Revenue Recognition

3 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The following table presents Cintas' total revenue disaggregated by operating segment for the three months ended August 31:

(In thousands)	2023				2022
Uniform Rental and Facility Services	$	1,826,825	78.0	%	$	1,697,772	78.4	%
First Aid and Safety Services	260,693		11.1	%	234,161		10.8	%
Fire Protection Services	174,316		7.5	%	151,847		7.0	%
Uniform Direct Sales	80,496		3.4	%	82,674		3.8	%
Total revenue	$	2,342,330	100.0	%	$	2,166,454	100.0	%

The Fire Protection Services and Uniform Direct Sales operating segments are included within All Other as disclosed in Note 10 entitled Segment Information.

Revenue Recognition Policy

Approximately 95% of the Company's revenue is derived from fees for route servicing of Uniform Rental and Facility Services, First Aid and Safety Services and Fire Protection Services customers, performed by a Cintas employee-partner, at the customer's location of business. Revenue from our route servicing customer contracts represent a single-performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue over time as services are performed, based on the nature of services provided and contractual rates (output method) or at a point in time when the performance obligation under the terms of the contract with a customer are satisfied, at the customer's location of business. The Company's remaining revenue, primarily within the Uniform Direct Sales operating segment, and representing approximately 5% of the Company's total revenue, is recognized when the obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied. This generally occurs when the goods are transferred to the customer.

Revenue recorded is presented net of sales and other taxes we collect on behalf of governmental authorities. Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are treated as fulfillment activities and are recorded in both revenue and cost of sales at the time control is transferred to the customer. Certain of our customer contracts include pricing terms and conditions that include components of variable consideration. The variable consideration is typically in the form of consideration paid to a customer based on performance metrics specified within the contract and is not material in any period presented. When determining if variable consideration should be constrained, the Company considers whether factors outside its control could result in a significant reversal of revenue. In making these assessments, the Company considers the likelihood and magnitude of a potential reversal. The Company's performance period generally corresponds with the monthly invoice period. No constraints on our revenue recognition were applied during the three months ended August 31, 2023 or 2022.

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our trade receivables. We determine the allowance for credit losses using both an estimate, based on historical rates of collections, and reserves for specific accounts identified as uncollectible. The portion of the allowance for credit losses that is an estimate based on Cintas' historical rates of collections is recorded for overdue amounts, beginning with a nominal percentage when the account is current and increasing substantially as the account ages. The amount provided as the account ages will differ slightly between the Uniform Rental and Facility Services reportable operating segment, the First Aid and Safety Services reportable operating segment and All Other because of differences in customers served and the nature of each business. We update our allowance for credit losses quarterly, considering recent write-offs and collections information and underlying economic expectations.

Costs to Obtain a Contract

The Company capitalizes commission expenses paid to our employee-partners when the commissions are deemed to be incremental for obtaining the route servicing customer contract. As permitted by Accounting Standards Codification 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), the Company has elected to apply the guidance to a portfolio of contracts (or performance obligations) with similar characteristics because the Company reasonably expects that the effects on the consolidated condensed financial statements of applying this guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts within the portfolio. The Company also continues to expense certain costs to obtain a contract if those costs do not meet the criteria of the standard or the amortization period of the asset would have been one year or less. The deferred commissions are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit. We review the deferred commission balances for impairment on an ongoing basis. Deferred commissions are classified as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when we expect to recognize the expense. The current portion is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and the noncurrent portion is included in other assets, net on the Company's consolidated condensed balance sheets. As of August 31, 2023, the current and noncurrent assets related to deferred commissions totaled $94.1 million and $255.1 million, respectively. As of May 31, 2023, the current and noncurrent assets related to deferred commissions totaled $92.5 million and $251.6 million, respectively. We recorded amortization expense related to deferred commissions of $24.4 million and $22.4 million during the three months ended August 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. These expenses are classified in selling and administrative expenses on the consolidated condensed statements of income.