Revenues

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geography.



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Americas	$	1,844	$	4,782
Europe, Middle East and Africa	784		1,830
Asia and Australasia	150		462
Total revenues	$	2,778	$	7,074

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by brand.



	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Avis	$	1,599	$	4,095
Budget	953		2,372
Other	226		607
Total revenues	$	2,778	$	7,074

________

Other includes Zipcar, Payless, Apex, Maggiore and FranceCars.

The Company derives revenues primarily by providing vehicle rentals and other related products and mobility services to commercial and leisure customers, as well as through licensing of its rental systems. Other related products and mobility services include sales of collision and loss damage waivers under which a customer is relieved from financial responsibility arising from vehicle damage incurred during the rental; products and services for driving convenience such as fuel service options, chauffeur drive services, roadside safety net, electronic toll collection, tablet rentals, access to satellite radio, portable navigation units and child safety seat rentals; and rentals of other supplemental items including automobile towing equipment and other moving accessories and supplies. The Company also receives payment from customers for certain operating expenses that it incurs, including airport concession fees that are paid by the Company in exchange for the right to operate at airports and other locations, as well as vehicle licensing fees. In addition, the Company collects membership fees in connection with its car sharing business.

Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with the customer are satisfied; generally this occurs evenly over the contract (over time); when control of the promised products or services is transferred to the customer. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for transferring products or services. Certain customers may receive cash-based rebates, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Company estimates these rebates based on the expected amount to be provided to customers and reduces revenue recognized. Vehicle rental and rental-related revenues are recognized evenly over the period of rental. Licensing revenues principally consist of royalties paid by the Company’s licensees and are recorded as the licensees’ revenues are earned (over the rental period). The Company renews license agreements in the normal course of business and occasionally terminates, purchases or sells license agreements. In connection with ongoing fees that the Company receives from its licensees pursuant to license agreements, the Company is required to provide certain services, such as training, marketing and the operation of reservation systems. Revenues and expenses associated with gasoline, airport concessions and vehicle licensing are recorded on a gross basis within revenues and operating expenses. Membership fees related to the Company’s car sharing business are generally nonrefundable, are deferred and recognized ratably over the period of membership.

Contract Liabilities

The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received in advance of satisfying its performance obligations, including amounts that are refundable. In addition, certain customers earn loyalty points on rentals, for which the Company defers a portion of its rental revenues generally equivalent to the estimated retail value of points expected to be redeemed. The Company estimates points that will never be redeemed based upon actual redemption and expiration patterns. Currently loyalty points expire at the earlier of 12 months of member inactivity or five years from when they were earned. Future changes to expiration assumptions or expiration policy, or to program rules, may result in changes to deferred revenue as well as recognized revenues from the program.

The following table presents changes in the Company’s contract liabilities during the nine months ended September 30, 2018.



	Balance at January 1, 2018		Revenue deferred		Revenue recognized		Balance at September 30, 2018
Prepaid rentals^(a)	$	101	$	1,406	$	1,384	$	123
Other deferred revenue^(b)	93		167		167		93
Total deferred revenue	$	194	$	1,573	$	1,551	$	216

________


^(a)	At September 30, 2018, included in accounts payable and other current liabilities.


^(b)	At September 30, 2018, $38 million included in accounts payable and other current liabilities and $55 million in other non-current liabilities. Non-current amounts are expected to be recognized as revenue within two to three years.