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FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
U.S. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value, and identifies three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1    Unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets. Level 1 fair values generally are supported by market transactions that occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
Level 2    Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar instruments, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and inputs to model-derived valuations that are directly observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3    Unobservable inputs supported by little or no market activity and often requiring significant management judgment or estimation, such as an entity’s own assumptions about the cash flows or other significant components of value that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The Company uses unadjusted quoted market prices to measure fair value for those instruments that are actively traded in financial markets. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured using present value or other valuation techniques. The fair value determinations are made at a specific point in time, based on available market information and judgments about the financial instrument, including estimates of the timing and amount of expected future cash flows and the credit standing of counterparties. Such adjustments do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument, nor do they consider the tax impact of the realization of unrealized gains or losses. In many cases, the fair value cannot be substantiated by direct comparison to independent markets, nor can the disclosed value be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument.
Management is responsible for the determination of the value of investments carried at fair value and the supporting methodologies and assumptions. Under the terms of various service agreements, the Company often utilizes independent valuation service providers to gather, analyze, and interpret market information and derive fair values based upon relevant methodologies and assumptions for individual securities. These independent valuation service providers typically obtain data about market transactions and other key valuation model inputs from multiple sources and, through the use of widely accepted valuation models, provide a single fair value measurement for individual securities for which a fair value has been requested. As further described below with respect to specific asset classes, these inputs include, but are not limited to, market prices for recent trades and transactions in comparable securities, benchmark yields, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, quoted prices for similar securities, and other market-observable information, as applicable. Specific attributes of the security being valued also are considered, including its term, interest rate, credit rating, industry sector, and when applicable, collateral quality and other security- or issuer-specific information. When insufficient market observable information is available upon which to measure fair value, the Company either will request brokers knowledgeable about these securities to provide a non-binding quote or will employ internal valuation models. Fair values received from independent valuation service providers and brokers and those internally modeled or otherwise estimated are assessed for reasonableness.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Fair value measurements are required on a non-recurring basis for certain assets only when an impairment or other events occur. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, no assets or liabilities were required to be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.
Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2022
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
 (in millions)
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturities, AFS:
Corporate (1)$— $37,360 $2,103 $39,463 
U.S. Treasury, government and agency— 5,738 — 5,738 
States and political subdivisions— 442 29 471 
Foreign governments— 836 — 836 
Residential mortgage-backed (2)— 777 — 777 
Asset-backed (3)— 8,449 — 8,449 
Commercial mortgage-backed— 3,138 32 3,170 
Redeemable preferred stock— 43 — 43 
Total fixed maturities, AFS— 56,783 2,164 58,947 
Other equity investments137 478 12 627 
Trading securities160 123 — 283 
Other invested assets:
Short-term investments— 485 — 485 
Assets of consolidated VIEs/VOEs— — 5 5 
Swaps— (416)— (416)
Credit default swaps— (2)— (2)
Options— 4,153 — 4,153 
Total other invested assets— 4,220 

5 

4,225 
Cash equivalents397 258 — 655 
Amounts due from reinsurer (5)— — 4,114 4,114 
GMIB reinsurance contracts asset— — 1,306 1,306 
Separate Accounts assets (4)108,378 2,429 1 110,808 
Total Assets$109,072 $64,291 $7,602 $180,965 
Liabilities:
GMxB derivative features’ liability$— $— $5,773 $5,773 
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features’ liability— 4,077 — 4,077 
Total Liabilities$— $4,077 $5,773 $9,850 
______________
(1)Corporate fixed maturities includes both public and private issues.
(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.
(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, credit risk transfer securities and other asset types.
(4)Separate Accounts assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate. As of December 31, 2022 the fair value of such investments was $456 million.
(5)This represents GMIB NLG ceded reserves related to Venerable Transaction. See Note 1 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of the Venerable Transaction.
Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2021
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
 
(in millions)
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturities, AFS:
Corporate (1)$— $46,231 $1,493 $47,724 
U.S. Treasury, government and agency— 15,214 — 15,214 
States and political subdivisions— 562 35 597 
Foreign governments— 1,152 — 1,152 
Residential mortgage-backed (2)— 90 — 90 
Asset-backed (3)— 5,897 8 5,905 
Commercial mortgage-backed— 2,321 20 2,341 
Redeemable preferred stock— 53 — 53 
Total fixed maturities, AFS— 71,520 1,556 73,076 
Other equity investments243 434 5 682 
Trading securities193 186 — 379 
Other invested assets:
Short-term investments— — — — 
Assets of consolidated VIEs/VOEs— — 8 8 
Swaps— (469)— (469)
Credit default swaps— (1)— (1)
Options— 6,956 — 6,956 
Total other invested assets— 6,486 8 6,494 
Cash equivalents1,109 273 — 1,382 
Amounts due from reinsurer (5)
— — 5,813 5,813 
GMIB reinsurance contracts asset— — 2,068 2,068 
Separate Accounts assets (4)140,740 2,565 1 143,306 
Total Assets$142,285 $81,464 $9,451 $233,200 
Liabilities:
GMxB derivative features’ liability$— $— $8,525 $8,525 
SCS, SIO, MSO and IUL indexed features’ liability— 6,641 — 6,641 
Total Liabilities$— $6,641 $8,525 $15,166 
______________
(1)Corporate fixed maturities includes both public and private issues.
(2)Includes publicly traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized obligations.
(3)Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages and other asset types and credit tenant loans.
(4)Separate Accounts assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude investments in entities that calculate NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. Such investments excluded from the fair value hierarchy include investments in real estate and commercial mortgages. As of December 31, 2021 the fair value of such investments was $404 million.
(5)This represents GMIB NLG ceded reserves related to the Venerable Transaction. See Note 1 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of the Venerable Transaction.

Public Fixed Maturities
The fair values of the Company’s public fixed maturities are generally based on prices obtained from independent valuation service providers and for which the Company maintains a vendor hierarchy by asset type based on historical pricing experience and vendor expertise. Although each security generally is priced by multiple independent valuation service providers, the Company ultimately uses the price received from the independent valuation service provider highest in the vendor hierarchy based on the respective asset type, with limited exception. To validate reasonableness, prices also are internally reviewed by those with relevant expertise through comparison with directly observed recent
market trades. Consistent with the fair value hierarchy, public fixed maturities validated in this manner generally are reflected within Level 2, as they are primarily based on observable pricing for similar assets and/or other market observable inputs.
Private Fixed Maturities
The fair values of the Company’s private fixed maturities are determined from prices obtained from independent valuation service providers. Prices not obtained from an independent valuation service provider are determined by using a discounted cash flow model or a market comparable company valuation technique. In certain cases, these models use observable inputs with a discount rate based upon the average of spread surveys collected from private market intermediaries who are active in both primary and secondary transactions, taking into account, among other factors, the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer and the reduced liquidity associated with private placements. Generally, these securities have been reflected within Level 2. For certain private fixed maturities, the discounted cash flow model or a market comparable company valuation technique may also incorporate unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the inputs market participants would use in pricing the asset. To the extent management determines that such unobservable inputs are significant to the fair value measurement of a security, a Level 3 classification generally is made.
Freestanding Derivative Positions
The net fair value of the Company’s freestanding derivative positions as disclosed in Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements are generally based on prices obtained either from independent valuation service providers or derived by applying market inputs from recognized vendors into industry standard pricing models. The majority of these derivative contracts are traded in the OTC derivative market and are classified in Level 2. The fair values of derivative assets and liabilities traded in the OTC market are determined using quantitative models that require use of the contractual terms of the derivative instruments and multiple market inputs, including interest rates, prices, and indices to generate continuous yield or pricing curves, including overnight index swap curves, and volatility factors, which then are applied to value the positions. The predominance of market inputs is actively quoted and can be validated through external sources or reliably interpolated if less observable.
Level Classifications of the Company’s Financial Instruments
Financial Instruments Classified as Level 1
Investments classified as Level 1 primarily include redeemable preferred stock, trading securities, cash equivalents and Separate Accounts assets. Fair value measurements classified as Level 1 include exchange-traded prices of fixed maturities, equity securities and derivative contracts, and net asset values for transacting subscriptions and redemptions of mutual fund shares held by Separate Accounts. Cash equivalents classified as Level 1 include money market accounts, overnight commercial paper and highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less and are carried at cost as a proxy for fair value measurement due to their short-term nature.
Financial Instruments Classified as Level 2
Investments classified as Level 2 are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and primarily include U.S. government and agency securities and certain corporate debt securities, such as public and private fixed maturities. As market quotes generally are not readily available or accessible for these securities, their fair value measures are determined utilizing relevant information generated by market transactions involving comparable securities and often are based on model pricing techniques that effectively discount prospective cash flows to present value using appropriate sector-adjusted credit spreads commensurate with the security’s duration, also taking into consideration issuer-specific credit quality and liquidity.
Observable inputs generally used to measure the fair value of securities classified as Level 2 include benchmark yields, reported secondary trades, issuer spreads, benchmark securities and other reference data. Additional observable inputs are used when available, and as may be appropriate, for certain security types, such as prepayment, default, and collateral information for the purpose of measuring the fair value of mortgage- and asset-backed securities. The Company’s AAA-rated mortgage- and asset-backed securities are classified as Level 2 for which the observability of market inputs to their pricing models is supported by sufficient, albeit more recently contracted, market activity in these sectors.
Certain Company products, such as the SCS, EQUI-VEST variable annuity products, IUL and the MSO fund available in some life contracts offer investment options which permit the contract owner to participate in the performance of an
index, ETF or commodity price. These investment options, which depending on the product and on the index selected can currently have one, three, five or six year terms, provide for participation in the performance of specified indices, ETF or commodity price movement up to a segment-specific declared maximum rate. Under certain conditions that vary by product, e.g., holding these segments for the full term, these segments also shield policyholders from some or all negative investment performance associated with these indices, ETF or commodity prices. These investment options have defined formulaic liability amounts, and the current values of the option component of these segment reserves are classified as Level 2 embedded derivatives. The fair values of these embedded derivatives are based on data obtained from independent valuation service providers.
Financial Instruments Classified as Level 3
The Company’s investments classified as Level 3 primarily include corporate debt securities, such as private fixed maturities and asset-backed securities. Determinations to classify fair value measures within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy generally are based upon the significance of the unobservable factors to the overall fair value measurement. Included in the Level 3 classification are fixed maturities with indicative pricing obtained from brokers that otherwise could not be corroborated to market observable data.
The Company also issues certain benefits on its variable annuity products that are accounted for as derivatives and are also considered Level 3. The GMIB NLG feature allows the policyholder to receive guaranteed minimum lifetime annuity payments based on predetermined annuity purchase rates applied to the contract’s benefit base if and when the contract account value is depleted and the NLG feature is activated. The GMWB feature allows the policyholder to withdraw at minimum, over the life of the contract, an amount based on the contract’s benefit base. The GWBL feature allows the policyholder to withdraw, each year for the life of the contract, a specified annual percentage of an amount based on the contract’s benefit base. The GMAB feature increases the contract account value at the end of a specified period to a GMAB base. The GIB feature provides a lifetime annuity based on predetermined annuity purchase rates if and when the contract account value is depleted. This lifetime annuity is based on predetermined annuity purchase rates applied to a GIB base.
Level 3 also includes the GMIB reinsurance contract assets which are accounted for as derivative contracts. The GMIB reinsurance contract asset and liabilities’ fair value reflects the present value of reinsurance premiums, net of recoveries, and risk margins over a range of market consistent economic scenarios while GMxB derivative features liability reflects the present value of expected future payments (benefits) less fees, adjusted for risk margins and nonperformance risk, attributable to GMxB derivative features’ liability over a range of market-consistent economic scenarios.
Also included are the Amounts due from Reinsurers related to the GMIB NLG product features (GMIB NLG Reinsurance). The fair value reflects the present value of reinsurance premiums, net of recoveries, adjusted for risk margins and nonperformance risk over a range of market consistent economic scenarios.
The valuations of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, GMIB NLG Reinsurance and GMxB derivative features liability incorporate significant non-observable assumptions related to policyholder behavior, risk margins and equity projections of Separate Account funds. The credit risks of the counterparty and of the Company are considered in determining the fair values of its GMIB reinsurance contract asset, GMIB NLG Reinsurance and GMxB derivative features liability positions, respectively, after taking into account the effects of collateral arrangements. Incremental adjustment to the U.S. Treasury curve for non-performance risk is made to the fair values of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, GMIB NLG Reinsurance and GMIB NLG feature to reflect the claims-paying ratings of counterparties and the Company. Due to the unique, long duration of the GMIB NLG feature and GMIB NLG Reinsurance, risk margins were applied to the non-capital markets inputs to the GMIB NLG valuations.
After giving consideration to collateral arrangements, the Company reduced the fair value of its GMIB reinsurance contract asset by $92 million and $148 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, to recognize incremental counterparty non-performance risk.
After giving consideration to collateral arrangements, the Company reduced the fair value of its Amounts due from Reinsurers by $151 million and $210 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021 to recognize incremental counterparty non-performance risk.
Lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on a comparison of the actuarial calculated guaranteed values and the current policyholder account value, which include other factors such as considering surrender charges. Generally, lapse rates are assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. A dynamic lapse function reduces the
base lapse rate when the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value as in the money contracts are less likely to lapse. For valuing the embedded derivative, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected.
The Company’s consolidated VIEs/VOEs hold investments that are classified as Level 3, primarily corporate bonds that are vendor priced with no ratings available, bank loans, non-agency collateralized mortgage obligations and asset-backed securities.
Transfers of Financial Instruments Between Levels 2 and 3
During the year ended December 31, 2022, fixed maturities with fair values of $121 million were transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 2 principally due to the availability of trading activity and/or market observable inputs to measure and validate their fair values. In addition, fixed maturities with fair value of $168 million were transferred from Level 2 into the Level 3 classification. These transfers in the aggregate represent approximately 19.8% of total equity as of December 31, 2022.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, fixed maturities with fair values of $713 million were transferred out of Level 3 and into Level 2 principally due to the availability of trading activity and/or market observable inputs to measure and validate their fair values. In addition, fixed maturities with fair value of $27 million were transferred from Level 2 into the Level 3 classification. These transfers in the aggregate represent approximately 8.5% of total equity as of December 31, 2021.
The tables below present reconciliations for all Level 3 assets and liabilities and changes in unrealized gains (losses) for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
CorporateState and Political SubdivisionsCMBSAsset-backed
(in millions)
Balance, January 1, 2022$1,493 $35 $20 $8 
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)5 — — — 
Investment gains (losses), net(5)— — — 
Subtotal— — — — 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(157)(5)(2)— 
Purchases1,093 — 14 — 
Sales(379)(1)— (2)
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs— — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (1)168 — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (1)(115)— — (6)
Balance, December 31, 2022$2,103 $29 $32 $— 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)$— $— $— $— 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)$(154)$(5)$(2)$— 
Balance, January 1, 2021$1,687 $39 $— $20 
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)5 — — — 
Investment gains (losses), net(16)— — — 
Subtotal(11)— — — 
Other comprehensive income (loss)34 (2)— — 
Purchases937 — 20 6 
Sales(468)(2)— (18)
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs— — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (1)27 — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (1)(713)— — — 
Balance, December 31, 2021$1,493 $35 $20 $8 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)$— $— $— $— 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)$28 $(2)$— $— 
Balance, January 1, 2020$1,246 $39 $— $100 
Total gains and (losses), realized and unrealized, included in:
Net income (loss) as:
Net investment income (loss)4 — — — 
Investment gains (losses), net(16)— — — 
Subtotal(12)— — — 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(17)2 — — 
Purchases513 — — 20 
Sales(224)(2)— — 
Transfers into Level 3 (1)184 — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (1)(3)— — (100)
Balance, December 31, 2020$1,687 $39 $— $20 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)$— $— $— $— 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (2)$(18)$2 $— $— 
_______________
(1)Transfers into/out of the Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.
(2)For instruments held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, amounts are included in net investment income or net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss) or unrealized gains (losses) on investments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Other Equity Investments (6)Amounts Due from ReinsurersGMIB Reinsurance Contract AssetSeparate Accounts AssetsGMxB Derivative Features Liability
(in millions)
Balance, January 1, 2022$13 $5,813 $2,068 $1 $(8,525)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses), included in Net income (loss) as:
Investment gains (losses), reported in net investment income(1)— — — — 
Net derivative gains (losses) (1)— (1,706)(726)— 3,062 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)(1)

(1,706)(726)

— 

3,062 
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — 
Purchases (2)8 123 41 — (456)
Sales (3)— (116)(77)— 146 
Change of estimate— — — — — 
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs(3)— — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (4)— — — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)— — — — — 
Balance, December 31, 2022$17 $4,114 $1,306 $1 $(5,773)
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (5)$(1)$(1,706)$(726)$— $3,062 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (5)$— $— $— $— $— 
Balance, January 1, 2021$15 $— $2,859 $1 $(10,936)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses), included in Net income (loss) as:
Investment gains (losses), reported in net investment income2 — — — — 
Net derivative gains (losses) — 517 (777)— 2,792 
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)2 

517 (777)

— 

2,792 
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — 
Purchases (2)1 73 44 1 (458)
Sales (3)(1)(36)(58)— 77 
Other— 5,259 — — — 
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs(4)— — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (4)— — — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)— — (1)— 
Balance, December 31, 2021$13 $5,813 $2,068 $1 $(8,525)
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (5)$2 $517 $(777)$— $2,792 
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (5)$— $— $— $— $— 
Balance, January 1, 2020$16 $— $2,466 $— $(8,316)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses), included in Net income (loss) as:
Investment gains (losses), reported in net investment income— — — — — 
Net derivative gains (losses)— — 472 — (2,238)
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses)— — 472 — (2,238)
Other comprehensive income (loss)— — — — — 
Purchases (2)3 — 45 1 (441)
Sales (3)— — (79)— 59 
Change in estimate— — (45)— — 
Activity related to consolidated VIEs/VOEs(4)— — — — 
Transfers into Level 3 (4)— — — — — 
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)— — — — — 
Balance, December 31, 2020$15 $— $2,859 $1 $(10,936)
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (5)$— $— $472 $— $(2,238)
Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for instruments held at the end of the reporting period (5)$— $— $— $— $— 
_______________
(1)For the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s non-performance risk impact of $522 million, ($217) million and ($758) million for the GMxB Derivative Features Liability ($45) million, ($26) million and $14 million for the GMIB Reinsurance Contract Asset, and ($60) million, $19 million and $0 million for the Amounts due from Reinsurers, respectively, is recorded through Net derivative gains (losses).
(2)For the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, Amounts Due from Reinsurers and GMxB derivative features liability, represents attributed fee.
(3)For the GMIB reinsurance contract asset and Amounts Due from Reinsurers, represents recoveries from reinsurers and for GMxB derivative features liability represents benefits paid.
(4)Transfers into/out of the Level 3 classification are reflected at beginning-of-period fair values.
(5)For instruments held as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, amounts are included in net investment income or net derivative gains (losses) in the consolidated statements of income (loss) or unrealized gains (losses) on investments in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
(6)Other Equity Investments include other invested assets.
Quantitative and Qualitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The following tables disclose quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements by category for assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2022
Fair
Value		Valuation TechniqueSignificant
Unobservable Input		RangeWeighted Average (2)
(in millions)
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturities, AFS:
Corporate$413 Matrix pricing model
Spread over Benchmark
20 bps - 797 bps
204 bps
1,029 Market  comparable  companies
EBITDA multiples
Discount Rate
Cash flow Multiples
Loan to Value
5.3x - 35.8x
9.0% - 45.7%
0.0x - 10.3x
0.0% - 40.4%
13.6x
11.9%
6.1x
12.0%
Other equity investments4 Market  comparable  companies
Revenue multiple
0.5x - 10.8x
2.4x
Fair
Value		Valuation TechniqueSignificant
Unobservable Input		RangeWeighted Average (2)
GMIB reinsurance contract asset1,306 Discounted cash flow
Lapse rates
Withdrawal Rates
GMIB Utilization Rates
Non-performance risk
Volatility rates - Equity
Mortality: Ages 0-40
Ages 41-60
Ages 61-115
0.26% - 26.23%
0.06% - 10.93%
0.04% - 62.30%
69 bps - 133 bps
14% - 32%
0.01% - 0.17%
0.06% - 0.52%
0.32% - 40.00%
3.05%
0.99%
5.40%
70 bps
24%
3.09%
(same for all ages)
(same for all ages)
Amount Due from Reinsurers
4,114 Discounted Cash Flow
Lapse rates
Withdrawal Rates
GMIB Utilization Rates
Non-performance risk (bps)
Volatility rates - Equity
Mortality: Ages 0-40
Ages 41-60
Ages 61-115
0.26% - 26.23%
0.06% - 10.93%
0.04% - 62.30%
51 bps
14% - 32%
0.01% - 0.17%
0.06% - 0.52%
0.32% - 40.00%
2.01%
1.32%
7.95%
51 bps
24%
2.33%
(same for all ages)
(same for all ages)
Liabilities:
GMIB NLG5,770 Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse
Withdrawal
Annuitization
Mortality (1): Ages 0-40
Ages 41-60
Ages 61-115

147 bps
0.26% - 35.42%
0.06% - 10.93%
0.04% - 100.00%
0.01% - 0.18%
0.07% - 0.54%
0.42% - 41.42%

147 bps
4.26%
1.25%
5.95%
1.73%
(same for all ages)
(same for all ages)
GWBL/GMWB70 Discounted cash flow
Lapse rates
Withdrawal Rates
Utilization Rates
Volatility rates - Equity
Non-performance risk
0.35% - 26.23%
0.00% - 8.00%
100% once starting
14% - 32%
147 bps
3.05%
0.99%

24%
GIB(65)Discounted cash flow
Lapse rates
Withdrawal Rates
Utilization Rates
Volatility rates - Equity
Non-performance risk
0.35% - 26.23%
0.20% - 1.24%
0.04% - 100.00%
14% - 32%
147 bps
3.05%
0.99%
5.40%
24%
GMAB(2)Discounted cash flow
Lapse rates
Volatility rates - Equity
Non-performance risk

0.35% - 26.23%
14% - 32%
147 bps
3.05%
24%
______________
(1)Mortality rates vary by age and demographic characteristic such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on a combination of company and industry experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuating the embedded derivatives.
(2)For lapses, withdrawals, and utilizations the rates were weighted by counts, for mortality weighted average rates are shown for all ages combined and for withdrawals the weighted averages were based on an estimated split of partial withdrawal and dollar-for-dollar withdrawals.
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2021
Fair
Value
Valuation Technique
Significant
Unobservable Input
Range
Weighted Average (2)
(in millions)
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturities, AFS:
Corporate$248 Matrix pricing model
Spread over benchmark
20 - 270 bps
146 bps
888 Market comparable companies
EBITDA multiples
Discount rate
Cash flow multiples
Loan to Value
4.9x - 62.3x
6.2% - 21.5%
0.5x -10.0x
3.1%-63.4%
13.0x
9.1%
5.5x
30.8%
Other equity investments4 Market  comparable  companies
Revenue multiple
7.8x - 10.3x
9.5x
GMIB reinsurance contract asset2,068 Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse rates
Withdrawal rates
Utilization rates
Volatility rates - Equity
Mortality rates (1):
Ages 0 - 40
Ages 41 - 60
Ages 61 - 115
57 bps - 93 bps
0.45%-20.86%
0.27%-8.66%
0.04%-60.44%
11%-31%

0.01%-0.17%
0.06%-0.53%
0.31%-40.00%
60 bps
2.65%
0.93%
5.27%
24%

2.79%
(same for all ages)
(same for all ages)
Amount Due from Reinsurers5,813 Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse rates
Withdrawal rates
Utilization rates
Volatility rates - Equity
Mortality rates (1):
Ages 0 - 40
Ages 41 - 60
Ages 61 - 115
37 bps
0.45%-20.86%
0.27%-8.66%
0.04%-60.44%
11%-31%

0.01%-0.17%
0.06%-0.53%
0.31%-40.00%







37 bps
1.70%
1.18%
7.20%
24%

2.17%
(same for all ages)
(same for all ages)
Liabilities:
GMIB NLG8,503 Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse rates
Withdrawal rates
Annuitization rates
Mortality rates (1):
Ages 0 - 40
Ages 41 - 60
Ages 61 - 115
111 bps
1.04%-23.57%
0.27%-8.66%
0.03%-100.00%

0.01%-0.19%
0.07%-0.57%
0.44%-43.60%
111 bps
3.55%
1.04%
5.24%

1.62%
(same for all ages)
(same for all ages)
GWBL/GMWB99 Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse rates
Withdrawal rates
Utilization rates
Volatility rates - Equity
111 bps
0.60%-20.86%
0.00%-8.00%
100% once starting
11%-31%

2.65%
0.93%

24%
GIB(75)Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse rates
Withdrawal rates
Utilization rates
Volatility rates - Equity
111 bps
0.60%-20.86%
0.13%-8.66%
0.04%-100.00%
11%-31%

2.65%
0.93%
5.27%
24%
GMAB(3)Discounted cash flow
Non-performance risk
Lapse rates
Volatility rates - Equity
111 bps
0.60%-20.86%
11%-31%

2.65%
24%
______________
(1)Mortality rates vary by age and demographic characteristic such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on a combination of company and industry experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuating the embedded derivatives.
(2)For lapses, withdrawals, and utilizations the rates were weighted by counts, for mortality weighted average rates are shown for all ages combined and for withdrawals the weighted averages were based on an estimated split of partial withdrawal and dollar-for-dollar withdrawals.
Level 3 Financial Instruments for which Quantitative Inputs are Not Available
Certain Privately Placed Debt Securities with Limited Trading Activity
Excluded from the tables above as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are approximately $736 million and $430 million of Level 3 fair value measurements of investments for which the underlying quantitative inputs are not developed by the Company and are not readily available. These investments primarily consist of certain privately placed debt securities with limited trading activity, including residential mortgage- and asset-backed instruments, and their fair values generally reflect unadjusted prices obtained from independent valuation service providers and indicative, non-binding quotes obtained from third-party broker-dealers recognized as market participants. Significant increases or decreases in the fair value amounts received from these pricing sources may result in the Company’s reporting significantly higher or lower fair value measurements for these Level 3 investments.
•The fair value of private placement securities is determined by application of a matrix pricing model or a market comparable company value technique. The significant unobservable input to the matrix pricing model valuation technique is the spread over the industry-specific benchmark yield curve. Generally, an increase or
decrease in spreads would lead to directionally inverse movement in the fair value measurements of these securities. The significant unobservable input to the market comparable company valuation technique is the discount rate. Generally, a significant increase (decrease) in the discount rate would result in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements of these securities.
•Residential mortgage-backed securities classified as Level 3 primarily consist of non-agency paper with low trading activity. Included in the tables above as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no Level 3 securities that were determined by application of a matrix pricing model and for which the spread over the U.S. Treasury curve is the most significant unobservable input to the pricing result. Generally, a change in spreads would lead to directionally inverse movement in the fair value measurements of these securities.
•Asset-backed securities classified as Level 3 primarily consist of non-agency mortgage loan trust certificates, including subprime and Alt-A paper, credit risk transfer securities, and equipment financings. Included in the tables above as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no securities that were determined by the application of matrix-pricing for which the spread over the U.S. Treasury curve is the most significant unobservable input to the pricing result. Significant increases (decreases) in spreads would have resulted in significantly lower (higher) fair value measurements.
GMIB Reinsurance Contract Asset, Amounts Due from Reinsurers and GMxB Derivative Features
Significant unobservable inputs with respect to the fair value measurement of the Level 3 GMIB reinsurance contract asset and the Level 3 liabilities identified in the table above are developed using Company data.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s GMIB reinsurance contract asset are lapse rates, withdrawal rates, non-performance risk and GMIB utilization rates. Significant increases in GMIB utilization rates or decreases in lapse or withdrawal rates in isolation would tend to increase the GMIB reinsurance contract asset.
Fair value measurement of the GMIB reinsurance contract asset, GMIB NLG Reinsurance and liabilities includes dynamic lapse and GMIB utilization assumptions whereby projected contractual lapses and GMIB utilization reflect the projected net amount of risks of the contract. As the net amount of risk of a contract increases, the assumed lapse rate decreases and the GMIB utilization increases. Increases in volatility would increase the asset and liabilities.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s GMIB NLG liability and GMIB NLG Reinsurance are lapse rates, withdrawal rates, GMIB utilization rates, adjustment for non-performance risk and NLG forfeiture rates. NLG forfeiture rates are caused by excess withdrawals above the annual GMIB accrual rate that cause the NLG to expire. Significant decreases in lapse rates, NLG forfeiture rates, adjustment for non-performance risk and GMIB utilization rates would tend to increase the GMIB NLG liability and GMIB NLG Reinsurance, while decreases in withdrawal rates and volatility rates would tend to decrease the GMIB NLG liability and GMIB NLG Reinsurance.
The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s GMWB and GWBL liability are lapse rates and withdrawal rates. Significant increases in withdrawal rates or decreases in lapse rates in isolation would tend to increase these liabilities. Increases in volatility would increase these liabilities.
Carrying Value of Financial Instruments Not Otherwise Disclosed in Note 3 and Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements
The carrying values and fair values as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 for financial instruments not otherwise disclosed in Note 3 and Note 4 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in the table below:
Carrying Values and Fair Values for Financial Instruments Not Otherwise Disclosed
 
Carrying
Value
Fair Value
 
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Total
(in millions)
December 31, 2022:
Mortgage loans on real estate$16,464 $— $— $14,675 $14,675 
Policy loans$3,563 $— $— $3,850 $3,850 
Loans to affiliates$1,900 $— $1,755 $— $1,755 
Policyholders’ liabilities: Investment contracts $1,801 $— $— $1,645 $1,645 
FHLB funding agreements $8,505 $— $8,390 $— $8,390 
FABN funding agreements $7,095 $— $6,384 $— $6,384 
Separate Accounts liabilities$10,236 $— $— $10,236 $10,236 
December 31, 2021:
Mortgage loans on real estate$14,016 $— $— $14,291 $14,291 
Policy loans$3,540 $— $— $4,512 $4,512 
Loans to affiliates$1,900 $— $1,974 $— $1,974 
Policyholders’ liabilities: Investment contracts
$1,916 $— $— $1,980 $1,980 
FHLB funding agreements
$6,647 $— $6,679 $— $6,679 
FABN funding agreements$6,689 $— $6,626 $— $6,626 
Separate Accounts liabilities$11,620 $— $— $11,620 $11,620 

Mortgage Loans on Real Estate
Fair values for commercial and agricultural mortgage loans on real estate are measured by discounting future contractual cash flows to be received on the mortgage loan using interest rates at which loans with similar characteristics and credit quality would be made. The discount rate is derived based on the appropriate U.S. Treasury rate with a like term to the remaining term of the loan to which a spread reflective of the risk premium associated with the specific loan is added. Fair values for mortgage loans anticipated to be foreclosed and problem mortgage loans are limited to the fair value of the underlying collateral, if lower.
Policy Loans
The fair value of policy loans is calculated by discounting expected cash flows based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve and historical loan repayment patterns.
Loans to Affiliates
The fair value of loans to affiliates is calculated by matrix or model pricing. The matrix pricing approach to fair value is a discounted cash flow methodology that incorporates market interest rates commensurate with the credit quality and duration of the investment.

FHLB Funding Agreements
The fair values of the Company’s FHLB long term funding agreements’ fair values are determined based on indicative market rates published by FHLB, provided to AB and modeled for each note’s FMV. FHLB Short-term funding agreements’ fair values are reflective of notional/par value plus accrued interest.

FABN Funding Agreements
The fair values of the Company’s FABN funding agreements are determined by Bloomberg’s evaluated pricing service, which uses direct observations or observed comparables.
Policyholder Liabilities - Investment Contracts and Separate Accounts Liabilities
The fair values for deferred annuities and certain annuities, which are included in Policyholders’ account balances and liabilities for investment contracts with fund investments in Separate Accounts are estimated using projected cash flows discounted at rates reflecting current market rates. Significant unobservable inputs reflected in the cash flows include lapse rates and withdrawal rates. Incremental adjustments may be made to the fair value to reflect non-performance risk. Certain other products such as the Company’s association plans contracts, supplementary contracts not involving life contingencies, Access Accounts and Escrow Shield Plus product reserves are held at book value.
Financial Instruments Exempt from Fair Value Disclosure or Otherwise Not Required to be Disclosed
Exempt from Fair Value Disclosure Requirements
Certain financial instruments are exempt from the requirements for fair value disclosure, such as insurance liabilities other than financial guarantees and investment contracts, limited partnerships accounted for under the equity method and pension and other postretirement obligations.
Otherwise Not Required to be Included in the Table Above
The Company’s investment in COLI policies are recorded at their cash surrender value and are therefore not required to be included in the table above. See Note 2 of the Notes to these Consolidated Financial Statements for details of investments in COLI policies.