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Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]  
Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities
11.  Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

Fair Value Measurements

The accounting guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures provides a single definition of fair value and requires certain disclosures about assets and liabilities measured at fair value.  A hierarchal framework for disclosing the observability of the inputs utilized in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value is established by this guidance.  The three levels in the hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date.  The types of assets and liabilities included in Level 1 are highly liquid and actively traded instruments with quoted prices.

Level 2 - Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, but are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date.  The types of assets and liabilities included in Level 2 are typically either comparable to actively traded securities or contracts, or priced with discounted cash flow or option pricing models using highly observable inputs.

Level 3 - Significant inputs to pricing have little or no observability as of the reporting date.  The types of assets and liabilities included in Level 3 are those valued with models requiring significant management judgment or estimation.

Specific valuation methods include the following:

Cash equivalents - The fair values of cash equivalents are generally based on cost plus accrued interest; money market funds are measured using quoted net asset values.

Investments in equity securities and other funds - Equity securities are valued using quoted prices in active markets.  The fair values for commingled funds, international equity funds, private equity investments and real estate investments are measured using net asset values, which take into consideration the value of underlying fund investments, as well as the other accrued assets and liabilities of a fund, in order to determine a per share market value.  The investments in commingled funds and international equity funds may be redeemed for net asset value.  Private equity investments require approval of the fund for any unscheduled redemption, and such redemptions may be approved or denied by the fund at its sole discretion.  Unscheduled distributions from real estate investments may be redeemed with proper notice; however, withdrawals from real estate investments may be delayed or discounted as a result of fund illiquidity.  Given the limited observability of inputs to the valuation of the underlying fund investments of the private equity and real estate investments, fair value measurements for private equity and real estate investments have been assigned a Level 3.

Investments in debt securities- Debt securities are primarily priced using recent trades and observable spreads from benchmark interest rates for similar securities, except for asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities, which also require significant, subjective risk-based adjustments to the interest rate used to discount expected future cash flows, which include estimated principal prepayments.  Therefore, fair value measurements for asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities have been assigned a Level 3.

Interest rate derivatives- The fair values of interest rate derivatives are based on broker quotes utilizing current market interest rate forecasts.

Commodity derivatives- The methods utilized to measure the fair value of commodity derivatives include the use of forward prices and volatilities to value commodity forwards and options.  Levels are assigned to these fair value measurements based on the significance of the use of subjective forward price and volatility forecasts for commodities and delivery locations with limited observability, or the significance of contractual settlements that extend to periods beyond those readily observable on active exchanges or quoted by brokers.  Electric commodity derivatives include FTRs, for which fair value is determined using complex predictive models and inputs including forward commodity prices as well as subjective forecasts of retail and wholesale demand, generation and resulting transmission system congestion.  Given the limited observability of management's forecasts for several of these inputs, fair value measurements for FTRs have been assigned a Level 3.

Xcel Energy continuously monitors the creditworthiness of the counterparties to its commodity derivative contracts and assesses each counterparty's ability to perform on the transactions set forth in the contracts.  Given this assessment, as well as an assessment of the impact of Xcel Energy's own credit risk when determining the fair value of commodity derivative liabilities, the impact of considering credit risk was immaterial to the fair value of commodity derivative assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated balance sheets.

Non-Derivative Instruments Fair Value Measurements

The NRC requires NSP-Minnesota to maintain a portfolio of investments to fund the costs of decommissioning its nuclear generating plants.  Together with all accumulated earnings or losses, the assets of the nuclear decommissioning fund are legally restricted for the purpose of decommissioning the Monticello and Prairie Island nuclear generating plants.  The fund contains cash equivalents, debt securities, equity securities and other investments – all classified as available-for-sale.  NSP-Minnesota plans to reinvest matured securities until decommissioning begins.

NSP-Minnesota recognizes the costs of funding the decommissioning of its nuclear generating plants over the lives of the plants, assuming rate recovery of all costs.  Given the purpose and legal restrictions on the use of nuclear decommissioning fund assets, realized and unrealized gains on fund investments over the life of the fund are deferred as an offset of NSP-Minnesota's regulatory asset for nuclear decommissioning costs.  Consequently, any realized and unrealized gains and losses on securities in the nuclear decommissioning fund, including any other-than-temporary impairments, are deferred as a component of the regulatory asset for nuclear decommissioning.

Unrealized gains for the decommissioning fund were $79.8 million and $82.5 million at Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010, respectively, and unrealized losses and amounts recorded as other-than-temporary impairments were $87.5 million and $65.2 million at Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010, respectively.

The following tables present the cost and fair value of Xcel Energy's non-derivative instruments with recurring fair value measurements in the nuclear decommissioning fund at Dec. 31, 2011 and 2010:

   
Dec. 31, 2011
 
      
Fair Value
    
                 
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Cost
  
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
 
Nuclear decommissioning fund (a)
               
Cash equivalents
 $26,123  $7,103  $19,020  $-  $26,123 
Commingled funds
  320,798   -   311,105   -   311,105 
International equity funds
  63,781   -   58,508   -   58,508 
Private equity investments
  9,203   -   -   9,203   9,203 
Real estate
  24,768   -   -   26,395   26,395 
Debt securities:
                    
Government securities
  116,490   -   117,256   -   117,256 
U.S. corporate bonds
  187,083   -   193,516   -   193,516 
International corporate bonds
  35,198   -   35,804   -   35,804 
Municipal bonds
  60,469   -   64,731   -   64,731 
Asset-backed securities
  16,516   -   -   16,501   16,501 
Mortgage-backed securities
  75,627   -   -   78,664   78,664 
Equity securities:
                    
Common stock
  408,122   398,625   -   -   398,625 
Total
 $1,344,178  $405,728  $799,940  $130,763  $1,336,431 
 
(a)
Reported in nuclear decommissioning fund and other investments on the consolidated balance sheet, which also includes $92.7 million of equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and $34.3 million of miscellaneous investments.
 
 
   
Dec. 31, 2010
 
      
Fair Value
    
                 
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Cost
  
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
 
Nuclear decommissioning fund (a)
               
Cash equivalents
 $83,837  $76,281  $7,556  $-  $83,837 
Commingled funds
  131,000   -   133,080   -   133,080 
International equity funds
  54,561   -   58,584   -   58,584 
Debt securities:
                    
Government securities
  146,473   -   146,654   -   146,654 
U.S. corporate bonds
  279,028   -   288,304   -   288,304 
International corporate bonds
  1,233   -   1,581   -   1,581 
Municipal bonds
  100,277   -   97,557   -   97,557 
Asset-backed securities
  32,558   -   -   33,174   33,174 
Mortgage-backed securities
  68,072   -   -   72,589   72,589 
Equity securities:
                    
Common stock
  436,334   435,270   -   -   435,270 
Total
 $1,333,373  $511,551  $733,316  $105,763  $1,350,630 
 
(a)
Reported in nuclear decommissioning fund and other investments on the consolidated balance sheet, which also includes $97.6 million of equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and $28.2 million of miscellaneous investments.
 
The following tables present the changes in Level 3 nuclear decommissioning fund investments:

(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Jan. 1, 2011
  
Purchases
  
Settlements
  
Gains (Losses)
Recognized as
 Regulatory Assets
 and Liabilities
  Dec. 31, 2011 
Asset-backed securities
 $33,174  $16,518  $(32,560) $(631) $16,501 
Mortgage-backed securities
  72,589   168,688   (161,134)  (1,479)  78,664 
Real estate
  -   24,768   -   1,627   26,395 
Private equity investments
  -   9,203   -   -   9,203 
Total
 $105,763  $219,177   (193,694) $(483) $130,763 
 
(Thousands of Dollars) Jan. 1, 2010  Purchases  Settlements  GainsRecognized as Regulatory Assets and Liabilities  Dec. 31, 2010 
Asset-backed securities
 $11,918  $38,871  $(17,878) $263  $33,174 
Mortgage-backed securities
  81,189   63,497   (75,701)  3,604   72,589 
Total
 $93,107  $102,368   (93,579) $3,867  $105,763 
 
 
(Thousands of Dollars)
 Jan. 1, 2009  Purchases  Settlements  GainsRecognized as Regulatory Assets and Liabilities  Dec. 31, 2009 
Asset-backed securities
 $10,962  $7,271  $(7,755) $1,440  $11,918 
Mortgage-backed securities
  98,461   17,943   (45,815)  10,600   81,189 
Total
 $109,423  $25,214   (53,570) $12,040  $93,107 

The following table summarizes the final contractual maturity dates of the debt securities in the nuclear decommissioning fund, by asset class, at Dec. 31, 2011:

   
Final Contractual Maturity
 
(Thousands of Dollars) Due in 1 Year or Less  Due in 1 to 5 Years  Due in 5 to 10 Years  Due after 10 Years  Total 
Government securities
 $113,179  $-  $4,077  $-  $117,256 
U.S. corporate bonds
  304   35,437   139,880   17,895   193,516 
International corporate bonds
  -   8,454   23,501   3,849   35,804 
Municipal bonds
  -   -   40,585   24,146   64,731 
Asset-backed securities
  -   9,907   6,594   -   16,501 
Mortgage-backed securities
  -   1,731   1,041   75,892   78,664 
Debt securities
 $113,483  $55,529  $215,678  $121,782  $506,472 

Derivative Instruments Fair Value Measurements

Xcel Energy enters into derivative instruments, including forward contracts, futures, swaps and options, for trading purposes and to reduce risk in connection with changes in interest rates, utility commodity prices and vehicle fuel prices, as well as variances in forecasted weather.

Interest Rate Derivatives - Xcel Energy enters into various instruments that effectively fix the interest payments on certain floating rate debt obligations or effectively fix the yield or price on a specified benchmark interest rate for an anticipated debt issuance for a specific period.  These derivative instruments are generally designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes.

At Dec. 31, 2011, accumulated OCI related to interest rate derivatives included $0.9 million of net losses expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months as the related hedged interest rate transactions impact earnings.

At Dec. 31, 2011, Xcel Energy had unsettled interest rate swaps outstanding with a notional amount of $475 million.  These interest rate swaps were designated as hedges, and as such, changes in fair value are recorded to OCI.  In addition, Xcel Energy entered into interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $175 million during the year which were settled in conjunction with the Xcel Energy Inc. debt issuance in September 2011.  See Note 4 to for further discussions of long-term borrowings.

Short-Term Wholesale and Commodity Trading Risk - Xcel Energy conducts various short-term wholesale and commodity trading activities, including the purchase and sale of electric capacity, energy and energy-related instruments.  Xcel Energy's risk management policy allows management to conduct these activities within guidelines and limitations as approved by its risk management committee, which is made up of management personnel not directly involved in the activities governed by this policy.

Commodity Derivatives - Xcel Energy enters into derivative instruments to manage variability of future cash flows from changes in commodity prices in its electric and natural gas operations, as well as for trading purposes.  This could include the purchase or sale of energy or energy-related products, natural gas to generate electric energy, gas for resale and vehicle fuel.

At Dec. 31, 2011, Xcel Energy had various vehicle fuel related contracts designated as cash flow hedges extending through December 2014.  Xcel Energy also enters into derivative instruments that mitigate commodity price risk on behalf of electric and natural gas customers but are not designated as qualifying hedging transactions.  Changes in the fair value of non-trading commodity derivative instruments are recorded in OCI or deferred as a regulatory asset or liability.  The classification as a regulatory asset or liability is based on commission approved regulatory recovery mechanisms.  Xcel Energy recorded immaterial amounts to income related to the ineffectiveness of cash flow hedges for the years ended Dec. 31, 2011 and 2010.

At Dec. 31, 2011, accumulated OCI related to commodity derivative cash flow hedges included $0.2 million of net gains expected to be reclassified into earnings during the next 12 months as the hedged transactions occur.

Additionally, Xcel Energy enters into commodity derivative instruments for trading purposes not directly related to commodity price risks associated with serving its electric and natural gas customers.  Changes in the fair value of these commodity derivatives are recorded in electric operating revenues, net of amounts credited to customers under margin-sharing mechanisms.
 
The following table details the gross notional amounts of commodity forwards, options and FTRs at Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010:

(Amounts in Thousands) (a)(b)
 
Dec. 31, 2011
  
Dec. 31, 2010
 
MWh of electricity
  38,822   46,794 
MMBtu of natural gas
  40,736   75,806 
Gallons of vehicle fuel
  600   800 
 
(a)
Amounts are not reflective of net positions in the underlying commodities.
(b)
Notional amounts for options are included on a gross basis, but are weighted for the probability of exercise.

Financial Impact of Qualifying Cash Flow Hedges - The impact of qualifying interest rate and vehicle fuel cash flow hedges on Xcel Energy's accumulated OCI, included in the consolidated statements of common stockholders' equity and comprehensive income, is detailed in the following table:

(Thousands of Dollars)
 
2011
  
2010
  
2009
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to cash flow hedges at Jan. 1
 $(8,094) $(6,435) $(13,113)
After-tax net unrealized losses related to derivatives accounted for as hedges
  (38,292)  (4,289)  (710)
After-tax net realized losses on derivative transactions reclassified into earnings
  648   2,630   7,388 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss related to cash flow hedges at Dec. 31
 $(45,738) $(8,094) $(6,435)

Xcel Energy had no derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges during the years ended Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010.

The following tables detail the impact of derivative activity during the years ended Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010, on OCI, regulatory assets and liabilities, and income:

   
Dec. 31, 2011
  
                   
  Fair Value  Pre-Tax Amounts      
  Changes Recognized  Reclassified into Income   Pre-Tax Gains (Losses)  
  During the Period in:  During the Period from:     
  Accumulated     Accumulated           
   Other  Regulatory  Other    Regulatory    Recognized  
  Comprehensive  (Assets) and  Comprehensive   Assets and   During the Period  
(Thousands of Dollars) Loss  Liabilities  Loss   (Liabilities)   in Income  
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
                    
Interest rate
 $(63,573) $-  $1,424 
(a)
 $-    $-  
Vehicle fuel and other commodity
  195   -   (178)
(e)
  -     -  
Total
 $(63,378) $-  $1,246    $-    $-  
                           
Other derivative instruments
                         
Trading commodity
 $-  $-  $-    $-    $6,418 
(b)
Electric commodity
  -   49,818   -     (40,492)
(c)
  -  
Natural gas commodity
  -   (111,574)  -     91,743 
(d)
  (382)
(b)
Total
 $-  $(61,756) $-    $51,251    $6,036  
 
 
  
Dec. 31, 2010
  
  
Fair Value
  
Pre-Tax Amounts
      
  
Changes Recognized
  
Reclassified into Income
      
  
During the Period in:
  During the Period from:   
Pre-Tax Gains
  
  Accumulated     Accumulated         
  
Other
   Regulatory  
Other
   
Regulatory
   
Recognized
  
  
Comprehensive
  
(Assets) and
  
Comprehensive
   
Assets and
   
During the Period
  
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Loss
  
Liabilities
  
Loss
   
(Liabilities)
   
in Income
  
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges
                    
Interest rate
 $(7,210) $-  $1,107 
(a)
 $-    $-  
Vehicle fuel and other commodity
  (238)  -   3,474 
(e)
  -     -  
Total
 $(7,448) $-  $4,581    $-    $-  
                           
Other derivative instruments
                         
Trading commodity
 $-  $-  $-    $-    $11,004 
(b)
Electric commodity
  -   3,969   -     (21,840)
(c)
  -  
Natural gas commodity
  -   (105,396)  -     51,034 
(d)
  -  
Other
  -   -   -     -     135 
(b)
Total
 $-  $(101,427) $-    $29,194    $11,139  

(a)
Recorded to interest charges.
(b)
Recorded to electric operating revenues.  Portions of these total gains and losses are subject to sharing with electric customers through margin-sharing mechanisms and deducted from gross revenue, as appropriate.
(c)
Recorded to electric fuel and purchased power.  These derivative settlement gains and losses are shared with electric customers through fuel and purchased energy cost-recovery mechanisms, and reclassified out of income as regulatory assets or liabilities, as appropriate.
(d)
Recorded to cost of natural gas sold and transported.  These derivative settlement gains and losses are shared with natural gas customers through purchased natural gas cost-recovery mechanisms, and reclassified out of income as regulatory assets or liabilities, as appropriate.
(e)
Recorded to O&M expenses.

Credit Related Contingent Features- Contract provisions of the derivative instruments that the utility subsidiaries enter into may require the posting of collateral or settlement of the contracts for various reasons, including if the applicable utility subsidiary is unable to maintain its credit ratings.  If the credit ratings of Xcel Energy Inc.'s subsidiaries were downgraded below investment grade, contracts underlying $8.3 million and $5.6 million of derivative instruments in a gross liability position at Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010, respectively, would have required Xcel Energy Inc.'s subsidiaries to post collateral or settle applicable contracts, which would have resulted in payments to counterparties of $9.3 million and $9.8 million, respectively.  At Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010, there was no collateral posted on these specific contracts.

Certain derivative instruments are also subject to contract provisions that contain adequate assurance clauses.  These provisions allow counterparties to seek performance assurance, including cash collateral, in the event that a given utility subsidiary's ability to fulfill its contractual obligations is reasonably expected to be impaired.  Xcel Energy had no collateral posted related to adequate assurance clauses in derivative contracts as of Dec. 31, 2011 and Dec. 31, 2010.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements - The following table presents for each of the hierarchy levels, Xcel Energy's derivative assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at Dec. 31, 2011:

   
Dec. 31, 2011
 
   
Fair Value
          
            
Fair Value
  
Counterparty
    
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Netting (b)
  
Total
 
Current derivative assets
                  
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
                  
Vehicle fuel and other commodity
 $-  $169  $-  $169  $(76) $93 
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
  -   32,682   -   32,682   (13,391)  19,291 
Electric commodity
  -   -   13,333   13,333   (1,471)  11,862 
Total current derivative assets
 $-  $32,851  $13,333  $46,184  $(14,938)  31,246 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      33,094 
Current derivative instruments
                     $64,340 
Noncurrent derivative assets
                        
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
                        
Vehicle fuel and other commodity
 $-  $107  $-  $107  $(59) $48 
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
  -   36,599   -   36,599   (5,540)  31,059 
Total noncurrent derivative assets
 $-  $36,706  $-  $36,706  $(5,599)  31,107 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      121,780 
Noncurrent derivative instruments
                     $152,887 

 
  Dec. 31, 2011 
  Fair Value          
           
Fair Value
  Counterparty    
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Netting (b)
  
Total
 
Current derivative liabilities
                  
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
                  
Interest rate
 $-  $57,749  $-  $57,749  $-  $57,749 
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
  -   27,891   -   27,891   (14,417)  13,474 
Electric commodity
  -   698   916   1,614   (1,471)  143 
Natural gas commodity
  418   70,119   -   70,537   (7,486)  63,051 
Total current derivative liabilities
 $418  $156,457  $916  $157,791  $(23,374)  134,417 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      22,997 
Current derivative instruments
                     $157,414 
Noncurrent derivative liabilities
                        
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
 $-  $20,966  $-  $20,966  $(5,599) $15,367 
Total noncurrent derivative liabilities
 $-  $20,966  $-  $20,966  $(5,599)  15,367 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      248,539 
Noncurrent derivative instruments
                     $263,906 
 
(a)
In 2003, as a result of implementing new guidance on the normal purchase exception for derivative accounting, Xcel Energy began recording several long-term purchased power agreements at fair value due to accounting requirements related to underlying price adjustments.  As these purchases are recovered through normal regulatory recovery mechanisms in the respective jurisdictions, the changes in fair value for these contracts were offset by regulatory assets and liabilities.  During 2006, Xcel Energy qualified these contracts under the normal purchase exception.  Based on this qualification, the contracts are no longer adjusted to fair value and the previous carrying value of these contracts will be amortized over the remaining contract lives along with the offsetting regulatory assets and liabilities.
(b)
The accounting guidance for derivatives and hedging permits the netting of receivables and payables for derivatives and related collateral amounts when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists between Xcel Energy and a counterparty.  A master netting agreement is an agreement between two parties who have multiple contracts with each other that provides for the net settlement of all contracts in the event of default on or termination of any one contract.

The following table presents for each of the hierarchy levels, Xcel Energy's derivative assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at Dec. 31, 2010:

   
Dec. 31, 2010
 
   
Fair Value
          
            
Fair Value
  
Counterparty
    
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Netting (b)
  
Total
 
Current derivative assets
                  
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
                  
Vehicle fuel and other commodity
 $-  $126  $-  $126  $-  $126 
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
  487   37,019   -   37,506   (21,352)  16,154 
Electric commodity
  -   -   3,619   3,619   (1,226)  2,393 
Natural gas commodity
  -   1,595   -   1,595   (1,219)  376 
Total current derivative assets
 $487  $38,740  $3,619  $42,846  $(23,797)  19,049 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      35,030 
Current derivative instruments
                     $54,079 
Noncurrent derivative assets
                        
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
                        
Vehicle fuel and other commodity
 $-  $150  $-  $150  $-  $150 
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
  -   32,621   -   32,621   (4,595)  28,026 
Natural gas commodity
  -   1,246   -   1,246   (269)  977 
Total noncurrent derivative assets
 $-  $34,017  $-  $34,017  $(4,864)  29,153 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      154,873 
Noncurrent derivative instruments
                     $184,026 
 
 
   
Dec. 31, 2010
 
   
Fair Value
          
            
Fair Value
  
Counterparty
    
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Level 1
  
Level 2
  
Level 3
  
Total
  
Netting (b)
  
Total
 
Current derivative liabilities
                  
Other derivative instruments:
                  
Trading commodity
 $392  $30,608  $-  $31,000  $(24,007) $6,993 
Electric commodity
  -   -   1,227   1,227   (1,227)  - 
Natural gas commodity
  20   52,709   -   52,729   (21,169)  31,560 
Total current derivative liabilities
 $412  $83,317  $1,227  $84,956  $(46,403)  38,553 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      23,192 
Current derivative instruments
                     $61,745 
Noncurrent derivative liabilities
                        
Other derivative instruments:
                        
Trading commodity
 $-  $18,878  $-  $18,878  $(4,596) $14,282 
Natural gas commodity
  -   438   -   438   (269)  169 
Total noncurrent derivative liabilities
 $-  $19,316  $-  $19,316  $(4,865)  14,451 
Purchased power agreements (a)
                      271,535 
Noncurrent derivative instruments
                     $285,986 
 
 (a)
In 2003, as a result of implementing new guidance on the normal purchase exception for derivative accounting, Xcel Energy began recording several long-term purchased power agreements at fair value due to accounting requirements related to underlying price adjustments.  As these purchases are recovered through normal regulatory recovery mechanisms in the respective jurisdictions, the changes in fair value for these contracts were offset by regulatory assets and liabilities.  During 2006, Xcel Energy qualified these contracts under the normal purchase exception.  Based on this qualification, the contracts are no longer adjusted to fair value and the previous carrying value of these contracts will be amortized over the remaining contract lives along with the offsetting regulatory assets and liabilities.
(b)
The accounting guidance for derivatives and hedging permits the netting of receivables and payables for derivatives and related collateral amounts when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists between Xcel Energy and a counterparty.  A master netting agreement is an agreement between two parties who have multiple contracts with each other that provides for the net settlement of all contracts in the event of default on or termination of any one contract.

The following table presents the changes in Level 3 commodity derivatives for the years ended Dec. 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009:

   
Year Ended Dec. 31
 
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
2011
  
2010
  
2009
 
Balance at Jan. 1
 $2,392  $28,042  $23,221 
Purchases
  33,609   10,813   9,077 
Settlements
  (36,555)  (25,261)  (18,316)
Transfers (out of) into Level 3
  -   (13,525)  1,280 
Net transactions recorded during the period:
            
Gains recognized in earnings (a)
  69   6,237   8,228 
Gains (losses) recognized as regulatory assets and liabilities
  12,902   (3,914)  4,552 
Balance at Dec. 31
 $12,417  $2,392  $28,042 

(a)
These unrealized amounts relate to commodity derivatives held at the end of the period.
 
Xcel Energy recognizes transfers between levels as of the beginning of each period.  There were no transfers of amounts between levels for the year ended Dec. 31, 2011.  The following table presents the transfers that occurred from Level 3 to Level 2 during the year ended Dec. 31, 2010.

   
Year Ended
 
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Dec. 31, 2010
 
Trading commodity derivatives not designated as cash flow hedges:
   
Current assets
 $7,271 
Noncurrent assets
  26,438 
Current liabilities
  (4,115)
Noncurrent liabilities
  (16,069)
Total
 $13,525 

There were no transfers of amounts from Level 2 to Level 3, or any transfers to or from Level 1 for the year ended Dec. 31, 2010.  The transfer of amounts from Level 3 to Level 2 in the year ended Dec. 31, 2010 was due to the valuation of certain long-term derivative contracts for which observable commodity pricing forecasts became a more significant input during the period.

Fair Value of Long-Term Debt

As of Dec. 31, 2011 and 2010, other financial instruments for which the carrying amount did not equal fair value were as follows:

   
2011
  
2010
 
(Thousands of Dollars)
 
Carrying
Amount
  
Fair Value
  
Carrying
Amount
  
Fair Value
 
Long-term debt, including current portion
 $9,908,435  $11,734,798  $9,318,559  $10,224,845 
 
The fair value of Xcel Energy's long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues, or the current rates for debt of the same remaining maturities and credit quality.  The fair value estimates presented are based on information available to management as of Dec. 31, 2011 and 2010.  These fair value estimates have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these consolidated financial statements since that date and current estimates of fair values may differ significantly.