Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Notes to Financial Statements
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	NOTE 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation, Liquidity and Going Concern – The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the SEC assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company is a clinical-stage biotechnology company with no product sales. The Company’s primary source of financing is from the sale and issuance of common stock as well as funding from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“HHS BARDA”), a division of the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (“ASPR”) within the United States (“U.S.”) Department of Health and Human Services. In the past, the Company has also financed its operations through the issuance of secured debt securities and preferred stock, proceeds from the exercise of warrants, and payments under collaboration and license agreements. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $28.8 million. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and investments are not sufficient to fund the Company’s planned operations for a period of 12 months from the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company will be dependent upon raising additional capital through placement of its common stock, notes or other securities, borrowings, or entering into a partnership with a strategic party in order to implement its business plan. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful raising additional capital in order to continue as a going concern. Based on management’s current plan, including updated assumptions around the continued execution under the 2024 ATI-RRPV Contract, and considering events occurring after the balance-sheet date, the Company reassessed its liquidity and going-concern evaluation. On November 4, 2025, the Company entered into (i) an Exclusive License and Collaboration Agreement (the “License Agreement”) and (ii) a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Dynavax Technologies Corporation (“Dynavax”). Under the License Agreement, the Company granted Dynavax an exclusive, worldwide license to develop and commercialize its investigational oral COVID-19 vaccine candidate. Dynavax agreed to pay the Company an up-front license fee of $25.0 million and, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, to purchase $5.0 million of the Company’s common stock at $0.45 per share. The Company received a total of approximately $30.0 million from these transactions. See Note 12. Together with the Company’s updated operating plan and ongoing cost-management initiatives, these proceeds extend the Company’s cash runway into the second quarter of 2027. Accordingly, management concluded that the conditions and events that previously raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern have been alleviated. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024, included in this document, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to these rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and footnotes related thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 20, 2025 (the “Annual Report”). Unless noted below, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations and cash flows. The results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any future periods. Basis of Consolidation – The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Vaxart, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant transactions and balances between Vaxart, Inc. and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results and outcomes could differ from these estimates and assumptions. Concentration of Credit Risk – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale investments and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments at financial institutions that the Company believes are of high credit quality. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions holding the cash and cash equivalents to the extent such amounts are in excess of the federally insured limits. Losses incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. The primary focus of the Company’s investment strategy is to preserve capital and meet liquidity requirements. The Company’s investment policy addresses the level of credit exposure by limiting the concentration in any one corporate issuer or sector and establishing a minimum allowable credit rating. Revenue Recognition Revenue from Government Contracts Under firm fixed-price milestone contracts, the Company recognizes the firm fixed-price revenue as the milestones are substantially complete and the firm fixed-price for the milestone is earned (“firm fixed-price milestone”). Cash received in advance of the completion of a firm fixed-price milestone will be recorded as deferred revenue until the milestone has been substantially completed and earned. Under cost reimbursable contracts, the Company recognizes revenue as allowable costs are incurred and the fixed fee is earned (“cost-plus-fixed-fee”). Reimbursable costs under the contract primarily include direct labor, subcontract costs, materials, equipment, travel, and approved overhead and indirect costs. Fixed fees under cost reimbursable contracts are earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the work relative to total estimated contract costs, with such costs incurred representing a reasonable measurement of the proportional performance of the work completed, as detailed in Note 5. Payments to the Company under cost reimbursable contracts are provisional payments subject to adjustment upon annual audit by the government. The Company believes that revenue for periods not yet audited has been recorded in amounts that are expected to be realized upon final audit and settlement. When the final determination of the allowable costs for any year has been made, revenue and billings may be adjusted accordingly in the period that the adjustment is known. Recent Accounting Pronouncements In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the annual income tax disclosures for the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact ASU 2023-09 will have on the consolidated financial statement disclosures. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement–Reporting Comprehensive Income–Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires new disclosures to disaggregate prescribed natural expenses underlying any income statement caption. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact ASU 2024-03 will have on the consolidated financial statement disclosures. In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, introducing a practical expedient and an accounting policy election for certain entities in estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under the practical expedient, entities may assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date remain unchanged for the remaining life of the asset when developing forecasts. ASU 2025-05 is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2026, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statement disclosures; however, no material effect is expected based on the current nature of the Company’s receivables and contract assets.

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation, Liquidity and Going Concern – The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the SEC assuming the Company will continue as a going concern.

The Company is a clinical-stage biotechnology company with no product sales. The Company’s primary source of financing is from the sale and issuance of common stock as well as funding from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“HHS BARDA”), a division of the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (“ASPR”) within the United States (“U.S.”) Department of Health and Human Services. In the past, the Company has also financed its operations through the issuance of secured debt securities and preferred stock, proceeds from the exercise of warrants, and payments under collaboration and license agreements. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $28.8 million. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents and investments are not sufficient to fund the Company’s planned operations for a period of 12 months from the date the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are issued.

The Company will be dependent upon raising additional capital through placement of its common stock, notes or other securities, borrowings, or entering into a partnership with a strategic party in order to implement its business plan. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful raising additional capital in order to continue as a going concern.

Based on management’s current plan, including updated assumptions around the continued execution under the 2024 ATI-RRPV Contract, and considering events occurring after the balance-sheet date, the Company reassessed its liquidity and going-concern evaluation. On November 4, 2025, the Company entered into (i) an Exclusive License and Collaboration Agreement (the “License Agreement”) and (ii) a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Dynavax Technologies Corporation (“Dynavax”). Under the License Agreement, the Company granted Dynavax an exclusive, worldwide license to develop and commercialize its investigational oral COVID-19 vaccine candidate. Dynavax agreed to pay the Company an up-front license fee of $25.0 million and, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, to purchase $5.0 million of the Company’s common stock at $0.45 per share. The Company received a total of approximately $30.0 million from these transactions. See Note 12. Together with the Company’s updated operating plan and ongoing cost-management initiatives, these proceeds extend the Company’s cash runway into the second quarter of 2027. Accordingly, management concluded that the conditions and events that previously raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern have been alleviated. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024, included in this document, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted pursuant to these rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited financial statements and footnotes related thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 20, 2025 (the “Annual Report”). Unless noted below, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in the Annual Report. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position and the results of its operations and cash flows. The results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any future periods.

Basis of Consolidation – The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Vaxart, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All significant transactions and balances between Vaxart, Inc. and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results and outcomes could differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Concentration of Credit Risk – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, available-for-sale investments and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash, cash equivalents and available-for-sale investments at financial institutions that the Company believes are of high credit quality. The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of default by the financial institutions holding the cash and cash equivalents to the extent such amounts are in excess of the federally insured limits. Losses incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

The primary focus of the Company’s investment strategy is to preserve capital and meet liquidity requirements. The Company’s investment policy addresses the level of credit exposure by limiting the concentration in any one corporate issuer or sector and establishing a minimum allowable credit rating.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue from Government Contracts

Under firm fixed-price milestone contracts, the Company recognizes the firm fixed-price revenue as the milestones are substantially complete and the firm fixed-price for the milestone is earned (“firm fixed-price milestone”). Cash received in advance of the completion of a firm fixed-price milestone will be recorded as deferred revenue until the milestone has been substantially completed and earned.

Under cost reimbursable contracts, the Company recognizes revenue as allowable costs are incurred and the fixed fee is earned (“cost-plus-fixed-fee”). Reimbursable costs under the contract primarily include direct labor, subcontract costs, materials, equipment, travel, and approved overhead and indirect costs. Fixed fees under cost reimbursable contracts are earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the work relative to total estimated contract costs, with such costs incurred representing a reasonable measurement of the proportional performance of the work completed, as detailed in Note 5.

Payments to the Company under cost reimbursable contracts are provisional payments subject to adjustment upon annual audit by the government. The Company believes that revenue for periods not yet audited has been recorded in amounts that are expected to be realized upon final audit and settlement. When the final determination of the allowable costs for any year has been made, revenue and billings may be adjusted accordingly in the period that the adjustment is known.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances the annual income tax disclosures for the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact ASU 2023-09 will have on the consolidated financial statement disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement–Reporting Comprehensive Income–Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires new disclosures to disaggregate prescribed natural expenses underlying any income statement caption. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact ASU 2024-03 will have on the consolidated financial statement disclosures.

In July 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, introducing a practical expedient and an accounting policy election for certain entities in estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Under the practical expedient, entities may assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date remain unchanged for the remaining life of the asset when developing forecasts. ASU 2025-05 is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2026, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statement disclosures; however, no material effect is expected based on the current nature of the Company’s receivables and contract assets.