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Overview and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policy)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Entity Information [Line Items]  
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at original cost as defined for regulatory purposes. The cost of additions to property, plant and equipment and replacements of retirement units of property are charged to plant accounts. Units of property replaced or abandoned in the ordinary course of business are retired from the plant accounts at cost; such amounts, less salvage, are charged to accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method based on functional rates approved by the IURC and averaged 3.7%, 3.8% and 3.7% during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense was $244.8 million, $247.5 million, and $239.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. "Depreciation and amortization" expense on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations is presented net of regulatory deferrals of depreciation expense and also includes amortization of intangible assets and amortization of previously deferred regulatory costs.
Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Table Text Block]
The following table summarizes our accounts receivable balances at December 31:
 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Accounts receivable, net
     Customer receivables$125,715 $125,540 
     Unbilled revenue91,463 74,488 
     Amounts due from related parties5,178 239 
     Other13,848 17,373 
     Allowance for credit losses(2,283)(1,117)
           Total accounts receivable, net$233,921 $216,523 
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Inventories

We maintain coal, fuel oil, natural gas, materials and supplies inventories for use in the production of electricity. These inventories are accounted for at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the average cost. The following table summarizes our inventories balances at December 31:
 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Inventories
     Fuel$77,198 $60,497 
     Materials and supplies, net66,392 63,111 
          Total inventories$143,590 $123,608 
Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Intangible Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets primarily include capitalized software and project development intangible assets amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives. The following table presents information related to the Company's intangible assets, including the gross amount capitalized and related amortization:

December 31,
$ in thousands
Weighted average amortization periods (in years)
2023
2022
Capitalized software
8$261,872 $205,910 
Project development intangible assets
2884,097 39,455 
Other
Various
797 797 
Less: Accumulated amortization
(111,110)(107,184)
Intangible assets - net
$235,656 $138,978 
For the Years Ended December 31,
202320222021
Amortization expense
$14,570 $10,122 $11,241 
Estimated future amortization
Years ending December 31,
2024$20,764 
202520,764 
202622,550 
202722,550 
202822,550 
Total
$109,178 
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation

IPALCO’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the SEC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of IPALCO, its regulated utility subsidiary, AES Indiana, and its unregulated subsidiary, Mid-America. Furthermore, VIEs in which the Company has an ownership interest and is the primary beneficiary, thus controlling the VIE, as described below, have been consolidated. All intercompany items have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain costs for shared resources amongst AES Indiana and IPALCO, such as labor and benefits, are allocated to each entity based on
allocation methodologies that management believes to be reasonable. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date this report is issued.

If IPALCO enters into transactions impacting equity interests in its affiliates, IPALCO must determine whether the transaction impacts the Company's consolidation conclusion by first determining whether the transaction should be evaluated under the variable interest model or the voting model. In determining which consolidation model applies to the transaction, IPALCO is required to make judgments about how the entity operates, the most significant of which are whether (i) the entity has sufficient equity to finance its activities, (ii) the equity holders, as a group, have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and (iii) whether the entity has non-substantive voting rights. If the entity is determined to be a variable interest entity and IPALCO is determined to have power and benefits, the entity will be consolidated by IPALCO.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests are classified as a separate component of equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity. Additionally, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests is reflected separately from consolidated net income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Any change in ownership of a subsidiary while the controlling financial interest is retained is accounted for as an equity transaction between the controlling and noncontrolling interests. Losses continue to be attributed to the noncontrolling interests, even when the noncontrolling interests' basis has been reduced to zero.

Allocation of Earnings

Hardy Hills JV is subject to profit-sharing arrangements where the allocation of earnings, cash distributions, and tax benefits are not based on fixed ownership percentages. This arrangement exists to designate different allocations of value among the investors, where the allocations change in form or percentage over the life of the partnership. IPALCO uses the HLBV method when it is a reasonable approximation of the profit-sharing arrangement. The HLBV method calculates the proceeds that would be attributable to each partner based on the liquidation provisions of the respective operating partnership agreement if the partnership was to be liquidated at book value at the balance sheet date. Each partner’s share of income in the period is equal to the change in the amount of net equity they are legally able to claim based on a hypothetical liquidation of the entity at the end of a reporting period compared to the beginning of that period, adjusted for any capital transactions (for further discussion about the Equity Capital Contribution Agreement, see Note 2, "Regulatory Matters - IRP Filings and Replacement Generation").

The HLBV method is used to calculate the earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest when the business is consolidated by IPALCO. In the early months of operations of a renewable generation facility where HLBV results in a significant decrease in the hypothetical liquidation proceeds attributable to the tax equity investor due to the recognition of ITCs or other adjustments as required by the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Company records the impact (sometimes referred to as the ‘Day one gain’) to income in the same period.
Use of Management Estimates
Use of Management Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires that management make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period may also be affected by the estimates and assumptions management is required to make. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include: recognition of revenue including unbilled revenue; the carrying value of property, plant and equipment; the valuation of insurance and claims liabilities; the valuation of allowances for credit losses and deferred income taxes; regulatory assets and liabilities; liabilities recorded for income tax exposures; litigation; contingencies; and assets and liabilities related to AROs and employee benefits.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. All highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash includes cash which is restricted as to withdrawal or usage. The nature of the restrictions includes restrictions imposed by agreements related to deposits held as collateral.

The following table provides a summary of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash amounts reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that reconcile to the total of such amounts as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
     Cash and cash equivalents$28,579 $201,548 
     Restricted cash (included in Prepayments and other current assets)
          Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$28,584 $201,553 
Revenues and Accounts Receivable
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table summarizes our accounts receivable balances at December 31:
 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Accounts receivable, net
     Customer receivables$125,715 $125,540 
     Unbilled revenue91,463 74,488 
     Amounts due from related parties5,178 239 
     Other13,848 17,373 
     Allowance for credit losses(2,283)(1,117)
           Total accounts receivable, net$233,921 $216,523 
Contingencies
Contingencies

IPALCO accrues for loss contingencies when the amount of the loss is probable and estimable. We are subject to various environmental regulations and are involved in certain legal proceedings. If IPALCO’s actual environmental and/or legal obligations are different from our estimates, the recognition of the actual amounts may have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows; although that has not been the case during the periods covered by this report. Accruals for loss contingencies were not material as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. See Note 10, "Commitments and Contingencies - Contingencies" for additional information.
Concentration of Risk
Concentrations of Risk

Substantially all of AES Indiana’s customers are located within the Indianapolis area. Approximately 68% of AES Indiana’s employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements in two bargaining units: a physical unit and a clerical-technical unit. AES Indiana’s contract with the physical unit expires on December 4, 2024, and the contract with the clerical-technical unit expires February 12, 2026. Additionally, AES Indiana has long-term coal contracts with one supplier, and substantially all of AES Indiana's coal is currently mined in the state of Indiana.
Allowance For Funds Used During Construction
AFUDC

In accordance with the Uniform System of Accounts prescribed by FERC, AES Indiana capitalizes an allowance for the net cost of funds (interest on borrowed funds and a reasonable rate of return on equity funds) used for construction purposes during the period of construction with a corresponding credit to income. AES Indiana capitalized amounts using pretax composite rates of 7.1%, 5.4% and 5.7% during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. AFUDC equity and AFUDC debt were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

 202320222021
 (In Thousands)
AFUDC equity$9,315 $4,784 $5,412 
AFUDC debt$13,739 $8,215 $4,815 
Derivatives
Financial Derivatives

All derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheets and are measured at fair value. Changes in the fair value are recorded in earnings unless the derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge of a forecasted transaction or it qualifies for the normal purchases and sales exception.

AES Indiana has contracts involving the physical delivery of energy and fuel. Because some of these contracts qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in ASC 815, AES Indiana has elected to account for them as accrual contracts, which are not adjusted for changes in fair value. AES Indiana has or previously had FTRs and forward power contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting or the normal purchases and sales exceptions under ASC 815. Accordingly, FTRs are recorded at fair value when acquired and subsequently amortized over the annual period as they are used. FTRs are initially recorded at fair value using the income approach. The forward power contracts are recorded at fair value with changes in the fair value charged or credited to the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the change occurred. Forward power contracts are fair valued using the market approach.
Additionally, we use interest rate hedges to manage the interest rate risk associated with refinancing our long-term debt. We use cash flow hedge accounting when the hedge or a portion of the hedge is deemed to be highly effective, which results in changes in the fair value being recorded within accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of shareholders' equity. We have elected not to offset net derivative positions in the Financial Statements. Accordingly, we do not offset such derivative positions against the fair value of amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral under master netting agreements. See Note 5, “Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” for additional information
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
 
GAAP requires that we test long-lived assets for impairment when indicators of impairment exist. If an asset is deemed to be impaired, we are required to write down the asset to its fair value with a charge to current earnings. The net book value of our property, plant, and equipment was $4.5 billion and $4.0 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, AES Indiana had $259.9 million and $287.5 million, respectively, of long-term regulatory assets associated with Petersburg Unit 1 and 2 retirement costs (for further discussion, see Note 2, “Regulatory Matters - IRP Filings and Replacement Generation” and Note 3, "Property, Plant and Equipment"). We do not believe any of these assets are currently impaired. In making this assessment, we consider such factors as: the overall condition and generating and distribution capacity of the assets; the expected ability to recover additional expenditures in the assets; the anticipated demand and relative pricing of retail electricity in our service territory and wholesale electricity in the region; and the cost of fuel.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of the existing assets and liabilities, and their respective income tax bases. The Company establishes a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company’s tax positions are evaluated under a more likely than not recognition threshold and measurement analysis before they are recognized for financial statement reporting.
Uncertain tax positions are classified as noncurrent income tax liabilities unless expected to be paid within one year. The Company’s policy for interest and penalties is to recognize interest and penalties as a component of the provision for income taxes in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Income tax assets or liabilities, which are included in allowable costs for ratemaking purposes in future years, are recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities with a corresponding deferred tax liability or asset. Investment tax credits that reduced federal income taxes in the years they arose have been deferred and are being amortized to income over the useful lives of the properties in accordance with regulatory treatment. See Note 2, "Regulatory Matters" for additional information.

IPALCO and its subsidiaries file U.S. federal income tax returns as part of the consolidated U.S. income tax return filed by AES. The consolidated tax liability is allocated to each subsidiary based on the separate return method which is specified in our tax allocation agreement and which provides a consistent, systematic and rational approach. See Note 7, "Income Taxes" for additional information.
Repair and Maintenance Costs
Repair and Maintenance Costs

Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Per Share Data
Per Share Data

IPALCO is owned by AES U.S. Investments and CDPQ. IPALCO does not report earnings on a per-share basis.
Lessee, Leases
Leases

The Company has finance leases primarily for land in which the Company is the lessee. Operating leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, but are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company’s leases do not contain any material residual value guarantees, restrictive covenants or subleases.

Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term while lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized on commencement of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Generally, the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable; as such, we use the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company determines discount rates based on its existing credit rates of its borrowings, which are then adjusted for the appropriate lease term. The right-of-use asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives that are paid or payable to the lessee at commencement. The lease term includes periods covered by the option to extend if it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised and periods covered by an option to terminate if it is reasonably certain that the option will not be exercised.
Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Pensions, Policy
Pension and Postretirement Benefits

We recognize in our Consolidated Balance Sheets an asset or liability reflecting the funded status of pension and other postretirement plans with current-year changes in the funded status, that would otherwise be recognized in AOCI, recorded as a regulatory asset as this can be recovered through future rates. All plan assets are recorded at
fair value. We follow the measurement date provisions of the accounting guidance, which require a year-end measurement date of plan assets and obligations for all defined benefit plans.

We account for and disclose pension and postretirement benefits in accordance with the provisions of GAAP relating to the accounting for pension and other postretirement plans. These GAAP provisions require the use of assumptions, such as the discount rate for liabilities and long-term rate of return on assets, in determining the obligations, annual cost and funding requirements of the plans. Consistent with the requirements of ASC 715, we apply a disaggregated discount rate approach for determining service cost and interest cost for our defined benefit pension plans and postretirement plans.
See Note 8, "Benefit Plans" for more information.
Revenue Recognition, Revenue Reductions
Revenue Recognition

Revenue related to the sale of energy is generally recognized when service is rendered or energy is delivered to customers. However, the determination of the energy sales to individual customers is based on the reading of their meters, which occurs on a systematic basis throughout the month. At the end of each month, amounts of energy delivered to certain customers since the date of the last meter reading are estimated and the corresponding unbilled revenue is accrued. In making its estimates of unbilled revenue, AES Indiana uses models that consider various factors including daily generation volumes; known amounts of energy usage by nearly all residential, commercial and industrial customers; and estimated customer rates based on prior period billings. Given the use of these models, and that customers are billed on a monthly cycle, we believe it is unlikely that materially different results will occur in future periods when revenue is billed. An allowance for potential credit losses is maintained and amounts are written off when normal collection efforts have been exhausted. Our provision for expected credit losses included in “Operating expenses - Operation and maintenance” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations was $7.5 million, $5.9 million and $3.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

AES Indiana’s basic rates include a provision for fuel costs as established in AES Indiana’s most recent rate proceeding, which last adjusted AES Indiana’s rates in December 2018. AES Indiana is permitted to recover actual costs of purchased power and fuel consumed, subject to certain restrictions. This is accomplished through quarterly FAC proceedings, in which AES Indiana estimates the amount of fuel and purchased power costs in future periods. Through these proceedings, AES Indiana is also permitted to recover, in future rates, underestimated fuel and purchased power costs from prior periods, subject to certain restrictions, and therefore the over or underestimated costs are deferred or accrued and amortized into fuel expense in the same period that AES Indiana’s rates are adjusted. See also Note 2, “Regulatory Matters” for a discussion of other costs that AES Indiana is permitted to recover through periodic rate adjustment proceedings and the status of current rate adjustment proceedings.

In addition, we are one of many transmission system owner members of MISO, a RTO which maintains functional control over the combined transmission systems of its members and manages one of the largest energy markets in the U.S. See Note 13, "Revenue" for additional information of MISO sales and other revenue streams.
Credit Loss, Financial Instrument
The following table is a rollforward of our allowance for credit losses related to the accounts receivable balances for the periods indicated:

For the Years Ended December 31,
20232022
(In Thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
     Beginning balance$1,117 $647 
     Current period provision7,413 5,851 
     Write-offs charged against allowance
(7,764)(7,008)
     Recoveries collected1,517 1,627 
           Ending Balance$2,283 $1,117 

The allowance for credit losses primarily relates to utility customer receivables, including unbilled amounts. Expected credit loss estimates are developed by disaggregating customers into those with similar credit risk
characteristics and using historical credit loss experience. In addition, we also consider how current and future economic conditions are expected to impact collectability, as applicable, of our receivable balance. Amounts are written off when reasonable collections efforts have been exhausted.
Indianapolis Power And Light Company  
Entity Information [Line Items]  
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at original cost as defined for regulatory purposes. The cost of additions to property, plant and equipment and replacements of retirement units of property are charged to plant accounts. Units of property replaced or abandoned in the ordinary course of business are retired from the plant accounts at cost; such amounts, less salvage, are charged to accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed by the straight-line method based on functional rates approved by the IURC and averaged 3.7%, 3.8% and 3.7% during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense was $244.8 million, $247.5 million, and $239.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. "Depreciation and amortization" expense on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations is presented net of regulatory deferrals of depreciation expense and also includes amortization of intangible assets and amortization of previously deferred regulatory costs.
Schedule of Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Table Text Block]
The following table summarizes our accounts receivable balances at December 31:
 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Accounts receivable, net
     Customer receivables$125,715 $125,540 
     Unbilled revenue91,463 74,488 
     Amounts due from related parties5,227 288 
     Other13,848 17,373 
     Allowance for credit losses(2,283)(1,117)
           Total accounts receivable, net$233,970 $216,572 
Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Intangible Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets primarily include capitalized software and project development intangible assets amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives. The following table presents information related to the Company's intangible assets, including the gross amount capitalized and related amortization:

December 31,
$ in thousands
Weighted average amortization periods (in years)
2023
2022
Capitalized software
8$261,872 $205,910 
Project development intangible assets
2884,097 39,455 
Other
Various
797 797 
Less: Accumulated amortization
(111,110)(107,184)
Intangible assets - net
$235,656 $138,978 
For the Years Ended December 31,
202320222021
Amortization expense
$14,570 $10,122 $11,241 
Estimated future amortization
Years ending December 31,
2024$20,764 
202520,764 
202622,550 
202722,550 
202822,550 
Total
$109,178 
Principles of Consolidation
Principles of Consolidation

AES Indiana’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and in conjunction with the rules and regulations of the SEC. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of AES Indiana and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Furthermore, VIEs in which the Company has an ownership interest and is the primary beneficiary, thus controlling the VIE, as described below, have been consolidated. All intercompany items have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain costs for shared resources amongst AES Indiana and IPALCO, such as labor and benefits, are allocated to each entity based on allocation methodologies that management believes to be reasonable. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date this report is issued.

If AES Indiana enters into transactions impacting equity interests in its affiliates, AES Indiana must determine whether the transaction impacts the Company's consolidation conclusion by first determining whether the transaction should be evaluated under the variable interest model or the voting model. In determining which
consolidation model applies to the transaction, AES Indiana is required to make judgments about how the entity operates, the most significant of which are whether (i) the entity has sufficient equity to finance its activities, (ii) the equity holders, as a group, have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, and (iii) whether the entity has non-substantive voting rights. If the entity is determined to be a variable interest entity and AES Indiana is determined to have power and benefits, the entity will be consolidated by AES Indiana.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests are classified as a separate component of equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity. Additionally, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests is reflected separately from consolidated net income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Any change in ownership of a subsidiary while the controlling financial interest is retained is accounted for as an equity transaction between the controlling and noncontrolling interests. Losses continue to be attributed to the noncontrolling interests, even when the noncontrolling interests' basis has been reduced to zero.

Allocation of Earnings

Hardy Hills JV is subject to profit-sharing arrangements where the allocation of earnings, cash distributions, and tax benefits are not based on fixed ownership percentages. This arrangement exists to designate different allocations of value among the investors, where the allocations change in form or percentage over the life of the partnership. AES Indiana uses the HLBV method when it is a reasonable approximation of the profit-sharing arrangement. The HLBV method calculates the proceeds that would be attributable to each partner based on the liquidation provisions of the respective operating partnership agreement if the partnership was to be liquidated at book value at the balance sheet date. Each partner’s share of income in the period is equal to the change in the amount of net equity they are legally able to claim based on a hypothetical liquidation of the entity at the end of a reporting period compared to the beginning of that period, adjusted for any capital transactions (for further discussion about the Equity Capital Contribution Agreement, see Note 2, "Regulatory Matters - IRP Filings and Replacement Generation").

The HLBV method is used to calculate the earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest when the business is consolidated by AES Indiana. In the early months of operations of a renewable generation facility where HLBV results in a significant decrease in the hypothetical liquidation proceeds attributable to the tax equity investor due to the recognition of investment tax credits ("ITCs") or other adjustments as required by the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Company records the impact (sometimes referred to as the ‘Day one gain’) to income in the same period.
Use of Management Estimates
Use of Management Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires that management make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. The reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period may also be affected by the estimates and assumptions management is required to make. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include: recognition of revenue including unbilled revenue; the carrying value of property, plant and equipment; the valuation of insurance and claims liabilities; the valuation of allowances for credit losses and deferred income taxes; regulatory assets and liabilities; liabilities recorded for income tax exposures; litigation; contingencies; and assets and liabilities related to AROs and employee benefits.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]
Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. All highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash includes cash which is restricted as to withdrawal or usage. The nature of the restrictions includes restrictions imposed by agreements related to deposits held as collateral.
The following table provides a summary of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash amounts reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that reconcile to the total of such amounts as shown on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
     Cash and cash equivalents$25,767 $199,103 
     Restricted cash (included in Prepayments and other current assets)
          Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$25,772 $199,108 
Revenues and Accounts Receivable
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses
The following table summarizes our accounts receivable balances at December 31:
 As of December 31,
 20232022
 (In Thousands)
Accounts receivable, net
     Customer receivables$125,715 $125,540 
     Unbilled revenue91,463 74,488 
     Amounts due from related parties5,227 288 
     Other13,848 17,373 
     Allowance for credit losses(2,283)(1,117)
           Total accounts receivable, net$233,970 $216,572 
Contingencies
Contingencies

AES Indiana accrues for loss contingencies when the amount of the loss is probable and estimable. AES Indiana is subject to various environmental regulations and is involved in certain legal proceedings. If AES Indiana’s actual environmental and/or legal obligations are different from our estimates, the recognition of the actual amounts may have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows; although that has not been
the case during the periods covered by this report. Accruals for loss contingencies were not material as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. See Note 10, "Commitments and Contingencies - Contingencies" for additional information.
Concentration of Risk
Concentrations of Risk
 
Substantially all of AES Indiana’s customers are located within the Indianapolis area. Approximately 68% of AES Indiana’s employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements in two bargaining units: a physical unit and a clerical-technical unit. AES Indiana’s contract with the physical unit expires on December 4, 2024, and the contract with the clerical-technical unit expires February 12, 2026. Additionally, AES Indiana has long-term coal contracts with one supplier, and substantially all of AES Indiana's coal is currently mined in the state of Indiana.
Allowance For Funds Used During Construction
AFUDC

In accordance with the Uniform System of Accounts prescribed by FERC, AES Indiana capitalizes an allowance for the net cost of funds (interest on borrowed funds and a reasonable rate of return on equity funds) used for construction purposes during the period of construction with a corresponding credit to income. AES Indiana capitalized amounts using pretax composite rates of 7.1%, 5.4% and 5.7% during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. AFUDC equity and AFUDC debt were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

 202320222021
 (In Thousands)
AFUDC equity$9,315 $4,784 $5,412 
AFUDC debt$13,739 $8,215 $4,815 
Derivatives
Financial Derivatives

All derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheets and are measured at fair value. Changes in the fair value are recorded in earnings unless the derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge of a forecasted transaction or it qualifies for the normal purchases and sales exception.
AES Indiana has contracts involving the physical delivery of energy and fuel. Because some of these contracts qualify for the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in ASC 815, AES Indiana has elected to account for them as accrual contracts, which are not adjusted for changes in fair value. AES Indiana has or previously had FTRs and forward power contracts that do not qualify for hedge accounting or the normal purchases and sales exceptions under ASC 815. Accordingly, FTRs are recorded at fair value when acquired and subsequently amortized over the annual period as they are used. FTRs are initially recorded at fair value using the income approach. The forward power contracts are recorded at fair value with changes in the fair value charged or credited to the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the change occurred. Forward power contracts are fair valued using the market approach.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment of Long-lived Assets

GAAP requires that AES Indiana test long-lived assets for impairment when indicators of impairment exist. If an asset is deemed to be impaired, AES Indiana is required to write down the asset to its fair value with a charge to
current earnings. The net book value of AES Indiana’s property, plant, and equipment was $4.5 billion and $4.0 billion as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, AES Indiana had $259.9 million and $287.5 million, respectively, of long-term regulatory assets associated with Petersburg Unit 1 and 2 retirement costs (for further discussion, see Note 2, “Regulatory Matters - IRP Filings and Replacement Generation” and Note 3, "Property, Plant and Equipment"). AES Indiana does not believe any of these assets are currently impaired. In making this assessment, AES Indiana considers such factors as: the overall condition and generating and distribution capacity of the assets; the expected ability to recover additional expenditures in the assets; the anticipated demand and relative pricing of retail electricity in its service territory and wholesale electricity in the region; and the cost of fuel.
Pension and Postretirement Benefits
Pension and Postretirement Benefits

AES Indiana recognizes in its Consolidated Balance Sheets an asset or liability reflecting the funded status of pension and other postretirement plans with current-year changes in the funded status, that would otherwise be recognized in AOCI, recorded as a regulatory asset as this can be recovered through future rates. All plan assets are recorded at fair value. AES Indiana follows the measurement date provisions of the accounting guidance, which require a year-end measurement date of plan assets and obligations for all defined benefit plans.

AES Indiana accounts for and discloses pension and postretirement benefits in accordance with the provisions of GAAP relating to the accounting for pension and other postretirement plans. These GAAP provisions require the use of assumptions, such as the discount rate for liabilities and long-term rate of return on assets, in determining the obligations, annual cost and funding requirements of the plans. Consistent with the requirements of ASC 715, AES Indiana applies a disaggregated discount rate approach for determining service cost and interest cost for its defined benefit pension plans and postretirement plans.
Repair and Maintenance Costs
Repair and Maintenance Costs

Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.
Per Share Data
Per Share Data

IPALCO owns all of the outstanding common stock of AES Indiana. AES Indiana does not report earnings on a per-share basis.