XML 28 R9.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT  v2.3.0.11
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2:  SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DeVry and its wholly-owned and majority-owned domestic and foreign subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Where our ownership interest is less than 100 percent, the noncontrolling ownership interests are reported on our consolidated balance sheet. The noncontrolling ownership interest in our earnings is classified as "Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest" in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Unless indicated, or the context requires otherwise, references to years refer to DeVry's fiscal years.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents can include time deposits, high-grade commercial paper, money market funds and bankers acceptances with original maturities of three months or less. Short-term investment objectives are to minimize risk and maintain liquidity. These investments are stated at cost, which approximates market, because of their short duration or liquid nature. DeVry places its cash and temporary cash investments with high credit quality institutions. Cash and cash equivalent balances are generally in excess of the FDIC insurance limit. DeVry has not experienced any losses on its cash and cash equivalents.

 

Management periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of the security issuers and financial institutions with which it invests and maintains deposit accounts.

 

 

Financial Aid and Restricted Cash

 

Financial aid and assistance programs, in which most DeVry University, Ross University, Chamberlain, Carrington College and Carrington College California students participate, are subject to political and governmental budgetary considerations. There is no assurance that such funding will be maintained at current levels. Extensive and complex regulations in the United States and Canada govern all of the government financial assistance programs in which students participate. Administration of these programs is periodically reviewed by various regulatory agencies. Any regulatory violation could be the basis for disciplinary action, including the initiation of a suspension, limitation or termination proceeding.

 

A significant portion of revenue is received from students who participate in government financial aid and assistance programs. Restricted cash represents amounts received from the federal and state governments under various student aid grant and loan programs and, such restricted funds are held in separate bank accounts. Once the financial aid authorization and disbursement process for the student has been completed, the funds are transferred to unrestricted accounts, and these funds then become available for use in DeVry's current operations. This authorization and disbursement process that precedes the transfer of funds generally occurs within the period of the academic term for which such funds were authorized.

 

In fiscal year 2011, as part of continuing operations in Pennsylvania, DeVry was required to maintain a "minimum protective endowment" of at least $500,000.  These funds are required as long as DeVry operates campuses in the state.  DeVry accounts for these funds as restricted cash.

 

Marketable Securities and Investments

 

DeVry owns investments in marketable securities that have been designated as "available for sale" or "trading securities" in accordance with authoritative guidance. Available for sale securities are carried at fair value with the unrealized gains and losses reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). Trading securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income as a component of Interest and Other Income (Expense).

 

Marketable securities and investments consist of investments in mutual funds which are classified as available-for-sale securities. The following is a summary of our available-for-sale marketable securities at June 30, 2011 (dollars in thousands):

   Gross Unrealized
         Fair
   Cost (Loss) Gain Value
 Marketable Securities:        
  Bond Mutual Fund$903$ -$51$954
  Stock Mutual Funds 2,005  (384)  - 1,621
 Total Marketable Securities$2,908$ (384)$51$2,575

Investments are classified as short-term if they are readily convertible to cash or have other characteristics of short-term investments such as highly liquid markets or maturities within one year. All mutual fund investments are recorded at fair market value based upon quoted market prices. At June 30, 2011, all of the Bond and Stock mutual fund investments are held in a rabbi trust for the purpose of paying benefits under DeVry's non-qualified deferred compensation plan.

 

As of June 30, 2011, all unrealized losses in the above table have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for more than one year. When evaluating its investments for possible impairment, DeVry reviews factors such as length of time and extent to which fair value has been less than cost basis, the financial condition of the issuer, and DeVry's ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time that may be sufficient for anticipated recovery in fair value. The decline in value of the above investments is considered temporary in nature and, accordingly, DeVry does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired as of June 30, 2011.

As of June 30, 2010, DeVry held auction-rate debt securities in the aggregate principal amount of $13.5 million. These outstanding securities were purchased by DeVry's broker, UBS, in early July 2010.

 

Realized gains and losses are computed on the basis of specific identification and are included in Interest and Other income/(expense) in the Consolidated Statements of Income. DeVry has not recorded any realized gains or realized losses for fiscal 2011. See Note 4 for further disclosures on the Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

On March 10, 2009, DeVry signed an agreement to acquire a majority stake in DeVry Brasil (also known as Fanor), a leading provider of private postsecondary education in northeastern Brazil (see "Note 7 – Business Combinations"). The purchase was closed on April 1, 2009. Under the terms of the agreement, the purchase price was paid in Brazilian Real. During March 2009, DeVry purchased a non-deliverable foreign exchange forward contract in the amount of the expected cash outlay to close the transaction, in order to protect against a strengthening in the value of the Brazilian Real. This contract was settled in March 2009 by purchasing another foreign exchange contract to offset the first position, once the necessary cash was delivered to Brazil. DeVry recognized a gain in the third quarter of fiscal 2009 on the settlement of approximately $1.3 million due to the strengthening of the Brazilian Real. This gain is included in Interest and Other (Expense) Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

DeVry University tuition revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the applicable academic term. Ross University basic science curriculum revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the academic term. The clinical portion of the Ross University education program is conducted under the supervision of the U.S. teaching hospitals and veterinary schools. Ross University is responsible for the billing and collection of tuition from its students during the period of clinical education. Revenues are recognized on a weekly basis based on actual education program attendance during the period of the clinical program. Fees paid to the hospitals and veterinary schools for supervision of Ross University students are charged to expense on the same basis. Carrington, Chamberlain and DeVry Brasil tuition and fee revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the applicable academic term. AAI tuition and fee revenues are recognized ratably on a straight-line basis over the applicable course term or the license period depending on the type of contract. The provision for refunds, which is reported as a reduction to Tuition Revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Income, and the provision for uncollectible accounts, which is included in the Cost of Educational Services in the Consolidated Statements of Income, also are recognized in the same ratable fashion as revenue to most appropriately match these costs with the tuition revenue in that term.

 

Estimates of DeVry's expected refunds are determined at the onset of each academic term, based upon actual experience in previous terms, and monitored and adjusted as necessary within the term. If a student leaves school prior to completing a term, federal, state and/or Canadian provincial regulations and accreditation criteria permit DeVry to retain only a set percentage of the total tuition received from such student, which varies with, but generally equals or exceeds, the percentage of the term completed by such student. Payment amounts received by DeVry in excess of such set percentages of tuition are refunded to the student or the appropriate funding source. All refunds are charged against revenue during the applicable academic term. The allowance for uncollectible accounts is determined by analyzing the current aging of accounts receivable and historical loss rates on collections of accounts receivable. In addition, management considers projections of future receivable levels and collection loss rates. We perform this analysis periodically throughout the year. Provisions required to maintain the allowance at appropriate levels are charged to expense in each period as required. Related reserves with respect to uncollectible accounts and refunds totaled $64.3 million and $63.1 million at June 30, 2011 and June 30, 2010, respectively.

 

Sales of textbooks, electronic course materials, and other educational products, including training services and the Becker DVD product, are included in Other Educational Revenues in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Textbook, electronic course materials and other educational product revenues are recognized when the sale occurs. Revenues from training services, which are generally short-term in duration, are recognized when the training service is provided. In addition, fees from international licensees of the Becker programs are included in Other Educational Revenues and recognized in income when confirmation of course delivery is received.

 

DeVry defers DeVry University enrollment fee revenue. This deferred revenue is recognized in subsequent periods as student services are provided. Additionally, DeVry has elected to defer certain direct costs of activities associated with these fees, limited to the extent of the revenue deferral. These costs are subsequently amortized over the periods in which student services are provided. Similar enrollment fee revenue and cost deferrals are recorded at Ross University and Becker. Since changes to the deferrals involve the recording of equivalent amounts of revenues and costs, net income is not affected.

 

Land, Buildings and Equipment

 

Land, buildings and equipment, including both purchased and internal-use software development costs, are recorded at cost. Cost also includes additions and those improvements that enhance performance, increase the capacity or lengthen the useful lives of the assets. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Upon sale or retirement of an asset, the accounts are relieved of the cost and the related accumulated depreciation, with any resulting profit or loss included in income in the period incurred. Assets under construction are reflected in Construction in Progress until they are placed into service for their intended use. Interest is capitalized as a component of cost on major projects during the construction period.

 

Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the lease or the estimated useful life of the asset, whichever is shorter. Leased property meeting certain criteria is capitalized, and the present value of the related lease payments is recorded as a liability. Amortization of capitalized leased assets is computed on the straight-line method over the term of the lease or the life of the related asset, whichever is shorter.

 

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated service lives. These lives range from five to 31 years for buildings and leasehold improvements, and from three to eight years for computers, furniture and equipment.

 

Internal-Use Software Development Costs

 

DeVry capitalizes certain internal-use software development costs that are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the software, not to exceed five years. Capitalized costs include external direct costs of equipment, materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software and payroll-related costs for employees directly associated with the internal-use software development project. Capitalization of such costs ceases at the point at which the project is substantially complete and ready for its intended purpose. Capitalized internal-use software development costs for projects not yet complete are included as construction in progress in the Land, Buildings and Equipment section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Costs capitalized during fiscal years 2011, 2010 and 2009 were approximately $25.3 million, $36.2 million and $11.1 million, respectively. In all three years these costs were primarily related to Project DELTA (a new student information system for DeVry University and Chamberlain College of Nursing). As of June 30, 2011 and 2010, the net balance of capitalized software development costs was $67.2 million and $45.6 million, respectively.

 

Business Combinations, Intangible Assets and Goodwill

 

Intangible assets relate mainly to acquired business operations (see "Note 7-Business Combinations"). These assets consist of the fair value of certain identifiable assets acquired. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired less liabilities assumed.

 

In accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles arising from a business combination are not amortized and charged to expense over time. Instead, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles must be reviewed annually for impairment, or more frequently if circumstances arise indicating potential impairment. This impairment review was most recently completed as of May 31, 2011. For goodwill, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit containing the goodwill exceeds the fair value of that reporting unit, an impairment loss is recognized to the extent the "implied fair value" of the reporting unit goodwill is less than the carrying amount of the goodwill.

 

For indefinite-lived intangible assets, if the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. See "Note 8-Intangible Assets" for results of DeVry's required impairment analysis of its intangible assets and goodwill.

 

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their expected economic lives, generally two to 15 years. Amortization of all intangible assets and certain goodwill is being deducted for tax reporting purposes over statutory lives.

 

DeVry expenses all curriculum development, new school opening and student recruiting costs as incurred.

 

Perkins Program Fund

 

DeVry University is required, under federal aid program regulations, to make contributions to the Perkins Student Loan Fund, most recently at a rate equal to 33% of new contributions by the federal government. No new federal contributions were received in fiscal years 2011 or 2010. DeVry carries its investment in such contributions at original values, net of allowances for expected losses on loan collections, of $2.6 million at June 30, 2011 and 2010. The allowance for future loan losses is based upon an analysis of actual loan losses experienced since the inception of the program. As previous borrowers repay their Perkins loans, their payments are used to fund new loans, thus creating a revolving loan fund. The federal contributions to this revolving loan program do not belong to DeVry and are not recorded on its financial statements. Under current law, upon termination of the program by the federal government or withdrawal from future program participation by DeVry University, subsequent student loan repayments would be divided between the federal government and DeVry University to satisfy their respective cumulative contributions to the fund.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, marketable securities and investments (see "Note 4 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments"), accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and advanced and deferred tuition payments approximate fair value because of the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments. All of DeVry's current maturities and long-term debt (see "Note 11- Debt") bear interest at a floating rate reset to current rates on a periodic basis not currently exceeding six months. Therefore, the carrying amount of DeVry's long-term debt, if any, approximates fair value.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The financial position and results of operations of Ross University's Caribbean operations are measured using the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. As such, there is no translation gain or loss associated with these operations. DeVry Brasil, DeVry's Canadian operations and Becker's ATC and Hong Kong operations are measured using the local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of the these entities are translated to U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet dates. Income and expense items are translated at monthly average rates of exchange. The resultant translation adjustments are included in the component of Shareholders' Equity designated as Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). Transaction gains or losses during the years June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 were not material.

 

Income Taxes

 

DeVry accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. DeVry also recognizes future tax benefits associated with tax loss and credit carryforwards as deferred tax assets. DeVry's deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, when in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. DeVry measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which DeVry expects to recover or settle the temporary differences. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred taxes is recognized in the period that the change is enacted. DeVry reduces its net tax assets for the estimated additional tax and interest that may result from tax authorities disputing uncertain tax positions DeVry has taken.

The Ross University operating subsidiaries in Dominica and St. Kitts have agreements with their respective governments that exempt them from local income taxation through the years 2043 and 2023, respectively. Also, DeVry intends to indefinitely reinvest existing cash balances, subsequent earnings and cash flow in Ross University or other business opportunities outside the United States. Accordingly, no provision for current income taxes is being recorded for income attributable to these taxing jurisdictions (See "Note 10-Income Taxes").

 

Guarantees

 

Under its bylaws, DeVry has agreed to indemnify its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officers or directors are performing at DeVry's request in such capacity. The indemnification agreement period is for an officer's or director's lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future payments DeVry could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, DeVry has a director and officer liability insurance policy that limits its exposure and enables it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. Management believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements is minimal. DeVry has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of June 30, 2011 and 2010.

 

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

DeVry has used derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to movements in interest rates. DeVry has not used any such financial instruments since the first quarter of fiscal 2006. The use of these financial instruments modifies the exposure of these risks with the intent to reduce the risk to DeVry. DeVry does not use financial instruments for trading purposes, nor does it use leveraged financial instruments. Credit risk related to derivative financial instruments is considered minimal and is managed by requiring periodic settlements and high credit standards for its counterparties.

 

All derivative contracts are reported at fair value, with changes in fair value reported in earnings or deferred, depending on the nature and effectiveness of the offset or hedging relationship. Any ineffectiveness in a hedging relationship is recognized immediately in earnings. There were no outstanding derivatives at June 30, 2011 or June 30, 2010.

 

Prepaid Clinical Fees

 

Clinical rotation costs for Ross University medical students are included in Cost of Educational Services. Over the past several years, Ross University has entered into long-term contracts with a hospital group to secure clinical rotations for its students at fixed rates in exchange for prepayment of the rotation fees. Under the contracts, the established rate-per-clinical rotation was being deducted from the prepaid balance and charged to expense as the medical students utilized the clinical clerkships. The hospital group closed two of its hospitals due to financial difficulties in February 2009. To date, the hospital group has provided Ross with a limited number of additional clinical clerkships at its remaining hospital, but not nearly enough to offset the void created by the closure of its other two hospitals. During April 2009, Ross filed a lawsuit against the hospital group to enforce the contract.  The suit seeks specific performance of the hospital group's obligations to provide Ross with the prepaid clinical clerkships. As of June 30, 2011, the outstanding balance of prepaid clinical rotations with this hospital group was approximately $6.2 million. Though DeVry believes that Ross has a contractual right to utilize other clinical rotations within the hospital group's system, given the business uncertainty of this situation, a reserve of $1.6 million has been provided against the prepaid balance.

 

Non-Controlling Interest

 

DeVry maintains an 83.5 percent ownership interest in DeVry Brasil with the remaining 16.5 percent owned by the current DeVry Brasil management group. Beginning January 2013, DeVry has the right to exercise a call option and purchase any remaining DeVry Brasil stock from DeVry Brasil management. Likewise, DeVry Brasil management has the right to exercise a put option and sell its remaining ownership interest in DeVry Brasil to DeVry. These options may become exercisable prior to January 2013 if DeVry Brasil's management ownership interest falls below five percent. Since the put option is out of the control of DeVry, authoritative guidance requires the non-controlling interest, which includes the value of the put option, to be displayed outside of the equity section of the consolidated balance sheet.

 

The DeVry Brasil management put option, which is not currently redeemable but is probable of becoming redeemable, is being accreted to its expected redemption value according to a fair market value formula contained in the stock purchase agreement. The adjustment to increase or decrease the put option to its expected redemption value each reporting period is recorded to retained earnings in accordance with the authoritative guidance. The adjustment to increase or decrease the DeVry Brasil non-controlling interest each reporting period for its proportionate share of DeVry Brasil's profit/loss will continue to flow through the consolidated income statement based on DeVry's historical non-controlling interest accounting policy.

 

The following is a reconciliation of the non-controlling interest balance (in thousands):

     Year Ended June 30,
     2011  2010
Balance at Beginning of Period$ 5,007 $ 3,188
 Net Income Attributable to Non-controlling Interest  427   74
 Accretion of Non-controlling Interest Put Option  1,321   1,745
Balance at End of Period$ 6,755 $ 5,007

Earnings per Common Share

 

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares assuming dilution. Dilutive shares are computed using the Treasury Stock Method and reflect the additional shares that would be outstanding if dilutive stock options were exercised during the period. Excluded from the June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 computations of diluted earnings per share were options to purchase 1,210,000, 759,000 and 426,000 shares of common stock, respectively. These outstanding options were excluded because the option exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares or the assumed proceeds upon exercise under the Treasury Stock Method resulted in the repurchase of more shares than would be issued; thus, their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

 

The following is a reconciliation of basic shares to diluted shares.

   Years Ended June 30,
   2011 2010 2009
 Weighted Average Shares Outstanding  69,608  71,140  71,515
 Unvested participating Restricted Shares  295  192  -
 Basic Shares  69,903  71,332  71,515
 Effect of Dilutive Stock Options  717  935  1,001
 Diluted Shares  70,620  72,267  72,516

Treasury Stock

 

DeVry's Board of Directors has authorized stock repurchase programs on six occasions (see "Note 6 – Dividends and Stock Repurchase Program"). The first five repurchase programs are all completed as of June 2011. The sixth repurchase program was approved by the DeVry Board of Directors on May 20, 2011, and it was commenced in late June 2011. Shares that are repurchased by DeVry are recorded as Treasury Stock at cost and result in a reduction of Shareholders' Equity.

From time to time, shares of its common stock are delivered back to DeVry under a swap arrangement resulting from employees' exercise of incentive stock options pursuant to the terms of the DeVry Stock Incentive Plans (see "Note 3 – Stock-Based Compensation"). These shares are recorded as Treasury Stock at cost and result in a reduction of Shareholders' Equity.

 

Treasury shares are reissued on a monthly basis at market value, to the DeVry Employee Stock Purchase Plan in exchange for employee payroll deductions. When treasury shares are reissued, DeVry uses an average cost method to reduce the Treasury Stock balance. Gains on the difference between the average cost and the reissuance price are credited to Additional Paid-in Capital. Losses on the difference are charged to Additional Paid-in Capital to the extent that previous net gains from reissuance are included therein; otherwise such losses are charged to Retained Earnings.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain previously reported amounts in fiscal 2010 have been reclassified to conform to current presentation format. These reclassifications had no effect on reported net income.

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) is composed of the change in cumulative translation adjustment and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of the effects of income taxes. The following are the amounts recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 (dollars in thousands).

     Year Ended June 30,
     2011  2010  2009
Balance at Beginning of Period$ 9,896 $ 7,157 $ (2,963)
 Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)  187   116   (5,230)
 Net Unrealized Investment Losses Recognized  -   -   6,378
 Translation Adjustments:        
  Attributable to DeVry Inc.  4,411   1,970   7,637
  Attributable to Non-controlling Interest  1,235   653   1,335
Balance at End of Period$ 15,729 $ 9,896 $ 7,157

The Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income balance at June 30, 2011, consists of $15.9 million ($12.8 million attributable to DeVry Inc. and $3.1 million attributable to non-controlling interests) of cumulative translation gains and $0.2 million of unrealized losses on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0.1 million and all attributable to DeVry Inc. At June 30, 2010, this balance consisted of $10.3 million of cumulative translation gains ($8.3 million attributable to DeVry Inc. and $2.0 million attributable to non-controlling interests) and $0.4 million of unrealized losses on available-for-sale marketable securities, net of tax of $0.2 million and all attributable to DeVry Inc.

 

Advertising Expense

 

Advertising costs are recognized as expense in the period in which materials are purchased or services are performed. Advertising expense, which is included in student services and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income, was $252.7 million, $224.1 million, and $179.4 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The increase in advertising expense in fiscal year 2011 was the result of investments in marketing initiatives to increase enrollments.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance updating the disclosure requirements for Comprehensive Income. This update requires total comprehensive income, the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income to be presented either in a single continuous statement or in two separate but consecutive statements. This guidance will be effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2012. Currently, we present total comprehensive income and the components of other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity and in the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements. The application of this guidance will require presentation of comprehensive income on a different consolidated financial statement.

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued authoritative guidance clarifying the application of existing fair value measurements and disclosure requirements. This guidance will be effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2012. Management has not yet determined the effect that the application of this guidance will have on DeVry's consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2010, the FASB issued authoritative guidance updating the disclosure requirements of supplemental pro forma information for business combinations. This guidance became effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2011. The application of this guidance did not have a material impact on DeVry's consolidated financial statements or financial statement disclosures.

 

In December 2010, the FASB issued authoritative guidance on applying the goodwill impairment test for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. This guidance became effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2011. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on DeVry's consolidated financial statements or financial statement disclosures.

 

In July 2010, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for improving disclosure on the credit quality of financing receivables and allowances for credit losses. This guidance requires reporting entities to provide information that will enable readers of financial statements to understand the nature of credit risk in a company's financing receivables, how that risk is analyzed in determining the related allowance for credit losses and changes to the allowance during the reporting period. The guidance is effective for DeVry's second quarter of fiscal year 2011, and it is to be used for quarterly and annual filings. The application of this guidance is included in Note 5 to these consolidated financial statements.

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued new guidance that modifies the fair value requirement of multiple element revenue arrangements. The new guidance allows the use of the "best estimate of selling price" in addition to vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE") and third-party evidence ("TPE") for determining the selling price of a deliverable. A vendor is now required to use its best estimate of the selling price when VSOE or TPE of the selling price cannot be determined. In addition, the residual method of allocating arrangement consideration is no longer permitted. The guidance requires expanded qualitative and quantitative disclosures and is effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on DeVry's consolidated financial statements or financial statement disclosures.