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GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
4.  
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price and related acquisition costs over the fair value assigned to the net tangible and other intangible assets acquired in a business acquisition.

Other intangible assets include patents, technology, license agreements, supply agreements, non-compete agreements and trademarks.  Amounts assigned to these intangible assets have been determined by management.  Management considered a number of factors in determining the allocations, including valuations and independent appraisals.  Trademarks have indefinite lives and are reviewed for impairment on an annual basis.  Other intangible assets, excluding trademarks, are being amortized over 1 to 20 years.

The changes in the carrying value of goodwill classified by reportable operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 are as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
Total
 
 
Asia
 
 
North America
 
 
Europe
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Goodwill, gross
 
$
31,205
 
 
$
12,875
 
 
$
15,293
 
 
$
3,037
 
   Accumulated impairment charges
 
 
(26,941
)
 
 
(12,875
)
 
 
(14,066
)
 
 
-
 
   Goodwill, net
 
 
4,264
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,227
 
 
 
3,037
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation
 
 
(101
)
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(101
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Goodwill, gross
 
 
31,104
 
 
 
12,875
 
 
 
15,293
 
 
 
2,936
 
   Accumulated impairment charges
 
 
(26,941
)
 
 
(12,875
)
 
 
(14,066
)
 
 
-
 
   Goodwill, net
 
 
4,163
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,227
 
 
 
2,936
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill allocation related to acquisition
 
 
9,724
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
9,724
 
Foreign currency translation
 
 
331
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
331
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Goodwill, gross
 
 
41,159
 
 
 
12,875
 
 
 
15,293
 
 
 
12,991
 
   Accumulated impairment charges
 
 
(26,941
)
 
 
(12,875
)
 
 
(14,066
)
 
 
-
 
   Goodwill, net
 
$
14,218
 
 
$
-
 
 
$
1,227
 
 
$
12,991
 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recorded $9.7 million of additional goodwill in connection with the 2012 Acquisitions. The goodwill related to the 2012 Acquired Companies was preliminarily assigned to the Company's Europe operating segment.  The Company completed its annual goodwill impairment test during the fourth quarter of 2012, noting no impairment.  Management determined that the fair value of the goodwill at December 31, 2012 exceeded its carrying value and that no impairment existed as of that date.

The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment using a fair value approach, the relief-from-royalty method (a form of the income approach) .  At December 31, 2012, the Company's indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the trademarks acquired in the Cinch and Fibreco acquisitions.  Management has concluded that the fair value of these trademarks exceeded the related carrying values at December 31, 2012 and that no impairment existed as of that date.

The components of intangible assets other than goodwill are as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
December 31, 2012
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Gross Carrying
 
 
Accumulated
 
 
Net Carrying
 
 
Gross Carrying
 
 
Accumulated
 
 
Net Carrying
 
 
Amount
 
 
Amortization
 
 
Amount
 
 
Amount
 
 
Amortization
 
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Patents, licenses and technology
 
$
7,822
 
 
$
851
 
 
$
6,971
 
 
$
2,719
 
 
$
1,029
 
 
$
1,690
 
Customer relationships
 
 
5,827
 
 
 
554
 
 
 
5,273
 
 
 
2,541
 
 
 
301
 
 
 
2,240
 
Non-compete agreements
 
 
573
 
 
 
151
 
 
 
422
 
 
 
40
 
 
 
38
 
 
 
2
 
Trademarks
 
 
8,297
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
8,297
 
 
 
6,945
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
6,945
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
22,519
 
 
$
1,556
 
 
$
20,963
 
 
$
12,245
 
 
$
1,368
 
 
$
10,877
 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2012, the Company recorded $10.4 million of various intangible assets in connection with the 2012 Acquisitions.  A listing of intangible assets acquired with the 2012 Acquired Companies and the related weighted-average lives of those assets is detailed in Note 2.  The Company also wrote off $0.5 million of fully-amortized patents and license agreements during 2012, $1.8 million of fully amortized customer relationships during 2011 and $0.3 million of fully amortized patents during 2010.  Amortization expense was $0.7 million, $0.4 million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

Estimated amortization expense for intangible assets for the next five years is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Year Ending
 
Estimated
 
December 31,
 
Amortization Expense
 
 
 
 
2013
 
$
1,095
 
2014
 
 
994
 
2015
 
 
834
 
2016
 
 
834
 
2017
 
 
831