Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible assets consisted of:


	As of December 31, 2023						As of December 31, 2022
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Amortized Intangible Assets
License agreements (a)	$	316	$	234	$	82	$	290	$	217	$	73
Customer relationships (b)	253		221		32		247		207		40
Other (c)	56		46		10		48		39		9
	$	625	$	501	$	124	$	585	$	463	$	122

Unamortized Intangible Assets
Goodwill	$	1,099					$	1,070
Trademarks	$	546					$	544

_________

(a)Primarily amortized over a period ranging from 0 to 40 years with a weighted average life of 15 years.

(b)Primarily amortized over a period ranging from 3 to 20 years with a weighted average life of 11 years.

(c)Primarily amortized over a period ranging from 2 to 10 years with a weighted average life of 9 years.

Amortization expense relating to all intangible assets was as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021
License agreements	$	14	$	29	$	47
Customer relationships	9		10		14
Other	6		5		6
Total	$	29	$	44	$	67

Based on our amortizable intangible assets at December 31, 2023, we expect related amortization expense of approximately $29 million for 2024, $23 million for 2025, $21 million for 2026, $15 million for 2027 and $11 million for 2028 excluding effects of currency exchange rates.

The carrying amounts of goodwill and related changes are as follows:


		Americas		International		Total Company
Goodwill as of January 1, 2022		$	2,140	$	1,086	$	3,226
	Accumulated impairment losses as of January 1, 2022	(1,587)		(531)		(2,118)
Goodwill as of January 1, 2022		553		555		1,108
	Currency translation adjustments and other	(3)		(35)		(38)
Goodwill as of December 31, 2022		550		520		1,070
	Acquisitions	—		10		10
	Currency translation adjustments and other	1		18		19
Goodwill as of December 31, 2023		$	551	$	548	$	1,099