also offer financial planning resources for help with student debt, retirement planning and one-on-one financial planning sessions to all associates.
Supervision and Regulation
The Company is extensively regulated under federal and state law. The following is a brief summary that does not purport to be a complete description of all regulations that affect the Company or all aspects of those regulations. This discussion is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular statutory and regulatory provisions described below and is not intended to be an exhaustive description of the statutes or regulations applicable to the Company’s and Seacoast Bank’s business. In addition, proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the banking industry are frequently raised at both the state and federal levels. The likelihood and timing of any changes in these laws and regulations, and the impact such changes may have on the Company and Seacoast Bank, are difficult to predict. In addition, bank regulatory agencies may issue enforcement actions, policy statements, interpretive letters and similar written guidance applicable to the Company or Seacoast Bank. Changes in applicable laws, regulations or regulatory guidance, or their interpretation by regulatory agencies or courts may have a material adverse effect on the Company's and Seacoast Bank’s business, operations, and earnings. Supervision and regulation of banks, their holding companies and affiliates is intended primarily for the protection of depositors and customers, the DIF of the FDIC, and the U.S. banking and financial system rather than protection for the holders of the Company's capital stock.
Regulation of the Company: The Company is registered as a BHC with the Federal Reserve Bank under the BHC Act and has elected to be a financial holding company. As such, the Company is subject to comprehensive supervision and regulation by the Federal Reserve and to its regulatory reporting requirements. Federal law subjects financial holding companies, such as Seacoast, to particular restrictions on the types of activities in which they may engage, and to a range of supervisory requirements and activities, including regulatory enforcement actions for violations of laws and regulations. Violations of laws and regulations, or other unsafe and unsound practices, may lead to regulatory agencies imposing fines or penalties, cease and desist orders, or taking other enforcement actions. Under certain circumstances, these agencies may enforce these remedies directly against officers, directors, employees and other parties participating in the affairs of a bank or BHC.
If we become subject to and are unable to comply with the terms of any future regulatory actions or directives, supervisory agreements, or orders, then we could become subject to additional, heightened supervisory actions and orders, possibly including consent orders, prompt corrective action restrictions and/or other regulatory actions, including prohibitions on the payment of dividends on our common and preferred stock. If our regulators were to take such additional supervisory actions, then we could, among other things, become subject to significant restrictions on our ability to develop any new business, as well as restrictions on our existing business, and we could be required to raise additional capital, dispose of certain assets and liabilities within a prescribed period of time, or both. The terms of any such supervisory action could have a material negative effect on our business, reputation, operating flexibility, financial condition, and the value of our common stock.
Activity Limitations: As a financial holding company, Seacoast is permitted to engage directly or indirectly in a broader range of activities than those permitted for a BHC. BHCs are generally restricted to engaging in the business of banking, managing or controlling banks and certain other activities determined by the Federal Reserve to be closely related to banking. Financial holding companies may also engage in activities that are considered to be financial in nature, as well as those incidental or, if so determined by the FRB, complementary to financial activities. The Company and Seacoast Bank must each remain “well-capitalized” and “well-managed” and Seacoast Bank must receive a CRA rating of at least “Satisfactory” at its most recent examination in order for the Company to maintain its status as a financial holding company. In addition, the FRB has the power to order a financial holding company or its subsidiaries to terminate any non-banking activity or terminate its ownership or control of any non-bank subsidiary, when it has reasonable cause to believe that continuation of such activity or such ownership or control constitutes a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness, or stability of any bank subsidiary of that financial holding company. As further described below, each of the Company and Seacoast Bank is well-capitalized as of December 31, 2025, and Seacoast Bank achieved a rating of “Outstanding” in its most recent CRA evaluation.
Source of Strength Obligations: As a BHC, we are required to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to Seacoast Bank and to maintain resources adequate to support it. The term “source of financial strength” means the ability to provide financial assistance in the event of financial distress. As regulator of Seacoast Bank, the OCC may require reports from the
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Company to assess its ability to serve as a source of strength and the FRB may enforce compliance with the source of strength requirements and require the Company to provide financial assistance to Seacoast Bank in the event of financial distress.
Acquisitions: The BHC Act permits acquisitions of banks by bank holding companies, such that Seacoast and any other BHC, whether located in Florida or elsewhere, may acquire a bank located in any other state, subject to certain deposit-percentages, age of bank charter requirements, and other restrictions. The BHC Act requires that a BHC obtain the prior approval of the FRB before (i) acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any additional bank or BHC, (ii) taking any action that causes an additional bank or BHC to become a subsidiary of the BHC, or (iii) merging or consolidating with any other BHC. The FRB may not approve any such transaction that would result in a monopoly or would be in furtherance of any combination or conspiracy to monopolize or attempt to monopolize the business of banking in any section of the United States, or the effect of which may be substantially to lessen competition or to tend to create a monopoly in any section of the country, or that in any other manner would be in restraint of trade, unless the anticompetitive effects of the proposed transaction are clearly outweighed in the public interest by the probable effect of the transaction meeting the convenience and needs of the community to be served. The FRB is also required to consider: (1) the financial and managerial resources of the companies involved, including pro forma capital ratios; (2) the risk to the stability of the United States banking or financial system; (3) the convenience and needs of the communities to be served, including performance under the CRA; and (4) the effectiveness of the companies in combating money laundering.
Change in Control: Federal law restricts the amount of voting stock of a BHC or a bank that a person may acquire without the prior approval of banking regulators. Under the Change in Bank Control Act and the regulations thereunder, a person or group must give advance notice to the FRB before acquiring control of any BHC, such as Seacoast, and the OCC before acquiring control of any national bank, such as Seacoast Bank. Upon receipt of such notice, the bank regulatory agencies may approve or disapprove the acquisition. The Change in Bank Control Act creates a rebuttable presumption of control if a person or group acquires the power to vote 10% or more of the Company's outstanding common stock. The overall effect of such laws is to make it more difficult to acquire a BHC and a bank by tender offer or similar means than it might be to acquire control of another type of corporation. Consequently, shareholders of the Company may be less likely to benefit from the rapid increases in stock prices that may result from tender offers or similar efforts to acquire control of other companies. Investors should be aware of these requirements when acquiring shares of the Company's stock.
Governance and Financial Reporting Obligations: Seacoast is required to comply with various corporate governance and financial reporting requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules and regulations adopted by the SEC, the PCAOB, and the NASDAQ stock exchange. In particular, the Company is required to include management and independent registered public accounting firm reports on internal controls as part of its Annual Report on Form 10-K in order to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company has evaluated its controls, including compliance with the SEC rules on internal controls, and has and expects to continue to spend significant amounts of time and money on compliance with these rules. Failure to comply with these internal control rules may materially adversely affect the Company's reputation, its ability to obtain the necessary certifications to financial statements, and the value of the Company's securities. The assessments of the Company's financial reporting controls as of December 31, 2025 are included in this report under “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.”
Corporate Governance: The Dodd-Frank Act addressed many investor protection, corporate governance, and executive compensation matters that affect most U.S. publicly traded companies. The Dodd-Frank Act: (1) granted shareholders of U.S. publicly traded companies an advisory vote on executive compensation; (2) enhanced independence requirements for Compensation Committee members; and (3) required companies listed on national securities exchanges to adopt incentive-based compensation claw-back policies for executive officers.
Incentive Compensation: The Dodd-Frank Act required the banking agencies and the SEC to establish joint rules or guidelines for financial institutions with more than $1 billion in assets, which prohibit incentive compensation arrangements that the agencies determine to encourage inappropriate risks by the institution. The federal banking agencies issued proposed rules in 2011 and issued guidance on sound incentive compensation policies. In 2016, the federal banking agencies also proposed rules that would, depending upon the assets of the institution, directly regulate incentive compensation arrangements and would require enhanced oversight and recordkeeping. In May 2024, these proposed rules were reintroduced, with public comment requested. As of December 31, 2025, these rules have not been implemented. The Company and Seacoast Bank have undertaken efforts to ensure that their incentive compensation plans do not encourage inappropriate risks and that policies are in place to provide for recovery (i.e., "clawback") of erroneously awarded incentive compensation, consistent with three key principles: that incentive compensation arrangements should appropriately balance risk and financial rewards, be compatible with effective controls and risk management, and be supported by strong corporate governance.
Shareholder Say-On-Pay Votes: The Dodd-Frank Act requires public companies to provide shareholders with an advisory vote on executive compensation (known as say-on-pay votes), the frequency of a say-on-pay vote, and the golden parachutes
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available to executives in connection with change-in-control transactions. Public companies must give shareholders the opportunity to vote on say-on-pay proposals at least every three years and the opportunity to vote on the frequency of say-on-pay votes at least every six years, indicating whether the say-on-pay vote should be held annually, biennially, or triennially. The Company has annually included in the proxy statement a separate advisory vote on the compensation paid to executives. The say-on-pay, the say-on-parachute and the say-on-frequency votes are advisory and explicitly nonbinding and cannot override a decision of the Company's Board of Directors.
Volcker Rule: Section 13 of the BHC Act, commonly referred to as the “Volcker Rule,” generally prohibits banking organizations with greater than $10 billion in assets from (i) engaging in certain proprietary trading, and (ii) acquiring or retaining an ownership interest in or sponsoring a “covered fund,” all subject to certain exceptions. The Volcker Rule also specifies certain limited activities in which bank holding companies and their subsidiaries may continue to engage and requires banking organizations to implement compliance programs. The Company became subject to the Volcker Rule effective January 1, 2024, and this had no material effect on the Company's activities or operations.
Other Regulatory Matters: The Company and its subsidiaries are also subject to oversight by the SEC, the PCAOB, the NASDAQ stock exchange and various state securities and insurance regulators. The Company and its subsidiaries have from time to time received requests for information from regulatory authorities in various states, including state attorneys general, securities regulators and other regulatory authorities, concerning business practices. Such requests are considered incidental to the normal conduct of business.
Capital Requirements: The Company and Seacoast Bank are required under federal law to maintain certain minimum capital levels based on ratios of capital to total assets and capital to risk-weighted assets. The required capital ratios are minimums, and the FRB and OCC may determine that a banking organization, based on its size, complexity or risk profile, must maintain a higher level of capital in order to operate in a safe and sound manner. Risks such as concentration of credit risks and the risk arising from non-traditional activities, as well as the institution’s exposure to a decline in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates, and an institution’s ability to manage those risks are key factors that are to be taken into account in assessing an institution’s overall capital adequacy. The following is a brief description of the relevant provisions of these capital rules and their potential impact on the Company's and Seacoast Bank's capital levels.
The Company and Seacoast Bank are subject to the following risk-based capital ratios: a CET1 risk-based capital ratio, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, which includes CET1 and additional Tier 1 capital, and a total risk-based capital ratio, which includes Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital. CET1 is primarily comprised of the sum of common stock instruments and related surplus net of treasury stock, plus retained earnings, and certain qualifying minority interests, less certain adjustments and deductions, including with respect to goodwill, intangible assets, MSR and DTAs subject to temporary timing differences. Additional Tier 1 capital is primarily comprised of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, tier 1 minority interests, and grandfathered trust preferred securities. Tier 2 capital consists of instruments disqualified from Tier 1 capital, including qualifying subordinated debt, other preferred stock and certain hybrid capital instruments, and a limited amount of loan loss reserves up to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, subject to certain eligibility criteria. The capital rules also define the risk-weights assigned to assets and off-balance sheet items to determine the risk-weighted asset components of the risk-based capital rules, including, for example, “high volatility” CRE, past due assets, structured securities and equity holdings.
The leverage capital ratio, which serves as a minimum capital standard, is the ratio of Tier 1 capital to quarterly average total consolidated assets net of goodwill, certain other intangible assets, and certain required deduction items. The required minimum leverage ratio for all banks and bank holding companies is 4%.
In addition, the capital rules require a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% above each of the minimum risk-based capital ratio requirements (CET1, Tier 1 and total risk-based capital), which is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress. These buffer requirements must be met for a bank or BHC to be able to pay dividends, engage in share buybacks or make discretionary bonus payments to executive management without restriction.
FDICIA, among other things, requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to take “prompt corrective action” regarding depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. FDICIA establishes five regulatory capital tiers: “well-capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized,” and “critically undercapitalized.” A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare to various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. FDICIA imposes progressively more restrictive restraints on operations, management and capital distributions, depending on the category in which an institution is classified. FDICIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distribution (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized.
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Seacoast Bank is subject to minimum ratios to be considered well-capitalized. The FRB has not yet revised the well-capitalized standard for bank holding companies to reflect the higher capital requirements imposed under the current capital rules. For purposes of the FRB’s Regulation Y, including determining whether a BHC meets the requirements to be a financial holding company, bank holding companies, such as the Company, must maintain a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater and a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater to be well-capitalized. If the FRB were to apply the same or a similar well-capitalized standard to bank holding companies as that applicable to Seacoast Bank, the Company’s capital ratios as of December 31, 2025 would exceed such revised well-capitalized standard. Also, the FRB may require bank holding companies, including the Company, to maintain capital ratios substantially in excess of mandated minimum levels, depending upon general economic conditions and a BHC’s particular condition, risk profile and growth plans.
Failure to be well-capitalized or to meet minimum capital requirements could result in certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have an adverse material effect on the operations or financial condition of the Company or Seacoast Bank. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements could also result in restrictions on the Company’s or Seacoast Bank’s ability to pay dividends or otherwise distribute capital or to receive regulatory approval of applications or other restrictions on growth.
In 2025, the Company’s and Seacoast Bank’s regulatory capital ratios were above the well-capitalized standards and met the capital conservation buffer as of December 31, 2025. Based on current estimates, we believe that the Company and Seacoast Bank will continue to exceed all applicable well-capitalized regulatory capital requirements and the capital conservation buffer in 2026. As of December 31, 2025, the consolidated capital ratios of Seacoast and Seacoast Bank were as follows:
| Seacoast (Consolidated) | Seacoast Bank | Minimum to be Well-Capitalized1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio | 15.89 % | 15.07 % | 10.00 % | |||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | 14.48 | 13.82 | 8.00 | |||||||||||||||||
| CET1 Capital Ratio | 11.54 | 13.82 | 6.50 | |||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | 10.16 | 9.69 | 5.00 | |||||||||||||||||
1For subsidiary bank only | ||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of Dividends: The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from Seacoast Bank and its other subsidiaries. The Company's primary source of cash is dividends from Seacoast Bank. The prior approval of the OCC is required if the total of all dividends declared by a national bank (such as Seacoast Bank) in any calendar year will exceed the sum of such bank’s net profits for that year and its retained net profits for the preceding two calendar years, less any required transfers to surplus. Federal law also prohibits any national bank from paying dividends that would be greater than such bank’s undivided profits after deducting statutory bad debts in excess of such bank’s allowance for possible loan losses.
In addition, the Company and Seacoast Bank are subject to various general regulatory policies and requirements relating to the payment of dividends, including requirements to maintain adequate capital above regulatory minimums. The appropriate federal bank regulatory authority may prohibit the payment of dividends where it has determined that the payment of dividends would be an unsafe or unsound practice. The OCC and the FRB have indicated that paying dividends that deplete a bank’s capital base to an inadequate level would be an unsound and unsafe banking practice. The OCC and the FRB have each indicated that depository institutions and their holding companies should generally pay dividends only out of current operating earnings.
In accordance with FRB policy, the Board of Directors of a BHC must consider different factors to ensure that its dividend level is prudent relative to maintaining a strong financial position, and is not based on overly optimistic earnings scenarios, such as potential events that could affect its ability to pay, while still maintaining a strong financial position. As a general matter, the FRB has indicated that the Board of Directors of a BHC should consult with the FRB and eliminate, defer or significantly reduce the BHC’s dividends if:
•its net income available to shareholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund the dividends;
•its prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with its capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition; or
•it will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, its minimum regulatory capital adequacy ratios.
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The Company has historically relied upon dividends from Seacoast Bank and securities offerings to provide funds to pay the Company’s expenses and to service the Company’s debt. During the year ended December 31, 2025, Seacoast Bank distributed $332.2 million to the Company. Prior approval by the OCC is required if the total of all dividends declared by a national bank in any calendar year exceeds the bank’s profits for that year combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two calendar years. Under this restriction Seacoast Bank is eligible to distribute dividends up to $72.7 million to the Company, without prior OCC approval, as of December 31, 2025.
It is the policy of the FRB that bank holding companies should pay cash dividends on common stock only on income available during the past year, only if prospective earnings retention is consistent with the organization's expected future needs and financial condition, and only if the level of cash dividends does not undermine the BHC's ability to serve as a source of strength to its banking subsidiary. The Company has paid quarterly dividends since the second quarter of 2021. Whether the Company continues to pay quarterly dividends and the amount of any such dividends will be at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors and will depend on the Company's earnings, financial condition, results of operations, business prospects, capital requirements, regulatory restrictions, and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant.
Regulation of the Bank: As a national bank, Seacoast Bank is subject to comprehensive supervision and regulation by the OCC and is subject to its regulatory reporting requirements. Additionally, Seacoast Bank also is subject to certain FRB and FDIC regulations.
Seacoast Bank meets the definition of a “large institution” and is subject to direct supervision by the CFPB for compliance with a wide range of consumer compliance laws, and for assessment of the effectiveness of the Bank's compliance management system. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act permits states to adopt consumer protection laws and regulations that are stricter than those regulations promulgated by the CFPB, and state attorneys general are permitted to enforce certain federal consumer financial protection law.
Broadly, regulations applicable to Seacoast Bank include limitations on loans to a single borrower and to its directors, officers and employees; restrictions on the opening and closing of branch offices; the maintenance of required capital ratios; the granting of credit under equal and fair conditions; the disclosure of the costs and terms of such credit; requirements to maintain reserves against deposits and loans; limitations on the types of investments that may be made by Seacoast Bank; and requirements governing risk management practices. Seacoast Bank is permitted under federal law to open a branch on a de novo basis across state lines where the laws of that state would permit a bank chartered by that state to open a de novo branch.
Transactions with Affiliates and Insiders: Seacoast Bank is subject to restrictions on extensions of credit and certain other transactions between Seacoast Bank and the Company or any non-bank affiliate. Generally, these covered transactions with either the Company or any affiliate are limited to 10% of Seacoast Bank’s capital and surplus, and all such transactions between Seacoast Bank and the Company and all of its non-bank affiliates combined are limited to 20% of Seacoast Bank’s capital and surplus. Loans and other extensions of credit from Seacoast Bank to the Company or any affiliate generally are required to be secured by eligible collateral in specified amounts. In addition, any transaction between Seacoast Bank and the Company or any affiliate are required to be on an arm’s length basis. Federal banking laws also place similar restrictions on certain extensions of credit by insured banks, such as Seacoast Bank, to their directors, executive officers and principal shareholders.
Reserves: FRB rules require depository institutions, such as Seacoast Bank, to maintain reserves against their transaction accounts, primarily interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing checking accounts. Reserve requirement ratios were reduced to zero percent in March 2020, and are subject to annual adjustment by the FRB.
FDIC Insurance Assessments and Depositor Preference: Seacoast Bank’s deposits are insured by the FDIC’s DIF up to the limits under applicable law, which currently are set at $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category. Seacoast Bank is subject to FDIC assessments for its deposit insurance. The FDIC calculates quarterly deposit insurance assessments based on an institution’s average total consolidated assets less its average tangible equity, and applies one of four risk categories determined by reference to its capital levels, supervisory ratings, and certain other factors. The assessment rate schedule can change from time to time, at the discretion of the FDIC, subject to certain limits.
The Federal Deposit Insurance Act requires the FDIC to adopt a restoration plan when the DIF reserve ratio falls below the statutory minimum of 1.35% or is expected to within six months. Such a plan was adopted by the FDIC in 2020 to restore the DIF to at least 1.35% by September 30, 2028. In 2022, based on projections indicating that achievement of the statutory minimum reserve ratio within the required timeframe was at risk, the FDIC amended the restoration plan and increased initial base deposit insurance assessment rates by two basis points, beginning in the first quarter of 2023. In response to the bank failures in early 2023, the FDIC implemented a special assessment to recover the losses to the DIF. The base for the special assessment was equal to an insured depository institution’s estimated uninsured deposits reported as of December 31, 2022,
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adjusted to exclude the first $5 billion. As Seacoast Bank did not have more than $5 billion in uninsured deposits at the measurement date, it was not subject to the special assessment.
Deposit insurance may be terminated by the FDIC upon a finding that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed by a bank’s federal regulatory agency. In addition, the Federal Deposit Insurance Act provides that, in the event of the liquidation or other resolution of an insured depository institution, the claims of depositors of the institution, including the claims of the FDIC on behalf of insured depositors, and certain claims for administrative expenses of the FDIC as a receiver, will have priority over other general unsecured claims against the institution, including those of the parent BHC.
Standards for Safety and Soundness: The Federal Deposit Insurance Act requires the federal bank regulatory agencies to prescribe, by regulation or guideline, operational and managerial standards for all insured depository institutions relating to: (1) internal controls; (2) information systems and audit systems; (3) loan documentation; (4) credit underwriting; (5) interest rate risk exposure; and (6) asset quality. The federal banking agencies have adopted regulations and Interagency Guidelines Establishing Standards for Safety and Soundness to implement these required standards. These guidelines set forth the safety and soundness standards used to identify and address problems at insured depository institutions before capital becomes impaired. Under the regulations, if a regulator determines that a bank fails to meet any standards prescribed by the guidelines, the regulator may require the bank to submit an acceptable plan to achieve compliance, consistent with deadlines for the submission and review of such safety and soundness compliance plans.
Anti-Money Laundering: A continued focus of governmental policy relating to financial institutions in recent years has been combating money laundering and terrorist financing. Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act requires that regulated banks such as Seacoast Bank: (i) establish an AML program that includes training and audit components; (ii) comply with regulations regarding the verification of the identity of any person seeking to open an account; (iii) take additional required precautions with non-U.S. owned accounts; and (iv) perform certain verification and certification of money laundering risk for their foreign correspondent banking relationships. Failure of a financial institution to comply with the USA PATRIOT Act’s requirements could have serious legal and reputational consequences for the institution.
Bank regulators routinely examine institutions for compliance with these obligations and have been active in imposing cease and desist and other regulatory orders and money penalty sanctions against institutions found to be violating these obligations. On January 1, 2021, Congress passed federal legislation that made sweeping changes to federal AML laws, subject to pending implementation by regulatory rulemaking, and on June 30, 2021 FinCEN published the first set of “national AML priorities,” as required by the Bank Secrecy Act, which include, but are not limited to, cybercrime, terrorist financing, fraud, and drug/human trafficking. FinCEN is required to implement regulations to specify how covered financial institutions, such as the Company, should incorporate these national priorities into their AML programs. As of December 31, 2025, no such regulations have been proposed.
Economic Sanctions: The OFAC is responsible for helping to ensure that U.S. entities do not engage in transactions with certain prohibited parties, as defined by various Executive Orders and acts of Congress. OFAC publishes, and routinely updates, lists of names of persons and organizations suspected of aiding, harboring or engaging in terrorist acts, including the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List. If the Company finds a name on any transaction, account or wire transfer that is on an OFAC list, it must undertake certain specified activities, which could include blocking or freezing the account or transaction requested, and it must notify the appropriate authorities.
Concentrations in Lending: In 2006, the federal bank regulatory agencies released guidance on “Concentrations in Commercial Real Estate Lending” (the “Guidance”) and advised financial institutions of the risks posed by CRE lending concentrations. The Guidance requires that appropriate processes be in place to identify, monitor and control risks associated with real estate lending concentrations. Higher allowances for credit losses and capital levels may also be required. The Guidance is triggered when CRE loan concentrations exceed either:
•Total reported loans for construction, land development, and other land of 100% or more of a bank’s total risk-based capital; or
•Total reported loans secured by multifamily and non-farm nonresidential properties and loans for construction, land development, and other land of 300% or more of a bank’s total risk-based capital.
The Guidance also applies when a bank has a sharp increase in CRE loans or has significant concentrations of CRE secured by a particular property type. Seacoast Bank has exposures to loans secured by CRE due to the nature of its markets and the loan needs of both its retail and commercial customers. Seacoast Bank believes that its long-term experience in CRE lending, underwriting policies, internal controls, and other policies currently in place, as well as its loan and credit monitoring and
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administration procedures, are generally appropriate to managing its concentrations as required under the Guidance. At December 31, 2025, Seacoast Bank's construction and land development loans represented approximately 34% of total risk-based capital, well below the Guidance’s threshold. At December 31, 2025, the total CRE exposure for Seacoast Bank represented approximately 227% of total risk- based capital, also below the Guidance’s threshold.
Debit Interchange Fees: Interchange fees, or “swipe” fees, are fees that merchants pay to card companies and card-issuing banks such as Seacoast Bank for processing electronic payment transactions on their behalf. The “Durbin Amendment” in the Dodd-Frank Act limits the amount of debit card interchange fees that may be received or charged by the debit card issuer, and is applicable to insured depository institutions with $10 billion or more in assets (inclusive of affiliates) as of the end of the previous calendar year. The limitations specified by the Durbin Amendment became effective for Seacoast Bank on July 1, 2023.
On October 25, 2023, the FRB issued a proposed rule that would reduce the amount of debit card interchange fees received by debit card issuers. In addition, the proposed rule would allow for an update to the debit card interchange fee cap every other year based on an analysis of certain costs incurred by debit card issuers. If the rule is adopted as currently proposed, it would result in a further reduction to Seacoast Bank's debit card interchange fees.
Community Reinvestment Act: Seacoast Bank is subject to the provisions of the CRA, which imposes a continuing and affirmative obligation, consistent with safe and sound operation, to help meet the credit needs of entire communities where the bank accepts deposits, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. The OCC’s assessment of Seacoast Bank’s CRA record is made available to the public. Following the enactment of the GLBA, CRA agreements with private parties must be disclosed and annual CRA reports must be made to a bank’s primary federal regulator. A BHC is not permitted to become or remain a financial holding company and no new activities authorized under GLBA may be commenced by a holding company or by a bank financial subsidiary if any of its bank subsidiaries receive less than a “Satisfactory” CRA rating in its latest CRA examination. Federal CRA regulations require, among other things, that evidence of discrimination against applicants on a prohibited basis, and illegal or abusive lending practices be considered in the CRA evaluation. Seacoast Bank has a rating of "Outstanding" in its most recent CRA evaluation.
On October 24, 2023, the OCC, FRB, and FDIC issued a final rule to modernize their respective CRA regulations, which would have substantially altered the methodology for assessing compliance with the CRA. The rule introduced metrics-based benchmarking, expanded evaluation of lending outside traditional branch-based assessment areas (such as online and mobile banking), and clarified eligible CRA activities, with major provisions originally scheduled to take effect January 1, 2026 and revised data reporting requirements January 1, 2027. However, implementation was enjoined by a federal court in March 2024, and the agencies have since proposed rescinding the 2023 rule and reverting to the prior CRA framework (from 1995, as updated in 2021). As of now, banks continue to be examined under the existing 1995/2021 regulations, and the 2023 modernization rule is unlikely to be reinstated in its original form.
Privacy and Data Security: The GLBA generally prohibits disclosure of consumer information to non-affiliated third parties unless the consumer has been given the opportunity to object and has not objected to such disclosure. Financial institutions are further required to disclose their privacy policies to customers annually. Financial institutions, however, will be required to comply with state law if it is more protective of consumer privacy than the GLBA. The GLBA also directs federal regulators, including the FDIC and the OCC, to prescribe standards for the security of consumer information. Seacoast Bank is subject to such standards, as well as standards for notifying customers in the event of a security breach. Seacoast Bank is similarly required to have an information security program to safeguard the confidentiality and security of customer information and to ensure proper disposal. Customers must be notified when unauthorized disclosure involves sensitive customer information that may be misused. The federal banking agencies also require banks to notify their regulators within 36 hours of a “computer-security incident” that rises to the level of a “notification incident.”
Consumer Regulation: Activities of Seacoast Bank are subject to a variety of statutes and regulations designed to protect consumers. These laws and regulations include, among numerous other things, provisions that:
•limit the interest and other charges collected or contracted for by Seacoast Bank;
•govern Seacoast Bank’s disclosures of credit terms to consumer borrowers;
•require Seacoast Bank to provide information to enable the public and public officials to determine whether it is fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the community it serves;
•prohibit Seacoast Bank from discriminating on the basis of race, creed or other prohibited factors when it makes decisions to extend credit;
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•govern the manner in which Seacoast Bank may collect consumer debts; and
•prohibit unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices in the provision of consumer financial products and services.
In March 2023, the CFPB issued a final rule to implement Section 1071 of the Dodd-Frank Act, requiring lenders to collect and report information on credit applications from women-owned, minority-owned, and small businesses. Originally scheduled to take effect in stages beginning in 2025, the rule has faced ongoing litigation and operational challenges. In response, the CFPB has proposed significant revisions, including raising the coverage threshold to institutions with at least 1,000 originations over two years, narrowing the definition of “small business” to $1 million in annual revenue, and eliminating several discretionary data points. The proposed compliance date for all covered institutions is January 1, 2028. The Bank is monitoring these developments closely, as the rule remains subject to court challenges and potential further changes.
Mortgage Regulation: The CFPB adopted a rule that implements the ability-to-repay and qualified mortgage provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act (the “ATR/QM rule”), which requires lenders to consider, among other things, income, employment status, assets, payment amounts, and credit history before approving a mortgage, and provides a compliance “safe harbor” for lenders that issue certain “qualified mortgages.” The ATR/QM rule defines a “qualified mortgage” to have certain specified characteristics, and generally prohibits loans with negative amortization, interest-only payments, balloon payments, or terms exceeding 30 years from being qualified mortgages. The rule also establishes general underwriting criteria for qualified mortgages, including that monthly payments be calculated based on the highest payment that will apply in the first five years of the loan and that the borrower have a total debt-to-income ratio that is less than or equal to 43%. While “qualified mortgages” will generally be afforded safe harbor status, a rebuttable presumption of compliance with the ability-to-repay requirements will attach to “qualified mortgages” that are “higher priced mortgages” (which are generally subprime loans).
The CFPB has also issued rules to implement requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act pertaining to mortgage loan origination (including with respect to loan originator compensation and loan originator qualifications) as well as integrated mortgage disclosure rules. In addition, the CFPB has issued rules that require servicers to comply with certain standards and practices with regard to: error correction; information disclosure; force-placement of insurance; information management policies and procedures; requiring information about mortgage loss mitigation options be provided to delinquent borrowers; providing delinquent borrowers access to servicer personnel with continuity of contact about the borrower’s mortgage loan account; and evaluating borrowers’ applications for available loss mitigation options. These rules also address initial rate adjustment notices for ARMs, periodic statements for residential mortgage loans, and prompt crediting of mortgage payments and response to requests for payoff amounts.
Non-Discrimination Policies: Seacoast Bank is also subject to, among other things, the provisions of the ECOA and the FHA, both of which prohibit discrimination based on race or color, religion, national origin, sex, and familial status in any aspect of a consumer or commercial credit or residential real estate transaction. The DOJ and the federal bank regulatory agencies have issued an Interagency Policy Statement on Discrimination in Lending that provides guidance to financial institutions in determining whether discrimination exists, how the agencies will respond to lending discrimination, and what steps lenders might take to prevent discriminatory lending practices.
Anti-Bribery Laws: Federal law prohibits offering or giving a bank official or any third party (or for the bank official to solicit or receive for himself or a third party) "anything of value" other than what is given or offered to the bank itself. Further, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it unlawful to make payments to foreign government officials to assist in obtaining or retaining business. The Company and Seacoast Bank have implemented a Code of Business Ethics that governs the behavior of its officers and employees to ensure compliance with such laws.
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | ||||
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should consider the factors described below, as well as the risk factors and uncertainties discussed in our other public filings with the SEC under the caption “Risk Factors” in evaluating us and our business and making or continuing an investment in our stock. The material risks and uncertainties that management believes affect us are described below. The risks contained in this Form 10-K are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial, also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. The trading price of our securities could decline due to the materialization of any of these risks, and our shareholders may lose all or part of their investment. This Form 10-K also contains forward-looking statements that may not be realized as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, the
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risks described herein and in our other public filings with the SEC. Please refer to the section in this Form 10-K titled “Special Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for additional information regarding forward-looking statements.
Credit Risk
Deterioration in the real estate markets, including the secondary market for residential mortgage loans, can adversely affect us.
A decline in residential real estate market prices or reduced levels of home sales could result in lower single family home values, adversely affecting the liquidity and value of collateral securing commercial loans for residential land acquisition, construction and development, as well as residential mortgage loans and residential property collateral securing loans that we hold, mortgage loan originations and gains on the sale of mortgage loans. Declining real estate prices cause higher delinquencies and losses on certain mortgage loans, generally, and particularly on second lien mortgages and HELOCs. Significant ongoing disruptions in the secondary market for residential mortgage loans can limit the market for and liquidity of most residential mortgage loans other than conforming Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac loans. Deteriorating trends could occur, including declines in real estate values, financial stress on borrowers as a result of job losses or other factors. These could have adverse effects on borrowers that result in higher delinquencies and greater charge-offs in future periods, which would adversely affect our financial condition, including capital and liquidity, or results of operations. In the event our ACL on loans is insufficient to cover such losses, our earnings, capital and liquidity could be adversely affected.
Our real estate portfolios are exposed if weakness in the Florida housing market or general economy arises.
Florida has historically experienced deeper recessions and more dramatic slowdowns in economic activity than other states and a decline in real estate values in Florida may be significantly larger than the national average. Declines in home prices and the volume of home sales in Florida, along with the reduced availability of certain types of mortgage credit, could result in increases in delinquencies and losses in our portfolios of home equity lines and loans, and commercial loans related to residential real estate acquisition, construction and development. Declines in home prices coupled with high or increased unemployment levels or increased interest rates could cause losses which adversely affect our earnings and financial condition, including our capital and liquidity.
Additionally, Florida’s commercial real estate markets may also experience more rapid and more pronounced cyclical fluctuations than national markets, including sharper and faster declines in property values during downturns, which could increase the risk of sudden reductions in our collateral coverage.
We are subject to lending concentration risk.
Our loan portfolio contains several industry and collateral concentrations including, but not limited to, commercial and residential real estate. Due to the exposure in these concentrations, disruptions in markets, economic conditions, changes in laws or regulations or other events could cause a significant impact on the ability of borrowers to repay and may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
A substantial portion of our loan portfolio is secured by real estate. In weak economies, or in areas where real estate market conditions are distressed, we may experience a higher than normal level of nonperforming real estate loans. The collateral value of the portfolio and the revenue stream from those loans could come under stress, and additional provisions for the ACL could be necessitated. Our ability to dispose of foreclosed real estate at prices at or above the respective carrying values could also be impaired, causing additional losses. In addition, declines in collateral liquidity, extended disposition timelines, or higher carrying costs associated with foreclosed properties could further elevate loss severity.
CRE is cyclical and poses risks of loss to us due to our concentration levels and risk of the asset, especially during a difficult economy, including the current stressed economy. As of December 31, 2025, 50% of our loan portfolio was comprised of loans secured by CRE. The banking regulators continue to give CRE lending greater scrutiny, and banks with higher levels of CRE loans are expected to implement improved underwriting, internal controls, risk management policies and portfolio stress testing, as well as higher levels of allowances for expected losses and capital levels as a result of CRE lending growth and exposures.
Seacoast Bank has a CRE concentration risk management program and monitors its exposure to CRE; however, there can be no assurance that the program will be effective in managing our concentration in CRE.
NPAs could result in an increase in our provision for credit losses on loans, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
At December 31, 2025, our nonaccrual loans totaled $72.0 million or 0.57% of the loan portfolio and our NPAs (which includes nonaccrual loans) were $76.3 million or 0.37% of total assets. In addition, we had approximately $33.2 million in accruing
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loans that were 30 days or more delinquent at December 31, 2025. Our NPAs adversely affect our net income in various ways. We generally do not record interest income on nonaccrual loans, thereby adversely affecting our income, and increasing our loan administration costs. When the only source of repayment expected is the underlying collateral, we are required to mark the related loan to the then fair market value of the collateral, if less than the recorded amount of our investment, which may result in a loss. These loans also increase our risk profile and the capital our regulators believe is appropriate in light of such risks. We may incur additional losses relating to an increase in nonperforming loans. If economic conditions and market factors negatively and/or disproportionately affect some of our larger loans, then we could see a sharp increase in our total net charge-offs and our provision for credit losses on loans. Any increase in our NPAs and related increases in our provision for losses on loans could negatively affect our business and could have a material adverse effect on our capital, financial condition and results of operations.
Decreases in the value of these assets, or the underlying collateral, or in these borrowers’ performance or financial conditions, whether or not due to economic and market conditions beyond our control, could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, the resolution of NPAs requires significant commitments of time from management and our personnel, which can be detrimental to the performance of their other responsibilities. There can be no assurance that we will not experience increases in nonperforming loans in the future, or that NPAs will not result in losses in the future.
Our ACL on loans may prove inadequate or we may be adversely affected by credit risk exposures.
Our business depends on the creditworthiness of our customers. We review our ACL on loans for adequacy, at a minimum quarterly, considering economic conditions and trends, reasonable and supportable forecasts, collateral values and credit quality indicators, including past charge-off experience and levels of past due loans and NPAs. The determination of the appropriate level of the ACL involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and requires us to make significant estimates of current credit risks and future trends, all of which may undergo material changes. We cannot be certain that our allowance will be adequate over time to cover credit losses in our portfolio because of unanticipated adverse changes in the economy, market conditions or events adversely affecting specific customers, industries or markets, or borrowers repaying their loans. Generally, the credit quality of our borrowers may deteriorate as a result of economic downturns in our markets. For example, inflation could lead to increased costs to our customers, making it more difficult for them to repay their loans or other obligations, increasing our credit risk. If the credit quality of our customer base or their debt service behavior materially decreases, if the risk profile of a market, industry or group of customers declines or weakness in the real estate markets and other economics were to arise, or if our ACL on loans is not adequate, our business, financial condition, including our liquidity and capital, and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In addition, bank regulatory agencies periodically review our allowance and may require an increase in the provision for credit losses or the recognition of loan charge-offs, based on judgments different than those of management. If charge-offs in future periods exceed the ACL on loans, we will need additional provisions to increase the allowance, which would result in a decrease in net income and capital, and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Interest Rate Risk
We must effectively manage our interest rate risk. The impact of changing interest rates on our results is difficult to predict and changes in interest rates may impact our performance in ways we cannot predict.
Our profitability is largely dependent on our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income paid to us on our loans and investments and the interest we pay to third parties such as our depositors, lenders and debt holders. Changes in interest rates can impact our profits and the fair values of certain of our assets and liabilities. We are unable to predict changes in market interest rates, which are affected by many factors beyond our control, including inflation, changes in trade policies by the United States or other countries, such as tariffs or retaliatory tariffs, recession, unemployment, federal funds target rate, money supply, domestic and international events and changes in the United States and other financial markets. Prolonged periods of unusually low interest rates may have an incrementally adverse effect on our earnings by reducing yields on loans and other earning assets over time. Increases in market interest rates may reduce our customers’ desire to borrow money from us or adversely affect their ability to repay their outstanding loans by increasing their debt service obligations through the periodic reset of adjustable interest rate loans. If our borrowers’ ability to pay their loans is impaired by increasing interest payment obligations, our level of NPAs would increase, producing an adverse effect on operating results. Increases in interest rates can have a material impact on the volume of mortgage originations and re-financings, adversely affecting the profitability of our mortgage finance business. Higher market interest rates and increased competition for deposits may result in higher interest expense, as we may offer higher rates to attract or retain customer deposits. Increases in interest rates also may increase the amount of interest expense we pay to creditors on short and long-term debt. Interest rate risk can also result from mismatches between the dollar amounts of re-pricing or maturing assets and liabilities and from mismatches in the timing and rates at which our assets and liabilities re-price. Changes in market values of investment securities classified as AFS are
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impacted by higher rates and can negatively impact our other comprehensive income and equity levels through AOCI, which includes net unrealized gains and losses on those securities. Further, such losses could be realized into earnings should liquidity and/or business strategy necessitate the sales of securities in a loss position. We actively monitor and manage the balances of our maturing and re-pricing assets and liabilities to reduce the adverse impact of changes in interest rates, but there can be no assurance that we will be able to avoid material adverse effects on our net interest margin in all market conditions.
In addition, the value of our MSRs is highly sensitive to changes in interest rates, prepayment speeds, and default or loss‑mitigation activity. Declines in interest rates, increases in actual or expected prepayments, or changes in market assumptions may materially reduce the fair value of our MSRs, require valuation adjustments, and adversely affect our results of operations. MSR valuations also rely on complex modeling and inputs, and inaccuracies in these assumptions, or changes in the secondary‑market environment for MSRs, could increase earnings volatility or impair our ability to sell or hedge MSRs on acceptable terms.
The FRB has implemented significant economic strategies that have impacted interest rates, inflation, asset values, and the shape of the yield curve, over which the Company has no control and which the Company may not be able to adequately anticipate.
Changes in interest rates and monetary policy have a significant impact on our activities and results of operations. The actions of the Federal Reserve influence the rates of interest that the Company charges on loans and that the Company pays on borrowings and interest-bearing deposits and can also affect the value of the Company's on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet financial instruments. Sustained higher interest rates increase the Company's cost of funding and may result in lower demand for loans by our customers. Conversely, lower interest rates may reduce our realized yield on variable rate loans and investment securities and on new loans and securities, which would reduce our interest income and cause downward pressure on net interest income and net interest margin. A significant reduction in our net interest income could have a material adverse impact on our capital, financial condition and results of operations. The Company cannot predict the nature or timing of future changes in monetary, economic, or other policies, or the effect that changes will have on the Company’s business activities, financial condition and results of operations.
Our cost of funds may increase as a result of general economic conditions, FDIC insurance assessments, interest rates and competitive pressures.
We have traditionally obtained funds through local deposits and thus we have a base of lower cost transaction deposits. Generally, we believe local deposits are a cheaper and more stable source of funds than other borrowings because interest rates paid for local deposits are typically lower than interest rates charged for borrowings from other institutional lenders or brokers. Our costs of funds and our profitability and liquidity are likely to be adversely affected if, and to the extent, we have to rely upon higher cost borrowings from other institutional lenders or brokers to fund loan demand or liquidity needs, and changes in our deposit mix, pricing, and growth could adversely affect our profitability and the ability to expand our loan portfolio.
Liquidity Risk
Liquidity risks could affect operations and jeopardize our financial condition.
Liquidity is essential to our business. An inability to raise funds through deposits, borrowings, the sale of loans and other sources could have a substantial negative effect on our liquidity. Our funding sources include customer deposits, federal funds purchases, securities sold under repurchase agreements, and short- and long-term debt. We are also members of the FHLB of Atlanta and the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, where we can obtain advances collateralized with eligible assets. We maintain a portfolio of securities that can be used as a secondary source of liquidity. Other sources of liquidity available to us or Seacoast Bank include the acquisition of additional deposits, the issuance and sale of debt securities, and the issuance and sale of preferred or common securities in public or private transactions.
Our access to funding sources in adequate amounts or on terms which are acceptable to us could be impaired by other factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry or economy in general. Factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a downturn in the markets in which our loans are concentrated or adverse regulatory action against us. In addition, our access to deposits may be affected by the liquidity and/or cash flow needs of depositors. Although we have historically been able to replace maturing deposits and FHLB advances as necessary, we might not be able to replace such funds in the future and can lose a relatively inexpensive source of funds and increase our funding costs if, among other things, customers move funds out of bank deposits and into alternative investments, such as the stock market, that may be perceived as providing superior expected returns. Recently proposed changes to the FHLB system could adversely impact the Company's access to FHLB borrowings or increase the cost of such borrowings. Access to liquidity may also be negatively impacted by the value of our securities portfolio, if liquidity and/or business strategy necessitate the sales of securities in a loss
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position. Access to liquidity may also be negatively impacted by the value of our securities portfolio if liquidity and/or business strategy necessitate the sales of securities in a loss position. We may be required to seek additional regulatory capital through capital raises at terms that may be very dilutive to existing shareholders.
Our ability to borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as disruptions in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry.
Adverse developments or concerns affecting the financial services industry in general or financial institutions that are similar to us or that may be viewed as being similar to us, such as bank failures and disruption in the United States banking industry, could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Several financial institutions have failed or required outside liquidity support, often as a result of the inability of the institutions to obtain needed liquidity. The impact of this situation led to heightened risk of additional stress to other financial institutions, and the financial services industry generally as a result of increased lack of confidence in the financial sector. Banking regulators have historically taken action to strengthen public confidence in the banking system, including to ensure that depositors had access to their deposits, including uninsured deposit accounts, but there can be no assurance that such actions will stabilize the financial services industry and financial markets in response to future adverse events impacting the financial services industry. While we currently do not anticipate liquidity constraints of the kind that caused certain other financial institutions to fail or require external support, constraints on our liquidity could occur as a result of unanticipated deposit withdrawals, because of market distress or our inability to access other sources of liquidity, including through the capital markets due to unforeseen market dislocations or interruptions.
Moreover, some of our customers may become less willing to maintain deposits at Seacoast because of broader market concerns with the level of insurance available on those deposits. Our business and our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by continued soundness concerns regarding financial institutions generally and our counterparties specifically and limitations resulting from further governmental action in an effort to stabilize or provide additional regulation of the financial system, as well as the impact of excessive deposit withdrawals. Actual events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions, or concerns or rumors about any events of these kinds or other similar events, have in the past and may in the future lead to erosion of customer confidence in the banking system or certain banks, deposit volatility, liquidity issues, stock price volatility and other adverse developments. Even inaccurate speculation or social media driven rumors about the health of financial institutions have the potential to trigger rapid deposit outflows or market reactions that outpace traditional risk management tools. Any of these impacts, or any other impacts resulting from bank failures or other related or similar events, could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and our current and/or projected business operations and financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to receive dividends from our subsidiaries could affect our liquidity and ability to pay interest on our trust preferred securities or reinstate dividends.
We are a legal entity separate and distinct from Seacoast Bank and our other subsidiaries. Our primary source of cash, other than securities offerings, is dividends from Seacoast Bank. These dividends are the principal source of funds to pay dividends on our common stock, interest on our trust preferred securities and interest and principal on our debt. Various laws and regulations limit the amount of dividends that Seacoast Bank may pay us, as further described in “Supervision and Regulation - Payment of Dividends.” Also, our right to participate in a distribution of assets upon a subsidiary’s liquidation or reorganization is subject to the prior claims of the subsidiary’s creditors. Limitations on our ability to receive dividends from our subsidiaries could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity and on our ability to pay dividends on common stock. Additionally, if our subsidiaries’ earnings are not sufficient to make dividend payments to us while maintaining adequate capital levels, we may not be able to make payments on our trust preferred securities or reinstate dividend payments to our common shareholders.
Business and Strategic Risks
Our business strategy includes continued growth, and our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if we fail to grow or fail to manage our growth effectively.
We intend to continue to pursue a growth strategy for our business. Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in pursuing such growth strategies. Our ability to continue to grow successfully will depend on a variety of factors, including economic conditions, continued availability of desirable business opportunities, customer demand for our products and services, the competitive responses from other financial and non-financial institution competitors, and our ability to successfully serve a growing number of client relationships. Sustained growth also requires that we expand our organizational capacity, including our operational infrastructure, technology platforms, risk management capabilities, and employee base, in a manner that keeps pace with increases in business volume and
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complexity. There can be no assurance growth opportunities will be available, or growth will be successfully managed. Failure to manage our growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations, and could adversely affect our ability to successfully implement our business strategy. Also, if our growth occurs more slowly than anticipated or declines, our operating results could be materially adversely affected.
Our future success is dependent on our ability to compete effectively in highly competitive markets.
We operate in markets throughout the State of Florida, each with unique characteristics and opportunities. Our future growth and success will depend on our ability to compete effectively in these and other potential markets. We compete for loans, deposits and other financial services in geographic markets with other local, regional and national commercial banks, thrifts, credit unions, mortgage lenders, and securities and insurance brokerage firms. Many of our competitors offer products and services different from us, and have substantially greater resources, name recognition and market presence than we do, which benefits them in attracting business. Larger competitors may be able to price loans and deposits more aggressively than we can, and have broader customer and geographic bases to draw upon. In addition, some of our competitors are subject to less regulation and/or more favorable tax treatment.
Additionally, we face increasing competition from non-traditional financial service providers, including fintech companies, digital only banks, payment platforms, private credit funds, and other technology driven entrants that may be able to innovate more quickly, deliver products at lower cost, or provide differentiated digital experiences that appeal to certain customer segments. Further, as a result of the GENIUS Act, passed in 2025 to provide a regulatory framework for stablecoins in the U.S., increased competition may emerge from issuers of stablecoins and providers of related technology.
Consumers may decide not to use banks to complete their financial transactions, which could adversely affect our net income.
Technology and other changes now allow parties to complete financial transactions without banks. For example, consumers can pay bills, transfer funds directly and obtain loans without banks. This process could result in the loss of interest and fee income, as well as the loss of customer deposits and the income generated from those deposits.
Transactions utilizing digital assets, including cryptocurrencies, stablecoins and other similar assets, have increased substantially. Certain characteristics of digital asset transactions, such as the speed with which such transactions can be conducted, the ability to transact without the involvement of regulated intermediaries, the ability to engage in transactions across multiple jurisdictions, and the anonymous nature of the transactions, are appealing to certain consumers notwithstanding the various risks posed by such transactions. Accordingly, digital asset service providers which, at present are not subject to the extensive regulation to which banking organizations and other financial institutions are subject, have become active competitors for our customers' banking business. The process of eliminating banks as intermediaries, known as “disintermediation,” could result in the loss of fee income, as well as the loss of customer deposits and the related income generated from those deposits. The loss of these revenue streams and the lower cost of deposits as a source of funds could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and increased competition may negatively affect our earnings by creating pressure to lower prices or credit standards on our products and services requiring additional investment to improve the quality and delivery of our technology, reducing our market share, or affecting the willingness of our clients to do business with us. Non-bank financial technology providers invest substantial resources in developing and designing new technology, particularly digital and mobile technology, and are beginning to offer more traditional banking products either directly or through bank partnerships.
In addition, the widespread adoption of new technologies, including internet banking services, mobile banking services, cryptocurrencies and payment systems, and artificial intelligence, could require substantial expenditures to modify or adapt our existing products and services as we grow and develop our internet banking and mobile banking channel strategies in addition to remote connectivity solutions. We might not be successful in developing or introducing new products and services, integrating new products or services into our existing offerings, responding or adapting to changes in consumer behavior, preferences, spending, investing and/or saving habits, achieving market acceptance of our products and services, reducing costs in response to pressures to deliver products and services at lower prices or sufficiently developing and maintaining loyal customers.
Further, we may experience a decrease in customer deposits if customers perceive alternative investments, such as the stock market, as providing superior expected returns. When customers move money out of bank deposits in favor of alternative investments, we may lose a relatively inexpensive source of funds, and be forced to rely more heavily on borrowings and other sources of funding to fund our business and meet withdrawal demands, thereby increasing our funding costs and adversely affecting our net interest margin.
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Hurricanes or other adverse weather events, as well as climate change, could negatively affect our local economies or disrupt our operations, which would have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Our market areas in Florida are susceptible to hurricanes, tropical storms and related flooding and wind damage and other similar weather events. Such weather events can disrupt operations, result in damage to properties and negatively affect the local economies in the markets where we operate. We cannot predict whether or to what extent damage that may be caused by future weather events will affect our operations or the economies in our current or future market areas, but such events could result in a decline in loan originations, a decline in the value or destruction of properties securing our loans and an increase in delinquencies, foreclosures or loan losses, negatively impacting our business and results of operations. As a result of the potential for such weather events, many of our customers have incurred significantly higher property and casualty insurance premiums on their properties located in our markets, which may adversely affect real estate sales and values in our markets. Climate change may be increasing the nature, severity, and frequency of adverse weather conditions, making the impact from these types of natural disasters on us or customers worse.
The effects of climate change continue to raise significant concerns about the state of the environment. However, under the current administration, federal policy has shifted to reduce the emphasis on climate change initiatives and environmental regulations. This includes scaling back federal participation in international agreements, and reducing regulatory pressures on businesses, including banks, to address climate-related risks. Federal legislative and regulatory proposals aimed at combating climate change have and may continue to face greater scrutiny or diminished priority. However, state and local regulations or guidance relating to climate change, as well as changes in investors’, consumers’ and businesses’ behaviors and business preferences, continue to affect our business operations. Additionally, in the long-term, given that climate change could impose systemic risks upon the financial sector, either via disruptions in economic activity resulting from the physical impacts of climate change or changes in policies as the economy transitions to a less carbon-intensive environment, we face may in the future face regulatory risk of increasing focus on our resilience to climate-related risks, including in the context of stress testing for various climate stress scenarios. Ongoing legislative or regulatory uncertainties and changes regarding climate risk management and practices may result in higher regulatory, compliance, credit and reputational risks and costs. The state of Florida could be disproportionately impacted by long-term climate changes. We and our customers may face cost increases, asset value reductions (which could impact customer creditworthiness), operating process changes, changes in demand for products and services, and the like resulting from new laws, regulations, and changing consumer and investor preferences regarding our, or other companies', response to climate change. Our efforts to take these risks into account in making lending and other decisions, including by increasing our business with climate-friendly companies, may not be effective in protecting us from the negative impact of new laws and regulations or changes in consumer or business behavior.
Changes in accounting rules applicable to banks could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
From time to time, the FASB and the SEC change the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes can be hard to predict and can materially impact how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in a restatement of our prior period financial statements.
The anti-takeover provisions in our Articles of Incorporation and under Florida law may make it more difficult for takeover attempts that have not been approved by our Board of Directors.
Florida law and our Articles of Incorporation include anti-takeover provisions, such as provisions that encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to consult with our Board of Directors, and which enable the Board of Directors to negotiate and give consideration on behalf of us and our shareholders and other constituencies to the merits of any offer made. Such provisions, as well as super-majority voting and quorum requirements, and a staggered Board of Directors, may make any takeover attempts and other acquisitions of interests in us, by means of a tender offer, open market purchase, a proxy fight or otherwise, that have not been approved by our Board of Directors more difficult and more expensive. These provisions may discourage possible business combinations that a majority of our shareholders may believe to be desirable and beneficial. As a result, our Board of Directors may decide not to pursue transactions that would otherwise be in the best interests of holders of our common stock.
Operational Risk
The implementation of new lines of business or new products and services may subject us to additional risk.
We continuously evaluate our service offerings and may implement new lines of business or offer new products and services within existing lines of business in the future. There are substantial risks and uncertainties associated with these efforts. In developing and marketing new lines of business and/or new products and services, we undergo a process to assess the risks of
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the initiative, and invest considerable time and resources to build internal controls, policies and procedures to mitigate those risks, including hiring experienced management to oversee the implementation of the initiative. New initiatives may also require enhancements to our technology systems, data management processes, or operational infrastructure, and delays or deficiencies in these areas could hinder successful implementation or increase operational risk. Initial timetables for the introduction and development of new lines of business and/or new products or services may not be achieved, and price and profitability targets may not prove feasible. External factors, such as compliance with regulations, competitive alternatives, and shifting market preferences, may also impact the successful implementation of a new line of business and/or a new product or service. Furthermore, any new line of business and/or new product or service could require the establishment of new key and other controls and have a significant impact on our existing system of internal controls. Failure to successfully manage these risks in the development and implementation of new lines of business and/or new products or services could have a material adverse effect on our business and, in turn, our financial condition and results of operations.
Employee misconduct could expose us to significant legal liability and reputational harm.
We are vulnerable to reputational harm because we operate in an industry in which integrity and the confidence of our customers are of critical importance. Our employees could engage in fraudulent, illegal, wrongful or suspicious activities, and/or activities resulting in consumer harm that adversely affects our customers and/or our business. The precautions we take to detect and prevent such misconduct may not always be effective, and misconduct may occur despite established policies, training programs, internal controls, and monitoring systems. Such misconduct may result in regulatory sanctions and/or penalties, serious harm to our reputation, financial condition, customer relationships or the ability to attract new customers. In addition, improper use or disclosure of confidential information by our employees, even if inadvertent, could result in serious harm to our reputation, financial condition and current and future business relationships.
We are subject to losses due to fraudulent and negligent acts.
Financial institutions are inherently exposed to fraud risk. Criminals are turning to new sources, including AI, to steal personally identifiable information in order to impersonate our clients to commit fraud. Continued advances in AI‑driven tools, deepfakes, synthetic identities, and automated credential‑stuffing attacks may make fraud harder to detect and enable criminals to generate more convincing impersonations or documentation. Fraudulent activity can take many forms and has escalated as more tools for accessing financial services emerge, such as real-time payments. Fraud schemes are broad and continuously evolving. A fraud can be perpetrated by a customer of Seacoast, an employee, a vendor, or members of the general public. We are subject to fraud risk in connection with the origination of loans, ACH transactions, wire transactions, digital payments, ATM transactions, checking and other transactions. When we originate loans, we rely heavily upon information supplied by loan applicants and third parties, including the information contained in the loan application, property appraisal, title information and employment and income documentation provided by third parties. If any of this information is misrepresented and such misrepresentation is not detected prior to loan funding, we generally bear the risk of loss associated with the misrepresentation. Although the Company seeks to mitigate fraud risk and losses through continued investment in systems, resources, and controls, there can be no assurance that our efforts will be effective in detecting fraud or that we will not experience fraud losses or incur costs or other damage related to such fraud, at levels that adversely affect our financial results or reputation.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and procedures, including internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, current and potential shareholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could harm the trading price of our common stock.
Management regularly monitors, reviews and updates our disclosure controls and procedures, including our internal control over financial reporting. Any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part on certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable assurances that the controls will be effective. Any failure or circumvention of our controls and procedures or failure to comply with regulations related to controls and procedures could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Failure to achieve and maintain an effective internal control environment could prevent us from accurately reporting our financial results, preventing or detecting fraud or providing timely and reliable financial information pursuant to our reporting obligations, which could result in a material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting and the restatement of previously filed financial statements and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, ineffective internal controls could cause our investors to lose confidence in our financial information, which could affect the trading price of our common stock. Regulators may also increase scrutiny or require corrective action if
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they determine that our internal controls are inadequate, which could increase compliance costs and divert management attention.
Our operations rely on external vendors.
We rely on certain external vendors to provide products and services necessary to maintain our day-to-day operations, particularly in the areas of operations, treasury management systems, information technology and security, exposing us to the risk that these vendors will not perform as required by our agreements and exposing us to operational and informational security risks, including risks associated with operational errors, information system failures, interruptions or compromises and unauthorized disclosures of sensitive or confidential client or customer information. These risks also include coding errors, system integration failures, or breakdowns in communication with our vendors that can delay problem resolution or extend service disruptions. An external vendor’s failure to perform in accordance with our agreement could be disruptive to our operations, which could have a material adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. Our regulators also impose requirements on us with respect to monitoring and implementing adequate controls and procedures in connection with our third party vendors.
From time to time, we may decide to retain new vendors for new or existing products and services. Transition to these new vendors may not proceed as anticipated and could negatively impact our customers or our ability to conduct business, which, in turn, could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. To mitigate this risk, the Company has established a process to oversee vendor relationships.
We must effectively manage our information systems risk.
We rely heavily on our communications and information systems, and those of our third-party service providers, to conduct our business. The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products, services and methods of delivery (including those related to or involving the continued advancement of artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain and other distributed ledger technologies). Our ability to compete successfully depends in part upon our ability to use technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands. We have and will continue to make technology investments to achieve process improvements and increase efficiency. Many of the Company’s competitors invest substantially greater resources in technological improvements than we do. We may not be able to effectively select, develop or implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers, which may negatively affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Evolving business practices, including having certain employees working remotely, introduces additional operational risk, including increased cybersecurity risk. These cyber risks include the risks of greater phishing, malware, and other cybersecurity attacks, vulnerability to disruptions of our information technology infrastructure and telecommunications systems for remote operations, increased risk of unauthorized dissemination of confidential information, limited ability to restore the systems in the event of a systems failure or interruption, greater risk of a security incident resulting in destruction or misuse of valuable information, and potential impairment of our ability to perform critical functions, including wiring funds, all of which could expose us to risks of data or financial loss, litigation and liability and could seriously disrupt our operations and the operations of any impacted customers. These risks have increased as cyber threat actors use sophisticated tools, including artificial intelligence, to generate more convincing phishing schemes, malware, account takeover attempts, deepfake enabled impersonations, credential stuffing attacks, and exploitation of software vulnerabilities, including “zero day” threats. Our systems, and those of our service providers, customers and third party vendors, are subject to constant attack attempts ranging from uncoordinated individual probing to targeted, coordinated intrusions by criminal organizations.
Disruptions to our information systems or security incidents could adversely affect our business and reputation.
Our communications and information systems, and those of our third-party service providers, remain vulnerable to unexpected disruptions and failures. Any failure or interruption of these systems could impair our ability to serve our customers and to operate our business and could damage our reputation, result in a loss of business, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny or enforcement or expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability. While we have developed extensive recovery plans, we cannot assure that those plans will be effective to prevent adverse effects upon us and our customers resulting from system failures. While we maintain an insurance policy which we believe provides sufficient coverage at a manageable expense for an institution of our size and scope with similar technological systems, we cannot assure that this policy would be sufficient to
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cover all related financial losses and damages should we experience any one or more of our or a third party’s systems failing or failing to prevent, being compromised, or experiencing a cyber-attack.
Cyber attacks or security incidents may not be immediately detected, and delays in identifying or responding to an attack can significantly increase the magnitude of resulting harm, including extended system outages, greater data loss or compromise, and higher remediation costs. Our increasing reliance on cloud services, digital connectivity and integration with third party systems heightens the risk that disruptions or compromises in those external environments could affect our operations.
Notwithstanding the strength of our defensive measures, the threat from cyber-attacks is severe, attacks are sophisticated and attackers respond rapidly to changes in defensive measures, and there is no assurance that our response to any cyber-attack or system interruption, compromise or failure will be fully effective to mitigate and remediate the issues resulting from such an event, including the costs, reputational harm and litigation challenges that we may face as a result. Cybersecurity risks also occur with our third-party service providers, and may interfere with their ability to fulfill their contractual obligations to us, with attendant financial loss or liability that could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations. We offer our clients the ability to bank remotely and provide other technology based products and services, which services include the secure transmission of confidential information over the Internet and other remote channels. To the extent that our clients' systems are not secure or are otherwise compromised, our network could be vulnerable to unauthorized access, malicious software, phishing schemes and other security incidents. To the extent that our activities or the activities of our clients or third-party service providers involve the storage and transmission of confidential information, security incidents and malicious software could expose us to claims, regulatory scrutiny, litigation and other possible liabilities. While to date we have not experienced a significant compromise, significant data loss or material financial losses related to cybersecurity attacks, our systems and those of our clients and third-party service providers are under constant threat and it is possible that we could experience a significant event in the future. We may suffer material financial losses related to these risks in the future or we may be subject to liability for compromises to our client or third-party service provider systems. Any such losses or liabilities could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations, and could expose us to reputation risk, the loss of client business, increased operational costs, as well as additional regulatory scrutiny, possible litigation, and related financial liability. These risks also include possible business interruption, including the inability to access critical information and systems. In addition, as the domestic and foreign regulatory environment related to information security, data collection and use, and privacy becomes increasingly rigorous, with new and constantly changing requirements applicable to our business, compliance with those requirements could also result in additional costs.
Cybersecurity related incidents may require us to expend significant capital, management time and other resources to investigate, remediate and prevent future occurrences. In addition, some cybersecurity related losses, regulatory fines or enforcement penalties may not be covered by insurance or may exceed available coverage.
We collect and store sensitive data, including personally identifiable information of our customers and employees as well as sensitive information related to our operations. Our collection of such Company and customer data is subject to extensive regulation and oversight. Computer compromises of our systems or our customers’ systems, thefts of data and other incidents and criminal activity may result in significant costs to respond, liability for customer losses if we are at fault, damage to our customer relationships, regulatory scrutiny and enforcement and loss of future business opportunities due to reputational damage. Although we, with the help of third-party service providers, will continue to implement security technology and establish operational procedures to protect sensitive data, there can be no assurance that these measures will be effective. We advise and provide training to our customers regarding protection of their systems, but there is no assurance that our advice and training will be appropriately acted upon by our customers or effective to prevent losses. In some cases, we may elect to contribute to the cost of responding to cybercrime against our customers, even when we are not at fault, in order to maintain valuable customer relationships.
The development and use of AI presents risks and challenges that may adversely impact our business.
We and our third party (or fourth party) vendors, clients, and counterparties may develop or incorporate AI technologies into business processes, services, or products. The legal and regulatory environment applicable to AI is uncertain, rapidly evolving, and includes both AI specific regulatory schemes and broader requirements under intellectual property, privacy, consumer protection, employment, and other laws. Changes in these requirements may necessitate modifications to our AI implementation, increase compliance costs, and elevate the risk of non-compliance. AI models, including generative and other advanced AI systems, may produce incorrect or harmful outputs, reflect underlying data biases, release private or proprietary information, or infringe on intellectual property rights. The complexity and limited transparency of many AI models make it difficult to assess and monitor their operation, understand why they generate certain outputs, reduce erroneous results, eliminate bias, and comply with regulatory expectations regarding documentation and explainability. When we rely on AI developed by third parties, we depend on their training practices, data selection, and controls, over which we may have limited visibility. These risks could expose us to liability, regulatory scrutiny, or reputational harm.
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Rapid technological advancements and increasing customer expectations for AI enabled convenience, personalization, automation, and decisioning tools may require continual innovation. If we fail to keep pace with these changes or if competitors deploy AI more effectively, our growth, revenue, or market position could be adversely affected. The integration of AI into existing systems may also introduce operational risks, including service interruptions, transaction processing errors, data quality issues, and system conversion delays, which may contribute to compliance failures in areas such as lending, fraud detection, customer communications, or regulatory reporting.
AI used by customers or counterparties may introduce additional risks, such as inaccurate or AI generated misinformation submitted to the Company, automated activity that strains systems, or counterparties’ reliance on AI based decisions that affect the accuracy or timeliness of information we receive. Internally, we may depend on AI systems designed to improve efficiency; however, failures, inaccurate outputs, or model drift could impair risk management processes, underwriting quality, fraud detection, customer service, or other critical functions. Any of these risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations and could harm our reputation and the public perception of our business or security practices.
Regulatory and Litigation Risk
We operate in a heavily regulated environment. Regulatory compliance burdens and associated costs can affect our business, including our reputation, the value of our securities, and the results of our operations.
We and our subsidiaries are regulated by several regulators, including, but not limited to, the FRB, the OCC, the FDIC, the CFPB, the SBA, the SEC and NASDAQ. Our success is affected by state and federal regulations affecting banks and bank holding companies, the securities markets and banking, securities and insurance regulators. Banking regulations are primarily intended to protect consumers and depositors, not shareholders. The financial services industry also is subject to frequent legislative and regulatory changes and proposed changes, the effects of which cannot be predicted. These changes, if adopted, could require us to maintain more capital, liquidity and risk controls, which could adversely affect our growth, profitability and financial condition. Any such changes in law can impact the profitability of our business activities, require changes to our operating policies and procedures, or otherwise adversely impact our business.
In the current environment, government authorities are pursuing aggressive enforcement actions, including those related to new prohibitions on politicized debanking, which heightens the risks associated with actual or perceived compliance failures. Regulatory directives related to such actions may be confidential, and we may be restricted from publicly disclosing them. Ongoing litigation challenging regulatory actions at the federal or state level may also change or destabilize the regulatory framework governing our operations.
Further, we expect to continue to commit significant resources to our compliance with various corporate governance and financial reporting requirements under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules and regulations adopted by the SEC, the PCAOB and NASDAQ. Our failure to track and comply with the various rules may materially adversely affect our reputation, ability to obtain the necessary certifications to financial statements, and the value of our securities.
The CFPB has issued mortgage-related rules required under the Dodd-Frank Act addressing borrower ability-to-repay and qualified mortgage standards. The CFPB has also issued rules for loan originators related to compensation, licensing requirements, administration capabilities and restrictions on pursuance of delinquent borrowers. These rules could have a negative effect on the financial performance of Seacoast Bank's mortgage lending operations such as limiting the volume of mortgage originations and sales into the secondary market, increased compliance burden and impairing Seacoast Bank's ability to proceed against certain delinquent borrowers with timely and effective collection efforts.
Banks, like Seacoast with greater than $10 billion in total consolidated assets are subject to certain additional regulatory requirements, including limits on the debit card interchange fees that such banks may collect, changes in the manner in which
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assessments for FDIC deposit insurance are calculated, and providing the authority to the CFPB to supervise and examine such banks.
Compliance with the Dodd-Frank Act's requirements may necessitate that we hire or contract with additional compliance or other personnel, design and implement additional internal controls, or incur other significant expenses, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
See the discussion above at "Supervision and Regulation" for an additional discussion of the extensive regulation and supervision the Company and the Bank are subject to.
We are required to maintain capital to meet regulatory requirements, and if we fail to maintain sufficient capital, whether due to losses, growth opportunities, or an inability to raise additional capital or otherwise, our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations, as well as our compliance with regulatory requirements, would be adversely affected.
Both we and Seacoast Bank must meet regulatory capital requirements and maintain sufficient liquidity and our regulators may modify and adjust such requirements in the future. Our ability to raise additional capital, when and if needed in the future, will depend on conditions in the capital markets, general economic conditions and a number of other factors, including investor perceptions regarding the banking industry and the market, governmental activities, many of which are outside our control, and on our financial condition and performance. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise additional capital if needed or on terms acceptable to us. If we fail to meet these capital and other regulatory requirements, our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected.
Although the Company currently complies with all capital requirements, we may be subject to more stringent regulatory capital ratio requirements in the future, and we may need additional capital in order to meet those requirements. Our failure to remain “well-capitalized” for bank regulatory purposes could affect customer confidence, our ability to grow, our costs of funds and FDIC insurance costs, our ability to pay dividends on common stock, our ability to make distributions on our trust preferred securities, our ability to make acquisitions, and our business, results of operations and financial condition, generally. Under FDIC rules, if Seacoast Bank ceases to be a “well-capitalized” institution, its ability to accept brokered deposits and the interest rates that it pays may both be restricted.
In addition, any preferred stock that we have issued, or may issue in the future, could increase our capital costs and limit our financial flexibility, and changes in regulatory capital rules could reduce the capital benefits associated with preferred stock or require us to raise additional or replacement capital.
Federal banking agencies periodically conduct examinations of our business, including for compliance with laws and regulations, and our failure to comply with any supervisory actions to which we are or become subject as a result of such examinations may adversely affect us.
The FRB and the OCC periodically conduct examinations of our business and Seacoast Bank’s business, including for compliance with laws and regulations, and Seacoast Bank also may be subject to future regulatory examinations by the CFPB, as discussed in the “Supervision and Regulation” section above. If, as a result of an examination, the FRB, the OCC and/or the CFPB were to determine that the financial condition, capital resources, asset quality, asset concentrations, earnings prospects, management, liquidity, sensitivity to market risk, or other aspects of any of our or Seacoast Bank’s operations had become unsatisfactory, or that we or our management were in violation of any law, regulation or guideline in effect from time to time, the regulators may take a number of different remedial actions as they deem appropriate. These actions include the power to enjoin “unsafe or unsound” practices, to require affirmative actions to correct any conditions resulting from any violation or practice, to issue an administrative order that can be judicially enforced, to direct an increase in our capital, to restrict our growth, to change the composition of our concentrations in portfolio or balance sheet assets, to assess civil monetary penalties against our officers or directors or to remove officers and directors.
Higher FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments could adversely affect our financial condition.
FDIC insurance premiums we pay may change and be significantly higher in the future. Market developments may significantly deplete the insurance fund of the FDIC and reduce the ratio of reserves to insured deposits, thereby making it requisite upon the FDIC to charge higher premiums prospectively. FDIC deposit insurance premiums and assessments may increase as a result of future increases in assessment rates, required prepayments in FDIC insurance premiums, special assessments or other changes, and could reduce our profitability. Any increases in our assessment rate, future special assessments, or required prepayments in FDIC insurance premiums could reduce our profitability or limit our ability to pursue certain business opportunities, which
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could have a material adverse effect on our assets, business, cash flow, condition (financial or otherwise), liquidity, prospects or results of operations.
Tax law changes and interpretations may have a negative impact on our earnings.
Recently enacted tax legislation, including the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and the 2025 One Big Beautiful Bill Act, has significantly affected us, our customers, and the U.S. economy, and may continue to do so. These laws modify or extend prior tax provisions and accelerate the phase‑out of certain incentives under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. Future legislative, administrative, or judicial tax changes could also alter the tax treatment of corporations in ways that negatively impact us directly or indirectly through effects on our customers. Although lower tax rates may provide some benefit, the extent of any advantage will depend on competitive and market factors. In addition, tax authorities have become more aggressive in challenging tax positions taken by financial institutions. If tax authorities disagree with our interpretations or tax planning strategies, we could face additional taxes, interest, penalties, or be required to modify our business practices, any of which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Merger-Related Risks
If we fail to successfully integrate our acquisitions or to realize the anticipated benefits of them, our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected.
We intend to continue to regularly evaluate potential acquisitions and expansion opportunities. To the extent we grow through acquisition, we cannot assure you that we will be able to manage this growth adequately or profitably. Acquiring other banks, branches or businesses, as well as other geographic and product expansion activities, involve various risks including:
•risk of unknown, undisclosed or contingent liabilities that could arise after the closing of an acquisition and for which there is no indemnification obligation or other price protection mechanism associated with the acquisition;
•unanticipated costs and delays, including as a result of enhanced regulatory scrutiny;
•risks that acquired new businesses do not meet our growth and profitability expectations;
•risks of entering new market or product areas where we have limited experience;
•risks that growth will strain our infrastructure, staff, internal controls and management, which may require additional personnel, time and expenditures;
•exposure to potential asset quality issues with acquired institutions;
•difficulties, expenses and delays of integrating the operations and personnel of acquired institutions, and start-up delays and costs of other expansion activities;
•inaccurate estimates of value assigned to acquired assets;
•potential disruptions to our business;
•possible loss of key employees and customers of acquired institutions;
•potential short-term decrease in profitability;
•potential dilution of our current shareholders or a decline in our share price resulting from the issuance in connection with an acquisition of equity securities or securities convertible into equity securities, any of which may be senior to our common stock as to distributions and in liquidation;
•litigation; and
•diversion of our management’s time and attention from our existing operations and businesses.
Attractive acquisition opportunities may not be available to us in the future.
While we seek continued organic growth, we anticipate continuing to evaluate merger and acquisition opportunities presented to us in our core markets and beyond. The number of financial institutions headquartered in Florida, the Southeastern United States, and across the country continues to decline through merger and other activity. We expect that other banking and
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financial companies, many of which have significantly greater resources, will compete with us to acquire financial services businesses. This competition, as the number of appropriate merger targets decreases, could increase prices for potential acquisitions which could reduce our potential returns, and reduce the attractiveness of these opportunities to us. Also, acquisitions are subject to various regulatory approvals. If we fail to receive the appropriate regulatory approvals, we will not be able to consummate an acquisition that we believe is in our best interests. Among other things, our regulators consider our capital, liquidity, profitability, regulatory compliance, including with respect to AML obligations, consumer protection laws and CRA obligations and levels of goodwill and intangibles when considering acquisition and expansion proposals. Any acquisition could be dilutive to our earnings and shareholders’ equity per share of our common stock.
Our business strategy includes significant growth plans, and our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively affected if we fail to grow or fail to manage our growth effectively, or if we fail to successfully integrate our acquisitions or to realize the anticipated benefits of them.
We intend to continue to pursue an organic growth strategy for our business while also regularly evaluating potential acquisitions and expansion opportunities. If appropriate opportunities present themselves, we expect to engage in selected acquisitions of financial institutions, branch acquisitions and other business growth initiatives or undertakings. There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify appropriate opportunities, that we will be able to negotiate or finance such activities or that such activities, if undertaken, will be successful. In addition, competitive dynamics, valuation challenges, due diligence findings, or the inability to reach acceptable terms with potential targets may prevent us from completing transactions that we believe are strategically important. While we have substantial experience in successfully integrating institutions we have acquired, we may encounter difficulties during integration, such as the loss of key employees, the disruption of operations and businesses, loan and deposit attrition, customer loss and revenue loss, possible inconsistencies in standards, control procedures and policies, and unexpected issues with expected branch closures costs, operations, personnel, technology and credit, all of which could divert resources from regular banking operations. Achieving the anticipated benefits of these mergers is subject to a number of uncertainties, including whether we integrate these institutions in an efficient and effective manner, governmental actions affecting the financial industry generally, and general competitive factors in the marketplace. Failure to achieve these anticipated benefits could result in a reduction in the price of our shares as well as in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues and diversion of management's time and energy and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
There are risks associated with our growth strategy. To the extent that we grow through acquisitions, there can be no assurance that we will be able to adequately or profitably manage this growth. Acquiring other banks, branches or other assets, as well as other expansion activities, involves various risks including the risks of incorrectly assessing the credit quality of acquired assets, encountering greater than expected costs of integrating acquired banks or branches into us, the risk of loss of customers and/or employees of the acquired institution or branch, executing cost savings measures, not achieving revenue enhancements and otherwise not realizing the transaction’s anticipated benefits. Acquisitions may also expose us to unknown or contingent liabilities of acquired institutions, including legal, regulatory, tax, operational, cybersecurity or compliance‑related matters that were not fully identified in diligence. Our ability to address these matters successfully cannot be assured. In addition, our strategic efforts may divert resources or management’s attention from ongoing business operations, may require investment in integration and in development and enhancement of additional operational and reporting processes and controls and may subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny.
Our growth initiatives may also require us to recruit and retain experienced personnel to assist in such initiatives. Accordingly, the failure to identify and retain such personnel would place significant limitations on our ability to successfully execute our growth strategy. In addition, to the extent we expand our lending beyond our current market areas, we could incur additional risks related to those new market areas. We may not be able to expand our market presence in our existing market areas or successfully enter new markets.
If we do not successfully execute our acquisition growth plan, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and growth prospects. In addition, if we were to conclude that the value of an acquired business had decreased, that conclusion may result in an impairment charge to goodwill or other tangible or intangible assets, which would adversely affect our results of operations. While we believe we have the executive management resources and internal systems in place to successfully manage our future growth, there can be no assurance growth opportunities will be available or that we will successfully manage our growth.
Additionally, we may pursue divestitures of non-strategic branches or other assets. Such divestitures involve various risks, including the risks of not being able to timely or fully replace liquidity previously provided by deposits which may be transferred as part of a divestiture, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
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General Risk Factors
Shares of our common stock are not insured deposits and may lose value.
Shares of our common stock are not savings accounts, deposits or other obligations of any depository institution and are not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or any other governmental agency or instrumentality, any other DIF or by any other public or private entity, and are subject to investment risk, including the possible loss of principal.
Any future economic downturn could have a material adverse effect on our capital, financial condition, results of operations, and future growth.
Management continually monitors market conditions and economic factors affecting our business. If conditions were to worsen nationally, regionally or locally, then we could see a sharp increase in our total net charge-offs and also be required to significantly increase our ACL. Furthermore, the demand for loans and our other products and services could decline. An increase in our non-performing assets and related increases in our provision for credit losses, coupled with a potential decrease in the demand for loans and our other products and services, could negatively affect our business and could have a material adverse effect on our capital, financial condition, results of operations and future growth. Our customers may also be adversely impacted by changes in regulatory, trade (including trade wars and tariffs), monetary, and tax policies and laws, all of which could reduce demand for loans and adversely impact our borrowers' ability to repay our loans. The potential erosion of Federal Reserve independence could negatively impact financial markets and impact our profitability. The U.S. government’s decisions regarding its debt ceiling and the possibility that the U.S. could default on its debt obligations may cause further interest rate increases, disrupt access to capital markets and deepen recessionary conditions. The effects of a possible economic downturn could continue for many years after the downturn is considered to have ended.
In addition, geopolitical instability, including military conflicts, global tensions among major economies, sanctions regimes, disruptions to global trade, and volatility in commodity and energy markets, could adversely affect U.S. and regional economic conditions, reduce business and consumer confidence, impair supply chains, increase inflationary pressures and negatively affect our borrowers’ cash flows and repayment capacity.
A reduction in consumer confidence could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.
Significant market volatility driven in part by concerns relating to, among other things, bank failures, actions by the U.S. Congress or imposed through Executive Order by the President of the United States, including evolving federal policies and regulatory actions related to so called “debanking,” as well as global political actions or events, including natural disasters, health emergencies or pandemics, could adversely affect the U.S. or global economies, with direct or indirect impacts on the Company and our business. Results could include reduced consumer and business confidence, credit deterioration, diminished capital markets activity, and actions by the Federal Reserve impacting interest rates or other U.S. monetary policy.
We must attract and retain skilled personnel.
Our success depends, in substantial part, on our ability to attract and retain skilled, experienced personnel in key positions within the organization. Competition for qualified candidates in the activities and markets that we serve is intense. If we are not able to hire, adequately compensate, or retain these key individuals, we may be unable to execute our business strategies and may suffer adverse consequences to our business, financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, U.S. banking regulators have issued, and may continue to revise, policies and guidance relating to incentive compensation practices. Any enhanced restrictions, requirements or supervisory expectations relating to compensation could adversely affect our ability to hire, retain, and motivate key associates or could necessitate changes to our compensation structures that reduce our competitiveness in the labor market.
| Item 1B. | Unresolved Staff Comments | ||||
None.
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| Item 1C. | Cybersecurity | ||||
Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy
The Company’s information security program is designed to protect systems and sensitive information from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, alteration, or destruction, and to maintain the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our information assets, including employee and customer non-public information, financial data, and internal operational information. Our CISO, who reports to our CRO, manages our information security strategy and development within our overarching ERM program.
The Company recognizes the importance of maintaining a cybersecurity risk management system designed to reduce the risks that cybersecurity threats pose to financial institutions. As a result, cybersecurity risk is managed as a key operational risk within our ERM framework. In addition to first‑line ownership by our Information Security and Technology teams, independent second‑line risk functions, including our CISO, oversee cyber risk and control effectiveness. Our Internal Audit function conducts periodic reviews of cybersecurity governance, risk management processes, and selected controls, and reports results to management and the Board.
The Company’s cybersecurity program, including our information security policies, is designed to align with regulatory guidance and industry practices, (e.g., NIST Cybersecurity Framework and FFIEC guidance) and is periodically assessed through independent reviews and external testing to inform control enhancements. To protect our information systems, network, and information assets from cybersecurity threats, we use various security tools, products and processes that help identify, prevent, investigate, and remediate cybersecurity threats and security incidents.
The Company’s Information Security team monitors threat intelligence sources to research evolving threats, investigates the potential impact to financial services companies, examines company controls to detect and defend against those threats, and proactively adjusts company defenses against those threats. The Information Security team also actively monitors company networks and systems to detect suspicious or malicious events, including through penetration testing and periodic vulnerability scans. Additionally, a managed security service provider supplements our efforts to provide 24 hours a day, seven days a week coverage, and we work with leading cybersecurity companies and organizations to leverage third-party technology and expertise as appropriate.
We maintain policies and procedures for the safe storage, handling and secure disposal of customer information. Each employee is expected to be responsible for the security and confidentiality of customer information, and we communicate this responsibility to employees upon hiring and regularly throughout their employment. Annually, we provide employees with mandatory security awareness training. The curriculum includes the recognition and appropriate handling of potential phishing emails, which could, ultimately, place sensitive customer or employee information at risk. The Company employs a number of technical controls to mitigate the risk of phishing emails targeting employees. We conduct testing monthly to assess our employees susceptibility to phishing test emails, and we require susceptible employees to take additional training and provide regular reports to management.
As part of our information security program, we have adopted a Cyber Incident Response Plan (“Incident Response Plan”) which is administered by our CISO who closely coordinates with the Company’s Information Technology team. The Incident Response Plan describes the Company’s processes, procedures, and responsibilities for responding to cybersecurity incidents, and identifies those team members responsible for assessing potential security incidents, declaring an incident, and initiating a response. The Incident Response Plan outlines action steps for investigating, containing, and remediating a cybersecurity incident, and includes procedures for escalation and reporting of potentially significant cybersecurity incidents to the Company’s Senior Leadership Team, including the CEO, CFO, CRO, Head of Legal, and the Board of Directors. As necessary, the Company may retain a third-party firm to assist with forensic investigation and management of cybersecurity incidents . Annually, our incident response team performs exercises to simulate responses to cybersecurity events. Each exercise results in lessons learned and subsequent improvement to the Incident Response Plan.
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Cybersecurity Governance
Our Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing the Company’s business and affairs, including risks associated with cybersecurity threats. The Board oversees the Company’s corporate risk governance processes primarily through its committees, and oversight of cybersecurity threats is delegated primarily to our ITC.
The ERMC of the Board has primary responsibility for overseeing the Company’s comprehensive ERM program. The ERM program assists senior management in identifying, assessing, monitoring, and managing risk, including cybersecurity risk, in a rapidly changing environment. Cybersecurity matters and assessments are regularly included in both ITC and ERMC meetings.
The Board’s oversight of cybersecurity risk is supported by our CISO . The CISO attends ITC and ERMC meetings and provides cybersecurity updates to these Board committees. The CISO also provides annual risk assessments and reports regarding the information security program to the full Board of Directors. Cybersecurity risk metrics and program updates are reported to management and Board committees on a regular cadence, with periodic tabletop exercises and director education sessions supporting oversight.
Our CRO, in conjunction with our CISO, facilitate the involvement of the ITC in oversight of potentially significant cybersecurity incidents. Potential incidents are evaluated for materiality without unreasonable delay, consistent with SEC rules. If an incident (or series of related occurrences) is determined to be material, we disclose in a timely manner on Form 8-K Item 1.05 and provide updates as appropriate.
Management across Information Security, Technology, Operations, Legal/Compliance, Risk Management, and Corporate Audit coordinate on cybersecurity risk matters through established committees and reporting routines.
The Company’s CISO directs the company’s information security program and our information technology risk management. In this role, in addition to the responsibilities discussed above, the CISO supports the information security risk oversight responsibilities of the Board and its committees. The CISO is also responsible for the Company’s information technology governance, risk, and compliance program and ensures that high level risks receive appropriate attention. The Information Security team examines risks to the Company’s information systems and assets, designs and implements security solutions, monitors the environment, and provides responses to threats.
Our CISO has cybersecurity and information technology experience spanning more than 30 years. Prior experience includes serving as the CISO for a multi-national cloud hosting organization serving the legal community and several senior leadership roles in both information technology and information security at a large financial institution, Fortune 500 organizations and a large professional services firm. The CISO holds a degree in Computer Science and maintains appropriate industry certifications.
| Item 2. | Properties | ||||
Seacoast maintains its corporate headquarters in a 68,000 square foot building at 815 Colorado Avenue in Stuart, Florida. The building is owned by Seacoast Bank.
Seacoast Bank owns or leases all of the buildings in which its business operates. At December 31, 2025, Seacoast Bank had 104 branch offices located in Florida and Georgia, in addition to stand-alone commercial lending offices throughout the footprint. For additional information regarding properties, please refer to Note 7 - Bank Premises and Equipment and Note 11 - Lease Commitments to our audited consolidated financial statements.
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| Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | ||||
The Company and its subsidiaries, because of the nature of their businesses, are at all times subject to numerous legal actions, threatened or filed. Management presently believes that none of the legal proceedings to which it is a party are likely to have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, operating results or cash flows.
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | ||||
Not applicable.
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Part II
| Item 5. | Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | ||||
Holders of the Company's common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters presented to shareholders for their vote, as provided in our Articles of Incorporation, as amended.
The Company's common stock is traded under the symbol “SBCF” on the NASDAQ. As of January 31, 2026, there were 97,958,734 shares of the Company's common stock outstanding, held by approximately 2,224 record holders.
Dividends from Seacoast Bank are the Company's primary source of funds to pay dividends to its shareholders. Under the National Bank Act, national banks may in any calendar year, without the approval of the OCC, pay dividends to the extent of net profits for that year, plus retained net profits for the preceding two years (less any required transfers to surplus). The need for Seacoast Bank to maintain adequate capital also limits dividends that may be paid to the Company.
For additional information regarding restrictions on the ability of Seacoast Bank to pay dividends to the Company see “Item 1. Business- Payment of Dividends” of this Form 10-K.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
See the information included under Part III, Item 12, which is incorporated in response to this item by reference.
Share Repurchase Program and Other Repurchases
On December 19, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the renewal of the Company's share repurchase program, under which the Company may, from time to time, purchase up to $150 million of its shares of outstanding common stock, an increase over the previous share repurchase program. Under the share repurchase program, which will expire on December 31, 2026, repurchases will be made, if at all, in accordance with applicable securities laws and may be made from time to time in the open market, by block purchase or by negotiated transactions. The amount and timing of repurchases, if any, will be based on a variety of factors, including share acquisition price, regulatory limitations, market conditions and other factors. The program does not obligate the Company to purchase any of its shares, and may be terminated or amended by the Board of Directors at any time prior to its expiration date.
The following table provides details of our common stock repurchases for the three months ended December 31, 2025:
| Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased1 | Average Price Paid Per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Public Announced Plan | Maximum Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plan (in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10/1/25 to 10/31/25 | 9,322 | $ | 30.66 | — | $ | 100,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 11/1/25 to 11/30/25 | — | — | — | 100,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 12/1/25 to 12/31/25 | — | — | — | 150,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total - 4th Quarter | 9,322 | $ | 30.66 | — | $ | 150,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||
1Includes shares that were repurchased to pay for the exercises of stock options or for income taxes owed on vesting shares of restricted stock. These shares were not purchased under the Company's stock repurchase plan to repurchase shares. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Item 6. | [Reserved] | ||||
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| Item 7. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | ||||
The purpose of this discussion and analysis is to aid in understanding significant changes in the financial condition of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida and its subsidiaries (“Seacoast” or the “Company”) and their results of operations. Nearly all of the Company’s operations are contained in its banking subsidiary, Seacoast National Bank (“Seacoast Bank” or the “Bank”). Such discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included in this report.
The emphasis of this discussion will be on the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. Additional information about the Company’s financial condition and results of operations in 2023 and changes in the Company’s financial condition and results of operations from 2023 to 2024 may be found in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.
This discussion and analysis contains statements that may be considered “forward-looking statements” as defined in, and subject to the protections of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See the “Special Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for additional information regarding forward-looking statements.
For purposes of the following discussion, the words “Seacoast” or the “Company” refer to the combined entities of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries.
Overview – Strategy and Results
Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (“Seacoast” or the “Company”), a financial holding company registered under the BHC Act of 1956, is one of the largest banks in Florida, with $20.8 billion in assets and $16.3 billion in deposits as of December 31, 2025. Its principal subsidiary is Seacoast National Bank (“Seacoast Bank”), a wholly owned national banking association. The Company provides integrated financial services including commercial and consumer banking, wealth management, mortgage and insurance services to customers through advanced online and mobile banking solutions, and Seacoast Bank's network of 104 full-service branches. Seacoast's balanced growth strategy, combining organic growth with value-creating acquisitions, continues to benefit shareholders and expand the franchise.
Business Developments
On October 1, 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of VBI. This transformative transaction expands the Company’s presence in North Central Florida and into The Villages® community, adding $1.2 billion in loans and $3.5 billion in deposits, along with 19 branches. VBI’s future growth potential and low loan-to-deposit ratio provide significant opportunity for expansive growth throughout the Seacoast footprint. Full integration and system conversion activities are expected to be completed early in the third quarter of 2026.
In the third quarter of 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of Heartland, adding approximately $153.3 million in loans and $705.2 million in deposits, along with four branches in Central Florida. Integration activities, including system conversion, were also completed in the third quarter of 2025.
Seacoast’s balanced growth strategy includes both acquisitions and organic growth initiatives. In recent years, Seacoast has added experienced bankers in dynamic and growing markets, leading to significant growth in new relationships. These efforts have supported core deposit generation, loan production, and expansion of client relationships across multiple product lines. In 2025, Seacoast expanded its footprint with the opening of five new branch locations, including four in some of Florida's fastest-growing markets, and its first location outside Florida, in Woodstock, Georgia.
Results of Operations
2025 Financial Performance Highlights
•Net income of $144.9 million, an increase of $23.9 million, or 20%, compared to 2024, and adjusted net income1 of $169.5 million, an increase of $37.0 million, or 28%, compared to 2024.
•On an adjusted basis, pre-tax pre-provision earnings1 of $274.7 million increased 45% from the prior year.
1Non-GAAP measure, see “Explanation of Certain Unaudited Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and a reconciliation to GAAP.
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•Net interest income grew $121.5 million, or 28%, to $553.5 million, and the net interest margin expanded 34 basis points to 3.58%.
•9% organic loan growth, reflecting the value of investments made in recent years to attract talent and expand the commercial banking team.
•78% loan-to-deposit ratio, well positioned for continued growth and value creation.
•Continued strong capital position, with a Tier 1 capital ratio of 14.5%, and a tangible equity (including convertible preferred stock) to tangible assets ratio of 9.31%. Tangible equity and assets exclude goodwill and other intangible assets.
Net Interest Income and Margin
Net interest income for the year ended December 31, 2025, totaled $553.5 million, increasing $121.5 million, or 28%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was largely driven by growing loan and securities balances, along with lower deposit costs. Net interest income (on an FTE basis)1 for the year ended December 31, 2025, was $556.3 million, increasing $123.3 million, or 28%, compared to the year ended December 31, 2024.
Net interest margin (on an FTE basis)1 increased 34 basis points to 3.58% in 2025 compared to 3.24% in 2024, largely driven by lower deposit costs. Average interest-earning assets increased $2.2 billion, or 16%, during 2025 to $15.5 billion compared to $13.4 billion in 2024. During 2025, yields on interest-earning assets decreased to 5.40% from 5.44% in 2024 due to the lower interest rate environment. Average interest-bearing liabilities increased $1.8 billion, or 20%, during 2025 to $11.0 billion, including a $1.4 billion, or 17%, increase in interest-bearing deposits. The cost of average interest-bearing liabilities in 2025 decreased 63 basis points to 2.57% from 3.20% in 2024.
During 2025, average investment securities increased $1.2 billion to $3.9 billion, primarily due to bank acquisitions. Yields on securities increased 30 basis points from 3.68% in 2024 to 3.98% in 2025, reflecting the higher yield securities purchased and acquired. The Company actively manages the securities portfolio, and identified strategic restructuring opportunities in the fourth quarter of 2024 and the first quarter of 2026 that enhanced the portfolio's yield and positioning. Additional liquidity obtained through bank acquisitions provided further flexibility, and acquired securities portfolios were repositioned to align with higher yields.
Average loans totaled $11.0 billion for the year ended December 31, 2025, increasing $939.2 million, or 9%, compared to $10.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2024, through a combination of organic growth and bank acquisitions. Yields on loans increased four basis points from 5.93% in 2024 to 5.97% in 2025. Accretion of purchase discount on acquired loans added $39.0 million in interest income, adding 35 basis points to loan yields, for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $41.7 million, or 42 basis points, for the year ended December 31, 2024.
The Company’s deposit mix remains favorable, with 86% of average deposit balances comprised of savings, money market, and demand deposits in 2025. The cost of average total deposits (including noninterest-bearing demand deposits) decreased by 44 basis points to 1.79% in 2025, compared to 2.23% in 2024. The cost of funds decreased by 38 basis points to 1.94% in 2025, compared to 2.32% in 2024.
Sweep repurchase agreements with customers averaged $252.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, a decrease of $17.1 million, or 6%, compared to $269.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The average rate on customer repurchase accounts was 2.46% in 2025, compared to 3.49% in 2024.
The Company had an average balance of $592.9 million in FHLB borrowings outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2025, with an average interest rate of 4.27%. The average balance of FHLB borrowings was $184.0 million at 4.20% in 2024. The Company utilized short-term fixed-rate advances to fund securities purchases throughout 2025.
In 2025, average long-term debt of $107.5 million had an average rate of 6.20%. In 2024, average long-term debt of $106.6 million had an average rate of 7.02%.
34
The following table details the Company’s average balance sheets, interest income and expenses, and yields and rates1, for the past three years:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except ratios) | Average Balance | Interest | Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest | Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Interest | Yield/ Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable | $ | 3,835,729 | $ | 151,280 | 3.94 | % | $ | 2,702,763 | $ | 99,456 | 3.68 | % | $ | 2,611,299 | $ | 82,926 | 3.18 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nontaxable | 83,604 | 4,543 | 5.43 | 5,707 | 164 | 2.87 | 13,733 | 438 | 3.19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Securities | 3,919,333 | 155,823 | 3.98 | 2,708,470 | 99,620 | 3.68 | 2,625,032 | 83,364 | 3.18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold | 425,320 | 17,710 | 4.16 | 446,149 | 23,619 | 5.29 | 368,659 | 18,871 | 5.12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits with other banks and other investments | 151,359 | 6,944 | 4.59 | 102,552 | 4,983 | 4.86 | 90,692 | 5,718 | 6.30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Loans, net | 11,035,340 | 658,728 | 5.97 | 10,096,189 | 598,411 | 5.93 | 9,889,070 | 581,825 | 5.88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Earning Assets | 15,531,352 | 839,205 | 5.40 | % | 13,353,360 | 726,633 | 5.44 | % | 12,973,453 | 689,778 | 5.32 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ACL | (149,478) | (144,280) | (150,982) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks | 157,955 | 167,367 | 184,035 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bank premises and equipment, net | 123,456 | 110,341 | 116,516 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets | 913,906 | 815,945 | 816,662 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BOLI | 318,261 | 303,486 | 290,218 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other assets including DTAs | 340,007 | 327,539 | 392,872 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | 17,235,459 | $ | 14,933,758 | $ | 14,622,774 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock & Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing demand | $ | 3,038,889 | $ | 45,781 | 1.51 | % | $ | 2,614,893 | $ | 54,960 | 2.10 | % | $ | 2,686,936 | $ | 41,438 | 1.54 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Savings | 665,860 | 3,955 | 0.59 | 570,046 | 2,283 | 0.40 | 851,347 | 1,796 | 0.21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market | 4,473,830 | 127,644 | 2.85 | 3,775,352 | 140,967 | 3.73 | 2,941,916 | 83,301 | 2.83 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | 1,887,214 | 67,348 | 3.57 | 1,656,269 | 70,777 | 4.27 | 1,348,152 | 52,254 | 3.88 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 252,168 | 6,210 | 2.46 | 269,255 | 9,390 | 3.49 | 270,999 | 8,323 | 3.07 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHLB borrowings | 592,946 | 25,294 | 4.27 | 183,962 | 7,726 | 4.20 | 175,247 | 6,378 | 3.64 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net and other | 107,523 | 6,666 | 6.20 | 106,624 | 7,485 | 7.02 | 104,158 | 7,245 | 6.96 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities | 11,018,430 | 282,898 | 2.57 | % | 9,176,401 | 293,588 | 3.20 | % | 8,378,755 | 200,735 | 2.40 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest demand | 3,582,837 | 3,455,907 | 4,087,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 162,256 | 149,389 | 131,302 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities | 14,763,523 | 12,781,697 | 12,597,392 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible preferred stock | 86,487 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity | 2,385,449 | 2,152,061 | 2,025,382 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock & Equity | $ | 17,235,459 | $ | 14,933,758 | $ | 14,622,774 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of deposits | 1.79 | % | 2.23 | % | 1.50 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of funds2 | 1.94 | % | 2.32 | % | 1.61 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense as a % of earning assets | 1.82 | % | 2.20 | % | 1.55 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income as a % of earning assets | $ | 556,307 | 3.58 | % | $ | 433,045 | 3.24 | % | $ | 489,043 | 3.77 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1On an FTE basis. All yields and rates have been computed using amortized costs. Fees on loans have been included in interest on loans. Nonaccrual loans are included in loan balances. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2Total interest expense as a percentage of total interest-bearing liabilities and noninterest demand deposits. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
35
The following table shows the impact of changes in volume and rate on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities1:
| 2025 vs 2024 | 2024 vs 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due to Change in: | Due to Change in: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Volume | Rate | Total | Volume | Rate | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount of increase (decrease) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-Earning Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable | $ | 43,187 | $ | 8,637 | $ | 51,824 | $ | 3,135 | $ | 13,395 | $ | 16,530 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nontaxable | 3,236 | 1,143 | 4,379 | (243) | (31) | (274) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Securities | 46,423 | 9,780 | 56,203 | 2,892 | 13,364 | 16,256 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold | (985) | (4,924) | (5,909) | 4,034 | 714 | 4,748 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other investments | 2,305 | (344) | 1,961 | 662 | (1,397) | (735) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans | 55,862 | 4,455 | 60,317 | 12,231 | 4,355 | 16,586 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Interest-Earning Assets | 103,605 | 8,967 | 112,572 | 19,819 | 17,036 | 36,855 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-Bearing Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing demand | 7,650 | (16,829) | (9,179) | (1,313) | 14,835 | 13,522 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Savings | 476 | 1,196 | 1,672 | (860) | 1,347 | 487 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market accounts | 23,004 | (36,328) | (13,324) | 27,359 | 30,307 | 57,666 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | 9,055 | (12,484) | (3,429) | 12,555 | 5,968 | 18,523 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Deposits | 40,185 | (64,445) | (24,260) | 37,741 | 52,457 | 90,198 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | (508) | (2,672) | (3,180) | (57) | 1,124 | 1,067 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHLB borrowings | 17,312 | 257 | 17,569 | 342 | 1,006 | 1,348 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other borrowings | 59 | (878) | (819) | 172 | 68 | 240 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities | 57,048 | (67,738) | (10,690) | 38,198 | 54,655 | 92,853 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Interest Income | $ | 46,557 | $ | 76,705 | $ | 123,262 | $ | (18,379) | $ | (37,619) | $ | (55,998) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1On an FTE basis. All yields and rates have been computed using amortized costs. Fees on loans have been included in interest on loans. Nonaccrual loans are included in loan balances. Changes attributable to rate/volume (mix) are allocated to rate and volume on an equal basis. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses was $51.3 million in 2025 compared to $16.3 million in 2024. Included in 2025 is $24.6 million of day-1 provisions for credit losses on loans added through bank acquisitions. The remainder of the increase in 2025 reflects additions to the allowance for credit losses aligned with organic loan growth. Allowance coverage of 1.42% at December 31, 2025 increased eight basis points compared to December 31, 2024, with the increase attributed to acquired portfolios.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income totaled $99.2 million in 2025, an increase of $15.7 million, or 19%, compared to 2024. Noninterest income accounted for 15% of total revenue in 2025 and 16% in 2024 (Net Interest Income plus Noninterest income).
36
Noninterest income is detailed as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) | 2025 | 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||||
| Service charges on deposit accounts | $ | 23,386 | $ | 20,852 | 12 % | |||||||||||||||
| Wealth management income | 18,562 | 15,168 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage banking income | 4,714 | 1,774 | 166 | |||||||||||||||||
| Interchange income | 8,193 | 7,599 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Insurance agency income | 5,581 | 5,196 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||
| BOLI income | 12,410 | 10,065 | 23 | |||||||||||||||||
| Other | 26,826 | 30,790 | (13) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Noninterest Income Before Securities (Losses) Gains, Net | 99,672 | 91,444 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||
| Securities losses, net | (522) | (8,016) | (93) | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Noninterest Income | $ | 99,150 | $ | 83,428 | 19 % | |||||||||||||||
Service charges on deposits for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased $2.5 million, or 12%, compared to the prior year to $23.4 million. The increase primarily reflects the addition of relationships from bank acquisitions and organic growth.
Wealth management income, including brokerage commissions and fees and trust income, increased $3.4 million, or 22%, to $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025. Assets under management have grown by $754.8 million or 37%, year-over-year to $2.8 billion as of December 31, 2025. The wealth management division has continued its success in building new relationships, adding $549 million in new organic assets under management in 2025.
Mortgage banking income increased $2.8 million, or 166%, to $4.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to 2024, reflecting the addition of mortgage banking activities from the VBI acquisition.
Interchange revenue totaled $8.2 million in 2025, an increase of 8% from $7.6 million in 2024.
Insurance agency income totaled $5.6 million in 2025, an increase of 7% from $5.2 million in 2024, reflecting continued growth and expansion of insurance services.
BOLI income totaled $12.4 million in 2025, an increase of $2.3 million, or 23%, compared to the prior year. Death benefit payouts in 2025 totaled $2.2 million.
Other income totaled $26.8 million in 2025, reflecting a decrease of $4.0 million, or 13%, year-over-year. The decrease from the prior year primarily reflects lower gains on SBIC investments and loan sales, partially offset by $3.0 million in tax refunds received related to a prior bank acquisition.
Securities losses in 2025 totaled $0.5 million compared to securities losses in 2024 of $8.0 million. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company sold approximately $217.0 million in AFS securities, resulting in losses of $12.0 million, allowing for reinvestment at higher yields. These losses were partially offset by gains of $4.1 million on the sale of the Company’s holdings of Visa Class B stock.
Noninterest Expense
The Company has demonstrated its commitment to efficiency through disciplined, proactive management of its cost structure. Noninterest expenses in 2025 totaled $414.9 million, including $32.4 million in merger and integration costs. In 2024, noninterest expenses totaled $343.3 million, including $7.1 million in branch consolidation and other expense reduction initiatives and $0.3 million in costs to prepare for and recover from hurricane events. Adjusted noninterest expense1 in 2025 totaled $382.4 million, an increase of 14% from 2024, largely associated with the overall growth of the organization, including from the two bank acquisitions in 2025. Seacoast continues to prudently manage expenses while strategically investing to support continued growth.
1Non-GAAP measure, see “Explanation of Certain Unaudited Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and a reconciliation to GAAP.
37
Noninterest expenses are detailed as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) | 2025 | 2024 | % Change | |||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and wages | $ | 186,938 | $ | 162,316 | 15 % | |||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits | 32,844 | 28,253 | 16 | |||||||||||||||||
| Outsourced data processing costs | 37,623 | 36,638 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy | 31,790 | 29,547 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | 9,421 | 8,031 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||
| Marketing | 11,364 | 10,776 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||
| Legal and professional fees | 8,591 | 9,648 | (11) | |||||||||||||||||
| FDIC assessments | 9,592 | 8,445 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles | 26,819 | 23,884 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||
| OREO expense and net (gain) loss on sale | (126) | 440 | (129) | |||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments | 1,262 | 1,001 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||
| Merger and integration costs | 32,423 | — | N/A | |||||||||||||||||
| Other expense | 26,319 | 24,322 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Noninterest Expense | $ | 414,860 | $ | 343,301 | 21 % | |||||||||||||||
Salaries and wages totaled $186.9 million in 2025, an increase of $24.6 million, or 15%, compared to 2024. Employee benefit costs, which include costs associated with the Company's self-funded health insurance benefits, 401(k) plan, payroll taxes, and unemployment compensation, increased $4.6 million, or 16%, compared to 2024. The increase reflects the continued expansion of the Company’s footprint, including the completion of the bank acquisitions, and higher performance driven incentive compensation.
The Company utilizes third parties for core data processing systems. Ongoing data processing costs are directly related to the number of transactions processed and the negotiated rates associated with those transactions. Outsourced data processing costs totaled $37.6 million in 2025, an increase of $1.0 million, or 3%, compared to 2024. The increase reflects higher transaction volume and growth in customers, including from bank acquisitions.
Total occupancy, furniture and equipment expenses in 2025 totaled $41.2 million, an increase of $3.6 million, or 10%, compared to 2024. The increases are largely due to growth in the branch network.
During 2025, marketing expenses totaled $11.4 million, an increase of $0.6 million, or 5%, compared to $10.8 million in 2024.
Legal and professional fees decreased by $1.1 million in 2025, or 11%, to $8.6 million. Changes between periods are largely associated with the timing of various projects.
FDIC assessments were $9.6 million in 2025, an increase of $1.1 million, or 14%, compared to $8.4 million in 2024.
Amortization of intangibles increased $2.9 million, or 12%, to $26.8 million during 2025 from $23.9 million in 2024 with the addition of $131.5 million in CDI assets from bank acquisitions. These assets will be amortized using an accelerated amortization method.
OREO expense and net (gain) loss on sale was a net gain of $0.1 million in 2025, compared to a net loss of $0.4 million in 2024.
Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments was $1.3 million in 2025 and $1.0 million in 2024.
Merger and integration costs were $32.4 million in 2025. There were no merger and integration costs during 2024.
Other expense totaled $26.3 million in 2025, an increase of $2.0 million, or 8%, compared to $24.3 million in 2024.
38
Income Taxes
In 2025, the provision for income taxes totaled $41.6 million, compared to $34.9 million in 2024, an increase of $6.8 million, or 19%. The increase reflects higher pre-tax income in 2025. The effective tax rate for 2025 was 22.3%, compared to 22.4% in 2024.
New federal tax legislation was signed into law on July 4, 2025, which includes a broad range of tax reform provisions, and extends or makes permanent various tax provisions that were originally enacted in the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. While the new legislation was significant, it did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements as the primary impact was the continuation of tax provisions that were already reflected in the results.
Fourth Quarter Results and Analysis
Net income totaled $34.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, a decrease of $2.2 million, or 6%, from the third quarter of 2025, and an increase of $0.2 million, or 1%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. Adjusted net income1 totaled $47.7 million, an increase of $2.6 million, or 6%, from the third quarter of 2025, and an increase of $7.2 million, or 18%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. Diluted EPS was $0.31 and adjusted diluted EPS12was $0.44 in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to diluted EPS of $0.42 and adjusted diluted EPS1 of $0.52 in the third quarter of 2025, and compared to diluted EPS of $0.40 and adjusted diluted EPS1 of $0.48 in the fourth quarter of 2024.
Net revenues, which are calculated as net interest income plus noninterest income, were $203.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, an increase of $46.0 million, or 29%, from the third quarter of 2025 and an increase of $70.4 million, or 53%, from the fourth quarter of 2024.
Net interest income totaled $174.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, an increase of $41.2 million, or 31%, from the third quarter of 2025, and an increase of $58.8 million, or 51%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. The increase was largely driven by growing loan and securities balances. Accretion on acquired loans was $10.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, $9.5 million in the third quarter of 2025, and $11.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. Securities income increased $20.7 million, or 58%, from the third quarter of 2025, primarily through the acquisition of VBI. Interest expense on deposits increased $6.9 million, or 16%, from the third quarter of 2025, and increased $2.6 million, or 5%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. The increase from the third quarter 2025 reflects higher average balances and the addition of VBI customers.
Net interest margin increased nine basis points to 3.66% in the fourth quarter of 2025 compared to 3.57% in the third quarter of 2025, and increased 27 basis points compared to 3.39% in the fourth quarter of 2024. Excluding the effects of accretion on acquired loans, net interest margin expanded 12 basis points to 3.44% in the fourth quarter of 2025 compared to 3.32% in the third quarter of 2025, and increased 39 basis points compared to 3.05% in the fourth quarter of 2024. Loan yields were 6.02%, an increase of six basis points from the third quarter of 2025, and an increase of nine basis points from the fourth quarter of 2024. Securities yields increased 21 basis points to 4.13%, compared to 3.92% in the third quarter of 2025 and increased 37 basis points compared to 3.77% in the fourth quarter of 2024. The cost of deposits declined 14 basis points to 1.67% in the fourth quarter of 2025 compared to 1.81% in the third quarter of 2025, and declined 41 basis points compared to 2.08% in the fourth quarter of 2024. The cost of funds declined 16 basis points in the fourth quarter of 2025 to 1.80% from the third quarter of 2025, and declined 37 basis points compared to the fourth quarter of 2024.
The provision for credit losses was $29.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2025, compared to $8.4 million in the third quarter of 2025, and $3.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2024. The increase in the fourth quarter of 2025 was largely the result of the acquisition of VBI, which resulted in a day-one loan loss provision of $22.7 million. Allowance coverage of 1.42% increased eight basis points compared to September 30, 2025, with higher coverage levels assigned to acquired VBI loans.
Noninterest income totaled $28.6 million for the fourth quarter of 2025, an increase of $4.8 million, or 20%, when compared to the third quarter of 2025, and an increase of $11.6 million, or 68%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. Results for the fourth quarter of 2024 included an $8.0 million loss on the repositioning of a portion of the AFS securities portfolio. Other changes included the following:
•Service charges on deposits totaled $6.5 million, an increase of $0.3 million, or 4%, from the prior quarter and an increase of $1.3 million, or 26%, from the prior year quarter, reflecting the closing of the VBI acquisition and continued onboarding of new relationships.
12Non-GAAP measure, see “Explanation of Certain Unaudited Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for more information and a reconciliation to GAAP.
39
•Wealth management income totaled $5.5 million, an increase of $1.0 million, or 21%, from the prior quarter and an increase of $1.5 million, or 38%, from the prior year quarter. Assets under management have grown 37% year over year. The wealth management division has continued to deliver significant growth, adding $549 million in new organic assets under management in 2025.
•Mortgage banking income totaled $3.1 million, an increase from $0.5 million in the prior quarter and from $0.3 million in the prior year quarter, reflecting the addition of mortgage banking activities from the VBI acquisition.
•BOLI income totaled $2.7 million, a decrease of $1.2 million, or 31%, from the prior quarter and an increase of $0.1 million, or 2%, from the prior year quarter. The third quarter of 2025 included death benefit payouts of $1.3 million.
•Other income totaled $7.1 million, an increase of $1.1 million, or 18%, compared to the prior quarter and a decrease of $3.3 million, or 32%, from the prior year quarter. The increase from the prior quarter primarily reflects higher gains on SBIC investments. The decrease from the prior year quarter primarily reflects lower gains on SBIC investments and loan sales.
Noninterest expenses for the fourth quarter of 2025 totaled $130.5 million, an increase of $28.6 million, or 28%, from the third quarter of 2025 and an increase of $45.0 million, or 53%, from the fourth quarter of 2024. Results in the fourth quarter of 2025 included:
•Salaries and wages totaled $53.9 million, an increase of $7.6 million, or 16%, compared to the prior quarter and an increase of $11.6 million, or 27%, from the prior year quarter. The increase from the prior quarter reflects the continued expansion of the footprint, including the acquisition of VBI, and higher performance driven incentive compensation.
•Employee benefits totaled $8.5 million, an increase of $1.1 million, or 15%, compared to the prior quarter and an increase of $1.9 million, or 30%, from the prior year quarter.
•Outsourced data processing costs totaled $11.3 million, an increase of $1.9 million, or 21%, from the prior quarter and an increase of $3.0 million, or 36%, from the prior year quarter. The increases reflect higher transaction volume and growth in customers, including from the acquisition of VBI.
•Occupancy costs totaled $9.3 million, an increase of $1.7 million, or 22%, compared to the prior quarter and an increase of $2.1 million, or 29%, from the prior year quarter, due to growth in the branch network.
•Legal and professional fees totaled $2.1 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 26%, compared to the prior quarter and a decrease of $0.7 million, or 25%, from the prior year quarter. The increase is largely associated with the timing of various projects.
•Amortization of intangibles increased $4.4 million with the addition of $110.5 million in CDI assets from the VBI acquisition. These assets will be amortized using an accelerated amortization method over approximately 10 years.
•Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments increased $0.7 million as a result of the acquisition of VBI.
•Other expense totaled $7.2 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 22%, compared to the prior quarter and an increase of $1.2 million, or 20%, from the prior year quarter.
40
Outlook
The following performance metrics summarize the Company's current outlook for financial performance for the full year 2026 and the fourth quarter of 2026. These reflect assumptions the Company believes to be reasonable at this time; however, actual results may differ materially due to the factors described under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Forward‑Looking Statements.”
•Adjusted revenue (on an FTE basis) is expected to grow between 29% and 31%.
•Adjusted efficiency ratio of 53%-55%.
•Adjusted EPS-Diluted between $2.48 and $2.52.
•Adjusted ROA of 1.30% for the fourth quarter of 2026.
•Adjusted ROTE of 16.0% for the fourth quarter of 2026.
These are non-GAAP measures. See the "Explanation of Certain Unaudited Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for more information and a reconciliation to GAAP. Reconciliations of these adjusted outlook measures to the most comparable GAAP measure are not provided due to the difficulty in projecting transactional items included in the metrics without unreasonable efforts. The historical period reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures are indicative of the reconciliations that will be provided for the periods reflected by this outlook.
Our 2026 Outlook reflects assumptions including: 25 basis point cuts in the Federal Funds rate in June and September 2026, the forward curve as of January 2026, a stable economic environment, and the benefit of the securities repositioning executed in January 2026. Adjusted ROTE includes convertible preferred stock and adjusted diluted EPS is calculated treating all preferred shares as common. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of potential risks and uncertainties that could materially affect our future performance.
41
Explanation of Certain Unaudited Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This report contains financial information determined by methods other than GAAP. The financial highlights provide reconciliations between GAAP and adjusted financial measures including net income, FTE net interest income, noninterest income, noninterest expense, tax adjustments, net interest margin and other financial ratios. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures in its analysis of the Company’s performance and believes these presentations provide useful supplemental information, and a clearer understanding of the Company’s performance. The Company believes the non-GAAP measures enhance investors’ understanding of the Company’s business and performance and if not provided would be requested by the investor community. These measures are also useful in understanding performance trends and facilitate comparisons with the performance of other financial institutions. The limitations associated with operating measures are the risk that persons might disagree as to the appropriateness of items comprising these measures and that different companies might define or calculate these measures differently. The Company provides reconciliations between GAAP and these non-GAAP measures. These disclosures should not be considered an alternative to GAAP.
The following table provides reconciliations between GAAP and adjusted (non-GAAP) financial measures.
| Quarters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fourth | Third | Fourth | Full Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands except per share data) | 2025 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 34,260 | $ | 36,467 | $ | 34,085 | $ | 144,878 | $ | 120,986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest income | 28,631 | 23,818 | 17,068 | 99,150 | 83,428 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities (gains) losses, net | (84) | 841 | 8,388 | 522 | 8,016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total adjusted noninterest income | 28,547 | 24,659 | 25,456 | 99,672 | 91,444 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest expense | 130,546 | 101,987 | 85,575 | 414,860 | 343,301 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Merger and integration costs | (18,142) | (10,808) | — | (32,423) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business continuity expenses - hurricane events | — | — | (280) | — | (280) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Branch reductions and other expense initiatives | — | — | — | — | (7,094) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to noninterest expense | (18,142) | (10,808) | (280) | (32,423) | (7,374) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted noninterest expense | 112,404 | 91,179 | 85,295 | 382,437 | 335,927 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income taxes | 9,192 | 10,461 | 9,513 | 41,628 | 34,854 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax effect of adjustments | 4,577 | 2,952 | 2,197 | 8,350 | 3,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted income taxes | 13,769 | 13,413 | 11,710 | 49,978 | 38,754 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net income | 47,741 | 45,164 | 40,556 | 169,473 | 132,476 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earnings per common share-diluted, as reported | 0.31 | 0.42 | 0.40 | 1.57 | 1.42 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted earnings per common share- diluted | 0.44 | 0.52 | 0.48 | 1.84 | 1.56 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted earnings per common share-diluted, treating all preferred shares as common | $ | 0.44 | $ | 0.52 | $ | 0.48 | $ | 1.84 | $ | 1.56 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average common shares-diluted | 97,761 | 87,425 | 85,302 | 89,106 | 85,040 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average preferred shares, treating all preferred shares as common | 11,250 | — | — | 2,836 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average common shares-diluted, treating all preferred shares as common | 109,011 | 87,425 | 85,302 | 91,941 | 85,040 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted noninterest expense | $ | 112,404 | $ | 91,179 | $ | 85,295 | $ | 382,437 | $ | 335,927 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments | (812) | (150) | (250) | (1,262) | (1,001) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OREO expense and net gain (loss) on sale | 29 | 346 | (84) | 126 | (440) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles | (10,374) | (6,005) | (5,587) | (26,819) | (23,884) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net adjusted noninterest expense | 101,247 | 85,370 | 79,374 | 354,482 | 310,602 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average tangible assets | $ | 19,976,896 | $ | 15,658,723 | $ | 14,397,331 | $ | 16,321,553 | $ | 14,117,813 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net adjusted noninterest expense to average tangible assets | 2.01 | % | 2.16 | % | 2.19 | % | 2.17 | % | 2.20 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
42
| Quarters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fourth | Third | Fourth | Full Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands except per share data) | 2025 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net revenue | $ | 203,258 | $ | 157,286 | $ | 132,872 | $ | 652,626 | $ | 515,399 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total adjustments to net revenue | (84) | 841 | 8,388 | 522 | 8,016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of FTE adjustment | 1,617 | 438 | 311 | 2,832 | 1,074 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted net revenue on an FTE basis | $ | 204,791 | $ | 158,565 | $ | 141,571 | $ | 655,980 | $ | 524,489 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted efficiency ratio | 54.50 | % | 57.63 | % | 60.01 | % | 58.13 | % | 63.77 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | 174,627 | $ | 133,468 | $ | 115,804 | $ | 553,476 | $ | 431,971 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of FTE adjustment | 1,617 | 438 | 311 | 2,832 | 1,074 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income including FTE adjustment | 176,244 | 133,906 | 116,115 | 556,308 | 433,045 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest income | 28,631 | 23,818 | 17,068 | 99,150 | 83,428 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest expense less provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments | 129,734 | 101,837 | 85,325 | 413,598 | 342,300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pre-tax pre-provision earnings | 75,141 | 55,887 | 47,858 | 241,860 | 174,173 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total adjustments to noninterest income | (84) | 841 | 8,388 | 522 | 8,016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total adjustments to noninterest expense including OREO expense and net gain (loss) on sale | 18,113 | 10,462 | 364 | 32,297 | 7,814 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted pre-tax pre-provision earnings | 93,170 | 67,190 | 56,610 | 274,679 | 190,003 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average assets | 21,203,391 | 16,486,017 | 15,204,041 | 17,235,459 | 14,933,758 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less average goodwill and intangible assets | (1,226,495) | (827,294) | (806,710) | (913,906) | (815,945) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average tangible assets | $ | 19,976,896 | $ | 15,658,723 | $ | 14,397,331 | $ | 16,321,553 | $ | 14,117,813 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROA | 0.64 | % | 0.88 | % | 0.89 | % | 0.84 | % | 0.81 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of other adjustments for adjusted net income | 0.25 | 0.21 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.08 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted ROA | 0.89 | 1.09 | 1.06 | 0.98 | 0.89 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROE | 4.99 | 6.17 | 6.16 | 6.07 | 5.62 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of other adjustments for Adjusted Net Income | 1.96 | 1.47 | 1.16 | 1.03 | 0.54 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted ROE | 6.95 | % | 7.64 | % | 7.32 | % | 7.10 | % | 6.16 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average shareholders’ equity | $ | 2,724,208 | $ | 2,345,233 | $ | 2,203,052 | $ | 2,385,449 | $ | 2,152,061 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average convertible preferred stock | 343,125 | — | — | 86,487 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less average goodwill and intangible assets | (1,226,495) | (827,294) | (806,710) | (913,906) | (815,945) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Average tangible equity | $ | 1,840,838 | $ | 1,517,939 | $ | 1,396,342 | $ | 1,558,030 | $ | 1,336,116 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROE | 4.99 | % | 6.17 | % | 6.16 | % | 6.07 | % | 5.62 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of adding convertible preferred stock and removing average intangible assets and related amortization | 4.06 | 4.53 | 4.74 | 4.51 | 4.77 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ROTE | 9.05 | 10.70 | 10.90 | 10.58 | 10.39 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of other adjustments for adjusted net income | 2.91 | 2.28 | 1.84 | 1.58 | 0.86 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted ROTE | 11.96 | % | 12.98 | % | 12.74 | % | 12.16 | % | 11.25 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
43
| Quarters | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fourth | Third | Fourth | Full Year | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands except per share data) | 2025 | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan interest income1 | $ | 187,910 | $ | 162,341 | $ | 152,303 | $ | 658,728 | $ | 598,411 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion on acquired loans | (10,645) | (9,543) | (11,717) | (38,992) | (41,672) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan interest income excluding accretion on acquired loans1 | $ | 177,265 | $ | 152,798 | $ | 140,586 | $ | 619,736 | $ | 556,739 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Yield on loans1 | 6.02 | % | 5.96 | % | 5.93 | % | 5.97 | % | 5.93 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of accretion on acquired loans | (0.34) | (0.35) | (0.45) | (0.35) | (0.42) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yield on loans excluding accretion on acquired loans1 | 5.68 | % | 5.61 | % | 5.48 | % | 5.62 | % | 5.51 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income1 | $ | 176,244 | $ | 133,906 | $ | 116,115 | $ | 556,308 | $ | 433,045 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion on acquired loans | (10,645) | (9,543) | (11,717) | (38,992) | (41,672) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income excluding accretion on acquired loans1 | $ | 165,599 | $ | 124,363 | $ | 104,398 | $ | 517,316 | $ | 391,373 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin1 | 3.66 | % | 3.57 | % | 3.39 | % | 3.58 | % | 3.24 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of accretion on acquired loans | (0.22) | (0.25) | (0.34) | (0.26) | (0.31) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin excluding accretion on acquired loans1 | 3.44 | % | 3.32 | % | 3.05 | % | 3.33 | % | 2.93 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities interest income1 | $ | 57,852 | $ | 36,029 | $ | 26,986 | $ | 155,823 | $ | 99,620 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| FTE adjustment to securities | (1,114) | (10) | (7) | (1,139) | (29) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities interest income excluding FTE adjustment1 | 56,738 | 36,019 | 26,979 | 154,684 | 99,591 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan interest income1 | 187,910 | 162,341 | 152,303 | 658,728 | 598,411 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FTE adjustment to loans | (503) | (428) | (304) | (1,693) | (1,045) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loan interest income excluding FTE adjustment | 187,407 | 161,913 | 151,999 | 657,035 | 597,366 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income1 | 176,243 | 133,906 | 116,115 | 556,307 | 433,045 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FTE adjustment to securities | (1,114) | (10) | (7) | (1,139) | (29) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FTE adjustment to loans | (503) | (428) | (304) | (1,693) | (1,045) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income excluding FTE adjustments | $ | 174,626 | $ | 133,468 | $ | 115,804 | $ | 553,475 | $ | 431,971 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1On an FTE basis. All yields and rates have been computed using amortized cost. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
44
Financial Condition
Total assets increased $5.7 billion, or 37%, year-over-year to $20.8 billion at December 31, 2025, largely the result of bank acquisitions in the second half of 2025, which added $5.3 billion in assets.
Securities
Information related to yields, maturities, carrying values and fair value of the Company’s securities is set forth in “Note 3 - Securities” of the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
At December 31, 2025, the Company had $5.2 billion in securities AFS, and $586.2 million in HTM securities. The Company's total debt securities portfolio increased $2.9 billion, or 101.0%, from December 31, 2024. Throughout the first half of 2025, the Company made strategic securities purchases to deploy liquidity in advance of the Heartland and VBI acquisitions.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, there were $2.3 billion of debt securities purchased and $0.6 million in paydowns and maturities. Debt securities with a fair value of $19.8 million were sold in 2025, resulting in $1.0 million in realized losses. The Heartland acquisition added $357.9 million in securities, with $245.7 million sold shortly after the acquisition close. The VBI acquisition added $2.5 billion in securities, with $1.5 billion sold shortly after the acquisition close. With the VBI acquisition resulting in higher capital and lower dilution than originally modeled, along with constructive market conditions, in January 2026, the Company repositioned a portion of its AFS securities portfolio. Securities with an average book yield of 1.9% were sold, resulting in a pre-tax loss of approximately $39.5 million impacting first quarter 2026 results. The proceeds of approximately $277 million were reinvested in primarily agency mortgage-backed securities with an average taxable equivalent book yield of 4.8%. During the year ended December 31, 2024, there were $993.9 million of debt securities purchased and $428.0 million in paydowns and maturities. Debt securities with a fair value of $217.0 million were sold in 2024, resulting in $12.0 million in realized losses.
Debt securities generally return principal and interest monthly. The modified duration of the AFS securities portfolio and the total portfolio was 5.1 and 5.2, respectively, at December 31, 2025, compared to 4.7 and 4.9, respectively, at December 31, 2024.
At December 31, 2025, AFS securities had gross unrealized losses of $150.4 million and gross unrealized gains of $48.7 million, compared to gross unrealized losses of $211.3 million and gross unrealized gains of $3.5 million at December 31, 2024.
The credit quality of the Company’s securities holdings is primarily investment grade. U.S. Treasury securities, obligations of U.S. government agencies, and obligations of U.S. government sponsored entities totaled $4.6 billion, or 80%, of the total portfolio at December 31, 2025.
The portfolio includes $131.8 million, with a fair value of $127.4 million, in private label residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations with weighted-average credit support of 16%. The collateral underlying these mortgage investments includes both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate residential mortgage loans.
The Company also has invested $423.9 million in floating rate CLOs. CLOs are special purpose vehicles that purchase first lien broadly syndicated corporate loans while providing support to senior tranche investors. As of December 31, 2025, all of the Company's CLOs were in AAA/AA tranches with weighted-average credit support of 38%. The Company utilizes credit models with assumptions of loan level defaults, recoveries, and prepayments to evaluate each security for potential credit losses. The result of this analysis did not indicate expected credit losses.
HTM securities consist solely of mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations guaranteed by U.S. government-sponsored entities, each of which is expected to recover any price depreciation over its holding period as the debt securities move to maturity. The Company has significant liquidity and available borrowing capacity through other sources if needed and has the intent and ability to hold these investments to maturity.
At December 31, 2025, the Company has determined that all debt securities in an unrealized loss position are the result of both broad investment type spreads and the current interest rate environment. Management believes that each investment will recover any price depreciation over its holding period as the debt securities move to maturity, and management has the intent and ability to hold these investments to maturity if necessary. Therefore, at December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded.
45
The maturity distribution of AFS securities is detailed in the following table.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Less than 1 Year | After 1-5 Years | After 5-10 Years | After 10 Years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | $ | 6,086 | $ | 9,388 | $ | 30,102 | $ | 9,255 | $ | 54,831 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | 244 | 486 | 6,044 | 3,674,725 | 3,681,499 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | 36,344 | 90,112 | 196,859 | 71,850 | 395,165 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | — | — | 6,041 | 125,805 | 131,846 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLO | — | 12,902 | 47,570 | 363,392 | 423,864 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,485 | 500 | 6,305 | 328,127 | 336,417 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | 10,072 | 98,449 | 117,070 | 17,081 | 242,672 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total AFS Debt Securities | $ | 54,231 | $ | 211,837 | $ | 409,991 | $ | 4,590,235 | $ | 5,266,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | $ | 6,099 | $ | 9,424 | $ | 30,335 | $ | 8,887 | $ | 54,745 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | 244 | 483 | 6,086 | 3,580,686 | 3,587,499 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | 36,154 | 89,318 | 197,266 | 71,135 | 393,873 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | — | — | 6,058 | 121,339 | 127,397 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLO | — | 12,940 | 47,615 | 363,433 | 423,988 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 1,485 | 463 | 5,266 | 327,334 | 334,548 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | 10,078 | 98,525 | 116,655 | 17,259 | 242,517 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total AFS Debt Securities | $ | 54,060 | $ | 211,153 | $ | 409,281 | $ | 4,490,073 | $ | 5,164,567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted Average Yield1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | 4.23 | % | 4.65 | % | 4.87 | % | 5.05 | % | 4.79 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | 3.95 | 3.94 | 4.28 | 4.34 | 4.34 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | 3.43 | 3.92 | 4.14 | 5.40 | 4.33 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | — | — | 7.21 | 3.14 | 3.32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLO | — | 5.65 | 5.60 | 3.27 | 3.60 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | 2.95 | 1.55 | 2.01 | 4.26 | 4.21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | 3.99 | 4.43 | 5.32 | 5.99 | 4.52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total AFS Debt Securities | 3.61 | % | 4.29 | % | 4.71 | % | 4.24 | % | 4.28 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1All yields and rates have been computed using amortized costs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
46
The following table details the maturity distribution of HTM securities.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Less than 1 Year | After 1-5 Years | After 5-10 Years | After 10 Years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 498,931 | $ | 498,931 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | — | 65,909 | 21,338 | — | 87,247 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total HTM Debt Securities | $ | — | $ | 65,909 | $ | 21,338 | $ | 498,931 | $ | 586,178 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 408,235 | $ | 408,235 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | — | 62,818 | 18,507 | — | 81,325 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total HTM Debt Securities | $ | — | $ | 62,818 | $ | 18,507 | $ | 408,235 | $ | 489,560 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted Average Yield1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | — | % | — | % | — | % | 1.85 | % | 1.85 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | — | 2.40 | 1.86 | — | 2.27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total HTM Debt Securities | — | % | 2.40 | % | 1.86 | % | 1.85 | % | 1.91 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1All yields and rates have been computed using amortized costs. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Loan Portfolio
Loans, net of unearned income and excluding the ACL, were $12.6 billion at December 31, 2025, an increase of $2.3 billion, or 22.6%, from December 31, 2024. In 2025, the Company acquired $157.0 million and $1.3 billion in loans from Heartland and VBI, respectively. The Company also grew loans through new originations, reporting 9% organic growth in 2025.
The Company remains committed to sound risk management procedures. Portfolio diversification in terms of asset mix, industry, and loan type has been and continues to be an important element of the Company’s lending strategy. The average loan size is $435 thousand, and the average commercial loan size is $942 thousand at December 31, 2025, reflecting the Company’s longtime focus on granularity and on creating valuable customer relationships. Lending policies contain guardrails that pertain to lending by type of collateral and purpose, along with limits regarding loan concentrations and the principal amount of loans. The Company's exposure to CRE lending remains well below regulatory limits (see “Loan Concentrations”).
The following tables detail loan portfolio composition at December 31, 2025 and 2024 for portfolio loans, PCD loans, and loans purchased which are not considered credit deteriorated (“Non-PCD”) as defined in “Note 4 - Loans.”
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Portfolio Loans | Acquired Non-PCD Loans | PCD Loans | Total | % to Total Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | 579,141 | $ | 141,326 | $ | 3,463 | $ | 723,930 | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 1,505,798 | 509,118 | 28,709 | 2,043,625 | 16 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | 2,911,189 | 1,193,351 | 150,452 | 4,254,992 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | 2,101,868 | 963,836 | 33,155 | 3,098,859 | 25 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 1,828,038 | 476,130 | 16,821 | 2,320,989 | 18 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 141,768 | 43,321 | 500 | 185,589 | 1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | 9,067,802 | $ | 3,327,082 | $ | 233,100 | $ | 12,627,984 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Portfolio Loans | Acquired Non-PCD Loans | PCD Loans | Total | % to Total Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | 568,148 | $ | 79,370 | $ | 535 | $ | 648,053 | 6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 1,177,538 | 477,459 | 31,632 | 1,686,629 | 16 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | 2,243,056 | 1,156,849 | 103,903 | 3,503,808 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | 1,882,955 | 719,589 | 14,241 | 2,616,785 | 26 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 1,424,689 | 199,146 | 27,519 | 1,651,354 | 16 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 155,786 | 37,282 | 253 | 193,321 | 2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | 7,452,172 | $ | 2,669,695 | $ | 178,083 | $ | 10,299,950 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
The amortized cost basis of loans at December 31, 2025, and 2024 included net deferred costs of $46.3 million and $43.9 million, respectively. At December 31, 2025, the remaining fair value adjustments on acquired loans were $150.0 million, or 4.0% of the outstanding acquired loan balances, compared to $128.1 million, or 4.3% of the acquired loan balances at December 31, 2024. The discount is accreted into interest income over the remaining lives of the related loans on a level yield basis.
Construction and land development loans increased $75.9 million, or 11.7%, totaling $723.9 million at December 31, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024. These loans, extended to both commercial and consumer customers, are collateralized by and for the purpose of funding land development and construction projects. Repayment is from the proceeds of the sale, refinancing or permanent financing of the property. In 2025, the Company acquired $7.6 million and $102.1 million in Construction and land development loans from Heartland and VBI, respectively.
CRE owner occupied loans totaled $2.0 billion at December 31, 2025, an increase of $357.0 million, or 21% compared to December 31, 2024. CRE owner occupied loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring or
48
refinancing real estate to be occupied by the borrower's business. These loans are collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the performance of the company occupying the property. In 2025, the Company acquired $31.5 million and $93.3 million in CRE owner occupied loans from Heartland and VBI, respectively.
CRE non-owner occupied loans increased $751.2 million, or 21%, totaling $4.3 billion at December 31, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024. Non-owner occupied CRE loans are collateralized by properties where the source of repayment is typically from the sale or lease of the property. Within the non-owner occupied CRE portfolio, the largest segment is retail properties, which totaled approximately $1.4 billion at December 31, 2025, with an average loan size of $2.6 million. This segment targets grocery or credit tenant-anchored shopping plazas, single credit tenant retail buildings, smaller outparcels, and other small retail units. The second-largest segment in the non-owner occupied CRE portfolio is industrial or warehouse properties, which totaled $825.1 million at December 31, 2025, with an average loan size of $3.0 million, reflecting continued demand for logistics, distribution, and manufacturing space. The next largest segment in the non-owner occupied CRE portfolio is multi-family residential properties, which totaled $551.6 million at December 31, 2025, with an average loan size of $3.1 million. This segment consists primarily of stabilized, income-producing apartment properties. Other non-owner occupied CRE include $535.6 million collateralized by office properties, $326.7 million collateralized by hotels or motels, and $651.8 million collateralized by other property types, including restaurants, schools and recreation centers. In 2025, the Company acquired $40.2 million and $361.7 million in CRE non-owner occupied loans from Heartland and VBI, respectively.
Residential real estate loans increased $482.1 million, or 18%, year-over-year to $3.1 billion as of December 31, 2025. Included in the balance as of December 31, 2025 were $1.3 billion of fixed rate mortgages, $1.1 billion of ARMs, and $743.2 million in home equity loans and HELOCs, compared to $1.0 billion, $970.2 million, and $614.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2024. Substantially all residential mortgage originations have been underwritten to conventional loan agency standards, including loan balances that exceed agency value limitations. The average LTV of our HELOC portfolio is 58% with 35% of the loans being in first lien position at December 31, 2025, compared to an average LTV of 64% with 31% of the portfolio being in the first lien position at December 31, 2024. In 2025, the Company acquired $53.0 million and $365.9 million in Residential real estate loans from Heartland and VBI, respectively.
Commercial and financial loans increased year-over-year by $669.6 million, or 41%, totaling $2.3 billion at December 31, 2025. The purpose of these loans may be to provide working capital, asset acquisition or for other business purposes, and are generally supported by projected cash flows of the business, collateralized by business assets, and/or guaranteed by the business owners. The Company continues to exercise a disciplined approach to lending and is benefiting from the investments made in recent years to attract talent from large regional banks across its markets. This talent is onboarding significant new relationships, resulting in increased loan production. In 2025, the Company acquired $21.1 million and $335.8 million in Commercial and financial loans from Heartland and VBI, respectively.
The Company also provides consumer loans, which include installment loans, auto loans, marine loans, and other consumer loans, which decreased $7.7 million, or 4%, year-over-year to a total of $185.6 million at December 31, 2025, compared to December 31, 2024.
In 2026, the Company expects continued organic loan growth at a rate in the high single digits. Commercial production has continued to grow with the addition of talented bankers in recent years and the expansion of the brand into new markets. In addition, residential mortgage capabilities and opportunities through the acquisition of VBI create flexibility in adding both saleable and portfolio production. The Company's low loan-to-deposit ratio provides significant capacity for growth, while maintaining its disciplined credit strategy.
At December 31, 2025, the Company had unfunded commitments to extend credit of $3.5 billion, compared to $2.9 billion at December 31, 2024 (see “Note 15 - Contingent Liabilities and Commitments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements).
49
The following table presents loans by maturity, separately presenting fixed rate loans from those with floating or adjustable rates.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| After one year but within five years: | After five years but within fifteen years: | After fifteen years: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | In one year or less | Floating or adjustable | Fixed | Floating or adjustable | Fixed | Floating or adjustable | Fixed | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and Land Development | $ | 139,184 | $ | 256,961 | $ | 29,635 | $ | 112,219 | $ | 30,047 | $ | 144,422 | $ | 11,462 | $ | 723,930 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - Owner Occupied | 135,936 | 214,617 | 651,925 | 304,456 | 602,151 | 127,489 | 7,051 | 2,043,625 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - Non-owner Occupied | 496,971 | 1,284,565 | 1,166,911 | 667,195 | 333,628 | 300,615 | 5,107 | 4,254,992 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Real Estate | 57,839 | 36,023 | 17,848 | 434,713 | 155,487 | 1,215,311 | 1,181,638 | 3,098,859 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and Financial | 363,611 | 394,253 | 585,706 | 256,883 | 320,291 | 136,173 | 264,072 | 2,320,989 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 9,324 | 45,658 | 28,505 | 30,950 | 36,304 | 13,538 | 21,310 | 185,589 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,202,865 | $ | 2,232,077 | $ | 2,480,530 | $ | 1,806,416 | $ | 1,477,908 | $ | 1,937,548 | $ | 1,490,640 | $ | 12,627,984 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loan Concentrations
The Company has developed guardrails to manage loan types that are most impacted by stressed market conditions to minimize credit risk concentration to capital. Outstanding balances for commercial and CRE loan relationships greater than $10 million totaled $3.5 billion, representing 28% of the total portfolio at December 31, 2025, compared to $2.7 billion, or 26%, at December 31, 2024. The Company’s ten largest commercial and CRE funded and unfunded relationships at December 31, 2025 aggregated to $607.4 million, of which $518.4 million was funded, compared to $547.5 million at December 31, 2024, of which $433.0 million was funded.
Concentrations in construction and land development loans and CRE loans are maintained well below regulatory guidelines. Construction and land development and CRE loan concentrations as a percentage of subsidiary bank total risk-based capital were 34% and 227%, respectively, at December 31, 2025, compared to 38% and 237% as of December 31, 2024. Regulatory guidance suggests limits of 100% and 300%, respectively. On a consolidated basis, construction and land development and CRE loans represent 32% and 216%, respectively, of total consolidated risk-based capital as of December 31, 2025, compared to 36% and 224%, respectively, at December 31, 2024. To determine these ratios, the Company defines CRE in accordance with the Guidance issued by the federal bank regulatory agencies in 2006 (and reinforced in 2015), which defines CRE loans as exposures secured by land development and construction, including 1-4 family residential construction, multi-family property, and non-farm nonresidential property where the primary or a significant source of repayment is derived from rental income associated with the property (i.e., loans for which 50 percent or more of the source of repayment comes from third party, non-affiliated, rental income) or the proceeds of the sale, refinancing, or permanent financing of the property. Loans to REITs and unsecured loans to developers that closely correlate to the inherent risks in CRE markets would also be considered CRE loans under the Guidance. Loans on owner-occupied CRE are generally excluded. In addition, the Company is subject to a geographic concentration of credit because it primarily operates in Florida.
Nonperforming Loans, TBMs, OREO, and Credit Quality
NPAs at December 31, 2025 totaled $76.3 million, a decrease of $22.6 million, or 23%, compared to 2024, and were comprised of $72.0 million of nonaccrual loans, and $4.3 million of OREO, including $3.4 million of branches taken out of service. As of December 31, 2024, NPAs included nonaccrual loans of $92.4 million and OREO of $6.4 million including $5.5 million of branches taken out of service. Approximately 81% of nonaccrual loans were secured with real estate at December 31, 2025, compared to 69% at December 31, 2024. Nonperforming loans to total loans outstanding at December 31, 2025 decreased to 0.57% from 0.90% at December 31, 2024. NPAs to total assets at December 31, 2025 decreased to 0.37% from 0.65% at December 31, 2024. A significant portion of nonaccrual loans have collateral values well in excess of balances outstanding, and therefore, no loss is expected.
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The tables below set forth details related to nonaccrual loans.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Nonaccrual Loans With No Related Allowance | Nonaccrual Loans With an Allowance | Total Nonaccrual Loans | |||||||||||||||||
| Construction & land development | $ | 4,207 | $ | 1,812 | $ | 6,019 | ||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 15,546 | 5,120 | 20,666 | |||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | 18,202 | 1,173 | 19,375 | |||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | 1,448 | 10,654 | 12,102 | |||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 3,842 | 7,209 | 11,051 | |||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | — | 2,788 | 2,788 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total loans | $ | 43,245 | $ | 28,756 | $ | 72,001 | ||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Nonaccrual Loans With No Related Allowance | Nonaccrual Loans With an Allowance | Total Nonaccrual Loans | |||||||||||||||||
| Construction & land development | $ | 492 | $ | 660 | $ | 1,152 | ||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 2,622 | 6,118 | 8,740 | |||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | 29,449 | 433 | 29,882 | |||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | 6,462 | 17,432 | 23,894 | |||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 2,703 | 17,806 | 20,509 | |||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 2,416 | 5,853 | 8,269 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total loans | $ | 44,144 | $ | 48,302 | $ | 92,446 | ||||||||||||||
In accordance with regulatory reporting requirements, loans are placed on nonaccrual following the Retail Classification of Loan interagency guidance. The accrual of interest is generally discontinued on loans that become 90 days past due as to principal or interest unless collection of both principal and interest is assured by way of collateralization, guarantees or other security. Consumer loans that become 120 days past due are generally charged off. The loan carrying value is analyzed and any changes are appropriately made quarterly, as described above.
In certain circumstances, the Company provides modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, which the Company refers to as TBMs. As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had TBM loans with an amortized cost of $15.4 million and $11.6 million, respectively. Loans that were modified as TBMs during the twelve months ended December 31, 2025 are included in “Note 4 - Loans”.
| December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||
| Ratio of total NPAs to loans outstanding and OREO at end of period | 0.60 | % | 0.96 | % | |||||||
| Ratio of total nonaccrual loans to loans outstanding at end of period | 0.57 | 0.90 | |||||||||
| Ratio of ACL on loans to total nonaccrual loans | 248 | % | 149 | % | |||||||
The Company recognized interest income of $4.0 million and $1.3 million on nonaccrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
ACL on Loans
Management establishes the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The forecasts of future economic conditions are over a period that has been deemed reasonable and supportable, and in segments where it can no longer develop reasonable and
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supportable forecasts, the Company reverts to longer-term historical loss experience to estimate losses over the remaining life of the loans. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments.
Net charge-offs for 2025 were $13.6 million, or 0.12% of average loans, compared to $27.1 million, or 0.27%, for 2024. The ratio of allowance to total loans increased to 1.42% at December 31, 2025 from 1.34% at December 31, 2024, with the increase attributed to higher coverage on acquired VBI loans.
Activity in the ACL is summarized as follows:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Beginning Balance | Allowance on PCD Loans Acquired During the Period | Provision for Credit Losses | Charge- Offs | Recoveries | Ending Balance | % of Total Allowance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | 7,252 | $ | 46 | $ | 2,583 | $ | (156) | $ | 15 | $ | 9,740 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 11,825 | 190 | 5,137 | (728) | 104 | 16,528 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | 43,866 | 1,477 | 8,727 | (420) | 2,493 | 56,143 | 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | 39,168 | 743 | 11,583 | (410) | 213 | 51,297 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 27,533 | 639 | 22,639 | (15,521) | 2,653 | 37,943 | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 8,411 | 37 | 591 | (2,787) | 900 | 7,152 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 138,055 | $ | 3,132 | $ | 51,260 | $ | (20,022) | $ | 6,378 | $ | 178,803 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For the Year Ended December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Beginning Balance | Provision for Credit Losses | Charge- Offs | Recoveries | Ending Balance | % of Total Allowance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | 8,637 | $ | (1,404) | $ | (1) | $ | 20 | $ | 7,252 | 5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 5,529 | 6,629 | (341) | 8 | 11,825 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | 48,288 | (3,096) | (1,485) | 159 | 43,866 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | 39,016 | (150) | (134) | 436 | 39,168 | 28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 34,343 | 7,789 | (17,616) | 3,017 | 27,533 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 13,118 | 6,490 | (12,288) | 1,091 | 8,411 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | 148,931 | $ | 16,258 | $ | (31,865) | $ | 4,731 | $ | 138,055 | 100 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
Daily average loans outstanding1 | $ | 11,035,340 | $ | 10,096,189 | $ | 9,889,070 | ||||||||||||||
| Ratio of ACL on loans to loans outstanding at end of year | 1.42 | % | 1.34 | % | 1.48 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | — | % | — | % | — | % | ||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | 0.01 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | (0.02) | 0.02 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.17 | |||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.05 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding | 0.12 | % | 0.27 | % | 0.22 | % | ||||||||||||||
1 Net of unearned income. | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Cash and Cash Equivalents, Liquidity Risk Management, and Contractual Commitments
Liquidity risk involves the risk of being unable to fund assets with the appropriate duration and rate-based liability, as well as the risk of not being able to meet unexpected cash needs. Liquidity planning and management are necessary to ensure the ability to fund operations cost effectively and to meet current and future potential obligations such as loan commitments and unexpected deposit outflows.
Funding sources primarily include customer-based deposits, collateral-backed borrowings, brokered deposits, cash flows from operations, cash flows from the loan and investment portfolios and asset sales, primarily secondary marketing for residential real estate mortgages. Cash flows from operations are a significant component of liquidity risk management and the Company considers both deposit maturities and the scheduled cash flows from loan and investment maturities and payments when managing risk.
Cash and cash equivalents, including interest-bearing deposits, totaled $388.5 million at December 31, 2025, compared to $476.6 million at December 31, 2024.
In addition to $388.5 million in cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2025, the Company had $7.6 billion in available borrowing capacity, including $3.4 billion in available collateralized lines of credit, $3.8 billion of unpledged debt securities available as collateral for potential additional borrowings, and available unsecured lines of credit of $348.0 million. The Company may also access funding by acquiring brokered deposits. Brokered deposits at December 31, 2025 totaled $120.9 million compared to $293.6 million at December 31, 2024.
Deposits are a primary source of liquidity. The stability of this funding source is affected by numerous factors, including returns available to customers on alternative investments, the quality of customer service levels, perception of safety and competitive forces. Total uninsured deposits were estimated to be $6.0 billion at December 31, 2025, representing 37% of overall deposit accounts. This includes public funds under the Florida Qualified Public Depository program, which provides loss protection to depositors beyond FDIC insurance limits. Excluding such balances, the uninsured and uncollateralized deposits were 31% of total deposits. The Company has liquidity sources as discussed below, including cash and lines of credit with the FRB and FHLB, that represent 132% of uninsured deposits, and 157% of uninsured and uncollateralized deposits.
Contractual maturities for assets and liabilities are reviewed to meet current and expected future liquidity requirements. Sources of liquidity are maintained through a portfolio of high-quality marketable assets, such as residential mortgage loans, debt securities AFS, and interest-bearing deposits. The Company is also able to provide short-term financing of its activities by selling, under an agreement to repurchase, United States Treasury and Government agency debt securities not pledged to secure public deposits or trust funds.
The Company has traditionally relied upon dividends from Seacoast Bank and securities offerings to provide funds to pay the Company’s expenses and to service the Company’s debt. During 2025, Seacoast Bank distributed $332.2 million to the Company and, at December 31, 2025, is eligible to distribute dividends to the Company of approximately $72.7 million without prior regulatory approval. At December 31, 2025, the Company had cash and cash equivalents at the parent of $98.1 million, compared to $95.8 million at December 31, 2024.
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The following table presents contractual obligations by remaining maturity. All deposits presented in the table with indeterminate maturities such as interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing demand deposits, savings accounts and money market accounts are presented as having a maturity of one year or less. The Company considers these low cost deposits to be its largest, most stable funding source, despite having no contracted maturity.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| One Year | Over One Year Through | Over Three Years Through | Over Five | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Total | or Less | Three Years | Five Years | Years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ | 16,256,343 | $ | 16,230,299 | $ | 19,820 | $ | 6,122 | $ | 102 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 389,003 | 389,003 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FHLB borrowings1 | 835,000 | 600,000 | 215,000 | 20,000 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt | 112,761 | — | — | — | 112,761 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating leases | 67,884 | 12,712 | 22,172 | 15,210 | 17,790 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 17,660,991 | $ | 17,232,014 | $ | 256,992 | $ | 41,332 | $ | 130,653 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1Includes $495.0 million of callable advance structures which, as of December 31, 2025, are callable at three month intervals and have maturities of up to five years. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deposits and Borrowings
The following table details the Company's customer relationship funding as of:
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Noninterest demand | $ | 3,897,985 | $ | 3,352,372 | ||||||||||
| Interest-bearing demand | 3,993,225 | 2,667,843 | ||||||||||||
| Money market | 5,141,519 | 4,086,362 | ||||||||||||
| Savings | 974,694 | 519,977 | ||||||||||||
| Time deposits | 2,128,055 | 1,371,522 | ||||||||||||
| Brokered time certificates | 120,865 | 244,351 | ||||||||||||
| Total deposits | $ | 16,256,343 | $ | 12,242,427 | ||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 389,003 | 232,071 | ||||||||||||
Total customer funding1 | $ | 16,524,481 | $ | 12,180,860 | ||||||||||
1Total deposits and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, excluding brokered deposits. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase consists of customer sweep accounts. | ||||||||||||||
The Company benefits from a diverse and granular deposit base that serves as a significant source of strength. Total deposits increased $4.0 billion, or 33%, to $16.3 billion at December 31, 2025 compared to December 31, 2024. This increase includes $4.2 billion in deposits from the Heartland and VBI acquisitions in the second half of 2025, partially offset by declines of $123 million in brokered deposits. Based on current assumptions, in 2026 we expect organic deposit growth in the low to mid single digits.
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Time deposits over $250,000 were $674.6 million and $549.9 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The following table details the remaining maturities of time deposits greater than $250,000 at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
| December 31, | % of | December 31, | % of | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except percentages) | 2025 | Total | 2024 | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of Deposit Greater Than $250,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maturity Group: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months or less | $ | 400,315 | 59% | $ | 279,868 | 51% | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Over three through six months | 152,788 | 23 | 139,766 | 25 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Over six through 12 months | 116,309 | 17 | 125,895 | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Over 12 months | 5,141 | 1 | 4,405 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Certificates of Deposit Greater Than $250,000 | $ | 674,553 | 100% | $ | 549,934 | 100% | ||||||||||||||||||||
Customer repurchase agreements totaled $389.0 million at December 31, 2025, increasing $156.9 million, or 68%, from December 31, 2024, which is primarily a result of the VBI acquisition. Repurchase agreements are offered by Seacoast to select customers who wish to sweep excess balances on a daily basis for investment purposes.
At December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, long-term debt included $72.8 million and $72.5 million, respectively, related to trust preferred securities issued by trusts organized or acquired by the Company. At December 31, 2025, the average interest rate in effect on our outstanding subordinated debt related to trust preferred securities was 5.77%, compared to 6.34% at December 31, 2024. The acquired junior subordinated debentures were recorded at fair value, which collectively was $2.5 million lower than face value at December 31, 2025. This amount is being amortized into interest expense over the acquired subordinated debts' remaining term to maturity. All trust preferred securities are guaranteed by the Company on a junior subordinated basis.
Under Basel III and FRB rules, qualified trust preferred securities and other restricted capital elements can be included as Tier 1 capital, within limitations. The Company believes that its trust preferred securities qualify under these capital rules.
In 2022, the Company acquired $12.3 million in senior notes through a bank acquisition, which bore interest at a fixed rate of 5.50%. On October 30, 2025, this debt was fully redeemed, and the remaining $0.2 million unamortized premium was recorded as an adjustment to Interest Expense.
In 2023, the Company acquired $25.0 million in subordinated debt through a bank acquisition that qualifies as Tier 2 Capital. Contractual interest is paid on a semiannual basis at a fixed interest rate of 3.375% until January 30, 2027, at which point the rate converts to a 3-month SOFR rate plus 203 basis points paid quarterly until maturity in 2032. The debt was recorded at fair value, resulting in a $3.9 million discount that is being accreted into interest expense over the remaining term to maturity.
In 2025, the Company assumed a $17.8 million financing obligation recorded at fair value, through the acquisition of VBI, related to branch properties. The $8.3 million premium is amortized over the 20‑year term using an effective interest rate of approximately 6.20%, with the resulting accretion recognized within Interest Expense.
FHLB advances totaled $835.0 million at December 31, 2025 with a weighted-average interest rate of 3.82%, compared to advances outstanding of $245.0 million at December 31, 2024 with a weighted-average interest rate of 4.19%. The Company utilized short-term fixed-rate advances to fund securities purchases in 2025. FHLB advances provide a flexible and collateralized source of wholesale funding.
See “Note 9 - Borrowings” to the Company's consolidated financial statements for more detailed information pertaining to borrowings.
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Off-Balance Sheet Transactions
In the normal course of business, the Company may engage in a variety of financial transactions that, under GAAP, either are not recorded on the balance sheet or are recorded on the balance sheet in amounts that differ from the full contract or notional amounts. These transactions involve varying elements of market, credit and liquidity risk.
Lending commitments include unfunded loan commitments and standby and commercial letters of credit. For loan commitments, the contractual amount of a commitment represents the maximum potential credit risk that could result if the entire commitment had been funded, the borrower had not performed according to the terms of the contract, and no collateral had been provided. A large majority of loan commitments and standby letters of credit expire without being funded, and accordingly, total contractual amounts are not representative of actual future credit exposure or liquidity requirements. Loan commitments and letters of credit expose the Company to credit risk in the event that the customer draws on the commitment and subsequently fails to perform under the terms of the lending agreement.
For commercial customers, loan commitments generally take the form of revolving credit arrangements. For retail customers, loan commitments generally are lines of credit secured by residential property. These instruments are not recorded on the balance sheet until funds are advanced under the commitment. Unfunded commitments to extend credit were $3.5 billion at December 31, 2025, and $2.9 billion at December 31, 2024 (see “Note 15 - Contingent Liabilities and Commitments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements).
In the normal course of business, the Company and Seacoast Bank enter into agreements, or are subject to regulatory agreements that result in cash, debt and dividend restrictions. A summary of the most restrictive items follows:
Seacoast Bank may be required to maintain reserve balances with the FRB. There was no reserve requirement at December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.
Under FRB regulation, Seacoast Bank is limited as to the amount it may loan to its affiliates, including the Company, unless such loans are collateralized by specified obligations. At December 31, 2025, the maximum amount available for transfer from Seacoast Bank to the Company in the form of loans approximated $280.6 million if the Company has sufficient acceptable collateral. There were no loans made to affiliates during the periods ending December 31, 2025 and 2024.
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Presentation of Common and Preferred Shares
In the acquisition of VBI on October 1, 2025, Seacoast issued to VBI shareholders a combination of cash, SBCF common shares, and SBCF Series A non-voting convertible preferred shares. Each 1/1,000th preferred share is convertible to one common share on the date a holder of preferred stock transfers such share of preferred stock to a non-affiliate of the holder. The tables below present additional performance measures to include the treatment of preferred shares as common. The Company believes a calculation presenting all convertible preferred shares as common provides useful supplemental information to the presentation of common share measures, as the Company anticipates they will be converted to common shares in the future.
Shares issued to VBI shareholders: | October 1, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||
| SBCF common shares | 9,923,263 | |||||||||||||||||||
| SBCF convertible preferred shares | 11,250 | |||||||||||||||||||
| SBCF common shares upon conversion of convertible preferred shares | 11,250,000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Outstanding shares at December 31, 2025 treating all convertible preferred shares as common were as follows:
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||
| Common shares | 97,927,843 | |||||||
| Convertible preferred shares | 11,250 | |||||||
| Total common shares outstanding, treating all convertible preferred shares as common | 109,177,843 | |||||||
Average common shares outstanding treating all convertible preferred shares as common were as follows:
Fourth Quarter 2025 | Full Year 2025 | |||||||||||||
| Average common shares - basic | 96,816,460 | 88,275,748 | ||||||||||||
| Dilutive effect of employee restricted stock and stock options | 944,688 | 829,953 | ||||||||||||
| Average common shares - diluted | 97,761,148 | 89,105,701 | ||||||||||||
| Additional common shares, treating all convertible preferred shares as common | 11,250,000 | 2,835,616 | ||||||||||||
| Average common shares - diluted, treating all convertible preferred shares as common | 109,011,148 | 91,941,317 | ||||||||||||
Performance measures treating all convertible preferred shares as common were as follows:
| (In thousands, except per share data) | Fourth Quarter 2025 | Full Year 2025 | ||||||||||||
| Net Income | $ | 34,260 | $ | 144,878 | ||||||||||
| Less preferred stock dividends | (2,138) | (2,138) | ||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders | 32,122 | 142,740 | ||||||||||||
| Less allocation of earnings to preferred stock | (1,429) | (2,434) | ||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders after allocation of earnings to preferred stock | $ | 30,693 | $ | 140,306 | ||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders after allocation of earnings to preferred stock | $ | 30,693 | $ | 140,306 | ||||||||||
| Average common shares - diluted | 97,761 | 89,106 | ||||||||||||
| Earnings per common share - diluted | $ | 0.31 | $ | 1.57 | ||||||||||
| Net Income | $ | 34,260 | $ | 144,878 | ||||||||||
| Average common shares - diluted, treating all convertible preferred shares as common | 109,011 | 91,941 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per common share - diluted, treating all convertible preferred shares as common1 | $ | 0.31 | $ | 1.58 | ||||||||||
1Non-GAAP measure - see "Explanation of Certain Unaudited Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for more information and a reconciliation to GAAP. | ||||||||||||||
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Capital Resources and Management
The Company's equity capital at December 31, 2025 increased $529.4 million, or 24%, from December 31, 2024, to $2.7 billion. Changes in equity included increases from net income of $144.9 million, the issuance of $357.2 million in common stock in conjunction with bank acquisitions, and an increase in AOCI of $80.7 million primarily related to changes in value of AFS securities, partially offset by the issuance of cash dividends on common and preferred stock totaling $67.7 million.
In conjunction with a bank acquisition, the Company issued non-voting convertible preferred stock, and each 1/1,000th of a share of preferred stock is convertible into one share of Seacoast common stock, subject to certain restrictions. Holders of preferred stock are entitled to receive ratable dividends when dividends are concurrently declared and payable on the shares of Seacoast common stock. See "Note 17 - Business Combinations," for further detail. The convertible preferred stock at December 31, 2025 totaled $343.1 million.
Activity in shareholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | 2,183,243 | $ | 2,108,086 | ||||||||||
| Net income | 144,878 | 120,986 | ||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 15,742 | 13,744 | ||||||||||||
| Common stock transactions related to stock-based employee benefit plans | (1,353) | 945 | ||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock pursuant to acquisitions | 357,207 | — | ||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | — | (880) | ||||||||||||
Dividends on common stock ($0.73 per share and $0.72 per share, respectively) | (65,589) | (61,649) | ||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock ($0.19 per share) | (2,138) | — | ||||||||||||
| Change in AOCI | 80,672 | 2,011 | ||||||||||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | 2,712,662 | $ | 2,183,243 | ||||||||||
At December 31, 2025, capital ratios for Seacoast and Seacoast Bank are well above regulatory requirements for well-capitalized institutions. Management’s use of risk-based capital ratios in its analysis of the Company’s capital adequacy are not GAAP financial measures. Seacoast’s management uses these measures to assess the quality of capital and believes that investors may find it useful in their analysis of the Company. The capital measures are not necessarily comparable to similar capital measures that may be presented by other companies and Seacoast does not nor should investors consider such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from, or as a substitute for GAAP financial information (see “Note 13 - Regulatory Capital”).
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The following tables show the components of regulatory capital to calculate regulatory capital ratios.
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Common stock | $ | 9,873 | $ | 8,628 | ||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 2,197,549 | 1,824,935 | ||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | 603,793 | 526,642 | ||||||||||||
| Treasury stock | (21,358) | (19,095) | ||||||||||||
| Less: Goodwill | (1,034,735) | (732,417) | ||||||||||||
| Less: Intangibles | (195,704) | (71,723) | ||||||||||||
Other1 | 72,018 | 24,355 | ||||||||||||
| CET1 capital | $ | 1,631,436 | $ | 1,561,325 | ||||||||||
| Convertible preferred stock | 343,125 | — | ||||||||||||
| Qualifying trust preferred debt | 72,769 | 72,488 | ||||||||||||
| Other | 4 | 6 | ||||||||||||
| Tier 1 capital | $ | 2,047,334 | $ | 1,633,819 | ||||||||||
ACL on loans1, as limited | 176,795 | 129,465 | ||||||||||||
| Qualifying subordinated debt | 22,392 | 21,963 | ||||||||||||
| Tier 2 capital | 199,187 | 151,428 | ||||||||||||
| Total capital | $ | 2,246,521 | $ | 1,785,247 | ||||||||||
| Risk-weighted assets | $ | 14,138,491 | $ | 11,032,279 | ||||||||||
1Upon adoption of the CECL accounting standard in 2020, the Company elected, in accordance with interagency guidance, to delay the estimated impact on regulatory capital resulting from the implementation of CECL. The transition period was completed during 2025 and no adjustments were made. As of December 31, 2024, the adjustment to Tier 1 Capital and Tier 2 Capital was $6.2 million and $7.5 million, respectively. | ||||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended December 31, | Minimum Regulatory | Minimum to be Well-Capitalized | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seacoast (Consolidated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio1 | 15.89% | 16.18% | 8.00% | 10.00% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 Capital Ratio1 | 14.48 | 14.81 | 6.00 | 6.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
CET1 Ratio1 | 11.54 | 14.15 | 4.50 | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | 10.16 | 11.19 | 4.00 | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seacoast Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio1 | 15.07 | 15.30 | 8.00 | 10.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Tier 1 Capital Ratio1 | 13.82 | 14.13 | 6.00 | 8.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
CET1 Ratio1 | 13.82 | 14.13 | 4.50 | 6.50 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | 9.69 | 10.66 | 4.00% | 5.00% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1Regulatory minimum ratios excludes the Basel III capital conservation buffer of 2.5% which, if not exceeded, may constrain dividends, equity repurchases and compensation. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Company’s total risk-based capital ratio was 15.89% at December 31, 2025, a decrease from 16.18% at December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2025, the Bank’s leverage ratio (Tier 1 capital to adjusted total assets) was 9.69%, compared to 10.66% at December 31, 2024, well above the minimum to be well-capitalized under regulatory guidelines.
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The Company and Seacoast Bank are subject to various general regulatory policies and requirements relating to the payment of dividends, including requirements to maintain adequate capital above regulatory minimums. The appropriate federal bank regulatory authority may prohibit the payment of dividends where it has determined that the payment of dividends would be an unsafe or unsound practice. The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from Seacoast Bank and its other subsidiaries, and the Company’s primary source of cash and liquidity, other than securities offerings and borrowings, is dividends from its bank subsidiary. Without OCC approval, Seacoast Bank can pay $72.7 million of dividends to the Company (see “Part I. Item 1. Business”).
The OCC and the FRB have policies that encourage banks and BHCs to pay dividends from current earnings, and have the general authority to limit the dividends paid by national banks and BHCs, respectively, if such payment may be deemed to constitute an unsafe or unsound practice. If, in the particular circumstances, either of these federal regulators determined that the payment of dividends would constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice, either the OCC or the FRB may, among other things, issue a cease and desist order prohibiting the payment of dividends by Seacoast Bank or us, respectively. The board of directors of a BHC must consider different factors to ensure that its dividend level, if any, is prudent relative to the organization’s financial position and is not based on overly optimistic earnings scenarios such as any potential events that may occur before the payment date that could affect its ability to pay, while still maintaining a strong financial position. As a general matter, the FRB has indicated that the Board of Directors of a BHC, such as Seacoast, should consult with the FRB and eliminate, defer, or significantly reduce the BHC’s dividends if: (i) its net income available to shareholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund the dividends; (ii) its prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with its capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition; or (iii) it will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, its minimum regulatory capital adequacy ratios.
The Company has paid quarterly dividends to the holders of its common stock since the second quarter of 2021 and began paying dividends on its convertible preferred stock upon issuance in the fourth quarter of 2025. Whether the Company continues to pay quarterly dividends and the amount of any such dividends will be at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors and will depend on the Company's earnings, financial condition, results of operations, business prospects, capital requirements, regulatory restrictions, and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant.
The Company has seven wholly owned trust subsidiaries that have issued trust preferred stock. Trust preferred securities from acquisitions were recorded at fair value when acquired. All trust preferred securities are guaranteed by the Company on a junior subordinated basis. The FRB’s rules permit qualified trust preferred securities and other restricted capital elements to be included under Basel III capital guidelines, with limitations, and net of goodwill and intangibles. The Company believes that its trust preferred securities qualify under these revised regulatory capital rules and believes that it can treat all its trust preferred securities as Tier 1 capital. For regulatory purposes, the trust preferred securities are added to the Company’s tangible common shareholders’ equity to calculate Tier 1 capital.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, including prevailing practices within the financial services industry. The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments in the application of certain of its accounting policies that involve significant estimates and assumptions. The Company has established policies and control procedures that are intended to ensure valuation methods are well controlled and applied consistently from period to period. These estimates and assumptions, which may materially affect the reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements, and changes in this information over time and the use of revised estimates and assumptions could materially affect amounts reported in subsequent financial statements. Management, after consultation with the Company’s Audit Committee, believes the most critical accounting estimates and assumptions that involve the most difficult, subjective and complex assessments are:
•the allowance and the provision for credit losses;
•acquisition accounting and purchased loans;
•intangible assets and impairment testing, and;
•fair value of financial instruments
The following is a discussion of the critical accounting policies intended to facilitate a reader’s understanding of the judgments, estimates and assumptions underlying these accounting policies and the possible or likely events or uncertainties known to the Company that could have a material effect on reported financial information. For more information regarding management’s judgments relating to significant accounting policies and recent accounting pronouncements, see “Note 1 – Significant Accounting Policies” to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
Allowance for Credit Losses
The ACL represents management’s best estimate of expected future credit losses related to the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The estimate of the ACL requires significant judgment and is based on a variety of factors. Management establishes the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Economic forecast data is sourced from Moody’s, a firm widely recognized for its research, analysis, and economic forecasts. The forecast may utilize one scenario or a composite of scenarios based on management's judgment and expectations around the current and future macroeconomic outlook. The forecasts of future economic conditions are over a period that has been deemed reasonable and supportable, and in segments where it can no longer develop reasonable and supportable forecasts, the Company reverts to longer-term historical loss experience to estimate losses over the remaining life of the loans. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments.
One of the most significant judgments in estimating the ACL relates to the macroeconomic forecasts. As of December 31, 2025, the Company utilized a blend of Moody’s most recent “U.S. Macroeconomic Outlook Baseline” (Baseline), “Alternative Scenario 1 – Upside- 10th Percentile” (S1), and “Alternative Scenario 3 - Downside - 90th Percentile” (S3) scenarios. The weighting applied in the December 31, 2025 analysis is consistent with the weighting applied at December 31, 2024. The forecasted credit losses incorporate numerous macroeconomic variables, although specific variables have a greater impact on the outcome than others. Specifically, changes in expectations indicated by the CRE price index have the most significant impact on the estimate of expected losses for CRE non-owner occupied loans and construction and land development loans, the housing price index is the economic forecast variable most significantly impacting the estimate of expected losses for residential loans, and the unemployment rate is a significant contributor to commercial and consumer loans.
Management considers a range of macroeconomic forecast data in connection with the allowance estimation process. It is difficult to estimate how potential changes in any one economic factor might affect the overall allowance because a wide variety of factors and inputs are considered in the allowance estimate. Changes in the factors and inputs may not occur at the same rate and may not be consistent across all product types. Additionally, changes in factors and inputs may be directionally inconsistent, such that improvement in one factor may offset deterioration in others. Under the range of scenarios considered as of December 31, 2025, use of solely Moody’s S3 downside scenario would have resulted in an increase to the modeled allowance results of approximately $71 million or 56 basis points. This estimate reflects the sensitivity of the modeled allowance estimate to macroeconomic forecast data but does not consider other qualitative adjustments that could increase or decrease modeled loss estimates calculated using this alternative economic scenario.
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Seacoast conducted an additional sensitivity by increasing loss sensitivities by 5% and 10% to each of the loan pools. Estimated credit losses increased by $7 million and $13 million, respectively, from the probability weighted model outcomes, but does not consider other qualitative adjustments that could increase or decrease modeled loss estimates. Changes in the loss assumptions and forecasts of economic conditions could significantly affect the Company’s estimate of expected credit losses at the balance sheet date or lead to significant changes in the estimate from one reporting period to the next.
Qualitative adjustments may be made to modeled reserves based on an assessment of internal and external influences on credit quality not fully reflected in the quantitative components of the allowance model. These influences may include elements such as changes in concentration, macroeconomic conditions, recent observable asset quality trends, staff turnover, regional market conditions, employment levels, model risk, and loan growth.
For additional information regarding the Company's methodology for calculating the ACL, see Note 1 – Significant Accounting Policies and Note 5 – Allowance for Credit Losses in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Acquisition Accounting and Purchased Loans
The Company accounts for acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting. All identifiable assets acquired, including loans, are recorded at fair value. All loans acquired are recorded at fair value in accordance with the fair value methodology prescribed in ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. The fair value estimates associated with the loans include estimates related to expected prepayments and the amount and timing of expected principal, interest and other cash flows. Loans are identified as PCD when they have experienced more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination. An allowance for expected credit losses on PCD loans is recorded at the date of acquisition through an adjustment to the loans’ amortized cost basis. In contrast, expected credit losses on loans not considered PCD are recognized through the provision for credit losses at the date of acquisition.
The non-credit discount or premium related to PCD loans and the fair value adjustment on non-PCD loans are amortized or accreted to Interest and fees on loans over the contractual life of the loans using the effective interest method. In the event of prepayment, unamortized discounts or premiums are recognized in Interest and fees on loans.
Fair value estimates for acquired assets and assumed liabilities are based on the information available, and are subject to change for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as additional information relative to closing date fair values becomes available.
Intangible Assets and Impairment Testing
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business acquisitions. The CDI, which is the majority of the remaining intangible asset balance, represents the excess intangible value of acquired deposit customer relationships. CDI assets are amortized using an amortization method that reflects the expected value over time, and are evaluated for indications of potential impairment at least annually. Goodwill is not amortized but rather is evaluated for impairment on at least an annual basis. We performed an annual impairment test of goodwill in the fourth quarter of 2025 and concluded that no impairment existed.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
AFS securities
AFS securities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses, using observable market data where available. The fair value of AFS securities is based upon pricing obtained from third party pricing services. Based on internal review procedures and the fair values provided by the pricing services, the Company believes that the fair values provided by the pricing services are consistent with the principles of ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement. On occasion, pricing provided by the pricing services may not be consistent with other observed prices in the market for similar securities. Using observable market factors, including interest rate and yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities and default rates, the Company may at times validate the observed prices using a discounted cash flow model and using the observed prices for similar securities to determine the fair value of its securities.
Seacoast analyzes AFS debt securities quarterly for credit losses utilizing both quantitative and qualitative assessments to determine if a security has a credit loss. Quantitative assessments are based on a discounted cash flow method. Qualitative assessments consider a range of factors including rating downgrades, subordination, amortized LTV, and the ability of the issuers to pay all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms.
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For AFS securities, if any portion of the decline in fair value is related to credit, the amount of allowance is determined as the portion related to credit, limited to the difference between the amortized cost basis and the fair value of the security. If the Company has the intent to sell or believes it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell an impaired AFS security before recovery of the amortized cost basis, the credit loss is recorded as a direct write-down of the amortized cost basis. Declines in the fair value of AFS securities that are not considered credit related are recognized in "AOCI" on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Derivatives
The Company enters into derivative contracts, including interest rate swaps, to meet the needs of customers who request such services and to manage the Company's interest rate risk. The fair value of these derivatives is based on a discounted cash flow approach and is based upon the estimated amount the Company would receive or pay to terminate the instruments, taking into account current interest rates and, when appropriate, the current credit worthiness of the counterparties. For additional information regarding the Company's derivatives see Note 6 – Derivatives.
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| Item 7A. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | ||||
Interest Rate Sensitivity
Fluctuations in interest rates may result in changes in the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, cash flows and net interest income. This risk is managed using simulation modeling to calculate the most likely interest rate risk. The objective is to optimize the Company’s financial position, liquidity, and net interest income while limiting volatility.
Senior management regularly reviews the overall interest rate risk position and evaluates strategies to manage the risk. The Company uses simulation analysis to monitor changes in net interest income due to changes in market interest rates. The simulation of rising, declining and flat interest rate scenarios allows management to monitor and adjust balance sheet exposures to assess the impact of market interest rate swings. The analysis of the impact on net interest income is subjected to instantaneous changes in market rates and is monitored at least quarterly.
The following table presents the ALCO simulation model’s projected impact of a change in interest rates on the net interest income for the 12- and 24-month periods beginning January 1, 2026, holding all balances on the balance sheet static. It is important to note that the results in the table below assume parallel shifts in the yield curve and do not take into account changes in the yield curve slope nor changes in balance sheet size or mix.
| % Change in Projected Baseline Net Interest Income | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
| Change in Interest Rates | 1-12 months | 13-24 months | |||||||||||||||
| +3.00% | (1.7) | 4.6 | |||||||||||||||
| +2.00% | — | 4.2 | |||||||||||||||
| +1.00% | 0.7 | 2.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Current | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| -1.00% | 1.3 | (1.1) | |||||||||||||||
| -2.00% | 3.5 | (2.0) | |||||||||||||||
| -3.00% | 5.8 | (3.7) | |||||||||||||||
The computations of interest rate risk do not necessarily include certain actions management may undertake to manage this risk in response to changes in interest rates. Management may adjust asset or liability pricing or structure in order to manage interest rate risk through an economic cycle. This may include the use of investment portfolio purchases or sales or the use of derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps, options, caps, floors, futures or forward contracts.
The Company's calculation of interest rate sensitivity for the year ended December 31, 2025 is presented below. The balances of interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities are presented in the periods in which they reprice to market rates or mature. The amounts are aggregated to reflect the interest rate sensitivity gap. This analysis includes assumptions for prepayments of loans and securities and assumptions for core deposit re-pricing.
The computations of interest rate sensitivity are based on the static balance sheet and do not necessarily include certain actions management may undertake to manage this risk in response to changes in interest rates in the future. This may include specific efforts to change the size of the balance sheet or the relative composition of fixed versus variable rate assets and liabilities as well as qualitative changes that could impact quantitative performance.
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Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 0-3 Months | 4-12 Months | 1-5 Years | Over 5 Years | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits | $ | 226,950 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 226,950 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities2 | 908,067 | 376,361 | 1,705,673 | 2,760,644 | 5,750,745 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans3 | 4,495,734 | 1,919,959 | 4,996,658 | 1,231,930 | 12,644,281 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Assets | — | — | — | 151,817 | 151,817 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earning assets | $ | 5,630,751 | $ | 2,296,320 | $ | 6,702,331 | $ | 4,144,391 | $ | 18,773,793 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-maturity deposits | 4,853,369 | 805,367 | 658,855 | 3,791,847 | 10,109,438 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits | 1,234,721 | 988,481 | 25,698 | 20 | 2,248,920 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Borrowings | 904,380 | 260,000 | 135,000 | 37,384 | 1,336,764 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | $ | 6,992,470 | $ | 2,053,848 | $ | 819,553 | $ | 3,829,251 | $ | 13,695,122 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate swaps | 350,000 | (200,000) | (150,000) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest sensitivity gap | $ | (1,011,719) | $ | 42,472 | $ | 5,732,778 | $ | 315,140 | $ | 5,078,671 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cumulative gap | $ | (1,011,719) | $ | (969,247) | $ | 4,763,531 | $ | 5,078,671 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cumulative gap to total earning assets | (5 | %) | (5 | %) | 25 | % | 27 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities | 81 | % | 112 | % | 818 | % | 108 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
1The repricing dates may differ from contractual maturity dates for certain assets due to prepayment assumptions. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2Securities are stated at carrying value. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3Includes loans held for sale. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market Risk
See also Management’s discussion and analysis “Interest Rate Sensitivity.”
Market risk refers to potential losses arising from changes in interest rates, and other relevant market rates or prices.
Interest rate risk, defined as the exposure of net interest income and EVE to adverse movements in interest rates, is the Company’s primary market risk, and mainly arises from the structure of the balance sheet (non-trading activities). The Company is also exposed to market risk in its investing activities. The ALCO meets regularly and is responsible for reviewing the interest rate sensitivity position of the Company and establishing policies to monitor and limit exposure to interest rate risk. The policies established by the ALCO are reviewed and approved by the Company’s board of directors. The primary goal of interest rate risk management is to control exposure to interest rate risk, within policy limits approved by the board of directors. These limits reflect the Company’s tolerance for interest rate risk over short-term and long-term horizons.
The Company also performs valuation analyses, which are used for evaluating levels of risk present in the balance sheet that might not be taken into account in the net interest income simulation analyses. Whereas net interest income simulation highlights exposures over a relatively short time horizon, valuation analysis incorporates all cash flows over the estimated remaining life of all balance sheet positions. The valuation of the balance sheet, at a point in time, is defined as the discounted present value of asset cash flows minus the discounted value of liability cash flows, the net result of which is the EVE. The sensitivity of EVE to changes in the level of interest rates is a measure of the longer-term re-pricing risks and options risks embedded in the balance sheet. Similar to net interest income simulation, EVE uses instantaneous changes in rates. Results of both net interest income simulation and EVE analyses are sensitive to changes in key modeling assumptions.
EVE values only the current balance sheet and does not incorporate the reinvestment assumptions that are used in the net interest income simulation model. As with the net interest income simulation model, assumptions about the timing and variability of balance sheet cash flows are critical in the EVE analysis. Particularly important are the assumptions driving prepayments and the expected changes in balances and pricing of the indeterminate maturity deposit portfolios. Stable deposits are a more significant funding source for the Company, making the estimated lives attached to stable deposits more important to the accuracy of our EVE modeling. The Company periodically reassesses its assumptions regarding the indeterminate lives of core deposits utilizing an independent third-party resource to assist.
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The following table presents the projected impact of a change in interest rates on the balance sheet. This change in interest rates assumes parallel shifts in the yield curve and does not take into account changes in the slope of the yield curve.
| % Change in Economic Value of Equity | ||||||||
| Changes in Interest Rates | December 31, 2025 | |||||||
| +3.00% | (19.7%) | |||||||
| +2.00% | (12.2) | |||||||
| +1.00% | (5.8) | |||||||
| Current | — | |||||||
| -1.00% | 6.0 | |||||||
| -2.00% | 10.0 | |||||||
| -3.00% | 10.2 | |||||||
While an instantaneous and severe shift in interest rates is used in this analysis, a gradual shift in interest rates would have a much more modest impact. Since EVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in EVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon, i.e., the next fiscal year. Further, EVE does not consider factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, change in yield curve relationships, and changing product spreads that could mitigate the adverse impact of changes in interest rates.
Effects of Inflation and Changing Prices
The consolidated financial statements and related financial data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without considering changes in the relative purchasing power of money, over time, due to inflation.
Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all of the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on a financial institution’s performance than the general level of inflation. However, inflation affects financial institutions by increasing their cost of goods and services purchased, as well as the cost of salaries and benefits, occupancy expense, and similar items. Inflation and related increases in interest rates generally decrease the market value of investments and loans held and may adversely affect liquidity, earnings, and shareholders’ equity. Mortgage origination and refinancing tends to slow as interest rates increase, and higher interest rates likely will reduce the Company’s earnings from such activities and the income from the sale of residential mortgage loans in the secondary market. A decline in interest rates would generally have an opposite impact.
Stock Performance Graph
The line graph below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on Seacoast common stock with the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Composite Index, the KBW NASDAQ Regional Banking Index, and the S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Southeast Region Index for the same period. The Company has chosen to replace the S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Southeast Region Index with the KBW NASDAQ Regional Banking Index, as the Company believes this index, which is comprised of U.S. regional banks and thrifts, is more indicative of the peers in which investors evaluate our performance. The graph includes both indexes as required when changing the index. The graph and table assume that $100 was invested on December 31, 2020 (the last day of trading for the year ended December 31, 2020) in each of Seacoast common stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index, the KBW NASDAQ Regional Banking Index, and the S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Southeast Region Index. The cumulative total return represents the change in stock price and the amount of dividends received over the period, assuming all dividends were reinvested.
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| Index | December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2021 | December 31, 2022 | December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2024 | December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida | 100.00 | 121.59 | 109.31 | 102.78 | 102.29 | 119.79 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NASDAQ Composite Index | 100.00 | 122.18 | 82.43 | 119.22 | 154.48 | 187.14 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KBW NASDAQ Regional Banking Index | 100.00 | 136.64 | 127.12 | 126.67 | 143.39 | 152.71 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S&P U.S. BMI Banks - Southeast Region Index | 100.00 | 142.83 | 116.18 | 119.85 | 155.47 | 187.40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence © 2026 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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SELECTED QUARTERLY INFORMATION
QUARTERLY CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
| 2025 Quarters | 2024 Quarters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | Fourth | Third | Second | First | Fourth | Third | Second | First | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | 256,060 | $ | 202,712 | $ | 193,347 | $ | 184,255 | $ | 185,930 | $ | 184,115 | $ | 179,808 | $ | 175,706 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 81,433 | 69,244 | 66,483 | 65,738 | 70,126 | 77,450 | 75,384 | 70,628 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income | 174,627 | 133,468 | 126,864 | 118,517 | 115,804 | 106,665 | 104,424 | 105,078 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | 29,260 | 8,371 | 4,379 | 9,250 | 3,699 | 6,273 | 4,918 | 1,368 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net interest income after provision for credit losses on loans | 145,367 | 125,097 | 122,485 | 109,267 | 112,105 | 100,392 | 99,506 | 103,710 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Service charges on deposit accounts | 6,472 | 6,194 | 5,540 | 5,180 | 5,138 | 5,412 | 5,342 | 4,960 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wealth management income | 5,540 | 4,578 | 4,196 | 4,248 | 4,019 | 3,843 | 3,766 | 3,540 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage banking income | 3,108 | 517 | 685 | 404 | 326 | 485 | 582 | 381 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interchange income | 2,483 | 2,008 | 1,895 | 1,807 | 1,860 | 1,911 | 1,940 | 1,888 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance agency income | 1,191 | 1,481 | 1,289 | 1,620 | 1,151 | 1,399 | 1,355 | 1,291 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| BOLI income | 2,687 | 3,875 | 3,380 | 2,468 | 2,627 | 2,578 | 2,596 | 2,264 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income | 7,066 | 6,006 | 7,497 | 6,257 | 10,335 | 7,864 | 6,647 | 5,944 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Securities gains (losses), net | 84 | (841) | 39 | 196 | (8,388) | 187 | (44) | 229 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest income | 28,631 | 23,818 | 24,521 | 22,180 | 17,068 | 23,679 | 22,184 | 20,497 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Noninterest expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and wages | 53,942 | 46,310 | 44,438 | 42,248 | 42,378 | 40,697 | 38,937 | 40,304 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits | 8,490 | 7,387 | 8,106 | 8,861 | 6,548 | 6,955 | 6,861 | 7,889 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outsourced data processing costs | 11,257 | 9,337 | 8,525 | 8,504 | 8,307 | 8,003 | 8,210 | 12,118 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy | 9,330 | 7,627 | 7,483 | 7,350 | 7,234 | 7,096 | 7,180 | 8,037 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | 2,935 | 2,233 | 2,125 | 2,128 | 2,004 | 2,060 | 1,956 | 2,011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketing | 3,149 | 2,509 | 2,958 | 2,748 | 2,126 | 2,729 | 3,266 | 2,655 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Legal and professional fees | 2,106 | 1,674 | 2,071 | 2,740 | 2,807 | 2,708 | 1,982 | 2,151 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FDIC assessments | 2,876 | 2,414 | 2,108 | 2,194 | 2,274 | 1,882 | 2,131 | 2,158 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles | 10,374 | 6,005 | 5,131 | 5,309 | 5,587 | 6,002 | 6,003 | 6,292 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OREO and net (gain) loss on sale | (29) | (346) | 8 | 241 | 84 | 491 | (109) | (26) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments | 812 | 150 | 150 | 150 | 250 | 250 | 251 | 250 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Merger and integration costs | 18,142 | 10,808 | 2,422 | 1,051 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 7,162 | 5,879 | 6,205 | 7,073 | 5,976 | 5,945 | 5,869 | 6,532 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total noninterest expenses | 130,546 | 101,987 | 91,730 | 90,597 | 85,575 | 84,818 | 82,537 | 90,371 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 43,452 | 46,928 | 55,276 | 40,850 | 43,598 | 39,253 | 39,153 | 33,836 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income tax expense | 9,192 | 10,461 | 12,589 | 9,386 | 9,513 | 8,602 | 8,909 | 7,830 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 34,260 | 36,467 | 42,687 | 31,464 | 34,085 | 30,651 | 30,244 | 26,006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | 2,138 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders | $ | 32,122 | $ | 36,467 | $ | 42,687 | $ | 31,464 | $ | 34,085 | $ | 30,651 | $ | 30,244 | $ | 26,006 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 2025 Quarters | 2024 Quarters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | Fourth | Third | Second | First | Fourth | Third | Second | First | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Per Common Share Data | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income diluted | $ | 0.31 | $ | 0.42 | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.37 | $ | 0.40 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income basic | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.50 | 0.37 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 0.31 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends declared: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common and preferred stock1 | $ | 0.19 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.18 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market price common stock: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Low close | 28.58 | 27.13 | 21.36 | 25.09 | 25.42 | 22.70 | 21.59 | 22.93 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| High close | 33.23 | 32.09 | 27.79 | 30.06 | 30.71 | 28.33 | 24.25 | 27.28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bid price at end of period | 31.42 | 30.43 | 27.62 | 25.73 | 27.53 | 26.49 | 23.33 | 24.86 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1In the fourth quarter of 2025, non-voting convertible preferred shares were issued in connection with the VBI acquisition. Those shares earn dividends pro-rata with common shares, or $0.19 per 1/1,000th preferred share. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | ||||
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida
Stuart, Florida
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (the "Company") as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income (loss), convertible preferred stock and shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2025 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. As permitted, the Company has excluded the operations of Villages Bancorporation, Inc. acquired during 2025, which is described in Note 17 of the consolidated financial statements, from the scope of management’s report on internal control over financial reporting. As such, it has also been excluded from the scope of our audit of internal control over financial reporting. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the
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company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters do not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Allowance and Provision for Credit Losses on Loans
The allowance for credit losses (the “ACL”) is an accounting estimate of expected credit losses over the contractual term of loans carried at amortized cost as described in Notes 1 and 5 of the consolidated financial statements. The Company's loan portfolio, which is measured at amortized cost, is required to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Estimates of expected credit losses for loans are based on information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.
The Company estimates expected credit losses for loans at the individual loan level using a discounted cash flow methodology for its commercial loans and using a loss rate methodology for its consumer loans. Expected losses are estimated using a blend of forecast scenarios. Specifically, the forecast scenarios selected were the “U.S. Macroeconomic Outlook Baseline”, "Alternative Scenario 1 - Upside - 10th Percentile" and "Alternative Scenario 3 - Downside - 90th Percentile” scenarios. The forecasted credit losses also incorporate macroeconomic variables such as changes in expectations indicated by the commercial real estate price index, changes in the housing price index, and changes in the unemployment rate.
The forecasts of future economic conditions are over a period that the Company has deemed reasonable and supportable, and in segments where it can no longer develop reasonable and supportable forecasts, the Company reverts to longer-term historical loss experience to estimate losses over the remaining life of the loans. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments.
The Company may incorporate qualitative adjustments to modeled reserves based on an assessment of internal and external influences on credit quality not fully reflected in the quantitative components of the allowance model. These influences may include elements such as changes in concentration, macroeconomic conditions, recent observable asset quality trends, staff turnover, regional market conditions, employment levels, model risk, and loan growth.
A significant amount of judgment was required when assessing the conceptual design and statistical methodology of the employed model and whether the model was relevant to the Company’s loan portfolio and suitable for use in the Company’s estimation process, which in turn involved especially complex and subjective judgment. The Company’s discounted cash flow methodology includes probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) assumptions that required assessing the conceptual soundness and reasonableness of those assumptions. We utilized Crowe LLP employed valuation specialists (“Crowe VS”) to evaluate the soundness of the model’s methodology, conceptual design, and applicability to the Company. Crowe VS also performed procedures to assess the relationships between the Company’s PD and LGD rates and model rates.
The principal considerations resulting in our determination included the following:
•Significant auditor judgment in evaluating the selection and application of the reasonable and supportable forecasts of economic variables and reasonableness of other model assumptions, including the need to involve Crowe VS.
•Significant auditor effort in evaluating probability-weighted forecast scenarios with PD and LGD assumptions that involved the use of management judgment and a high degree of auditor judgment.
•Significant audit effort related to testing the completeness and accuracy of internal data used and evaluating the relevance and reliability of proxy loan information.
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The primary procedures performed to address the critical audit matter included:
•Testing the effectiveness of controls over the completeness and accuracy of internal data inputs, including loan segmentation data used in the development of PD and LGD assumptions, and the relevance and reliability of third-party data used in the computation.
•Testing the effectiveness of management’s internal controls over the Company’s significant model methods, assumptions and judgments, including qualitative adjustments and information systems.
•Testing the effectiveness of controls over the Company’s preparation and review of the allowance for credit losses calculation, including the reasonableness of management's judgments over the economic scenarios selected and weightings applied.
•With the assistance of Crowe VS, evaluating the relevance and reliability of third-party data used in management’s methodology.
•Substantively testing the completeness and accuracy of internal loan level data used, loan segmentation, the relevance and reliability of third-party data used for qualitative factors, and management’s judgments and assumptions for reasonableness.
•Substantive univariate directionality testing with the assistance of Crowe VS and other substantive analytical procedures to test significant assumptions made by management and testing the process of management’s assessment for the incorporation of qualitative adjustments.
•Evaluating management’s judgments in the selection and application of reasonable and supportable forecasts, and the reasonableness of forecasted economic scenarios provided by a third-party, assisted by Crowe VS.
Business Combination – Fair Value of Acquired Loans
As described in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements, on October 1, 2025, Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida completed the merger with Villages Bancorporation, Inc. Determining fair values of assets and liabilities, especially the loan portfolio, is a process involving significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values. The fair value of the acquired loans was $1.2 billion and required management to make estimates about loss rates, prepayment rates and discount rates that are subjective and actual cash flows may differ from estimated cash flows.
The principal considerations resulting in our determination included the following:
•Significant auditor judgment in evaluating the reasonableness of management’s significant assumptions, including the need for assistance from professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
•Significant audit effort required in auditing the valuation of acquired loans, including utilization of internal valuation specialists to evaluate the fair value developed by management's specialists.
The primary procedures performed to address the critical audit matter included:
•Testing the effectiveness of controls over the reasonableness of the fair value of acquired loans, including management’s review of the results of the third-party valuation, the completeness and accuracy of data inputs used, and the reasonableness of significant assumptions.
•Substantively testing, with the assistance of our internal valuation specialists, the fair value of the acquired loans by developing an independent expectation of the fair value. As part of these procedures, the internal valuation specialists also evaluated the appropriateness of the methods and reasonableness of significant assumptions applied in the estimate of the fair value of acquired loans, including the application of loss rates, prepayment rates and discount rates used in the calculation.
/s/ Crowe LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2014.
February 27, 2026
72
SEACOAST BANKING CORPORATION OF FLORIDA AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and dividends on securities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Nontaxable | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and fees on loans | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on interest-bearing deposits and other investments | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Interest Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Expense | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on time certificates | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on securities sold under agreement to repurchase | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest on FHLB borrowings | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest on long-term debt | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Interest Expense | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Interest Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Interest Income After Provision for Credit Losses | ||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Service charges on deposit accounts | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Wealth management income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortgage banking income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interchange income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Insurance agency income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| BOLI income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Noninterest Income Before Securities (Losses) Gains, Net | ||||||||||||||||||||
Securities losses, net (includes net losses of $ | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Noninterest Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expense: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Salaries and wages | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Employee benefits | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Outsourced data processing costs | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Occupancy | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketing | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Legal and professional fees | ||||||||||||||||||||
| FDIC assessments | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of intangibles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| OREO expense and net (gain) loss on sale | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Merger and integration costs | ||||||||||||||||||||
73
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Noninterest Expense | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Before Income Taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income tax expense | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred dividends | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Per share data | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share of common stock | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Basic | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Average common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | ||||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
74
SEACOAST BANKING CORPORATION OF FLORIDA AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on AFS securities, net of tax expense of $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of unrealized gains on securities transferred to HTM, net of tax benefit of $ | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
Reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income, net of tax benefit of $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives designated as fair value hedges, net of reclassifications to income, net of tax expense of $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, net of reclassifications to income, net of tax expense of $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total other comprehensive income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive Income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
75
SEACOAST BANKING CORPORATION OF FLORIDA AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except share data) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and due from banks | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing deposits with other banks | ||||||||||||||
| Total cash and cash equivalents | ||||||||||||||
| Time deposits with other banks | ||||||||||||||
| Debt securities: | ||||||||||||||
| Securities AFS (at fair value) | ||||||||||||||
Securities HTM (fair value $ | ||||||||||||||
| Total debt securities | ||||||||||||||
| Loans held for sale | ||||||||||||||
| Loans | ||||||||||||||
| ACL | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Loans, net of ACL | ||||||||||||||
| Bank premises and equipment, net | ||||||||||||||
| OREO | ||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||||||||
| Other intangible assets, net | ||||||||||||||
| BOLI | ||||||||||||||
| Net DTAs | ||||||||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Deposits: | ||||||||||||||
| Noninterest demand | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Interest-bearing demand | ||||||||||||||
| Savings | ||||||||||||||
| Money market | ||||||||||||||
| Other time deposits | ||||||||||||||
| Brokered time certificates | ||||||||||||||
| Time certificates of more than $250,000 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Deposits | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, maturing within 30 days | ||||||||||||||
FHLB borrowings | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt, net | ||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (See “Note 9 - Borrowings” and “Note 15 - Contingent Liabilities and Commitments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk”) | ||||||||||||||
Convertible preferred stock, par value $ | ||||||||||||||
76
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except share data) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||
Common stock, par value $ | ||||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | ||||||||||||||
Treasury stock ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Total Shareholders' Equity Before Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net | ||||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Total Shareholders' Equity | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock & Shareholders' Equity | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
77
SEACOAST BANKING CORPORATION OF FLORIDA AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows From Operating Activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accretion of discounts of premiums on securities, net | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of operating lease ROUAs | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other amortization and accretion, net | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Origination of loans designated for sale | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Sale of loans designated for sale | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for credit losses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Losses on securities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gains on sale of loans | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| (Gains) losses on sale of OREO, net of write-downs | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Losses on disposition of fixed assets and write-downs upon transfer of bank premises to OREO | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquired companies: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net increase in other assets | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in other liabilities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows From Investing Activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Maturities and repayments of debt securities AFS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Maturities and repayments of debt securities HTM | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of debt securities AFS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of debt securities AFS | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Maturities and redemptions of time deposits with other banks | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of time deposits with other banks | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net new loans and principal repayments | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Purchases of loans held for investment | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from the sale of loans held for investment | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from the sale of OREO | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase of FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from BOLI death benefit | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of Visa Class B shares | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash from bank acquisitions | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Additions to bank premises and equipment | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||
78
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash Flows From Financing Activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in deposits | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in FHLB borrowings with original maturities of three months or less | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Repayments of FHLB borrowings with original maturities of more than three months | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from FHLB borrowings with original maturities of more than three months | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based employee benefit plans | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid (refunded) for U.S. federal taxes, net | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash paid for U.S. state taxes, net1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Recognition of operating lease ROUAs, other than through bank acquisition, net of terminations | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Recognition of operating lease liabilities, other than through bank acquisition, net of terminations | ||||||||||||||||||||
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities:2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfer of loans from held for investment to held for sale | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Transfer from loans to OREO | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Transfer from bank premises to OREO | ||||||||||||||||||||
1Primarily attributable to the state of Florida. | ||||||||||||||||||||
2See "Note 17 - Business Combinations" for non-cash transactions related to business combinations. | ||||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
79
SEACOAST BANKING CORPORATION OF FLORIDA AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
| Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Convertible | Accumulated Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred Stock | Common Stock | Paid-in | Retained | Treasury | Comprehensive | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars and shares in thousands) | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Earnings | Stock | Income (Loss) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for stock-based employee benefit plans | — | — | — | ( | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, pursuant to acquisition | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of options, pursuant to acquisition | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | — | — | ( | ( | ( | — | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for stock-based employee benefit plans | — | — | — | ( | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | — | — | ( | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2024 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock issued for stock-based employee benefit plans | — | — | — | ( | — | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, pursuant to acquisition | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of preferred stock, pursuant to acquisition | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on common stock ($ | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock ($ | — | — | — | — | — | ( | — | — | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2025 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1In the fourth quarter of 2025, non-voting convertible preferred shares were issued in connection with the VBI acquisition. Those shares earn dividends pro-rata with common shares, or $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
80
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida and Subsidiaries
Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies
General: Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (“Seacoast” or the “Company”) is a financial holding company with one operating subsidiary bank, Seacoast National Bank (“Seacoast Bank”). The Company provides integrated financial services including commercial and consumer banking, wealth management, and mortgage and insurance services to customers at 104 full-service branches, and through advanced mobile and online banking solutions. 19 branches recently acquired in the Villages community and in North Central Florida will operate under the name Citizens First Bank until Seacoast’s system conversion takes place early in the third quarter of 2026.
See the Glossary of Defined Terms at the beginning of this Report for terms used herein.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Seacoast and all its majority-owned subsidiaries but exclude trusts created for the issuance of trust preferred securities. In consolidation, all significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.
Use of Estimates: The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments in the application of certain accounting policies that involve significant estimates and assumptions. The Company has established policies and control procedures that are intended to ensure valuation methods are well controlled and applied consistently from period to period. These estimates and assumptions, which may materially affect the reported amounts of certain assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements, and changes in this information over time and the use of revised estimates and assumptions could materially affect amounts reported in subsequent financial statements. Specific areas, among others, requiring the application of management’s estimates include the determination of the ACL, acquisition accounting and purchased loans, intangible assets and impairment testing, and other fair value measurements.
Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include cash and due from banks and interest-bearing bank balances. Cash equivalents have original maturities of three months or less, and accordingly, the carrying amount of these instruments is deemed to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Time Deposits with Other Banks: Time deposits with other banks consist of certificates of deposit with original maturities greater than three months and are carried at cost.
Securities: Debt securities are classified as AFS or HTM. Debt securities AFS may be sold as part of the Company's asset/liability management or in response to, or in anticipation of, changes in interest rates and resulting prepayment risk, or for other factors, and are stated at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses are reflected as a component of shareholders' equity net of tax or included in noninterest income as appropriate. Debt securities HTM that the Company has the ability and intent to hold to maturity are carried at amortized cost. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values are considered marketable and measured at fair value with unrealized gains or losses included in noninterest income as securities gains or losses. Equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values are considered non-marketable and are accounted for at cost under the measurement alternative to fair value, with adjustments for impairment and observable price changes if applicable.
The estimated fair value of a security is determined based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses, using observable market data where available.
81
Realized gains and losses are included in noninterest income as investment securities gains (losses). Interest and dividends on securities, including amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on debt securities, are recognized in interest income on an accrual basis using the interest method. The Company anticipates prepayments of principal in the calculation of the effective yield for collateralized mortgage obligations and mortgage-backed securities by obtaining estimates of prepayments from independent third parties. The adjusted cost of each specific security sold is used to compute realized gains or losses on the sale of securities on a trade date basis.
Credit losses on securities: For securities classified as HTM, management estimates expected credit losses over the remaining expected life and recognizes this estimate as an ACL. Debt securities classified as AFS are considered impaired if the fair value is less than amortized cost. Impairments are analyzed at an individual security level on a quarterly basis and both quantitative and qualitative assessments are utilized to determine if a security has a credit loss. Qualitative assessments consider a range of factors including percent decline in fair value, rating downgrades, subordination, duration, amortized LTV, and the ability of the issuers to pay all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms. Quantitative assessments are based on a discounted cash flow analysis, which includes evaluating the timing and amount of the expected cash flows. If any portion of the decline in fair value is related to credit, then the credit loss is recognized as an allowance for credit loss, and the noncredit portion is recognized in other comprehensive income.
Loans Held for Sale: The Company has elected to account for residential mortgage loans originated as held for sale at fair value. Changes in fair value are measured and recorded in Mortgage banking income in noninterest income each period. The Company designates other loans as held for sale when it has the intent to sell them. These loans are recorded at the lower of cost or estimated fair value on an individual basis. When such loans are transferred to held for sale, any previously recorded ACL is reversed into earnings, and the loan is recorded at its amortized cost basis. Prior to the transfer, write-downs on the loans are recorded as charge-offs, establishing a new cost basis upon transfer.
Loans Held for Investment: Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are considered held for investment. Loans originated by Seacoast and held for investment are recognized at the principal amount outstanding, net of unearned income and amounts charged off. Unearned income includes discounts, premiums and deferred loan origination fees reduced by loan origination costs. Unearned income on loans is amortized to interest income over the life of the related loan using the effective interest rate method. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis.
Loans acquired through business acquisitions are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. Loans that, as of the date of acquisition, have experienced a more-than-insignificant deterioration in credit quality since origination are classified as PCD. Acquired loans that do not meet the definition of PCD are classified by the Company as acquired Non-PCD. Expected credit losses on loans not considered PCD are recognized through the provision for credit losses when the initial allowance is recorded.
A loan for which the terms have been modified with principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, an other-than-insignificant payment delay or a term extension and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, is considered to be a TBM.
Loans held for investment are categorized into the following segments:
•Construction and land development: Loans are extended to both commercial and consumer customers which are collateralized by and for the purpose of funding land development and construction projects, including commercial, 1-4 family residential, multi-family, and non-farm residential properties where the primary source of repayment is from proceeds of the sale, refinancing or permanent financing of the property.
•CRE - owner occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring or refinancing real estate to be occupied by the borrower's business. These loans are collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the performance of the company occupying the property.
•CRE - non-owner occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring or refinancing commercial property where occupancy by the borrower is not their primary intent. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans, collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on rental income from third parties or from the sale of the property.
•Residential real estate: Loans are extended to consumer customers and collateralized primarily by 1-4 family residential properties and include fixed and variable rate mortgages, home equity mortgages, and HELOCs. Loans are primarily written based on conventional loan agency guidelines, including loans that exceed agency value limitations. Sources of repayment are largely dependent on the occupant of the residential property.
82
•Commercial and financial: Loans are extended to commercial customers. The purpose of the loans can be working capital, physical asset expansion, asset acquisition or other business purposes. Loans may be collateralized by assets owned by the borrower or the borrower's business. Commercial loans are based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the borrower's business and secondarily on the capacity of credit enhancements, guarantees, and underlying collateral provided by the borrower.
•Consumer: Loans are extended to consumer customers. The segment includes both installment loans and lines of credit which may be collateralized or non-collateralized.
Allowance for credit losses on loans: The ACL represents management's best estimate of expected credit losses related to the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The ACL is a valuation account that is deducted from the loans' amortized cost basis to present the net amount to be collected on loans. Loan balances deemed uncollectible are charged off against the ACL and recoveries are credited to the allowance. In order to adjust the allowance to the current estimate of expected credit losses, charges or credits to the provision for credit losses are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company excludes accrued interest on loans from its determination of allowance as such amounts are generally reversed against interest income when a loan is placed in nonperforming status.
Portfolio segments represent the level at which the Company develops and documents its methodology for determining its ACL. Portfolio segments are disaggregated by similar risk characteristics such as customer and/or collateral type and are described above in Loans Held for Investment.
The ACL is measured on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. Management establishes the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Economic forecast data is sourced from Moody’s, a firm recognized for its research, analysis, and economic forecasts. The forecasts of future economic conditions are over a period that has been deemed reasonable and supportable, and in segments where it can no longer develop reasonable and supportable forecasts, the Company reverts to longer-term historical loss experience to estimate losses over the remaining life of the loans. The forecast may utilize one scenario or a composite of scenarios based on management's judgment and expectations around the current and future macroeconomic outlook. Expected credit losses are estimated for commercial loans using a discounted cash flow over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for expected prepayments when appropriate. A loss rate methodology is utilized for consumer loans.
Adjustments may be made to baseline reserves based on an assessment of internal and external influences on credit quality not fully reflected in the quantitative components of the allowance model. These influences may include elements such as changes in concentration, macroeconomic conditions, recent observable asset quality trends, staff turnover, regional market conditions, employment levels, model risk, integration risk, and loan growth. Based upon management's assessments of these factors, the Company may apply qualitative adjustments to the allowance.
Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. Loans evaluated individually are not also included in the collective evaluation. For loans that are individually evaluated, the allowance is determined through review of data specific to the borrower and the related collateral, if any. When management determines that foreclosure is probable, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate.
The allowance for PCD loans is determined at the time of acquisition as the estimated expected credit loss of the outstanding balance or par value, based on the methodologies described previously for loans. The allowance recognized at acquisition is added to the acquisition date purchase price to determine the asset’s amortized cost basis.
It is the Company's practice to ensure that the charge-off policy aligns with regulatory requirements. Losses on unsecured consumer loans are recognized at 90 days past due. In compliance with FFIEC guidelines, secured consumer loans, including residential real estate, are typically charged off or charged down between 120 and 180 days past due, depending on the collateral type. Commercial loans and real estate loans are typically placed on nonaccrual status when principal or interest is past due for 90 days or more, unless the loan is both secured by collateral having realizable value sufficient to discharge the debt in-full and the loan is in process of collection. Secured loans may be charged down to the estimated value of the collateral with previously accrued unpaid interest reversed against interest income. Subsequent charge-offs may be required as a result of changes in the market value of collateral or other repayment prospects. Initial charge-off amounts are based on valuation estimates derived from appraisals or other market information. Generally, updated appraisals are not received until the foreclosure process is completed; however, collateral values are evaluated periodically based on market information and incremental charge-offs are recorded if it is determined that collateral values have declined from their initial estimates.
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Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities: The Company enters into derivative contracts, including swaps, to meet the needs of customers who request such services and to manage the Company's exposure to interest rate fluctuations. Derivative contracts are carried at fair value and recorded in the consolidated balance sheet within Other assets or Other liabilities. The gain or loss resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and qualifying as cash flow hedging instruments is initially reported as a component of Other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings through interest income in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The gain or loss resulting from changes in the fair value of interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges is classified in the statement of income or comprehensive income in the line item associated with the instrument being hedged.
The Company prepares written hedge documentation for all derivatives which are designated as hedges of (i) changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge) attributable to a specified risk or (ii) a forecasted transaction, such as the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (cash flow hedge). The written hedge documentation includes identification of, among other items, the risk management objective, hedging instrument, hedged item, and methodologies for assessing and measuring hedge effectiveness, along with support for management’s assertion that the hedge will be highly effective.
The Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively when it is determined that the derivative contract is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative expires or is terminated, management determines that the designation of the derivative as a hedging instrument is no longer appropriate or, for a cash flow hedge, the occurrence of the forecasted transaction is no longer probable. When hedge accounting on a cash flow hedge is discontinued, any subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recognized in earnings. The cumulative unrealized gain or loss related to a discontinuing cash flow hedge continues to be reported in AOCI and is subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged transactions affects earnings, unless it is probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period, in which case the cumulative unrealized gain or loss in AOCI is reclassified into earnings immediately.
Cash flows resulting from derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as hedges are classified in the cash flow statement in the same category as the cash flows from the hedged items.
Loan Commitments and Letters of Credit: Loan commitments and letters of credit are an off-balance sheet item and represent commitments to make loans or lines of credit available to borrowers. The face amount of these commitments represents an exposure to loss, before considering customer collateral or ability to repay. Such commitments are recognized as loans when funded. The Company estimates a reserve for potential losses on unfunded commitments, which is reported separately from the ACL, within Other Liabilities. Changes to the allowance for credit losses on unfunded commitments are recorded in noninterest expense on the income statement. The reserve is based upon the same quantitative and qualitative factors applied to the collectively evaluated loan portfolio. Fees on commitments are typically deferred and amortized to interest income over the life of the related loan, beginning with the initial borrowing.
Fair Value Measurements: The Company measures or monitors the fair value of many of its assets and liabilities. Certain assets are measured on a recurring basis, including AFS securities, equity securities, MSR and derivatives. These assets are carried at fair value on the Company’s balance sheets. Additionally, fair value is measured on a non-recurring basis to evaluate assets or liabilities for impairment. Examples include collateral-dependent loans, OREO, and long-lived assets.
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Depending on the nature of the asset or liability, the Company uses various valuation techniques and assumptions when estimating fair value.
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The Company applies the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Assets or liabilities for which the identical item is traded on an active exchange, such as publicly-traded instruments.
Level 2 – Assets and liabilities valued based on observable market data for similar instruments.
Level 3 – Assets and liabilities for which significant valuation assumptions are not readily observable in the market; instruments valued based on the best available data, some of which is internally-developed, and considers risk premiums that a market participant would require.
When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at and/or marked to fair value, the Company considers the principal market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, the Company looks to active and observable markets to price identical assets or liabilities. When identical assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, the Company looks to market observable data for similar assets and liabilities. Certain assets and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets, and the Company must use alternative valuation techniques to derive a fair value measurement.
Bank Premises and Equipment: Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Premises and equipment include certain costs associated with the acquisition of leasehold improvements. Depreciation and amortization are recognized principally by the straight-line method, over the estimated useful lives as follows: buildings - 25 -40 years, leasehold improvements - 5 -25 years, furniture and equipment - 3 -12 years. Leasehold improvements amortize over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life. Premises and equipment and other long-term assets are reviewed for impairment when events indicate their carrying amount may not be recoverable. If impaired, the assets are written down to fair value with a corresponding increase to noninterest expense.
Other Real Estate Owned: OREO consists of real estate taken in foreclosure of defaulted loan balances. These assets are carried at an amount equal to the loan balance prior to foreclosure plus costs incurred for improvements to the property, but no more than the estimated fair value of the property less estimated selling costs. Any valuation adjustments required at the date of transfer are charged to the ACL. Subsequently, unrealized losses and realized gains and losses are included in other noninterest expense. Operating results from OREO are recorded in other noninterest expense.
OREO may also include bank premises no longer utilized in the course of the Company's business (closed branches) that are initially recorded at the lower of carrying value or fair value, less costs to sell. If the fair value of the premises is less than carrying value, a write down is recorded through noninterest expense. Costs to maintain the property are expensed.
Intangible Assets: The Company’s intangible assets consist of goodwill, CDI, customer relationship intangibles and loan servicing rights. Goodwill results from business combinations and represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill may be adjusted for up to one year from the acquisition date in the event new information is obtained which, if known at the date of the acquisition, would have impacted the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities. Goodwill is considered to have an indefinite useful life and is not amortized, but rather tested for impairment annually in the fourth quarter, or more often if circumstances arise that may indicate risk of impairment. If impaired, goodwill is written down with a corresponding impact to noninterest expense.
The Company recognizes CDI that result from either whole bank acquisitions or branch acquisitions. CDI is initially measured at fair value and then amortized over periods ranging from to ten years generally on an accelerated basis. Customer relationship intangibles are measured at fair value and amortized on a straight-line basis over ten years . The Company evaluates other identifiable intangibles for impairment annually, or more often if circumstances arise that may indicate risk of impairment. If impaired, the intangible asset is written down with a corresponding increase to noninterest expense.
Servicing Rights: In October 2025, the Company acquired MSRs as part of the VBI acquisition. The acquired MSRs were initially recognized at fair value, and the Company elected to subsequently measure these MSRs using the fair value method, with changes in fair value reported in earnings, within Mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income, during the period in which they occur. The Company retains the right to service certain residential mortgage loans that it sells to secondary market investors and these MSRs are recognized as a separate asset on the date the corresponding mortgage loan is sold and accounted for using the fair value method. The fair value of MSRs is estimated using a discounted cash flow approach, which incorporates key assumptions such as expected cash flows, prepayment speeds, servicing costs, market discount rates, and other relevant factors.
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Bank Owned Life Insurance: The Company, through its subsidiary bank, has purchased or acquired through bank acquisitions, life insurance policies on certain key executives and members of management. BOLI is recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is the cash surrender value adjusted for other charges or other amounts due that are probable at settlement.
Other Investments: Included in Other Assets are investments in funds generating affordable housing tax credits, and investments in SBICs, which are privately owned and operated companies licensed by the SBA to invest in small businesses. Investments generating tax credits are accounted for using the proportional amortization method. Under this method, the investor amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits allocated to the investor. The amortization is recorded in income tax expense within the income statement, which is the location the related tax credits are recorded. SBIC investments are accounted for using the NAV practical expedient as provided in the financial statements received from the SBICs. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2024, SBIC investments were accounted for at cost less impairment, if any. Income from SBIC investments is recognized in Noninterest income.
Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes two types of revenue in its Consolidated Statements of Income, interest income and noninterest income. The Company's principal source of revenue is interest income from loans and securities which is recognized on an accrual basis using the effective interest method.
Noninterest income includes revenue from various types of transactions and services provided to customers. The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers as performance obligations are satisfied. Performance obligations are typically satisfied in one year or less. Relevant activity includes:
•Service Charges on Deposits: Seacoast Bank offers a variety of deposit-related services to its customers through several delivery channels including branch offices, ATMs, telephone, mobile, and internet banking. Transaction-based fees are recognized when services, each of which represents a performance obligation, are satisfied. Service fees may be assessed monthly, quarterly, or annually; however, the account agreements to which these fees relate can be canceled at any time by Seacoast and/or the customer. Therefore, the contract term is considered a single day (a day-to-day contract).
•Wealth Management Income: The Company earns trust fees from fiduciary services provided to trust customers, which include custody of assets, recordkeeping, collection and distribution of funds. Fees are earned over time and accrued monthly as the Company provides services, and are generally assessed based on the market value of the trust assets under management at a particular date or over a particular period. The Company also earns commissions and fees from investment brokerage services provided to its customers through an arrangement with a third-party service provider. Commissions received from the third-party service provider are recorded monthly and are based upon customer activity. Fees are earned over time and accrued monthly as services are provided. The Company acts as an agent in this arrangement and therefore presents the brokerage commissions and fees net of related costs.
•Mortgage Banking Income: The Company recognizes earnings derived from mortgages originated and subsequently sold, generally with servicing retained. The primary components include gains and losses on mortgage sales; servicing revenue; changes in fair value of MSRs; and changes in fair value of IRLCs, forward TBA mortgage-backed securities,
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and forward loan sale commitments. Refer to "Servicing Rights" and "Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities" in Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies, for further discussion.
•Interchange Income: Fees earned on card transactions depend upon the volume of activity, as well as the fees permitted by the payment network. Such fees are recognized by the Company upon fulfilling its performance obligation to approve the card transaction.
•Insurance Agency Income: Insurance commissions are earned upon the sale of insurance products as agent and are paid by the insurance companies upon the completion of application requirements and receipt of client payment to the insurance company. The commissions are recognized upon the placement date of the insurance policies, representing the Company’s related performance obligations. Commission payment is normally received within the policy period.
Treasury Stock and Share Repurchases: The Company's repurchases of shares of its common stock are recorded at cost as additional paid-in capital and result in a reduction of shareholders' equity. Activity in treasury stock represents shares traded to offset employee payroll taxes on vested shares. Shares held in treasury are also used for employee share purchases through the Company's ESPP.
Convertible Preferred Stock: On October 1, 2025, the Company issued Series A Non-Voting Preferred Stock and each 1/1,000 th of a share of Series A preferred stock is convertible into one share of Seacoast common stock, subject to certain restrictions. Holders of Series A preferred stock are entitled to receive ratable dividends when dividends are concurrently declared and payable on the shares of Seacoast common stock. See "Note 17 - Business Combinations," for further detail.
ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (ASC 480-10-S99-3A) requires preferred stock that is redeemable for cash or other assets to be classified outside of permanent equity if it is redeemable (i) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (ii) at the option of the holder, or (iii) upon the occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the issuer. The terms of the convertible preferred stock provide for the convertible preferred shares to receive the same form and amount of consideration, if any, as the holders of common stock in the event of a change in control of the Company. No such event is considered probable; however, because the terms may result in settlement in cash or other non-equity consideration upon an event outside of the Company's control, the convertible preferred stock does not meet the criteria for permanent equity classification, and management has determined it should instead be classified outside of permanent equity under ASC 480.
Stock-Based Compensation: For RSAs, which generally vest based on continued service with the Company, the deferred compensation is measured as the fair value of the shares on the date of grant, and the deferred compensation is amortized as salaries and wages expense in accordance with the applicable vesting schedule, generally straight-line over three years . Some award shares vest based upon the Company achieving certain performance goals and the amortization expense recorded within salaries and wages is based on an estimate of the most likely results on a straight line basis. The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with market assumptions. The fair value is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, generally five years . The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires disclosure of specific categories in the income tax rate reconciliation and requires additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. The standard requires an annual disclosure of income taxes paid, net of refunds received, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes and to disaggregate the information by jurisdiction based on a quantitative threshold. The standard was adopted by the Company effective January 1, 2025 and the required disclosures are included in “Note 12 - Income Taxes” and the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows beginning with the Company's Annual Report on this Form 10-K.
Issued Accounting Standards
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Expense Disaggregation Disclosures. ASU 2024-03 requires disclosure of disaggregated prescribed expenses within relevant income statement captions. The standard is effective for fiscal years
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beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of the changes to its existing disclosures.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-08, Credit Losses (Topic 326): Purchased Loans. ASU 2025-08 requires that purchased seasoned loans be accounted for using the gross-up approach. The gross-up approach requires recognition of an ACL for the estimate of credit losses at the acquisition date. The ACL is recorded with an offsetting gross-up adjustment to the purchase price of the acquired financial asset. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and for interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted; however, the Company did not early adopt the standard as of December 31, 2025.
In November 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-09, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Hedge Accounting Improvements. ASU 2025-09 introduces five targeted improvements to better align hedge accounting with entities’ risk management activities. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company is evaluating the impact of the changes to its consolidated financial statements and existing disclosures.
In December 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-11, Interim Reporting (Topic 270): Narrow-Scope Improvements. ASU 2025-11 clarifies interim disclosure requirements and provides a comprehensive list of interim disclosures that are required by GAAP. The ASU also include a disclosure principle that requires entities to disclose events since the end of the last annual reporting period that have a material impact on the entity. The standard is effective for interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is evaluating the impact of the changes to its consolidated financial statements and existing disclosures.
Note 2 - Earnings Per Share
The Company computes EPS using the two-class method. The two-class method of computing EPS is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for common stock and any participating securities according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The Company's Series A Non-Voting Preferred Stock is a participating security. Basic earnings per common share are computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS are based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during each period, plus common share equivalents, calculated for share-based awards outstanding using the treasury stock method and preferred shares using the more dilutive of either the two-class or if-converted method.
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Options to purchase shares of the Company's common stock totaling 321,102 in 2025, 327,186 in 2024, and 344,230 in 2023, were anti-dilutive.
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Basic EPS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Less preferred stock dividends | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less allocation of earnings to preferred stock | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders after allocation of earnings to preferred stock | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Average common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Diluted EPS | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Less preferred stock dividends | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Less allocation of earnings to preferred stock | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders after allocation of earnings to preferred stock | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Average common shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
Add: Dilutive effect of employee restricted stock and stock options | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Average diluted shares outstanding | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income per share | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
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Note 3 - Securities
The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses and fair value of debt securities AFS and HTM at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are summarized as follows:
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| AFS Debt Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLOs | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| HTM Debt Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Amortized Cost | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| AFS Debt Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLOs | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| HTM Debt Securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
During the year ended December 31, 2025, debt securities with a fair value of $1.8 billion assumed in bank acquisitions were sold. No gain or loss was recognized on these sales. During the year ended December 31, 2025, there were $19.8 million in other sales of securities, with gross losses of $1.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2024, debt securities with a fair value of $217.0 million were sold, with gross losses of $12.0 million. During the year ended December 31, 2023, debt securities with a fair value of $22.1 million obtained in the acquisition of Professional were sold, with no corresponding gain or loss on sale recognized. During the year ended December 31, 2023, there were $91.3 million in other sales of securities, with gross gains of $25 thousand and gross losses of $3.0 million. Also included in “Securities losses, net” is an increase of $0.4 million in 2025, a decrease of $0.1 million in 2024, and an increase of $42 thousand in 2023, in the value of investments in mutual funds that invest in CRA-qualified debt securities.
At December 31, 2025, debt securities with a fair value of $1.8 billion were pledged primarily as collateral for public deposits and secured borrowings.
The amortized cost and fair value of securities HTM and AFS at December 31, 2025, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because prepayments of the underlying collateral for these securities may occur, due to the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Securities not due at a single maturity date are shown separately.
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| Held-to-Maturity | Available-for-Sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due in less than one year | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due after one year through five years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due after five years through ten years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Due after ten years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLOs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The estimated fair value of a security is determined based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models, or discounted cash flow analyses, or using observable market data. The tables below indicate the fair value of AFS debt securities with unrealized losses for which no ACL has been recorded.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less Than 12 Months | 12 Months or Longer | Total1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLOs | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other debt securities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Comprised of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less Than 12 Months | 12 Months or Longer | Total1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Unrealized Losses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Private mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLOs | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obligations of state and political subdivisions | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Comprised of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
At December 31, 2025, the Company had unrealized losses of $0.5 million on U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies having a fair value of $35.8 million. These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. The Company does not expect individual securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, a U.S. agency, or a sponsored U.S. agency to incur future losses of principal. Based on the assessment of all relevant factors, the Company believes that the unrealized loss positions on these debt securities are a function of changes in investment spreads and interest rate movements and not changes in credit quality and expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. Therefore, at December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded.
At December 31, 2025, the Company had unrealized losses of $141.3 million on commercial and residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by government-sponsored entities having a fair value of $1.3 billion. These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government and have a long history of no credit losses. The implied government guarantee of principal and interest payments and the high credit rating of the portfolio provide a sufficient basis for the current expectation that there is no risk of loss if default were to occur. Based on the assessment of all relevant factors, the Company believes that the unrealized loss positions on these debt securities are a function of changes in investment spreads and interest rate movements and not changes in credit quality and expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. Therefore, at December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded.
At December 31, 2025, the Company had $5.0 million of unrealized losses on private label residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations having a fair value of $77.8 million. The securities have weighted-average credit support of 22 %. Based on the evaluation of available information relevant to collectibility, the Company believes that the unrealized loss positions on these debt securities are a function of changes in investment spreads and interest rate movements and not changes in credit quality and expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. Therefore, at December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded.
At December 31, 2025, the Company had $0.5 million of unrealized losses in floating rate CLOs having a fair value of $249.9 million. CLOs are special purpose vehicles and those in which the Company has invested are nearly all first-lien, broadly syndicated corporate loans across a diversified band of industries while providing support to senior tranche investors. As of December 31, 2025, all positions held by the Company are in AAA and AA tranches, with weighted-average credit support of 38 % and 24 %, respectively. The Company evaluates the securities for potential credit losses by modeling expected loan-level defaults, recoveries, and prepayments for each CLO security. Based on the evaluation of available information relevant to collectibility, the Company believes that the unrealized loss positions on these debt securities are a function of changes in investment spreads and interest rate movements and not changes in credit quality and expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. Therefore, at December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded.
At December 31, 2025, the Company had $2.5 million of unrealized losses on municipal securities having a fair value of $249.9 million. These securities are highly rated issuances of state or local municipalities, all of which are continuing to make timely contractual payments. Based on the evaluation of available information relevant to collectibility, the Company believes that the unrealized loss positions on these debt securities are a function of changes in investment spreads and interest rate movements
93
and not changes in credit quality and expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of these securities. As a result, as of December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded.
All HTM debt securities are issued by government-sponsored entities, which are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government and have a long history of no credit losses. The implied government guarantee of principal and interest payments and the high credit rating of the HTM portfolio provide sufficient basis for the current expectation that there is no risk of loss if a default were to occur. As a result, as of December 31, 2025, no ACL has been recorded. The Company has the intent and ability to hold these securities until maturity.
Included in Other assets at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, is $135.6 million and $77.3 million, respectively, of FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank stock stated at par value. The Company has not identified events or changes in circumstances which may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of these cost method investment securities. Accrued interest receivable on AFS and HTM debt securities of $24.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2025, and $9.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively, at December 31, 2024, is included in . Also included in Other assets are investments in CRA-qualified mutual funds carried at fair value of $13.9 million and $13.5 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
94
Note 4 - Loans
The following tables present net loan balances by segment for portfolio loans, PCD loans, and loans purchased which are not considered purchase credit deteriorated (“Non-PCD”) as of:
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Portfolio Loans | Acquired Non-PCD Loans | PCD Loans | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Portfolio Loans | Acquired Non-PCD Loans | PCD Loans | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
The amortized cost basis of loans included net deferred costs of $46.3 million and $43.9 million at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. At December 31, 2025, the remaining fair value adjustments on acquired loans was a discount of $150.0 million, or 4.0 % of the outstanding acquired loan balances, compared to $128.1 million, or 4.3 % of the acquired loan balances at December 31, 2024. The discount is accreted into interest income over the remaining lives of the related loans on a level yield basis.
Accrued interest receivable is included within Other Assets and was $45.7 million and $38.1 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Loans to directors and executive officers totaled $3.0 million and $1.4 million at December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
95
The following tables present the status of net loan balances as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Current | Accruing 30-59 Days Past Due | Accruing 60-89 Days Past Due | Accruing Greater Than 90 Days | Nonaccrual | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Portfolio Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Portfolio Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired Non-PCD Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Acquired Non-PCD Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PCD Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total PCD Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
96
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Current | Accruing 30-59 Days Past Due | Accruing 60-89 Days Past Due | Accruing Greater Than 90 Days | Nonaccrual | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Portfolio Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Portfolio Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired Non-PCD Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Acquired Non-PCD Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PCD Loans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total PCD Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Loans | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
97
All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest subsequently received on such loans is accounted for under the cost-recovery method, whereby interest income is not recognized until the loan balance is paid down to zero. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, and future payments are reasonably assured. The Company recognized interest income of $4.0 million, $1.3 million, and $0.5 million on nonaccrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
The following tables present net loans on nonaccrual status as of:
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Nonaccrual Loans With No Related Allowance | Nonaccrual Loans With an Allowance | Total Nonaccrual Loans | |||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Nonaccrual Loans With No Related Allowance | Nonaccrual Loans With an Allowance | Total Nonaccrual Loans | |||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Loans by Risk Rating
The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of identifying problem and potential problem loans. The following classifications are used to categorize loans under the internal classification system:
•Pass: Loans that are not problem loans or potential problem loans are considered to be pass-rated.
•Special Mention: Loans that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in the Substandard or Doubtful categories but possess weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention are deemed to be Special Mention.
•Substandard: Loans with the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
•Doubtful: Loans that have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weakness present makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
98
The following tables present the risk rating of loans and gross charge-offs by year of origination as of:
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior | Revolving | Revolving Converted to Term | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and Land Development | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
99
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior | Revolving | Revolving Converted to Term | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior | Revolving | Revolving Converted to Term | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and Land Development | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
100
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior | Revolving | Revolving Converted to Term | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Risk Ratings: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pass | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Special Mention | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Substandard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Doubtful | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Charge-Offs | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
101
Troubled Borrower Modifications
The following tables present the amortized cost of TBM loans that were modified during the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023.
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Rate Reduction or Rate Reduction with Term Extension | Term Extension and/or Payment Delay | Total1 | % of Total Class of Loans | |||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
1At December 31, 2025, there were $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Rate Reduction or Rate Reduction with Term Extension | Term Extension and/or Payment Delay1 | Total1 | % of Total Class of Loans | |||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||
1At December 31, 2024, there were no unfunded lending related commitments associated with TBMs. 2Excludes $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Term Extension and/or Payment Delay1 | % of Total Class of Loans | ||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | $ | % | ||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | % | ||||||||||||
1At December 31, 2023, there were no unfunded lending related commitments associated with TBMs. | ||||||||||||||
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The following tables present the payment status of TBM loans that were modified in the twelve months prior to December 31, 2025, the twelve months prior to December 31, 2024, and the twelve months prior to December 31, 2023.
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Current | Accruing 30-59 Days Past Due | Accruing 60-89 Days Past Due | Accruing Greater Than 90 Days | Nonaccrual | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Current | Accruing 30-59 Days Past Due | Accruing 60-89 Days Past Due | Accruing Greater Than 90 Days | Nonaccrual | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consumer1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Excludes $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Current | Accruing 30-59 Days Past Due | Accruing 60-89 Days Past Due | Accruing Greater Than 90 Days | Nonaccrual | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
TBM loans that experienced a payment default during the years ending December 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023 and that were modified in the 12 months preceding the default were immaterial as of December 31, 2025, December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023 respectively.
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Note 5 - Allowance for Credit Losses
Activity in the ACL is summarized as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Beginning Balance | Allowance on PCD Loans Acquired During the Period | Provision for Credit Losses | Charge- Offs | Recoveries | Ending Balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Beginning Balance | Provision for Credit Losses | Charge- Offs | Recoveries | Ending Balance | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Beginning Balance | Allowance on PCD Loans Acquired During the Period | Provision for Credit Losses | Charge- Offs | Recoveries | Ending Balance | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ( | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Management establishes the allowance using relevant available information from both internal and external sources, relating to past events, current economic conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Forecast data is sourced from Moody’s, a firm widely recognized for its research, analysis, and economic forecasts. The forecasts of future economic conditions are over the expected remaining life of the loan using economic forecasts that revert to long-term historical averages over time.
As of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company utilized a multiple scenario model comprised of a blend of Moody’s economic scenarios and considered the uncertainty associated with the assumptions in the scenarios, including continued actions taken by the Federal Reserve regarding monetary policy and changes in interest rates and the potential impact of those actions. Outcomes could differ from the scenarios utilized, and the Company incorporated qualitative considerations
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reflecting the risk of uncertain economic conditions, and for additional dimensions of risk that may not be captured in the quantitative model.
The following section discusses changes in the level of the ACL for the year ended December 31, 2025.
The allowance increased $40.7 million, or 29.5 %, during 2025 to $178.8 million, or 1.42 %, of loans held for investment as of December 31, 2025. The acquisition of VBI on October 1, 2025, added approximately $1.2 billion in loans and provision expense of $22.7 million for the non-PCD loans acquired from VBI, contributing to the increase in allowance in each segment.
In the Construction and land development segment, the increase in the allowance is primarily due to an increase in outstanding loan balances. In this segment, the primary source of repayment typically stems from proceeds of the sale or permanent financing of the underlying property. Therefore, industry, collateral type and estimated collateral values are among the relevant factors in assessing expected losses.
In the CRE - owner-occupied segment, the allowance increased due to an increase in loan balances and additional credit and integration risk associated with acquired loan balances. Risk characteristics include, but are not limited to, collateral type, note structure, and loan seasoning.
In the CRE - Non-owner occupied segment, the allowance increase is driven by an increase in loan balances and additional credit and integration risk associated with acquired loan balances. Repayment is often dependent upon rental income from the successful operation of the underlying property or from the sale of the property. Loan performance may be adversely affected by general economic conditions or conditions specific to the real estate market, including property types. Collateral type, note structure, and loan seasoning are among the risk characteristics analyzed for this segment.
The Residential real estate segment includes residential mortgage, home equity loans and HELOCs. The increase in the allowance is primarily due to an increase in loans due to the VBI acquisition. Risk characteristics considered for this segment include, but are not limited to, borrower FICO score, lien position, LTV ratios, and loan seasoning.
In the Commercial and financial segment, borrowers are primarily small to medium-sized professional firms and other businesses, and loans are generally supported by projected cash flows of the business, collateralized by business assets, and/or guaranteed by the business owners. The increase in the allowance is due to an increase in loan balances. Industry, collateral type, estimated collateral values, and loan seasoning are among the relevant factors in assessing expected losses.
Note 6 – Derivatives
Interest Rate Contracts
The Company offers interest rate swaps when requested by customers to allow them to hedge the risk of rising interest rates on their variable rate loans. Upon entering into these swaps, the Company enters into offsetting positions with counterparties in order to minimize the interest rate risk. These back-to-back swaps are freestanding financial derivatives with the fair values reported in Other assets and Other liabilities. The Company is party to master netting arrangements with its financial institution counterparties; however, the Company does not offset assets and liabilities under the arrangements for financial statement presentation purposes. Gains and losses on these back-to-back swaps, which offset, are recorded through Noninterest income.
Interest Rate Cap Designated as Cash Flow Hedges
The Company has entered into interest rate caps to mitigate exposure to the variability of future cash flows due to changes in interest rates on certain segments of its variable-rate loans. During 2025, the Company entered into three interest rate caps, each with a notional amount of $100.0 0.3 million through Other comprehensive income, and reclassified $0.1 million out of AOCI and into Interest Income. Over the next twelve months the Company expects to reclassify $0.6 million from AOCI into Interest Income related to these agreements.
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Interest Rate Swaps Designated as Fair Value Hedges
The Company periodically enters into interest rate swap contracts to hedge the risk of changes in fair value of the AFS securities portfolio due to changes in SOFR. The Company considers these derivatives to be highly effective at offsetting changes in interest rates and assesses the effectiveness on a quarterly basis. The effect of changes in interest rates on the fair value of these derivative contracts is recognized in other comprehensive income. These derivative instruments are primarily for risk management purposes. There were no securities fair value hedges at December 31, 2025. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized, through other comprehensive income, net losses of $0.4 million, and reclassified net losses of $0.5 million out of accumulated other comprehensive income into interest income. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized net losses through other comprehensive income of $2.7 million and reclassified net gains of $0.4 million out of accumulated other comprehensive income into interest income.
The Company has entered into interest rate swap contracts to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of a pool of residential mortgages due to changes in SOFR. These fair value hedges utilize the portfolio layer method. The Company considers these derivatives to be highly effective at offsetting changes in interest rates and assesses the effectiveness on a quarterly basis. The effect of changes in interest rates on the fair value of these derivative contracts is recognized in interest income. These derivative instruments are primarily for risk management purposes. For the years ended December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company recognized gains through interest income of $0.9 million and $2.3 million, respectively.
Interest Rate Lock Commitment, Forward TBA Mortgage-Backed Securities, and Forward Loan Sale Commitment
The Company enters into commitments to originate mortgage loans in which the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding IRLCs, forward loan sale commitments for the future delivery of these mortgage loans for sale on the secondary market, and forward TBA mortgage-backed securities, which are classified as freestanding derivatives. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized a loss of $0.1 million in Mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income, related to these non-hedging derivative financial instruments.
| (In thousands) | Notional Amount | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts1 | $ | $ | Other assets and Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage fair value hedges | Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate caps cash flow hedges | Other assets | ||||||||||||||||
| IRLC | Other assets | ||||||||||||||||
Forward TBA mortgage-backed securities | Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
| Forward loan sale commitment | Other assets | ||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts1 | $ | $ | Other assets and Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Securities fair value hedges | Other assets | ||||||||||||||||
| Residential mortgage fair value hedges | Other assets and Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
1Interest rate contracts include risk participation agreements with notional amounts of $ | |||||||||||||||||
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The following table presents amounts recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges.
Carrying amount of the hedged items at December 31, | Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in the carrying amount of the hedged items at December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Securities AFS1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans, net2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1At December 31, 2024, the amortized cost basis and unallocated basis adjustments used in hedging relationships was $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2These amounts represent the amortized cost basis of closed portfolios used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the stated amount of assets in the closed portfolios anticipated to be outstanding for the designated hedge period. At each of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the portfolio layer method was $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Note 7 - Bank Premises and Equipment
Bank premises and equipment consisted of the following:
| (In thousands) | Cost | Accumulated Depreciation & Amortization | Net Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Premises (including land of $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Premises (including land of $ | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Furniture and equipment | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | ( | $ | ||||||||||||||||
Note 8 - Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets
The following table presents changes in the carrying amount of goodwill:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Changes from business combinations | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
The Company performs an analysis for goodwill impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently as considered necessary. The Company performed a qualitative goodwill assessment in the fourth quarter of 2025, and concluded that a quantitative goodwill impairment test was not necessary as it was not more likely-than-not that the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit was below the carrying amount. Based on the analyses performed, the Company concluded that goodwill was not impaired during the periods presented.
Acquired intangible assets primarily consist of CDI, which are intangible assets arising from the purchase of deposits separately or from bank acquisitions. Refer to Note 17 - Business Combinations for additional details related to goodwill, CDI, and other intangibles related to bank acquisitions.
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The change in balance for CDI is as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Beginning of year | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Acquired CDI, including measurement period adjustments | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization expense | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| End of year | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company's CDI subject to amortization was as follows:
| December 31, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | Gross Carrying Amount | Accumulated Amortization | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| CDI | $ | $ | ( | $ | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2025, estimated annual amortization expense for the Company's CDI in future periods was as follows:
| (In thousands) | Amount | |||||||
| 2026 | $ | |||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||
| 2029 | ||||||||
| 2030 | ||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||
The carrying value of servicing rights retained from the sale of the guaranteed portion of SBA loans totaled $1.7
Mortgage Servicing Rights at Fair Value
Changes in the Company's MSRs measured at fair value, acquired through the acquisition of VBI, were as follows for the year ended December 31, 2025:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | |||||||
| Carrying value at beginning of period | $ | |||||||
| Acquired | ||||||||
| Originated servicing rights capitalized upon sale of loan | ||||||||
| Change in fair value: | ||||||||
| Due to payoffs/paydowns | ( | |||||||
| Due to change in valuation inputs or assumptions | ||||||||
| Carrying value at end of period | $ | |||||||
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Data and key economic assumptions, as well as the valuation's sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations, related to the Company’s MSRs as of December 31, 2025 were as follows:
| December 31, | ||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | |||||||
| Unpaid principal balance | $ | |||||||
| Prepayment rate assumptions: | ||||||||
Weighted-average | % | |||||||
| Estimated impact on fair value of a 10% increase | $ | ( | ||||||
| Estimated impact on fair value of a 20% increase | ( | |||||||
| Option-adjusted spread: | ||||||||
Weighted-average | % | |||||||
| Estimated impact on fair value of a 100 basis point increase | $ | ( | ||||||
| Estimated impact on fair value of a 200 basis point increase | ( | |||||||
Weighted-average coupon interest rate | % | |||||||
Weighted-average servicing fee | ||||||||
Weighted-average remaining maturity (in months) | ||||||||
The sensitivity calculations above are hypothetical changes and should not be considered to be predictive of future performance. Changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumption to the change in fair value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the fair value is calculated without changing any other assumption, while in reality changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which may either magnify or counteract the effect of the change.
Note 9 - Borrowings
A significant portion of the Company's short-term borrowings were comprised of securities sold under agreements to repurchase with overnight maturities:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Maximum amount outstanding at any month end | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate at end of year | % | % | ||||||||||||
| Average amount outstanding | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Weighted-average interest rate during the year | % | % | ||||||||||||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are accounted for as secured borrowings. For securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company is required to pledge collateral with value sufficient to fully collateralize borrowings. Company securities pledged were as follows by collateral type and maturity as of:
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value of pledged securities - overnight and continuous: | ||||||||||||||
| Mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government-sponsored entities | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
At December 31, 2025, in addition to $388.5 million in cash, the Company had $7.6 billion in available borrowing capacity, including $3.4 billion in available collateralized lines of credit, $3.8 billion of unpledged debt securities available as collateral for potential additional borrowings, and available unsecured lines of credit of $348.0 million. The secured lines of credit totaling $3.4 billion, included lendable collateral of $2.3 billion and $1.1 billion at the Federal Reserve and the FHLB, respectively. Of the $1.1 billion at the FHLB, $835.0 million was outstanding at December 31, 2025. During 2025, the average interest rate on FHLB borrowings was 4.27 % and the weighted-average interest rate on balances outstanding at December 31, 2025 was 3.82 %.
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At December 31, 2024, in addition to $476.6 million in cash, the Company had $5.6 billion in available borrowing capacity, including $4.0 billion in available collateralized lines of credit, $1.3 billion of unpledged debt securities available as collateral for potential additional borrowings, and available unsecured lines of credit of $348.0 million. The secured lines of credit totaling $4.0 billion, included lendable collateral of $2.6 billion and $1.4 billion at the Federal Reserve and the FHLB, respectively. Of the $1.4 billion at the FHLB, $245.0 million was outstanding at December 31, 2024. During 2024, the average interest rate on FHLB borrowings was 4.20 % and the weighted-average interest rate on balances outstanding at December 31, 2024 was 4.19 %.
The following table details the maturities of our FHLB borrowings at December 31, 2025:
| (In thousands) | Contractual Interest Rate | Carrying Value | ||||||||||||
| 2026 | $ | |||||||||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||||||||
| 2028 | N/A | |||||||||||||
| 2029 | % | |||||||||||||
| Thereafter | N/A | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||||||||
The following table summarizes the Company's junior subordinated trust preferred debentures and related common equity securities as of December 31, 2025:
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Issuance Date | Acquisition Date1 | Maturity Date | Junior Subordinated Debt | Trust Preferred Securities | Common Equity Securities | Contractual Interest Rate | Interest Rate at December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SBCF Capital Trust I | 3/31/2005 | NA | 3/31/2035 | $ | $ | $ | 3 month SOFR + | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SBCF Statutory Trust II | 12/16/2005 | NA | 12/16/2035 | 3 month SOFR + | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SBCF Statutory Trust III | 6/29/2007 | NA | 6/15/2037 | 3 month SOFR + | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The BANKshares, Inc. Statutory Trust I | 12/19/2002 | 10/1/2014 | 12/26/2032 | 3 month SOFR + | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The BANKshares, Inc. Statutory Trust II | 3/17/2004 | 10/1/2014 | 3/17/2034 | 3 month SOFR + | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The BANKshares, Inc. Capital Trust I | 12/15/2005 | 10/1/2014 | 12/15/2035 | 3 month SOFR + | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grand Bank Capital Trust I | 10/29/2004 | 7/17/2015 | 10/29/2034 | 3 month SOFR + | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Acquired junior subordinated debentures were recorded at their acquisition date fair values, which collectively was $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest on the trust preferred securities is calculated on the basis of 3-month SOFR plus spread and is re-set quarterly. The trust preferred securities may be redeemed without penalty, upon approval of the FRB or upon occurrence of certain events affecting their tax or regulatory capital treatment. The proceeds of the offering of trust preferred securities and common equity securities were used by SBCF Capital Trust I and SBCF Statutory Trust II to purchase the $41.2 million junior subordinated deferrable interest notes issued by the Company, and by SBCF Statutory Trust III to purchase the $12.4 million junior subordinated deferrable interest notes issued by the Company, all of which have terms substantially similar to the trust preferred securities.
The Company has the right to defer payments of interest on the notes at any time or from time to time at the Company's election. Interest can be deferred for a period not longer than five years. If the Company elects to defer interest, it may not, with
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certain exceptions, declare or pay any dividends or distributions on its capital stock or purchase or acquire any of its capital stock. As of December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023, all interest payments on trust preferred securities were current.
Distributions on the trust preferred securities are payable quarterly. The Company has entered into agreements to guarantee the payments of distributions on the trust preferred securities and payments of redemption of the trust preferred securities. Under these agreements, the Company also agrees, on a subordinated basis, to pay expenses and liabilities of the Trusts other than those arising under the trust preferred securities. The obligations of the Company under the junior subordinated notes, the trust agreement establishing the Trusts, the guarantees and agreements as to expenses and liabilities, in aggregate, constitute a full and conditional guarantee by the Company of the Trusts' obligations under the trust preferred securities.
In 2022, the Company acquired $12.3 million in senior notes through a bank acquisition, which bore interest at a fixed rate of 5.50 %. On October 30, 2025, this debt was fully redeemed, and the remaining $0.2 million unamortized premium was recorded as an adjustment to Interest Expense.
In 2023, the Company acquired $25.0 million in subordinated debt through a bank acquisition. Contractual interest is paid on a semiannual basis at a fixed interest rate of 3.375 % until January 30, 2027, at which point the rate converts to a 3-month SOFR rate plus 203 basis points paid quarterly. At and after January 30, 2027, the notes are redeemable at par. The debt was recorded at fair value, resulting in a $3.9 million discount that is being accreted into interest expense over the remaining term to maturity.
In 2025, the Company assumed a financing obligation through the acquisition of VBI, which is recognized within Long-term debt, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Refer to Note 11 - Lease Commitments for additional details.
Note 10 - Employee Benefits and Stock Compensation
The Company has established a defined contribution plan for eligible employees. The plan allows a participant to defer a portion of their compensation and provides that the Company will match a portion of the deferred compensation. The plan also provides for non-elective and discretionary contributions. All employees who satisfy service eligibility requirements may participate in the plan. The plan matches 50 % of each employee’s elective deferral amount, up to a 4 % max. The Company's contributions to this plan charged to expense were $5.4 million in 2025, $5.2 million in 2024, and $4.8 million in 2023.
The Company, through its Compensation and Governance Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”), offers equity compensation to employees and non-employee directors of Seacoast and Seacoast Bank in the form of various share-based awards, including stock options, RSAs, or RSUs. The awards may vest over time, have certain performance based criteria, or both.
Stock options are granted with an exercise price at least equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant. The fair value of options granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Compensation cost is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. Vesting is determined by the Compensation Committee at the time of grant, generally over five years . The options have a maximum term of ten years .
The fair value of RSAs and RSUs are estimated based on the price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Compensation cost is measured straight-line for RSAs and ratably for RSUs over the vesting period of the awards and reversed for awards that are forfeited due to unfulfilled service or performance criteria. To the extent the Company has treasury shares available, stock options exercised or stock grants awarded may be issued from treasury shares. If treasury shares are insufficient, the Company can issue new shares.
Vesting of share-based awards is immediately accelerated on death or disability of the recipient. The Compensation Committee may, at its discretion, accelerate vesting upon retirement or upon the event of a change-in-control.
Awards are currently granted under the Seacoast 2021 Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”), with 3,750,000 authorized shares for issuance, plus shares of underlying awards outstanding under the 2013 Incentive Plan (the “Prior Plan”) that thereafter terminate or expire unexercised or are cancelled, forfeited or lapse for any reason under the Prior Plan.
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The impact of share-based compensation on the Company’s financial results is presented below:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation expense1 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | $ | ( | $ | ( | $ | ( | ||||||||||||||
1 Excludes $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
The total unrecognized compensation cost and the weighted-average period over which unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized related to non-vested share-based compensation arrangements at December 31, 2025 is presented below:
| (In thousands) | Unrecognized Compensation Cost | Weighted-Average Period Remaining (Years) | ||||||||||||
| RSAs | $ | |||||||||||||
| RSUs | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||||||||
Restricted Stock Awards
RSAs are granted to various employees and vest over time, generally three years . Compensation cost of RSAs is based on the market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant and is recognized over the required service period on a straight-line basis. The Company’s accounting policy is to recognize forfeitures as they occur.
A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested RSAs as of December 31, 2025, and changes during the year then ended, is presented below:
| Restricted Award Shares | Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Non-vested at January 1, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||
| Forfeited/Canceled | ( | |||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | |||||||||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
Information regarding RSAs during each of the following years is presented below:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Fair value of awards vested1 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
1Based on grant date fair value, in thousands. | ||||||||||||||||||||
112
Restricted Stock Units
RSUs allow the grantee to earn 0 % - 225 % of the target award based on the Company's achievement of performance goals relating to average annual EPS growth and average annual return on average tangible equity relative to a group of peer companies, each measured over a three year period beginning with the year of grant.
A summary of the status of the Company’s non-vested RSUs as of December 31, 2025, and changes during the year then ended, is presented below:
| Restricted Award Units | Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value | |||||||||||||
| Non-vested at January 1, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||
| Forfeited/Canceled | ( | |||||||||||||
| Vested | ( | |||||||||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Fair value of awards vested1 | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
1Based on grant date fair value, in thousands. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stock Options
The fair value of options and warrants granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes options-pricing model. In 2025 and 2023, the Company granted a total of 970 and 501,561 options to purchase shares of Seacoast stock. There were no stock options granted in 2024.
| For the Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| Risk-free interest rates | % | N/A | % | ||||||||||||||
| Expected dividend yield | % | N/A | % | ||||||||||||||
| Expected volatility | % | N/A | % | ||||||||||||||
| Expected lives (years) | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
A summary of the Company’s stock options as of December 31, 2025, and changes during the year then ended, is presented below:
| Options | Weighted-Average Exercise Price | |||||||||||||
| Outstanding at January 1, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
| Granted | ||||||||||||||
| Exercised | ( | |||||||||||||
| Expired | ( | |||||||||||||
Outstanding and Exercisable at December 31, 2025 | $ | |||||||||||||
| Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) | ||||||||||||||
Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000s) | $ | |||||||||||||
113
The following table presents information related to stock options during each of the following years:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average grant date fair value | $ | N/A | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Intrinsic value of stock options exercised (000s) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan
The Company sponsors a SERP, which is a non-qualified deferred compensation arrangement that provides the Company's CEO with supplemental retirement benefits. The present value of the accumulated benefit, which is recorded as an accrued liability, was $0.7 million and $0.5 million as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The ESPP authorizes the Company to issue up to 800,000 common shares of the Company’s common stock to eligible employees of the Company. These shares may be purchased by employees at a price equal to 95 % of the fair market value of the shares on the purchase date. Employee contributions to the ESPP are made through payroll deductions.
| 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||
| ESPP shares purchased | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average employee purchase price | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Note 11 - Lease Commitments
The Company is the lessee in various noncancellable operating leases for land, buildings, and equipment. Certain leases contain provisions for variable lease payments that are linked to the consumer price index. Lease cost consists of:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Operating lease cost | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Variable lease cost | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Short-term lease cost | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Sublease income | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Total lease cost | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
The following table provides supplemental information related to leases:
| As of and For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except for weighted-average data) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||||||||
| Cash paid during the year for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| ROUAs recorded during the year in exchange for new or renewed operating lease obligations | ||||||||||||||
| ROUAs obtained during the year through bank acquisition | ||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases | ||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases | % | % | ||||||||||||
114
The Company’s lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company’s discretion. If, at lease inception, the Company considers the exercising of a renewal option to be reasonably certain, the Company includes the extended term in the calculation of the lease liability. Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2025 are as follows:
| (In thousands) | Payments Due | |||||||
| 2026 | $ | |||||||
| 2027 | ||||||||
| 2028 | ||||||||
| 2029 | ||||||||
| 2030 | ||||||||
| Thereafter | ||||||||
| Total undiscounted cash flows | ||||||||
| Less: Net present value adjustment | ( | |||||||
| Total | $ | |||||||
Sale-Leaseback Transaction Accounted for as Financing Obligation
Through the acquisition of VBI, the Company assumed a financing obligation related to branch properties that did not qualify for sale accounting under ASC Topic 842-40, Sale and Leaseback, and recognized the obligation in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. At the date of acquisition, the $17.8 million financing obligation was recorded at fair value, which was $8.3 million higher than the contractual lease amount. The premium is amortized over the 20‑year term, with the resulting accretion recognized within Interest Expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. At December 31, 2025, the remaining balance, $17.6 million, was reflected within Long-term debt, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
115
Note 12 - Income Taxes
All of the Company’s Income before income taxes as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 is attributable to domestic operations. The provision for income taxes is as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Current | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| State | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deferred | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal | ||||||||||||||||||||
| State | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||
The difference between the total expected tax expense (computed by applying the U.S. Federal tax rate of 21% to pretax income) and the reported income tax provision relating to income before income taxes is as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | Amount | Rate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Federal statutory tax | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) resulting from the effects of: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax Credits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
LIHTCs1 | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nontaxable or nondeductible items | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax exempt interest on loans and securities2 | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from BOLI | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Federal tax provision | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
State tax provision, net of federal income tax effect3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Provision for income tax expense | $ | % | $ | % | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Tax credit, net of amortization and other tax benefits. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2Tax exempt interest net of interest expense disallowance. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3State taxes from Florida made up the majority (greater than 50%) of the tax effect in this category. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
116
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The following is a summary of the significant components of the Company's DTAs and liabilities as of:
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| ACL | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| OREO | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued stock compensation | ||||||||||||||
| Federal tax loss carryforward | ||||||||||||||
| State tax loss carryforward | ||||||||||||||
| Lease liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Net unrealized securities losses | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred compensation | ||||||||||||||
| Accrued interest and fee income | ||||||||||||||
| Other | ||||||||||||||
| Gross DTAs | ||||||||||||||
| Less: Valuation allowance | ||||||||||||||
| DTAs net of valuation allowance | ||||||||||||||
| CDI | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Net unrealized derivatives (gains) losses | ( | |||||||||||||
| Premises and equipment | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| ROUAs | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Other | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Gross deferred tax liabilities | ( | ( | ||||||||||||
| Net DTAs | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Included in the table above is the effect of temporary differences associated with the Company's investments in debt securities accounted for under ASC Topic 320, Investments - Debt Securities, for which no deferred tax expense or benefit was recognized. These items are recorded as AOCI in the shareholders' equity section of the consolidated balance sheet. In 2025, net unrealized losses on debt securities of $100.9 million resulted in a DTA of $23.8 million. In 2024, unrealized losses of $207.3 million resulted in a DTA of $49.4 million.
Management assesses the necessity of a valuation allowance recorded against DTAs at each reporting period. The determination of whether a valuation allowance for net DTAs is appropriate is subject to considerable judgment and requires an evaluation of positive and negative evidence. Based on an assessment of relevant evidence, including favorable trending in asset quality and certainty regarding the amount of future taxable income that the Company forecasts, management concluded that it was more likely than not that its net DTAs will be realized based upon future taxable income. Management's determination in the realization of projected future taxable income is based upon analysis of the Company's risk profile and its trending financial performance, including credit quality. The Company believes it can reasonably predict future results of operations that result in taxable income at sufficient levels over the future period of time that the Company has available to realize its net DTA.
Management expects to realize the $66.6 million in net DTAs well in advance of the statutory carryforward period. At December 31, 2025, approximately $2.1 million of DTAs related to federal net operating losses which will expire in annual installments beginning in 2029 through 2032. Additionally, $1.0 million of the DTAs related to state net operating losses which will expire in annual installments beginning in 2029 through 2034. Remaining DTAs are not related to net operating losses or credits and therefore, have no expiration date.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties, as appropriate, as part of the provisioning for income taxes. No interest or penalties were accrued at December 31, 2025.
117
The Company has no unrecognized income tax benefits or provisions due to uncertain income tax positions. No federal or state income tax return examinations are currently in process. The following are the major tax jurisdictions in which the Company operates and the earliest tax year, exclusive of the impact of the net operating loss carryforwards, subject to examination:
| Jurisdiction | Tax Year | ||||
| United States of America | 2022 | ||||
| Florida | 2022 | ||||
Note 13 - Regulatory Capital
Required Regulatory Capital
The Company is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the Federal banking agencies. Failure to meet the minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possible additional discretionary actions by the regulators, which could have a direct material impact on the financial statements. These requirements involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items calculated pursuant to regulatory guidance. The Company's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of total, Tier 1 capital and CET1 capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to average assets, all as defined in the regulations.
118
At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company and Seacoast Bank, its wholly-owned banking subsidiary, were both considered “well-capitalized” based on the applicable U.S. regulatory capital ratio requirements as reflected in the table below:
| Minimum to meet “Well Capitalized” Requirements | Minimum for Capital Adequacy Purpose1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | Amount | Ratio | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (Consolidated) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2025: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio | $ | % | N/A | N/A | $ | ≥ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | N/A | N/A | ≥ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 Capital Ratio | N/A | N/A | ≥ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | N/A | N/A | ≥ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2024: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio | $ | % | N/A | N/A | $ | ≥ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | N/A | N/A | ≥ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 Capital Ratio | N/A | N/A | ≥ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | N/A | N/A | ≥ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seacoast National Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (A Wholly Owned Bank Subsidiary) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2025: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio | $ | % | $ | ≥ | % | $ | ≥ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 Capital Ratio | ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2024: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio | $ | % | $ | ≥ | % | $ | ≥ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tier 1 Capital Ratio | ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CET1 Capital Ratio | ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leverage Ratio | ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Excludes the Basel III capital conservation buffer of | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| N/A - not applicable. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
119
Note 14 - Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida (Parent Company Only) Financial Information
Balance Sheets
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Assets | ||||||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Securities purchased under agreement to resell with subsidiary bank, maturing within 30 days | ||||||||||||||
| Investment in subsidiaries | ||||||||||||||
| Other assets | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||||||||
| Liabilities, Convertible Preferred Stock and Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | ||||||||||||||
| Convertible preferred stock | ||||||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity | ||||||||||||||
| $ | $ | |||||||||||||
Statements of Income
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest/other | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Dividends from subsidiary Bank | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total income | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
120
Statements of Cash Flows
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net increase in other assets | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Net (decrease) increase in other liabilities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash from bank acquisitions | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net advances with subsidiary | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by investment activities | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based employment benefit plans | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase of common stock | ( | ( | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | ( | ( | ( | |||||||||||||||||
| Net change in cash | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash at beginning of year | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash at end of year | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash paid during the period for interest | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
Note 15 - Contingent Liabilities and Commitments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk
The Company and its subsidiaries, because of the nature of their business, are at all times subject to numerous legal actions, threatened or filed. Management presently believes that none of the legal proceedings to which it is a party are likely to have a materially adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition, operating results or cash flows.
The Company's subsidiary bank is party to financial instruments with off balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, and limited partner equity commitments.
The subsidiary bank’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contract or notional amount of those instruments. The subsidiary bank uses the same credit policies in making commitments and standby letters of credit as they do for on balance sheet instruments.
121
Unfunded commitments for the Company as of:
| December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Contract or Notional Amount | ||||||||||||||
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk: | ||||||||||||||
| Commitments to extend credit | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees written: | ||||||||||||||
| Secured | ||||||||||||||
| Unsecured | ||||||||||||||
Unfunded limited partner equity commitment1 | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
1 Commitments under the SBIC Act to be used to provide capital to small businesses and entities that provide LIHTCs. | ||||||||||||||
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Commitments include home equity lines, commercial and consumer lines of credit and construction loans. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The subsidiary bank evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the bank upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies but may include accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, and commercial and residential real estate.
Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the subsidiary bank to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. These instruments have fixed termination dates and most end without being drawn; therefore, they do not represent a significant liquidity risk. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing, and similar transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The subsidiary bank holds collateral supporting these commitments for which collateral is deemed necessary. Collateral held for secured standby letters of credit at December 31, 2025 totaled $60.1 million.
122
Note 16 - Fair Value
Under ASC Topic 820, fair value measurements for items measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 included:
| Fair Value | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets | Significant Other Observable Inputs | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Measurements | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities AFS1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
OREO3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MSR5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments2 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities AFS1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
OREO3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Equity securities4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments2 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
1See “Note 3 - Securities” for further detail of fair value of individual investment categories. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2Recurring fair value basis determined using observable market data for level 2 inputs. Level 3 inputs utilize a market approach that incorporates a pull-through rate assumption. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3Fair value is measured on a nonrecurring basis. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4Investment in shares of mutual funds that invest primarily in CRA-qualified debt securities, reported at fair value in Other Assets. Recurring fair value basis is determined using market quotations with fair value adjustments are recognized in earnings. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5Recurring fair value basis determined using unobservable market data. See Note 8 - Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets for additional information on assumptions utilized. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt securities available-for-sale: Level 1 securities consist of U.S. Treasury securities. Other securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The estimated fair value of a security is determined based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses, using observable market data where available.
Derivative financial instruments: The fair value of these derivatives is based on a discounted cash flow approach. Due to the observable nature of the inputs used in deriving the fair value of these derivative contracts, the valuation of interest rate swaps and forward TBA mortgage-backed securities is classified as Level 2. The fair values of these instruments are based upon the estimated amount the Company would receive or pay to terminate the instruments, taking into account current interest rates and, when appropriate, the current credit worthiness of the counterparties. IRLCs and forward loan sale commitment fair values are estimated based on quoted prices for similar loans in active markets. However, the value is adjusted by a factor which considers the likelihood of a loan in a lock position will ultimately close. This closing ratio is derived from internal data and is adjusted using significant accounting judgment. As such, these derivatives are classified as Level 3 measurements and the Company values these derivatives primarily utilize a market approach that incorporates flow mandatory market pricing, adjusted for expected pull‑through based on historical experience. For IRLCs, the weighted-average pull-through rate was 94 % and the
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weighted-average current reference price was 101.26 %. For forward loan sale commitments, the weighted-average pull-through rate was 100 % and the weighted-average current reference price was 101.12 %.
Loans held for sale: Fair values are based upon estimated values to be received from independent third party purchasers. These loans are intended for sale, and the Company believes the fair value is the best indicator of the resolution of these loans. Fair market value changes occur due to changes in interest rates, the borrower’s credit, the secondary loan market and the market for a borrower’s debt. Interest income is recorded based on contractual terms of the loan in accordance with Company's policy on loans held for investment.
Loans and OREO: Fair values of collateral-dependent real estate loans and OREO are based on recent real estate appraisals less estimated costs of sale. Evaluations may use either a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches, such as comparative sales, cost and/or income approach. Adjustments to comparable sales may be made by an appraiser to reflect local market conditions or other economic factors and may result in changes in the fair value of an asset over time, but none were made by management. As such, the fair values of these loans and properties are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. There were no collateral-dependent loans measured at fair value and therefore no related specific reserves of at December 31, 2025, compared to $3.0 million with a specific reserve of $1.2 million at December 31, 2024.
Mortgage servicing rights: The fair value of these derivatives is based on an income approach. Various unobservable assumptions including expected cash flows, market discount rates, prepayment rates, servicing rights, and other factors are utilized, therefore the valuation of MSRs are classified as Level 3. See "Note 8 - Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets" for further detail.
For recurring fair value measurements, transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are recognized on the actual date of the event or circumstances that caused the transfer, which generally coincides with the Company's monthly and/or quarterly valuation process. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were no such transfers.
The carrying amount and fair value of the Company's other financial instruments that were not disclosed previously in the balance sheet and for which carrying amount is not fair value as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 is as follows:
| Carrying | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets | Significant Other Observable Inputs | Significant Other Unobservable Inputs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Amount | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HTM debt securities1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits with other banks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| FHLB borrowings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| At December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
HTM debt securities1 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Time deposits with other banks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
FHLB borrowings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1See “Note 3 - Securities” for further detail of recurring fair value basis of individual investment categories. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The short maturity of Seacoast’s assets and liabilities results in a significant number of financial instruments whose fair value equals or closely approximates carrying value. Such financial instruments are reported in the following balance sheet captions: cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits with other banks, and securities sold under agreements to repurchase.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument for which it is practicable to estimate that value at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:
HTM debt securities: These debt securities are reported at fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs. The estimated fair value of a security is determined based on market quotations when available or, if not available, by using quoted market prices for similar securities, pricing models or discounted cash flow analyses, using observable market data where available.
The Company reviews the prices supplied by independent pricing services, as well as their underlying pricing methodologies, for reasonableness and to ensure such prices are aligned with traditional pricing matrices. From time to time, the Company will validate, on a sample basis, prices supplied by the independent pricing service by comparison to prices obtained from other brokers and third-party sources or derived using internal models.
Loans: Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type, such as commercial or mortgage. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and adjustable-rate interest terms as well as performing and nonperforming categories. The fair value of loans is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated life including prepayment considerations, using estimated market discount rates that reflect the risks inherent in the loan. The fair value approach considers market-driven variables including credit related factors and reflects an “exit price” as defined in ASC Topic 820.
Investments at NAV: The Company has equity investments in SBICs accounted for under the fair value practical expedient of NAV totaling $26.4 million at December 31, 2025 and $21.1 million at December 31, 2024, which are not included in the fair value hierarchy. These investments are made primarily through various SBIC funds as a strategy to provide expansion and growth opportunities to small businesses and are subject to various risks, including market, liquidity, and credit risk. SBICs are generally structured to operate for approximately 10 years, and the Company’s investments are not redeemable. Distributions are received through the liquidation of the underlying assets, which is expected to occur over the next 5 -10 years. Unfunded commitments related to these investments were $8.7 million at December 31, 2025 and $7.1 million at December 31, 2024.
Deposit liabilities: The fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts, and money market deposits is the amount payable at the reporting date. The fair value of fixed maturity certificates of deposit is estimated using the rates currently offered for funding of similar remaining maturities.
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Note 17 - Business Combinations
Acquisition of Villages Bancorporation, Inc.
On October 1, 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of VBI, adding 19 branches in North Central Florida including The Villages® community. Integration activities, including system conversion, are expected to be finalized in the third quarter of 2026. The Company acquired 100 % of the outstanding common stock of VBI. Pursuant to the merger agreement, each share of VBI common stock was converted into the right to receive, at the shareholders' election, (i) $1,000.00 in cash, (ii) 38.5000 shares of Seacoast common stock or (iii) a 25 % - 75 % combination of cash and common stock, with the final election subject to a proration mechanism such that 25 % of VBI shares received the cash consideration and 75 % of VBI shares received the stock consideration. In the event any shareholder or shareholder group would have received more than 9.75 % of cumulative outstanding Seacoast common stock, non-voting convertible preferred stock was issued in lieu of the excess amount of common shares. The final consideration totaled $829.1 million.
| (In thousands, except per share data) | October 1, 2025 | ||||
| Number of VBI shares receiving stock | |||||
| Per share exchange ratio for VBI shares receiving stock | |||||
| Number of shares of SBCF common stock issued | |||||
Number of shares of SBCF preferred stock issued1 | |||||
| Multiplied by SBCF price per share at October 1, 2025 | $ | ||||
| Total Value of SBCF common and preferred stock issued | $ | ||||
| Number of VBI shares receiving cash | |||||
| Per share exchange ratio for VBI shares receiving cash | $ | ||||
| Cash consideration paid to VBI shareholders, including cash paid for fractional shares | $ | ||||
| Total purchase price | $ | ||||
1Preferred stock is 1/1,000th share for every share of common stock. | |||||
The acquisition of VBI will be accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. The Company recognized goodwill of $280.1 million for this acquisition that is nondeductible for tax purposes. Determining fair values of assets and liabilities, especially the loan portfolio, CDI, and deferred taxes, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values. The fair values initially assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed are preliminary and could change for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as new information and circumstances relative to closing date fair values becomes known.
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The table below presents the allocation of the purchase consideration.
| (In thousands) | October 1, 2025 | |||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | |||||||
| Investment securities | ||||||||
| Loans | ||||||||
| Bank premises and equipment | ||||||||
| CDI | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Other Assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | |||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Deposits | $ | |||||||
| Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | ||||||||
| Other Liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | |||||||
The table below presents information with respect to the fair value and unpaid principal balance of acquired loans at the acquisition date.
| October 1, 2025 | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Book Balance | Fair Value | ||||||||||||
| Loans: | ||||||||||||||
Construction and land development | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||
CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||
| Total acquired loans | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The table below presents the carrying amount of loans for which, at the date of acquisition, there was evidence of more than insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination:
| (In thousands) | October 1, 2025 | |||||||
| Book balance of loans at acquisition | $ | |||||||
| ACL at acquisition | ( | |||||||
| Non-credit related discount | ( | |||||||
| Total PCD loans acquired | $ | |||||||
The acquisition of VBI resulted in the addition of $25.7 million in ACL, including the $3.0 million identified in the table above for PCD loans, and $22.7 million for non-PCD loans recorded through the provision for credit losses at the date of acquisition.
The Company believes the deposits assumed in the acquisition have an intangible value. In determining the valuation amount, deposits were analyzed based on factors such as type of deposit, deposit retention, interest rates, and age of deposit relationships. The CDI asset acquired from VBI is being amortized over 10 years using an accelerated method of amortization.
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The Company assumed a financing obligation recognized within Long-term debt, net, refer to Note 11 - Lease Commitments for additional details. The fair value measurement was performed on a nonrecurring basis as of the acquisition date and is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The purchase accounting fair value adjustment of the financing obligation was based on a discounted cash flow methodology with a discount rate of 6.20 %, utilizing factors such as treasury spread, credit assumptions, market liquidity, and other factors that a market participant would incorporate.
Acquisition of Heartland Bancshares, Inc.
On July 11, 2025, the Company completed its acquisition of Heartland, adding four branches in Central Florida. Integration activities, including system conversion, were also finalized in the third quarter of 2025. The Company acquired 100 % of the outstanding common and preferred stock of Heartland. Under the terms of the definitive agreement, Heartland shareholders received a combination of cash and common stock, with the final consideration totaling $111.2 million.
| (In thousands, except per share data) | July 11, 2025 | ||||
| Number of Heartland shares receiving stock | |||||
| Per share exchange ratio for Heartland shares receiving stock | |||||
| Number of shares of SBCF common stock issued | |||||
| Multiplied by SBCF price per share at July 11, 2025 | $ | ||||
| Value of SBCF common stock issued | $ | ||||
| Number of Heartland shares receiving cash | |||||
| Per share cash consideration for Heartland shares receiving cash | $ | ||||
| Cash consideration paid to Heartland shareholders, including cash paid for fractional shares | $ | ||||
| Cash paid to Heartland option holders | |||||
| Total purchase price | $ | ||||
The acquisition of Heartland was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. The Company recognized goodwill of $22.2 million for this acquisition that is nondeductible for tax purposes. Determining fair values of assets and liabilities, especially the loan portfolio, CDI, and deferred taxes, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values. The fair values initially assigned to assets acquired and liabilities assumed are preliminary and could change for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as new information and circumstances relative to closing date fair values becomes known.
The table below presents the allocation of the purchase consideration.
| (In thousands) | July 11, 2025 | |||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | |||||||
| Investment securities | ||||||||
| Loans | ||||||||
| Bank premises and equipment | ||||||||
| CDI | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Other Assets | ||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | |||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Deposits | $ | |||||||
| Other Liabilities | ||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | |||||||
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The table below presents information with respect to the fair value and unpaid principal balance of acquired loans at the acquisition date.
| July 11, 2025 | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Book Balance | Fair Value | ||||||||||||
| Loans: | ||||||||||||||
Construction and land development | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||
CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||
| Total acquired loans | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The book value and fair value amount of loans for which, at the date of acquisition, there was evidence of more than insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination was $7.2 million and $6.4 million, respectively.
The acquisition of Heartland resulted in the addition of $2.0 million in ACL, including $0.1 million for PCD loans, and $1.9 million for non-PCD loans recorded through the provision for credit losses at the date of acquisition.
The Company believes the deposits assumed in the acquisition have an intangible value. In determining the valuation amount, deposits were analyzed based on factors such as type of deposit, deposit retention, interest rates, and age of deposit relationships. The CDI asset acquired from Heartland is being amortized over 10 years using an accelerated method of amortization.
Acquisition of Professional Holding Corp.
On January 31, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of Professional. Simultaneously, upon completion of the merger of Professional and the Company, Professional Bank was merged with and into Seacoast Bank. Prior to the acquisition, Professional Bank operated nine branches across South Florida. The transaction further expanded the Company’s presence in the tri-county South Florida market, which includes Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach counties, Florida’s largest MSA and the 8th largest in the nation. The Company acquired 100 % of the outstanding common stock of Professional. Under the terms of the merger agreement, Professional shareholders received 0.8909 shares of Seacoast common stock for each share of Professional common stock held immediately prior to the merger, and Professional option holders received options to purchase Seacoast common stock, with the number of shares underlying each such option and the applicable exercise price adjusted using the same 0.8909 exchange ratio.
| (In thousands, except per share data) | January 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Number of Professional common shares outstanding | ||||||||
| Per share exchange ratio | ||||||||
| Number of shares of SBCF common stock issued | ||||||||
Multiplied by common stock price per share at January 31, 2023 | $ | |||||||
| Value of SBCF common stock issued | $ | |||||||
| Cash paid for fractional shares | ||||||||
| Fair value of Professional options converted | ||||||||
| Total purchase price | $ | |||||||
The acquisition of Professional was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. The Company recognized goodwill of $251.7 million for this acquisition that is nondeductible for tax purposes. Determining fair values of assets and liabilities, especially the loan portfolio, CDI, and deferred taxes, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding methods and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair values.
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As part of the acquisition of Professional, options to purchase shares of Seacoast common stock were granted to replace outstanding Professional options. These options were fully vested upon acquisition. The full value of the replacement options, $10.3 million, was associated with pre-combination service and was therefore included in the calculation of the total purchase consideration.
| Initially Measured | Measurement | As Adjusted | ||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | January 31, 2023 | Period Adjustments | January 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | — | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Investment securities | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Loans | ( | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bank premises and equipment | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| CDI | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||||||||||||||
| BOLI | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Deposits | $ | $ | — | $ | ||||||||||||||||
| Subordinated debt | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Liabilities | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||
The table below presents information with respect to the fair value and unpaid principal balance of acquired loans at the acquisition date.
| January 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Book Balance | Fair Value | ||||||||||||
| Loans: | ||||||||||||||
| Construction and land development | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| CRE - owner occupied | ||||||||||||||
| CRE - non-owner occupied | ||||||||||||||
| Residential real estate | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial and financial | ||||||||||||||
| Consumer | ||||||||||||||
| PPP Loans | ||||||||||||||
| Total acquired loans | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
The table below presents the carrying amount of loans for which, at the date of acquisition, there was evidence of more than insignificant deterioration of credit quality since origination:
| (In thousands) | January 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Book balance of loans at acquisition | $ | |||||||
| ACL at acquisition | ( | |||||||
| Non-credit related discount | ( | |||||||
| Total PCD loans acquired | $ | |||||||
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The acquisition of Professional resulted in the addition of $45.5 million in ACL, including the $18.9 million identified in the table above for PCD loans, and $26.6 million for non-PCD loans recorded through the provision for credit losses at the date of acquisition. Included within the $18.9 million initial PCD allowance is $5.5 million recorded as a measurement period adjustment during the three months ended June 30, 2023, reflecting information obtained by the Company relating to events or circumstances existing at the acquisition date.
The Company believes the deposits assumed in the acquisition have an intangible value. In determining the valuation amount, deposits were analyzed based on factors such as type of deposit, deposit retention, interest rates and age of deposit relationships. The CDI asset acquired from Professional is being amortized over eight years using an accelerated method of amortization.
Proforma Information
Pro-forma data as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 present information as if the acquisition of VBI occurred at the beginning of 2024. The pro-forma information is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred if the transactions had been effected on the assumed dates.
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| Net interest income | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Net income available to common shareholders | ||||||||||||||
| EPS - diluted | ||||||||||||||
| EPS - basic | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Acquisition and Integration Costs
Acquisition costs included within Merger and integration costs in the Company's income statement for the years ended December 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023 were $32.4 million, zero , and $33.2 million, respectively.
Note 18 - Business Segment
The Company's one reportable segment provides integrated financial services including commercial and consumer banking, wealth management, and mortgage and insurance services to customers. Segment revenues are driven primarily by interest and fees on loans, interest on cash and cash equivalents and on investment securities, and fees on depository products and services.
The Company manages business activities, allocates resources and evaluates financial performance on an organization-wide basis. The CODM is the CEO. The financial results of the segment are presented using the same policies described in "Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies."
The CODM evaluates the performance of the segment and allocates resources based on net income that is also reported on the Consolidated Statements of Income as consolidated net income and segment assets that are reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as total consolidated assets. Net income is used to monitor budget versus actual results. The CODM also uses net income in competitive analysis by benchmarking to the Company's competitors. The competitive analysis along with the monitoring of budgeted versus actual results are used in assessing performance of the segment and in establishing management's compensation. The significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM are interest expense, provision for credit losses, salaries and wages, employee benefits, outsourced data processing costs, and occupancy, which are all reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Certain noncash expenses, such as depreciation and amortization expense, are disclosed in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
Note 19 - Subsequent Events
With the VBI acquisition resulting in higher capital and lower dilution than originally modeled, along with constructive market conditions, in January 2026, the Company repositioned a portion of its AFS securities portfolio. Securities with an average book yield of 1.9 % were sold, resulting in a pre-tax loss of approximately $39.5 million impacting first quarter 2026 results. The proceeds of approximately $277 million were reinvested in primarily agency mortgage-backed securities with an average taxable equivalent book yield of 4.8 %.
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| Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | ||||
None.
| Item 9A. | Controls and Procedures | ||||
(a)Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company's CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in SEC Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.
In connection with the preparation of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was performed, with the participation of the CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures, as required by Rule 13a-15 of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.
(b)Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company. Our internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to management and the Board of Directors regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes.
Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025. This assessment was based on the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control—Integrated Framework 2013. Based on this assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2025, the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective.
On October 1, 2025, the Company acquired VBI, and as of December 31, 2025, full integration of VBI’s systems and processes into those of the Company was not complete. Management's assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, excludes the internal controls of VBI. This exclusion is in accordance with the SEC Staff's general guidance that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from the scope of management’s assessment for one year following the acquisition. VBI represents approximately 21% of the Company’s total consolidated assets at December 31, 2025 using allocation of the purchase consideration, and approximately 1% of total consolidated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025. The percentage of consolidated revenue attributable to VBI was calculated based on revenue recognized subsequent to the acquisition date and included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2025.
The Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Crowe LLP, has issued an audit report on our internal control over financial reporting which is included herein.
(c)Change in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
During the three months ended December 31, 2025, there were no changes in the internal control over financial reporting that occurred or that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting.
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| Item 9B. | Other Information | ||||
Trading arrangements
On November 21, 2025 , Dennis S. Hudson, III , a member of the Company’s Board of Directors , adopted a written plan for the sale of our common stock that is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act (the “Trading Plan”). The Trading Plan covers the sale of up to 80,000 shares of the Company’s common stock in several transactions over a period commencing after the later of (1) 91 days from the adoption of the Trading Plan or (2) the earlier of (a) the third business day following the public disclosure of the Company’s financial results on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, or (b) 121 days after the plan adoption date, and will cease upon the earlier of December 10, 2026 or the sale of all shares subject to the Trading Plan.
There were no other Rule 10b5-1 plans or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements adopted , modified or terminated
| Item 9C. | Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent Inspections | ||||
Not applicable.
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Part III
| Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | ||||
Information concerning our directors and executive officers is set forth under the headings “Proposal 1: Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” and “Certain Transactions and Business Relationships” in the 2026 Proxy Statement, incorporated herein by reference.
Insider Trading Policy
The Company has adopted insider trading policies and procedures governing the purchase, sale, and/or other dispositions of the Company's securities by directors, officers and employees, or the Company itself, that are reasonably designed to promote compliance with insider trading laws, rules and regulations, and any listing standards applicable to the Company. A copy of the Company's Trading Policy has been filed as Exhibit 19 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
| Item 11. | Executive Compensation | ||||
Information regarding the compensation paid by us to our directors and executive officers is set forth under the headings “Executive Compensation”, “Compensation Discussion & Analysis”, “Compensation and Governance Committee Report” and “2025 Director Compensation Table” in the 2026 Proxy Statement which are incorporated herein by reference.
| Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | ||||
The following table sets forth information about the Company's common stock that may be issued under all of its existing compensation plans as of December 31, 2025.
Equity Compensation Plan Information
| Plan Category | (a) Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights1 | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities represented in column (a)) | |||||||||||||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders | 549,326 | $ | 23.58 | 591,760 | ||||||||||||||||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Totals | 549,326 | $ | 23.58 | 591,760 | ||||||||||||||||
1Includes 202,543 shares available to be issued upon exercise of the remaining unexercised substitute options granted in connection with bank acquisitions. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Additional information regarding the ownership of the Company's common stock is set forth under the headings “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors” and “Director, Executive Officers and Certain Beneficial Stock Ownership” in the 2026 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
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| Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | ||||
Information regarding certain relationships and transactions between the Company and its officers, directors and significant shareholders is set forth under the heading “Certain Transactions and Business Relationships” and “Corporate Governance” in the 2026 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
| Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | ||||
Information concerning the Company's principal accounting fees and services is set forth under the heading “Relationship with Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm; Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Fees” in the 2026 Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference.
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Part IV
| Item 15. | Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules | ||||
| (a)(1) | The Consolidated Financial Statements and the report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: | ||||
| (a)(2) | List of financial statement schedules | ||||
All schedules normally required by Form 10-K are omitted, since either they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the financial statements or the notes thereto.
| (a)(3) | Listing of exhibits | ||||
PLEASE NOTE: It is inappropriate for readers to assume the accuracy of, or rely upon any covenants, representations or warranties that may be contained in agreements or other documents filed as Exhibits to, or incorporated by reference in, this report. Any such covenants, representations or warranties may have been qualified or superseded by disclosures contained in separate schedules or exhibits not filed with or incorporated by reference in this report, may reflect the parties’ negotiated risk allocation in the particular transaction, may be qualified by materiality standards that differ from those applicable for securities law purposes, may not be true as of the date of this report or any other date, and may be subject to waivers by any or all of the parties. Where exhibits and schedules to agreements filed or incorporated by reference as Exhibits hereto are not included in these Exhibits, such exhibits and schedules to agreements are not included or incorporated by reference herein.
The following Exhibits are attached hereto or incorporated by reference herein (unless indicated otherwise, all documents referenced below were filed pursuant to the Exchange Act by Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida, Commission File No. 0-13660):
Exhibit 2.1. Agreement and Plan of Merger dated February 27, 2025 by and among the Company, Seacoast National Bank, Heartland Bancshares, Inc. and Heartland National Bank incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed March 5, 2025.
Exhibit 2.2. Agreement and Plan of Merger dated May 29, 2025 by and among the Company, Seacoast National Bank, Villages Bancorporation, Inc. and Citizens First Bank incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed May 29, 2025.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed May 10, 2006.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed December 23, 2008.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Form S-1, filed June 22, 2009.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed July 20, 2009.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed December 3, 2009.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K/A, filed July 14, 2010.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed June 25, 2010.
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Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed June 1, 2011.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed December 13, 2013.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed May 30, 2018.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed May 23, 2023.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed May 22, 2025.
Exhibit 3.1.13 Certificate of Designations of the Series A Non-Voting Preferred Stock of Seacoast Incorporation
herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 8K, filed October 6, 2025.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed October 26, 2020.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on February 26, 2021,
including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description, including the prospectus
constituting part of the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-288902) filed on August
18, 2025, under the heading "DESCRIPTION OF SEACOAST CAPITAL STOCK".
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on March 17, 2014.
Dated as of March 31, 2005, between the Company and Wilmington Trust Company, as Trustee (including the form of the Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Note, which appears in Section 2.1 thereof), incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed April 5, 2005.
Dated as of March 31, 2005 between the Company, as Guarantor, and Wilmington Trust Company, as Guarantee Trustee, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed April 5, 2005.
Dated as of March 31, 2005, among the Company, as Depositor, Wilmington Trust Company, as Property Trustee, Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee and the Administrative Trustees named therein, as Administrative Trustees (including exhibits containing the related forms of the SBCF Capital Trust I Common Securities Certificate and the Preferred Securities Certificate), incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed April 5, 2005.
Dated as of December 16, 2005, between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (including the form of the Junior Subordinated Debt Security, which appears as Exhibit A to the Indenture), incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed December 21, 2005.
Dated as of December 16, 2005, between the Company, as Guarantor, and U.S. Bank National Association, as Guarantee Trustee, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed December 21, 2005.
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Dated as of December 16, 2005, among the Company, as Sponsor, Dennis S. Hudson, III and William R. Hahl, as Administrators, and U.S. Bank National Association, as Institutional Trustee (including exhibits containing the related forms of the SBCF Statutory Trust II Common Securities Certificate and the Capital Securities Certificate), incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed December 21, 2005.
Dated June 29, 2007, between the Company and LaSalle Bank, as Trustee (including the form of the Junior Subordinated Debt Security, which appears as Exhibit A to the Indenture), incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 3, 2007.
Dated June 29, 2007, between the Company, as Guarantor, and LaSalle Bank, as Guarantee Trustee, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 3, 2007.
Dated June 29, 2007, among the Company, as Sponsor, Dennis S. Hudson, III and William R. Hahl, as Administrators, and LaSalle Bank, as Institutional Trustee (including exhibits containing the related forms of the SBCF Statutory Trust III Common Securities Certificate and the Capital Securities Certificate), incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed July 3, 2007.
Dated as of May 29, 2025, by and among Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida, Jennifer Morse Parr, Tracy Morse Dadeo and Mark Morse, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed May 29, 2025.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on February 27, 2024.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on February 27, 2024.
Incorporated herein by reference from Appendix A to the Company’s Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A, filed April 9, 2013.
Incorporated herein by reference to Appendix C to the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statement on DEF 14A, filed with
the Commission on April 10, 2023.
Incorporated herein by reference to Appendix C to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement on DEF 14A, filed with
the Commission on April 7, 2025.
Incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed November 3, 2014.
Dated December 31, 2020 by and between the Company and Charles Shaffer, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed January 4, 2021.
Dated December 10, 2021, by and between Seacoast National Bank and Charles M. Shaffer, incorporated herein by
reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed December 15, 2021.
Dated January 20, 2021, by and between Tracey Dexter and Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida incorporated
herein by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed January 22, 2021.
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Dated December 15, 2023 by and between Julie Kleffel and SBCF, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on February 27, 2024.
Dated December 15, 2023 by and between Austen Carroll and SBCF, incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.13 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on February 27, 2024.
Dated as of October 1, 2025, by and among Seacoast National Bank, The Villages Operating Company, the Villages Development Operating Company, LLC, The Villages Land Holding Company, LLC, The Holding Company of the Villages, Inc., and The Villages Development Holding Company, LLC, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's form 8-K filed on October 6, 2025.
Exhibit 101 The following materials from Seacoast Banking Corporation of Florida’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity and (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text and including detailed tags.
Exhibit 104 The cover page from the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, formatted in Inline XBRL.
| * | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. | ||||
| ** | The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are “furnished” to the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and shall not be deemed “filed” by the Company for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. | ||||
| (b) | Exhibits | ||||
The response to this portion of Item 15 is submitted under item (a)(3) above.
| (c) | Financial Statement Schedules | ||||
None.
| Item 16. | Form 10-K Summary | ||||
Not applicable.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| SEACOAST BANKING CORPORATION OF FLORIDA | ||||||||
| (Registrant) | ||||||||
| By: | /s/ Charles M. Shaffer | |||||||
| Charles M. Shaffer | ||||||||
| Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||||||||
Date: February 27, 2026
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Date | ||||||||
| /s/ Charles M. Shaffer | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Charles M. Shaffer, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | ||||||||
| (principal executive officer) | ||||||||
| /s/ Tracey L. Dexter | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Tracey L. Dexter, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||||||
| (principal financial and accounting officer) | ||||||||
| /s/ Dennis J. Arczynski | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Dennis J. Arczynski, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Eduardo J. Arriola | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Eduardo J. Arriola, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Jacqueline L. Bradley | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Jacqueline L. Bradley, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ H. Gilbert Culbreth, Jr. | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| H. Gilbert Culbreth, Jr., Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Christopher E. Fogal | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Christopher E. Fogal, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Maryann Goebel | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Maryann Goebel, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Dennis S. Hudson, III | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Dennis S. Hudson, III, Director | ||||||||
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| Date | ||||||||
| /s/ Robert J. Lipstein | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Robert J. Lipstein, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Alvaro J. Monserrat | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Alvaro J. Monserrat, Director | ||||||||
| /s/ Joseph B. Shearouse, III | February 27, 2026 | |||||||
| Joseph B. Shearouse III, Director | ||||||||
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