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Loans
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Loans
Loans held for investment are categorized into the following segments:
•Construction and land development: Loans are extended to both commercial and consumer customers which are collateralized by and for the purpose of funding land development and construction projects, including 1-4 family residential construction, multi-family property and non-farm residential property where the primary source of repayment is from proceeds of the sale, refinancing or permanent financing of the property.
•Commercial real estate - owner occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring real estate to be occupied by the borrower's business. These loans are collateralized by the subject property and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on the performance of the company occupying the property.
•Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied: Loans are extended to commercial customers for the purpose of acquiring commercial property where occupancy by the borrower is not their primary intent. These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans, collateralized by the subject property, and the repayment of these loans is largely dependent on rental income from the successful operation of the property.
•Residential real estate: Loans are extended to consumer customers and collateralized primarily by 1-4 family residential properties and include fixed and variable rate mortgages, home equity mortgages, and home equity lines of credit. Loans are primarily written based on conventional loan agency guidelines, including loans that exceed agency value limitations. Sources of repayment are largely dependent on the occupant of the residential property.
•Commercial and financial: Loans are extended to commercial customers. The purpose of the loans can be working capital, physical asset expansion, asset acquisition or other business purposes. Loans may be collateralized by assets owned by the borrower or the borrower's business. Commercial loans are based primarily on the historical and projected cash flow of the borrower's business and secondarily on the capacity of credit enhancements, guarantees and underlying collateral provided by the borrower.
•Consumer: Loans are extended to consumer customers. The segment includes both installment loans and lines of credit which may be collateralized or non-collateralized.
The following tables present net loan balances by segment as of:
 March 31, 2023
(In thousands)Portfolio LoansAcquired Non-PCD LoansPCD LoansTotal
Construction and land development$358,960 $370,353 $28,522 $757,835 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied998,479 613,636 40,376 1,652,491 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,787,839 1,476,543 147,669 3,412,051 
Residential real estate1,589,025 739,396 25,973 2,354,394 
Commercial and financial1,143,961 447,593 58,931 1,650,485 
Consumer169,088 128,865 3,787 301,740 
PPP Loans1,101 4,298 — 5,399 
Totals$6,048,453 $3,780,684 $305,258 $10,134,395 
 December 31, 2022
(In thousands)Portfolio LoansAcquired Non-PCD LoansPCD LoansTotal
Construction and land development$364,900 $201,333 $21,100 $587,332 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied995,154 451,202 31,946 1,478,302 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,695,411 767,138 127,225 2,589,774 
Residential real estate1,558,643 271,378 19,482 1,849,503 
Commercial and financial1,151,273 182,124 15,238 1,348,636 
Consumer177,338 89,458 19,791 286,587 
PPP Loans1,474 3,116 — 4,590 
Totals$5,944,193 $1,965,749 $234,782 $8,144,724 
The amortized cost basis of loans at March 31, 2023 included net deferred costs of $35.7 million. At December 31, 2022, the amortized cost basis included net deferred costs of $35.1 million. At March 31, 2023, the remaining fair value adjustments on acquired loans were $216.0 million, or 5.0% of the outstanding acquired loan balances, compared to $97.7 million, or 4.3% of the acquired loan balances at December 31, 2022. The discount is accreted into interest income over the remaining lives of the related loans on a level yield basis.
Accrued interest receivable is included within Other Assets and was $34.4 million and $28.2 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
The following tables present the status of net loan balances as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
 March 31, 2023
(In thousands)CurrentAccruing
30-59 Days
Past Due		Accruing
60-89 Days
Past Due		Accruing
Greater
Than
90 Days		NonaccrualTotal
Portfolio Loans      
Construction and land development$358,954 $— $— $— $6 $358,960 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied997,282 142 — — 1,055 998,479 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,772,837 — 421 — 14,581 1,787,839 
Residential real estate1,578,686 2,972 69 — 7,298 1,589,025 
Commercial and financial1,134,951 2,396 — — 6,614 1,143,961 
Consumer168,106 743 50 — 189 169,088 
PPP Loans1,018 — — 83 — 1,101 
Total Portfolio Loans$6,011,834 $6,253 $540 $83 $29,743 $6,048,453 
Acquired Non-PCD Loans
Construction and land development$370,305 $— $48 $— $— $370,353 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied613,636 — — — — 613,636 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,472,452 926 — — 3,165 1,476,543 
Residential real estate736,548 1,296 188 — 1,364 739,396 
Commercial and financial446,684 218 — — 691 447,593 
Consumer122,844 4,374 781 866 — 128,865 
PPP Loans4,277 — 21 — — 4,298 
 Total Acquired Non-PCD Loans$3,766,746 $6,814 $1,038 $866 $5,220 $3,780,684 
PCD Loans
Construction and land development$28,150 $370 $— $— $2 $28,522 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied36,324 — 279 — 3,773 40,376 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied142,111 — 47 — 5,511 147,669 
Residential real estate23,426 504 715 — 1,328 25,973 
Commercial and financial53,643 280 — — 5,008 58,931 
Consumer3,373 122 90 — 202 3,787 
Total PCD Loans$287,027 $1,276 $1,131 $— $15,824 $305,258 
Total Loans$10,065,607 $14,343 $2,709 $949 $50,787 $10,134,395 
 
 December 31, 2022
(In thousands)CurrentAccruing
30-59 Days
Past Due		Accruing
60-89 Days
Past Due		Accruing
Greater
Than
90 Days		NonaccrualTotal
Portfolio Loans      
Construction and land development$364,841 $— $— $— $59 $364,900 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied993,690 — 67 440 957 995,154 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied1,695,381 — — — 30 1,695,411 
Residential real estate1,550,040 1,172 147 — 7,284 1,558,643 
Commercial and financial1,142,536 1,032 476 — 7,229 1,151,273 
Consumer176,444 550 252 1 91 177,338 
PPP Loans1,099 33 — 342 — 1,474 
 Total Portfolio Loans$5,924,031 $2,787 $942 $783 $15,650 $5,944,193 
Acquired Non-PCD Loans
Construction and land development$201,263 $— $— $— $70 $201,333 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied450,109 796 297 — — 451,202 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied765,633 162 — — 1,343 767,138 
Residential real estate270,215 577 — — 586 271,378 
Commercial and financial180,837 790 87 — 410 182,124 
Consumer87,317 779 616 525 221 89,458 
PPP Loans3,116 — — — — 3,116 
 Total Acquired Non-PCD Loans$1,958,490 $3,104 $1,000 $525 $2,630 $1,965,749 
PCD Loans
Construction and land development$20,680 $— $— $— $420 $21,100 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied30,517 23 23 — 1,383 31,946 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied124,115 — — — 3,110 127,225 
Residential real estate17,885 10 — — 1,587 19,482 
Commercial and financial11,201 4 — — 4,033 15,238 
Consumer17,884 1,001 336 540 30 19,791 
 Total PCD Loans$222,282 $1,038 $359 $540 $10,563 $234,782 
Total Loans$8,104,803 $6,929 $2,301 $1,848 $28,843 $8,144,724 
All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest subsequently received on such loans is accounted for under the cost-recovery method, whereby interest income is not recognized until the loan balance is reduced to zero. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current, and future payments are reasonably assured. The Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.8 million in interest income on nonaccrual loans during each of the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
The following tables present net balances of loans on nonaccrual status and the related allowance for credit losses, if any, as of:
March 31, 2023
(In thousands)Nonaccrual Loans With No Related AllowanceNonaccrual Loans With an AllowanceTotal Nonaccrual LoansAllowance for Credit Losses
Construction and land development$6 $2 $8 $— 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied2,078 2,751 4,829 126 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied982 22,274 23,256 585 
Residential real estate2,966 7,023 9,989 135 
Commercial and financial4,220 8,093 12,313 2,677 
Consumer37 355 392 290 
Totals $10,289 $40,498 $50,787 $3,813 
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)Nonaccrual Loans With No Related AllowanceNonaccrual Loans With an AllowanceTotal Nonaccrual LoansAllowance for Credit Losses
Construction and land development$615 $— $615 $— 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied957 1,641 2,597 41 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied3,347 837 4,184 230 
Residential real estate8,072 1,036 9,109 58 
Commercial and financial4,724 6,891 11,615 2,319 
Consumer40 683 723 257 
Totals$17,755 $11,088 $28,843 $2,905 
Collateral-Dependent Loans
Loans are considered collateral-dependent when the repayment, based on the Company's assessment as of the reporting date, is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the underlying collateral and there are no other available and reliable sources of repayment. The following table presents collateral-dependent loans as of:
(In thousands)March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Construction and land development$6 $59 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied5,278 2,733 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied37,902 1,698 
Residential real estate 21,678 11,333 
Commercial and financial7,480 10,448 
Consumer202 426 
Totals $72,546 $26,697 
Loans by Risk Rating
The Company utilizes an internal asset classification system as a means of identifying problem and potential problem loans. The following classifications are used to categorize loans under the internal classification system:
•Pass: Loans that are not problem loans or potential problem loans are considered to be pass-rated.
•Special Mention: Loans that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant classification in the Substandard or Doubtful categories, but possess weaknesses that deserve management's close attention are deemed to be Special Mention.
•Substandard: Loans with the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
•Substandard Impaired: Loans typically placed on nonaccrual and considered to be collateral-dependent.
•Doubtful: Loans that have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weakness present makes collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The principal balance of loans classified as doubtful are likely to be charged off.
The following tables present the risk rating of loans by year of origination as of:
March 31, 2023
(In thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolvingTotal
Construction and Land Development
Risk Ratings:
Pass$20,907 $322,371 $241,044 $45,943 $33,641 $61,203 $5,435 $730,544 
Special Mention— 2,051 467 — 3,803 2 — $6,323 
Substandard— — 9,407 — — 11,555 — $20,962 
Substandard Impaired — — — — — 6 — $6 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$20,907 $324,422 $250,918 $45,943 $37,444 $72,766 $5,435 $757,835 
Gross Charge Offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$24,300 $272,169 $312,366 $177,419 $195,904 $626,242 $70 $1,608,470 
Special Mention— 2 2,120 — 4,882 11,868 — $18,872 
Substandard— 691 2,336 7,105 2,604 9,552 — $22,288 
Substandard Impaired — — — — 323 2,538 — $2,861 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$24,300 $272,862 $316,822 $184,524 $203,713 $650,200 $70 $1,652,491 
Gross Charge Offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$86,801 $861,624 $673,294 $331,702 $421,185 $952,125 $145 $3,326,876 
Special Mention— — 1,727 11,228 7,839 16,534 — $37,328 
Substandard— — 191 4,672 6,008 13,937 — $24,808 
Substandard Impaired — — — 15,526 1,849 5,664 — $23,039 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$86,801 $861,624 $675,212 $363,128 $436,881 $988,260 $145 $3,412,051 
Gross Charge Offs$— $— $— $109 $— $— $— $109 
Residential real estate
Risk Ratings:
Pass$66,554 $561,374 $733,887 $231,100 $152,377 $564,550 $34,658 $2,344,500 
Special Mention— — — — — — — $— 
Substandard— — — — — — — $— 
March 31, 2023
(In thousands)20232022202120202019PriorRevolvingTotal
Substandard Impaired — 75 566 155 612 8,418 68 $9,894 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$66,554 $561,449 $734,453 $231,255 $152,989 $572,968 $34,726 $2,354,394 
Gross Charge Offs$— $— $— $— $— $159 $— $159 
Commercial and financial
Risk Ratings:
Pass$58,767 $482,995 $462,755 $170,255 $104,402 $281,433 $13,797 $1,574,404 
Special Mention— 5,230 15,682 3,530 4,156 3,779 — $32,377 
Substandard— 1,487 14,762 5,863 5,713 4,594 — $32,419 
Substandard Impaired — 55 59 3,973 1,077 4,682 — $9,846 
Doubtful— — — 65 — 1,374 — 1,439 
Total$58,767 $489,767 $493,258 $183,686 $115,348 $295,862 $13,797 $1,650,485 
Gross Charge Offs$— $— $56 $1,334 $204 $848 $200 $2,642 
Consumer
Risk Ratings:
Pass$9,269 $100,987 $91,072 $28,799 $34,956 $32,088 $3,442 $300,613 
Special Mention— — — — — — $— 
Substandard— — 742 44 — 14 — $800 
Substandard Impaired — 39 — 13 — 275 — $327 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$9,269 $101,026 $91,814 $28,856 $34,956 $32,377 $3,442 $301,740 
Gross Charge Offs$— $39 $395 $213 $18 $— $30 $695 
Paycheck Protection Program
Risk Ratings:
Pass$— $— $2,661 $2,655 $— $— $— $5,316 
Substandard— — 14 69 — — — $83 
Substandard Impaired— — — — — — — — 
Total$— $— $2,675 $2,724 $— $— $— $5,399 
Gross Charge Offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Consolidated
Risk Ratings:
Pass$266,598 $2,601,520 $2,517,079 $987,873 $942,465 $2,517,641 $57,547 $9,890,723 
Special Mention— 7,283 20,010 14,827 20,680 32,183 — 94,900 
Substandard— 2,178 27,438 17,684 14,325 39,652 — 101,360 
Substandard Impaired — 169 625 19,667 3,861 21,583 68 45,973 
Doubtful— — — 65 — 1,374 — 1,439 
Total$266,598 $2,611,150 $2,565,152 $1,040,116 $981,331 $2,612,433 $57,615 $10,134,395 
Gross Charge Offs$— $39 $451 $1,656 $222 $1,007 $230 $3,605 
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolvingTotal
Construction and Land Development
Risk Ratings:
Pass$223,204 $209,738 $18,239 $24,600 $12,783 $19,022 $50,960 $558,546 
Special Mention14,523 452 — 3,153 — — 15 18,143 
Substandard— 9,227 — — 959 — — 10,186 
Substandard Impaired — 52 — — — 405 — 457 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$237,727 $219,469 $18,239 $27,753 $13,742 $19,427 $50,975 $587,332 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolvingTotal
Pass$215,453 $251,638 $180,081 $185,286 $121,568 $467,963 $32,253 $1,454,242 
Special Mention694 — 2,363 4,403 2,548 2,869 — 12,877 
Substandard— — 667 2,625 573 4,444 — 8,309 
Substandard Impaired — — — 311 294 2,269 — 2,874 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$216,147 $251,638 $183,111 $192,625 $124,983 $477,545 $32,253 $1,478,302 
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied
Risk Ratings:
Pass$593,364 $530,462 $231,693 $331,173 $228,077 $575,656 $35,326 $2,525,751 
Special Mention— 16,257 735 5,438 — 4,975 — 27,405 
Substandard— 192 19,315 — 5,515 7,412 — 32,434 
Substandard Impaired — — 1,044 1,849 30 1,261 — 4,184 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$593,364 $546,911 $252,787 $338,460 $233,622 $589,304 $35,326 $2,589,774 
Residential real estate
Risk Ratings:
Pass$270,054 $552,950 $121,879 $77,100 $97,900 $292,867 $423,764 $1,836,514 
Special Mention— — 50 — 25 269 884 1,228 
Substandard— — — — — 343 85 428 
Substandard Impaired — — 133 32 83 9,515 1,570 11,333 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$270,054 $552,950 $122,062 $77,132 $98,008 $302,994 $426,303 $1,849,503 
Commercial and financial
Risk Ratings:
Pass$359,833 $320,307 $140,450 $77,562 $57,924 $58,648 $292,818 $1,307,542 
Special Mention1,244 423 106 474 195 259 2,998 5,699 
Substandard— 67 942 6,304 1,603 1,683 13,114 23,713 
Substandard Impaired 5 58 5,109 147 3,642 2,545 176 11,682 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$361,082 $320,855 $146,607 $84,487 $63,364 $63,135 $309,106 $1,348,636 
Consumer
Risk Ratings:
Pass$93,012 $77,889 $27,982 $28,772 $11,690 $16,480 $29,725 $285,550 
Special Mention— — — 250 2 134 30 416 
Substandard— — 11 — — 191 — 202 
Substandard Impaired — — 18 55 36 103 207 419 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
Total$93,012 $77,889 $28,011 $29,077 $11,728 $16,908 $29,962 $286,587 
Paycheck Protection Program
Risk Ratings:
Pass$— $2,708 $1,882 $— $— $— $— $4,590 
Substandard$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Substandard Impaired$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Total$— $2,708 $1,882 $— $— $— $— $4,590 
Consolidated
Risk Ratings:
Pass$1,754,920 $1,945,692 $720,324 $724,493 $529,942 $1,430,636 $864,846 $7,972,735 
Special Mention16,461 17,132 3,254 13,718 2,770 8,506 3,927 65,768 
Substandard— 9,486 20,935 8,929 8,650 14,073 13,199 75,272 
Substandard Impaired 5 110 6,304 2,394 4,085 16,098 1,953 30,949 
Doubtful— — — — — — — — 
December 31, 2022
(In thousands)20222021202020192018PriorRevolvingTotal
Total$1,771,386 $1,972,420 $750,817 $749,534 $545,447 $1,469,313 $883,925 $8,144,724 

Troubled Borrower Modifications

On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU 2022-02 which includes disclosure requirements related to certain modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, which the Company refers to as troubled borrower modifications (“TBMs”). TBMs are typically in the form of an interest rate reduction, an extension of the amortization period and/or converting the loan to interest only for a limited period of time. In addition to the change in payment terms, the Company seeks to obtain additional collateral and/or guarantors to provide additional support for the loan. The Company does not typically provide forgiveness of principal as a modification.
During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there was one loan totaling $29 thousand that was a TBM, which is considered immaterial. To the extent there are additional modifications in subsequent periods, the Company will disclose additional information about the nature of the modifications, the financial effect of the modifications and payment defaults of TBMs in the 12 months prior to default, among any other relevant disclosures.