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Retirement, Pension and Other Postretirement Plans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2020
Summary of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Accumulated other comprehensive loss at October 31, 2020 and 2019 consisted of:
Cumulative
translation
adjustments		Pension and
postretirement benefit
plan adjustments		Accumulated
other comprehensive
loss
Balance at October 31, 2019$(53,332)$(178,549)$(231,881)
Pension and postretirement plan changes, net of tax of $(2,404)
— (7,147)(7,147)
Currency translation losses12,910 — 12,910 
Balance at October 31, 2020$(40,422)$(185,696)$(226,118)
Pension Plans  
Reconciliation of the Benefit Obligations, Plan Assets, Accrued Benefit Cost and the Amount Recognized in Financial Statements for Pension Plans
A reconciliation of the benefit obligations, plan assets, accrued benefit cost and the amount recognized in financial statements for pension plans is as follows:
United StatesInternational
2020201920202019
Change in benefit obligation:    
Benefit obligation at beginning of year$551,997 $425,605 $97,990 $87,227 
Service cost20,635 14,587 2,099 1,933 
Interest cost15,824 18,304 1,025 1,670 
Participant contributions— — 83 83 
Plan amendments— — — 186 
Settlements(4,992)— — (3,018)
Foreign currency exchange rate change— — 2,814 106 
Actuarial loss47,788 107,662 2,729 11,852 
Benefits paid(15,484)(14,161)(1,891)(2,049)
Benefit obligation at end of year$615,768 $551,997 $104,849 $97,990 
Change in plan assets:
Beginning fair value of plan assets$448,931 $361,073 $39,640 $39,617 
Actual return on plan assets41,712 76,700 3,697 707 
Company contributions40,083 25,319 3,365 3,696 
Participant contributions— — 83 83 
Settlements(4,992)— — (3,018)
Foreign currency exchange rate change— — 582 604 
Benefits paid(15,484)(14,161)(1,891)(2,049)
Ending fair value of plan assets$510,250 $448,931 $45,476 $39,640 
Funded status at end of year$(105,518)$(103,066)$(59,373)$(58,350)
Amounts recognized in financial statements:
Noncurrent asset$3,162 $2,171 $3,321 $1,375 
Accrued benefit liability(5,211)(6,435)(634)(21)
Long-term pension obligations(103,469)(98,802)(62,060)(59,704)
Total amount recognized in financial statements$(105,518)$(103,066)$(59,373)$(58,350)
 
 United StatesInternational
 2020201920202019
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss:
Net actuarial loss$192,593 $178,390 $32,097 $33,826 
Prior service credit(16)(100)(2,137)(2,342)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss$192,577 $178,290 $29,960 $31,484 
Amounts expected to be recognized during next fiscal year:
Amortization of net actuarial loss$14,297 $13,591 $3,049 $2,945 
Amortization of prior service credit(81)(84)(299)(288)
Total$14,216 $13,507 $2,750 $2,657 
Summary of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss: 
United StatesInternational
2020201920202019
Balance at beginning of year$178,290 $130,627 $31,484 $20,460 
Net loss arising during the year30,743 54,304 305 12,737 
Prior service cost arising during the year— — — 186 
Net gain recognized during the year(14,032)(6,702)(2,972)(1,696)
Prior service credit recognized during the year84 61 290 303 
Settlement loss(2,508)— — (470)
Exchange rate effect during the year— — 853 (36)
Balance at end of year$192,577 $178,290 $29,960 $31,484 
Accumulated Benefit Obligation
Information regarding the accumulated benefit obligation is as follows:
United StatesInternational
2020201920202019
For all plans:
Accumulated benefit obligation$571,036 $513,861 $96,252 $83,439 
For plans with benefit obligations in excess of plan assets:
Projected benefit obligation553,403 491,816 92,775 86,534 
Accumulated benefit obligation508,671 453,681 85,189 73,293 
Fair value of plan assets444,723 386,580 30,797 27,769 
Components of Net Periodic Benefits Cost
Net periodic pension costs include the following components:
United StatesInternational
202020192018202020192018
Service cost$20,635 $14,587 $13,052 $2,099 $1,933 $2,048 
Interest cost15,824 18,304 14,797 1,025 1,670 1,656 
Expected return on plan assets(24,667)(23,341)(21,964)(1,273)(1,592)(1,512)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)(84)(61)(22)(290)(303)(316)
Amortization of net actuarial loss14,032 6,702 9,479 2,972 1,696 2,115 
Settlement loss2,508 — — — 470 252 
Total benefit cost$28,248 $16,191 $15,342 $4,533 $3,874 $4,243 
Weighted Average Assumptions Representing the Rates Used to Develop the Actuarial Present Value of Projected Benefit Obligation and the Net Periodic Benefit Costs
The weighted average assumptions used in the valuation of pension benefits were as follows:
United StatesInternational
202020192018202020192018
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at October 31:
Discount rate2.85 %3.25 %4.53 %1.01 %1.26 %2.14 %
Rate of compensation increase4.00 4.00 3.90 2.69 3.12 3.12 
Assumptions used to determine net benefit costs for the years ended October 31:
Discount rate - benefit obligation3.25 4.53 3.80 1.26 2.14 2.07 
Discount rate - service cost3.56 4.70 4.01 1.12 1.82 1.76 
Discount rate - interest cost2.78 4.15 3.31 1.05 1.90 1.83 
Expected return on plan assets5.75 6.00 6.00 3.22 3.96 3.91 
Rate of compensation increase4.00 3.90 3.61 3.12 3.12 3.13 
Allocation of Pension Plan Assets
The allocation of pension plan assets as of October 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:
 United StatesInternational
 2020201920202019
Asset Category
Equity securities11 %11 %— %— %
Debt securities49 53 — — 
Insurance contracts— — 54 54 
Pooled investment funds39 35 44 45 
Other1 1 2 1 
Total100 %100 %100 %100 %
Fair Values of Pension Plan Assets
The fair values of our pension plan assets at October 31, 2020 by asset category are in the table below:
United StatesInternational
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash$1,331 $1,331 $— $— $759 $759 $— $— 
Money market funds5,059 5,059 — — — — — — 
Equity securities:
Basic materials1,750 1,750 — — — — — — 
Consumer goods5,024 5,024 — — — — — — 
Financial4,745 4,745 — — — — — — 
Healthcare4,518 4,518 — — — — — — 
Industrial goods3,588 3,588 — — — — — — 
Technology5,706 5,706 — — — — — — 
Utilities685 685 — — — — — — 
Mutual funds24,266 24,266 — — — — — — 
Fixed income securities:
U.S. Government71,855 8,267 63,588 — — — — — 
Corporate173,046 — 173,046 — — — — — 
Other6,673 — 6,673 — — — — — 
Other types of investments:
Insurance contracts— — — — 24,496 — — 24,496 
Other845 845 — — — — — — 
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy$309,091 $65,784 $243,307 $— $25,255 $759 $— $24,496 
Investments measured at Net Asset Value:
Real estate collective funds38,996 — 
Pooled investment funds162,163 20,221 
Total Investments at Fair Value$510,250 $45,476 
The fair values of our pension plan assets at October 31, 2019 by asset category are in the table below:
United StatesInternational
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Cash$1,208 $1,208 $— $— $441 $441 $— $— 
Money market funds5,566 5,566 — — — — — — 
Equity securities:
Basic materials2,318 2,318 — — — — — — 
Consumer goods4,412 4,412 — — — — — — 
Financial6,120 6,120 — — — — — — 
Healthcare4,460 4,460 — — — — — — 
Industrial goods3,152 3,152 — — — — — — 
Technology5,064 5,064 — — — — — — 
Utilities937 937 — — — — — — 
Mutual funds19,674 19,674 — — — — — — 
Fixed income securities:
U.S.  Government83,025 13,094 69,931 — — — — — 
Corporate151,607 — 151,607 — — — — — 
Other5,051 — 5,051 — — — — — 
Other types of investments:
Insurance contracts— — — — 21,245 — — 21,245 
Other1,101 1,101 — — — — — — 
Total investments in the fair value hierarchy$293,695 $67,106 $226,589 $— $21,686 $441 $— $21,245 
Investments measured at Net Asset Value:
Real estate collective funds33,917 —
Pooled investment funds121,319 17,954 
Total Investments at Fair Value$448,931 $39,640 
Change in Level 3 Fair Value of Plan Assets
The following tables present an analysis of changes during the years ended October 31, 2020 and 2019 in Level 3 plan assets, by plan asset class, for U.S. and international pension plans using significant unobservable inputs to measure fair value:
Fair Value Measurements
Using Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Insurance
contracts		Total
Beginning balance at October 31, 2019$21,245 $21,245 
Actual return on plan assets:
Assets held, end of year1,739 1,739 
Assets sold during the period— — 
Purchases2,462 2,462 
Sales(1,495)(1,495)
Foreign currency translation545 545 
Ending balance at October 31, 2020$24,496 $24,496 
Fair Value Measurements
Using Significant Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
Insurance
contracts		Total
Beginning balance at October 31, 2018$21,645 $21,645 
Actual return on plan assets:
Assets held, end of year913 913 
Assets sold during the period— — 
Purchases2,431 2,431 
Sales(4,102)(4,102)
Foreign currency translation358 358 
Ending balance at October 31, 2019$21,245 $21,245 
Retiree Pension Benefit Payments
Retiree pension benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, are anticipated to be paid as follows:
YearUnited StatesInternational
2021$23,045 $3,488 
202220,262 3,042 
202321,686 3,069 
202423,213 3,527 
202525,209 3,721 
2026-2030150,280 19,949 
Retirement Plans  
Reconciliation of the Benefit Obligations, Plan Assets, Accrued Benefit Cost and the Amount Recognized in Financial Statements for Pension Plans
A reconciliation of the benefit obligations, accrued benefit cost and the amount recognized in financial statements for other postretirement plans is as follows:
 United StatesInternational
 2020201920202019
Change in benefit obligation:    
Benefit obligation at beginning of year$88,660 $72,010 $454 $512 
Service cost666 545 15 16 
Interest cost2,345 2,984 13 19 
Participant contributions611 684 — — 
Foreign currency exchange rate change— — (5)(1)
Actuarial (gain) loss(2,024)15,101 (26)(86)
Benefits paid(2,613)(2,664)(6)(6)
Benefit obligation at end of year$87,645 $88,660 $445 $454 
Change in plan assets:
Beginning fair value of plan assets$— $— $— $— 
Company contributions2,002 1,980 6 6 
Participant contributions611 684 — — 
Benefits paid(2,613)(2,664)(6)(6)
Ending fair value of plan assets$— $— $— $— 
Funded status at end of year$(87,645)$(88,660)$(445)$(454)
Amounts recognized in financial statements:
Accrued benefit liability$(2,835)$(2,740)$(6)$(6)
Long-term postretirement obligations(84,810)(85,920)(439)(448)
Total amount recognized in financial statements$(87,645)$(88,660)$(445)$(454)
 United StatesInternational
 2020201920202019
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss:
Net actuarial (gain) loss$25,614 $28,992 $(466)$(482)
Prior service credit— (16)— — 
Accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss$25,614 $28,976 $(466)$(482)
Amounts expected to be recognized during next fiscal year:
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss$1,388 $1,674 $(39)$(37)
Amortization of prior service credit— (16)— — 
Total$1,388 $1,658 $(39)$(37)
Summary of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss:
 United StatesInternational
 2020201920202019
Balance at beginning of year$28,976 $14,483 $(482)$(423)
Net (gain) loss arising during the year(2,024)15,101 (26)(86)
Net gain (loss) recognized during the year(1,355)(634)36 28 
Prior service credit recognized during the year17 26 — — 
Exchange rate effect during the year— — 6 (1)
Balance at end of year$25,614 $28,976 $(466)$(482)
Components of Net Periodic Benefits Cost
Net postretirement benefit costs include the following components:
 United StatesInternational
 202020192018202020192018
Service cost$666 $545 $709 $15 $16 $20 
Interest cost2,345 2,984 2,557 13 19 20 
Amortization of prior service credit(17)(26)(99)— — — 
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss1,355 634 1,079 (36)(28)(20)
Total benefit cost (credit)$4,349 $4,137 $4,246 $(8)$7 $20 
Weighted Average Assumptions Representing the Rates Used to Develop the Actuarial Present Value of Projected Benefit Obligation and the Net Periodic Benefit Costs
The weighted average assumptions used in the valuation of postretirement benefits were as follows:
 United StatesInternational
 202020192018202020192018
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at October 31:
Discount rate2.84 %3.27 %4.56 %2.94 %3.03 %3.88 %
Health care cost trend rate3.40 3.62 3.75 4.22 4.00 6.35 
Rate to which health care cost trend rate is assumed to incline/decline (ultimate trend rate)3.17 3.24 3.27 4.05 4.05 3.50 
Year the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate202620262026204020402037
Assumption used to determine net benefit costs for the years ended October 31:
Discount rate benefit obligation3.27 %4.56 %3.86 %3.03 %3.88 %3.52 %
Discount rate service cost3.61 4.77 4.11 3.05 3.90 3.54 
Discount rate interest cost2.79 4.18 3.39 2.88 3.80 3.40 
Retiree Pension Benefit Payments
Retiree postretirement benefit payments are anticipated to be paid as follows:
YearUnited StatesInternational
2021$2,835 $6 
20223,047 6 
20233,238 6 
20243,444 6 
20253,623 6 
2026-203020,133 46 
Defined Benefit Plan Effect of One Percentage Point Change in Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates
A one-percentage point change in the assumed health care cost trend rate would have the following effects. Bracketed numbers represent decreases in expense and obligation amounts.
United StatesInternational
1% Point
Increase		1% Point
Decrease		1% Point
Increase		1% Point
Decrease
Health care trend rate:
Effect on total net postretirement benefit cost components in 2020$431 $(345)$7 $(5)
Effect on postretirement obligation as of October 31, 2020$11,019 $(9,100)$103 $(80)