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Basis of Presentation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation Basis of Presentation
Avis Budget Group, Inc. provides mobility solutions to businesses and consumers worldwide. The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements include the accounts and transactions of Avis Budget Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries, as well as entities in which Avis Budget Group, Inc. directly or indirectly has a controlling financial interest (collectively, the “Company”), and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission for interim financial reporting.
The Company operates the following reportable business segments:

Americas—consisting primarily of (i) vehicle rental operations in North America, South America, Central America and the Caribbean, (ii) car sharing operations in certain of these markets, and (iii) licensees in the areas in which the Company does not operate directly.

International—consisting primarily of (i) vehicle rental operations in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia and Australasia, (ii) car sharing operations in certain of these markets, and (iii) licensees in the areas in which the Company does not operate directly.

The operating results of acquired businesses are included in the accompanying Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements from the dates of acquisition. Differences between the preliminary allocation of purchase price and the final allocation for the Company’s 2020 acquisitions of various licensees were not material.

In presenting the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and related disclosures. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. In management’s opinion, the Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements contain all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of interim results reported. The results of operations reported for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations for the entire year or any subsequent interim period. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K.

Liquidity and Management’s Plans

The continuing cases of COVID-19 and the developments surrounding the pandemic are having a material impact on certain aspects of the Company’s business. Significant events affecting travel and the overall economy have historically had an impact on vehicle rental volumes, with the full extent of the impact generally determined by the length of time the event influences travel decisions as well as general economic conditions. The Company believes the ongoing effects of COVID-19 and resulting economic conditions have had, and will continue to have, an adverse impact on its operations and vehicle rental volumes, and on its financial results and liquidity.

The Company cannot assure its assumptions used to estimate its liquidity requirements will be correct because it has never previously experienced such a change in demand, and as a consequence, its ability to be predictive is uncertain. In addition, the duration of the pandemic is uncertain. Therefore, the Company has taken actions to manage its liquidity, including reducing capital expenditures, operating expenses and the number of vehicles in its fleet. The Company has no meaningful corporate debt maturities until 2023. The Company plans to finance the routine Asset Backed Securities (“ABS”) maturities with program cash on hand, available revolving debt capacity, new term note issuances and fleet sales. As a result, based on current operational assumptions, the Company believes it has adequate liquidity beyond the next twelve months.
In April 2020, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to its senior credit facilities, consisting of an approximately $1.2 billion term loan maturing in 2027 and a $1.8 billion revolving credit facility maturing in 2023, which remain in place after the Amendment. The Amendment provides for relief from the quarterly-tested leverage covenant contained in the credit agreement governing the senior credit facilities until the end of a specific relief period, including a holiday from such leverage covenant through June 30, 2021, during which time (i) certain negative covenant exceptions are not available to the Company, (ii) pricing on the senior credit facilities is increased, (iii) the Company must comply with a liquidity covenant and additional reporting requirements and (iv) the Company must meet additional conditions to borrow under the revolving credit facility. In February 2021, the Company subsequently amended the credit agreement to permit refinancing of certain existing indebtedness.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The Company’s significant accounting policies are fully described in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the 2020 Form 10-K.

Cash and cash equivalents, Program cash and Restricted cash. The following table provides a detail of cash and cash equivalents, program and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets to the amounts shown in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows.
As of March 31,
20212020
Cash and cash equivalents$576 $679 
Program cash61 39 
Restricted cash (a)
Total cash and cash equivalents, program and restricted cash$639 $721 
________
(a)Included within other current assets.

Vehicle Programs. The Company presents separately the financial data of its vehicle programs. These programs are distinct from the Company’s other activities since the assets under vehicle programs are generally funded through the issuance of debt that is collateralized by such assets. The income generated by these assets is used, in part, to repay the principal and interest associated with the debt. Cash inflows and outflows relating to the acquisition of such assets and the principal debt repayment or financing of such assets are classified as activities of the Company’s vehicle programs. The Company believes it is appropriate to segregate the financial data of its vehicle programs because, ultimately, the source of repayment of such debt is the realization of such assets.

Transaction-related costs, net. Transaction-related costs, net are classified separately in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income. These costs are comprised of expenses related to acquisition-related activities such as due diligence and other advisory costs, expenses related to the integration of the acquiree’s operations with those of the Company, including the implementation of best practices and process improvements, non-cash gains and losses related to re-acquired rights, expenses related to pre-acquisition contingencies and contingent consideration related to acquisitions.

Currency Transactions. The Company records the gain or loss on foreign-currency transactions on certain intercompany loans and the gain or loss on intercompany loan hedges within interest expense related to corporate debt, net. During the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded an immaterial amount and a loss of $5 million, respectively, related to such items.

Divestitures. In March 2021, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement with Urbiz S.A. to sell the Company’s assets in Argentina. Upon completion of the sale, Urbiz S.A. will pay approximately $4 million, plus interest, over two years for the right to operate the Avis and Budget brand. The Company had assets held for sale of $15 million within current and non-current assets and liabilities held for sale of $6 million within non-current liabilities. The Company assessed the fair value of the net assets and recorded a loss of $13 million within restructuring and other related charges during the three months ended March 31, 2021. Argentina’s operations are reported within the Company’s Americas segment.
Investments. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had equity method investments with a carrying value of $64 million and $63 million, respectively, which are recorded within other non-current assets. Earnings from the Company’s equity method investments are reported within operating expenses. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded an immaterial amount related to its equity method investments.

Nonmarketable Equity Securities. As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company had nonmarketable equity securities with a carrying value of $8 million, respectively, which are recorded within other non-current assets. No adjustments were made to the carrying amounts during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Revenues. Revenues are recognized under “Leases (Topic 842),” with the exception of royalty fee revenue derived from the Company’s licensees and revenue related to the Company’s customer loyalty program, which were approximately $40 million and $32 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geography.
 Three Months Ended 
March 31,
20212020
Americas$1,080 $1,257 
Europe, Middle East and Africa203 357 
Asia and Australasia89 139 
Total revenues$1,372 $1,753 

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by brand.
Three Months Ended 
March 31,
20212020
Avis$717 $985 
Budget524 619 
Other131 149 
Total revenues$1,372 $1,753 
________
Other includes Zipcar and other operating brands.

Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

On January 1, 2021, as the result of a new accounting pronouncement, the Company adopted ASU 2019-12, “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions and improving the application of existing guidance. The adoption of this accounting pronouncement did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans

On January 1, 2021, as the result of a new accounting pronouncement, the Company adopted ASU 2018-14, “Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans,” which adds, removes, and clarifies disclosure requirements related to defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. These changes are part of the FASB’s disclosure framework project, which the Board launched in 2014 to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in notes to financial statements. The adoption of this accounting pronouncement did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial
Statements.