Stock-based compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Summarized Activity Related to Stock Options

The following table summarizes activity related to stock options for the nine months ended July 31, 2024:

	Number of Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price  Per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Weighted Average Remaining Term
Outstanding at October 31, 2023	1,062	$	152.41
Granted	61	238.35
Exercised	(243)	122.43
Forfeited or expired	(7)	229.00
Outstanding at July 31, 2024	873	$	166.21	$	74,716	4.9 years
Expected to vest	164	$	239.41	$	2,428	8.0 years
Exercisable at July 31, 2024	707	$	149.00	$	72,263	4.2 years

Fair Value Assumptions of Stock Options

The fair value of each option grant was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

Nine Months Ended	July 31, 2024			July 31, 2023
Expected volatility	30.3%	-	31.7%	30.4%	-	31.8%
Expected dividend yield	1.15%	-	1.20%	1.12%	-	1.27%
Risk-free interest rate	4.22%	-	4.52%	3.79%	-	4.21%
Expected life of the option (in years)	5.0	-	6.2	5.0	-	6.2

Summarized Activity Related to Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes activity related to restricted share units during the nine months ended July 31, 2024:

	Number of Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Restricted share units at October 31, 2023	69	$	236.28
Granted	39	234.74
Forfeited	(5)	241.30
Vested	(31)	233.05
Restricted share units at July 31, 2024	72	$	236.37

Summarized Activity Related to Director Deferred Compensation Shares

The following table summarizes activity related to director deferred compensation share equivalent units during the nine months ended July 31, 2024:

	Number of Shares	Weighted-Average Grant Date  Fair Value
Outstanding at October 31, 2023	78	$	93.11
Dividend equivalents	1	249.14
Distributions	(14)	54.21
Outstanding at July 31, 2024	65	$	103.73