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Loans
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Loans
Loans held for investment are categorized into the following segments:
•Construction and land development: Loans are extended to both commercial and consumer customers which are collateralized by and for the purpose of funding land development and construction projects, including 1-4 family residential construction, multi-family property and non-farm residential property where the primary source of repayment is from proceeds of the sale, refinancing or permanent financing of the property.
•Commercial real estate - owner-occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring real estate to be occupied by the borrower's business. These loans are collateralized by the subject property and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the performance of the company occupying the property.
•Commercial real estate - non owner-occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring commercial property where occupancy by the borrower is not their primary intent. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans, collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on rental income from the successful operation of the property.
•Residential real estate: Loans are extended to consumer customers and collateralized primarily by 1-4 family residential properties and include fixed and variable rate mortgages, home equity mortgages, and home equity lines of credit. Loans are primarily written based on conventional loan agency guidelines, including loans that exceed agency value limitations. Sources of repayment are largely dependent on the occupant of the residential property.
•Commercial and financial: Loans are extended to commercial customers. The purpose of the loans can be working capital, physical asset expansion, asset acquisition or other business purposes. Loans may be collateralized by assets owned by the borrower or the borrower's business. Commercial loans are based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the borrower's business and secondarily on the capacity of credit enhancements, guarantees and underlying collateral provided by the borrower.
•Consumer: Loans are extended to consumer customers. The segment includes both installment loans and lines of credit which may be collateralized or non-collateralized.
The following tables present net loan balances by segment as of:
 December 31, 2023
(In thousands)Portfolio LoansAcquired Non-PCD LoansPCD LoansTotal
Construction and land development$519,426 $247,654 $542 $767,622 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied1,079,633 552,627 38,021 1,670,281 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,844,588 1,323,222 152,080 3,319,890 
Residential real estate1,714,748 710,129 20,815 2,445,692 
Commercial and financial 1,237,090 318,683 52,115 1,607,888 
Consumer175,969 74,854 744 251,567 
    Totals$6,571,454 $3,227,169 $264,317 $10,062,940 
 December 31, 2022
(In thousands)Portfolio LoansAcquired Non-PCD LoansPCD LoansTotal
Construction and land development$364,900 $201,333 $21,100 $587,332 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied995,154 451,202 31,946 1,478,302 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,695,411 767,138 127,225 2,589,774 
Residential real estate1,558,643 271,378 19,482 1,849,503 
Commercial and financial 1,152,747 185,240 15,238 1,353,225 
Consumer177,338 89,458 19,791 286,587 
    Totals$5,944,193 $1,965,749 $234,782 $8,144,724 
The amortized cost basis of loans at December 31, 2023 and 2022 included net deferred costs of $43.1 million and $35.1 million, respectively. At December 31, 2023, the remaining fair value adjustments on acquired loans were $174.0 million, or 4.8% of the outstanding acquired loan balances, compared to $97.7 million, or 4.3% of the acquired loan balances at December 31, 2022. The discount is accreted into interest income over the remaining lives of the related loans on a level yield basis.
Accrued interest receivable is included within Other Assets and was $39.4 million and $28.2 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Loans to directors and executive officers totaled $0.3 million and $0.4 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. No new loans were originated to officers or directors in 2023.
The following table presents the status of net loan balances as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
December 31, 2023
(In thousands)CurrentAccruing
30-59 Days Past Due		Accruing
60-89 Days Past Due		Accruing
Greater
Than 90 Days		NonaccrualTotal
Portfolio Loans      
Construction and land development$519,383 $19 $— $— $24 $519,426 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied1,078,732 — — — 901 1,079,633 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,840,485 $685 — — 3,418 1,844,588 
Residential real estate1,701,862 4,373 1,515 169 6,829 1,714,748 
Commercial and financial1,221,941 1,372 145 50 13,582 1,237,090 
Consumer174,798 763 290 — 118 175,969 
Total Portfolio Loans$6,537,201 $7,212 $1,950 $219 $24,872 $6,571,454 
Acquired Non-PCD Loans
Construction and land development$245,674 $891 $289 $— $800 $247,654 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied545,374 1,691 133 — 5,429 552,627 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,310,100 11,577 — — 1,545 1,323,222 
Residential real estate704,417 2,586 888 153 2,085 710,129 
Commercial and financial315,229 50 36 35 3,333 318,683 
Consumer71,986 568 618 618 1,064 74,854 
Total Acquired Non-PCD Loans$3,192,780 $17,363 $1,964 $806 $14,256 $3,227,169 
PCD Loans
Construction and land development$442 $100 $— $— $— $542 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied34,667 — — — 3,354 38,021 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied148,308 — — — 3,772 152,080 
Residential real estate18,923 497 169 154 1,072 20,815 
Commercial and financial34,337 — — — 17,778 52,115 
Consumer651 85 8 — — 744 
Total PCD Loans$237,328 $682 $177 $154 $25,976 $264,317 
Total Loans$9,967,309 $25,257 $4,091 $1,179 $65,104 $10,062,940 
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)CurrentAccruing
30-59 Days Past Due		Accruing
60-89 Days Past Due		Accruing
Greater
Than 90 Days		NonaccrualTotal
Portfolio Loans      
Construction and land development$364,841 $— $— $— $59 $364,900 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied993,690 — 67 440 957 995,154 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,695,381 — — — 30 1,695,411 
Residential real estate1,550,040 1,172 147 — 7,284 1,558,643 
Commercial and financial1,143,635 1,065 476 342 7,229 1,152,747 
Consumer176,444 550 252 1 91 177,338 
Total Portfolio Loans$5,924,031 $2,787 $942 $783 $15,650 $5,944,193 
Acquired Non-PCD Loans
Construction and land development$201,263 $— $— $— $70 $201,333 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied450,109 796 297 — — 451,202 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied765,633 162 — — 1,343 767,138 
Residential real estate270,215 577 — — 586 271,378 
Commercial and financial183,953 790 87 — 410 185,240 
Consumer87,317 779 616 525 221 89,458 
Total Acquired Non-PCD Loans$1,958,490 $3,104 $1,000 $525 $2,630 $1,965,749 
PCD Loans
Construction and land development$20,680 $— $— $— $420 $21,100 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied30,517 23 23 — 1,383 31,946 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied124,115 — — — 3,110 127,225 
Residential real estate17,885 10 — — 1,587 19,482 
Commercial and financial11,201 4 — — 4,033 15,238 
Consumer17,884 1,001 336 540 30 19,791 
Total PCD Loans$222,282 $1,038 $359 $540 $10,563 $234,782 
Total Loans$8,104,803 $6,929 $2,301 $1,848 $28,843 $8,144,724 
All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest subsequently received on such loans is accounted for under the cost-recovery method, whereby interest income is not recognized until the loan balance is reduced to zero. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, and future payments are reasonably assured. The Company recognized $0.5 million, $1.6 million, and $1.2 million in interest income on nonaccrual loans during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
The following tables present net balances of loans on nonaccrual status and the related allowance for credit losses, if any, as of:
December 31, 2023
(In thousands)Nonaccrual Loans With No Related AllowanceNonaccrual Loans With an AllowanceTotal Nonaccrual Loans
Construction and land development$— $824 $824 
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied4,859 4,825 9,684 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied3,938 4,797 8,735 
Residential real estate1,792 8,194 9,986 
Commercial and financial4,868 29,825 34,693 
Consumer— 1,182 1,182 
Totals$15,457 $49,647 $65,104 
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)Nonaccrual Loans With No Related AllowanceNonaccrual Loans With an AllowanceTotal Nonaccrual Loans
Construction and land development$615 $— $615 
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied957 1,641 2,597 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied3,347 837 4,184 
Residential real estate8,072 1,036 9,109 
Commercial and financial4,724 6,891 11,615 
Consumer40 683 723 
Totals$17,755 $11,088 $28,843 
Credit Quality Evaluation
The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of identifying problem and potential problem loans. The following classifications are used to categorize loans under the internal classification system:
•Pass: Loans that are not problem loans or potential problem loans are considered to be pass-rated.
•Special Mention: Loans that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in the Substandard or Doubtful categories, but possess weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention are deemed to be Special Mention. 
•Substandard: Loans with the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
•Substandard Impaired: Loans typically placed on nonaccrual and considered to be collateral-dependent.
•Doubtful: Loans that have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weakness present makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The principal balance of loans classified as doubtful is likely to be charged off.
The following tables present the risk rating of loans and gross charge-offs by year of origination as of: 
 December 31, 2023
(In thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolvingTotal
Construction and Land Development   
Risk Ratings:
Pass$80,750 $295,043 $107,158 $20,199 $21,942 $28,902 $210,716 $764,710 
Special Mention— 1,407 — — — 393 289 2,089 
Substandard— — — — — 499 324 823 
Substandard Impaired— — — — — — — — 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$80,750 $296,450 $107,158 $20,199 $21,942 $29,794 $211,329 $767,622 
Gross Charge-Offs
$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$145,642 $272,384 $281,870 $165,475 $171,897 $551,177 $36,952 $1,625,397 
Special Mention— 159 1,335 — 524 9,122 1 11,141 
Substandard— 5,176 1,041 6,342 7,113 4,387 — 24,059 
Substandard Impaired— 848 16 649 3 8,104 64 9,684 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$145,642 $278,567 $284,262 $172,466 $179,537 $572,790 $37,017 $1,670,281 
Gross Charge-Offs
$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$234,226 $784,525 $657,499 $288,747 $397,031 $841,062 $25,954 $3,229,044 
Special Mention— 29,381 2,092 2,964 — 12,120 — 46,557 
Substandard— 685 8,723 8,332 8,578 8,985 250 35,553 
Substandard Impaired— — — 1,066 1,849 5,821 — 8,736 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$234,226 $814,591 $668,314 $301,109 $407,458 $867,988 $26,204 $3,319,890 
Gross Charge-Offs
$— $— $11 $— $— $— $109 $120 
Residential real estate
Risk Ratings:
Pass177,000 450,366 649,086 160,889 95,288 413,719 479,047 2,425,395 
Special Mention208 — — — 58 482 4,004 4,752 
Substandard— — — — — — 1,824 1,824 
Substandard Impaired95 — 919 123 314 8,960 3,310 13,721 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$177,303 $450,366 $650,005 $161,012 $95,660 $423,161 $488,185 $2,445,692 
Gross Charge-Offs
$— $— $— $44 $— $159 $153 $356 
 December 31, 2023
(In thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolvingTotal
Commercial and financial
Risk Ratings:
Pass$315,560 $336,071 $333,113 $127,069 $66,165 $89,002 $269,108 $1,536,088 
Special Mention136 2,167 1,064 1,005 503 1,103 2,191 8,169 
Substandard— 9,136 10,810 804 1,002 3,340 3,847 28,939 
Substandard Impaired— 9,422 10,833 576 4,887 8,502 114 34,334 
Doubtful— — — — — 358 — 358 
Total$315,696 $356,796 $355,820 $129,454 $72,557 $102,305 $275,260 $1,607,888 
Gross Charge-Offs
$1,198 $117 $659 $3,007 $582 $12,584 $418 $18,565 
Consumer
Risk Ratings:
Pass20,557 66,699 45,534 19,747 20,300 19,080 56,473 248,390 
Special Mention5 334 279 77 5 194 65 959 
Substandard— — — — — — — — 
Substandard Impaired66 930 891 103 51 177 — 2,218 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$20,628 $67,963 $46,704 $19,927 $20,356 $19,451 $56,538 $251,567 
Gross Charge-Offs
$74 $1,910 $2,218 $362 $263 $666 $261 $5,754 
Consolidated
Total$974,245 $2,264,733 $2,112,263 $804,167 $797,510 $2,015,489 $1,094,533 $10,062,940 
Gross Charge-Offs
$1,272 $2,027 $2,888 $3,413 $845 $13,409 $941 $24,795 

 December 31, 2022
(In thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolvingTotal
Construction and Land Development   
Risk Ratings:
Pass$223,204 $209,738 $18,239 $24,600 $12,783 $19,022 $50,960 $558,546 
Special Mention14,523 452 — 3,153 — — 15 18,143 
Substandard— 9,227 — — 959 — — 10,186 
Substandard Impaired— 52 — — — 405 — 457 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$237,727 $219,469 $18,239 $27,753 $13,742 $19,427 $50,975 $587,332 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$215,453 $251,638 $180,081 $185,286 $121,568 $467,963 $32,253 $1,454,242 
Special Mention694 — 2,363 4,403 2,548 2,869 — 12,877 
Substandard— — 667 2,625 573 4,444 — 8,309 
Substandard Impaired— — — 311 294 2,269 — 2,874 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$216,147 $251,638 $183,111 $192,625 $124,983 $477,545 $32,253 $1,478,302 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$593,364 $530,462 $231,693 $331,173 $228,077 $575,656 $35,326 $2,525,751 
Special Mention— 16,257 735 5,438 — 4,975 — 27,405 
Substandard— 192 19,315 — 5,515 7,412 — 32,434 
Substandard Impaired— — 1,044 1,849 30 1,261 — 4,184 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$593,364 $546,911 $252,787 $338,460 $233,622 $589,304 $35,326 $2,589,774 
Residential real estate
Risk Ratings:
Pass$270,054 $552,950 $121,879 $77,100 $97,900 $292,867 $423,764 $1,836,514 
Special Mention— — 50 — 25 269 884 1,228 
Substandard— — — — — 343 85 428 
Substandard Impaired— — 133 32 83 9,515 1,570 11,333 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$270,054 $552,950 $122,062 $77,132 $98,008 $302,994 $426,303 $1,849,503 
Commercial and financial
Risk Ratings:
Pass$359,833 $323,014 $142,332 $77,562 $57,924 $58,648 $292,818 $1,312,131 
Special Mention1,244 423 106 474 195 259 2,998 5,699 
Substandard— 67 942 6,304 1,603 1,683 13,114 23,713 
Substandard Impaired5 58 5,109 147 3,642 2,545 176 11,682 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$361,082 $323,562 $148,489 $84,487 $63,364 $63,135 $309,106 $1,353,225 
Consumer
Risk Ratings:
Pass$93,012 $77,889 $27,982 $28,772 $11,690 $16,480 $29,725 $285,550 
Special Mention— — — 250 2 134 30 416 
Substandard— — 11 — — 191 — 202 
Substandard Impaired— — 18 55 36 103 207 419 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$93,012 $77,889 $28,011 $29,077 $11,728 $16,908 $29,962 $286,587 
Consolidated
Total$1,771,386 $1,972,420 $752,699 $749,534 $545,447 $1,469,313 $883,925 $8,144,724 
Troubled Borrower Modifications
The following table presents the amortized cost of troubled borrower modification (TBM) loans that were modified during the year ended December 31, 2023.
December 31, 2023
(In thousands)
Term Extension and/or Payment Delay1
% of Total Class of Loans
Residential real estate818 0.03 %
Commercial and financial12,711 0.79 %
Consumer3,988 1.59 %
Totals$17,517 0.17 %
1At December 31, 2023, there were no unfunded lending related commitments associated with TBMs.

December 31, 2023
(In thousands)CurrentAccruing
30-59 Days Past Due		Accruing
60-89 Days Past Due		Accruing
Greater
Than 90 Days		NonaccrualTotal
Residential real estate596 — — — 222 818 
Commercial and financial244 — — — 12,467 12,711 
Consumer3,166 211 156 143 312 3,988 
Totals$4,006 $211 $156 $143 $13,001 $17,517 
During the year ending December 31, 2023, there were no subsequent defaults of TBMs.