Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

Principles of consolidation and presentation

Principles of Consolidation and Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Immunomedics and its subsidiaries. Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries in the Consolidated Balance Sheets represent minority stockholders' proportionate share of the equity (deficit) in such subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s significant estimates and assumptions relate to stock compensation expenses, interest expense on liability related to sale of future royalties, and determination of fair value of warrants.

Debt financing

Interest Expense on Liability Related to Sale of Future Royalties

Foreign currencies

Foreign Currencies

For subsidiaries outside of the United States that operate in a local currency environment, income and expense items are translated to United States dollars at the monthly average rates of exchange prevailing during the year, assets and liabilities are translated at year-end exchange rates and equity accounts are translated at historical exchange rates. Translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders' equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit) and are included in the determination of comprehensive (loss) income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss. Transaction gains and losses are included in the determination of net loss in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss.

Fair value of financial instruments

Financial Instruments

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, other current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Marketable securities

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities, all of which are available-for-sale, consist of corporate debt securities, United States bonds, United States sponsored agencies and municipal bonds. Corporate debt securities include Eurodollar issues of United States corporations, and United States dollar denominated issues of foreign corporations. Marketable securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of related income taxes, reported as accumulated other comprehensive loss, except for losses from impairments which are determined to be other-than-temporary. Realized gains and losses, and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included in the determination of net loss and are included in interest and other income (net), at which time the average cost basis of these securities are adjusted to fair value. Fair values are based on quoted market prices at the reporting date. Interest and dividends on available-for-sale securities are included in interest and other income (net).

Concentration of credit risk

Concentration of Credit Risk

Cash and marketable securities are financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk. Our investment policy is to invest only in institutions that meet high credit quality standards and establishes limits on the amount and time to maturity of investments with any individual counterparty. The policy also requires that investments are only entered into with corporate and financial institutions that meet high credit quality standards.

Revenue recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company has accounted for revenue arrangements that include multiple deliverables as a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met: a) the delivered item has value to the customer on a standalone basis, and b) if the right of return exists, delivery of the undelivered items is considered probable and substantially in the control of the vendor. If these criteria are not met, the revenue elements must be considered a single unit of accounting for purposes of revenue recognition. The Company allocates revenue consideration, excluding contingent consideration, based on the relative selling prices of the separate units of accounting contained within an arrangement containing multiple deliverables. Relative selling prices are determined using vendor specific objective evidence, if it exists; otherwise third-party evidence or the Company’s best estimate of selling price is used for each deliverable.

Payments received under contracts to fund certain research activities are recognized as revenue in the period in which the research activities are performed. Payments received in advance that are related to future performance are deferred and recognized as revenue when the research projects are performed. Upfront nonrefundable fees associated with license and development agreements where the Company has continuing involvement in the agreement are recorded as deferred revenue and recognized over the estimated service period. The Company estimates the period of continuing involvement based on the best evidential matter available at each reporting period. If the estimated service period is subsequently modified, the period over which the upfront fee is recognized is modified accordingly on a prospective basis.

In order to determine the revenue recognition for contingent milestones, the Company evaluates the contingent milestones using the criteria as provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Boards (“FASB”) guidance on the milestone method of revenue recognition, as explained in ASU 2010-17, “Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition,” at the inception of a collaboration agreement. The criteria requires that (i) the Company determines if the milestone is commensurate with either its performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement of value resulting from the Company’s activities to achieve the milestone, (ii) the milestone be related to past performance, and (iii) the milestone be reasonable relative to all deliverable and payment terms of the collaboration arrangement. If these criteria are met then the contingent milestones can be considered as substantive milestones and will be recognized as revenue in the period that the milestone is achieved. Royalties are recognized as earned in accordance with the terms of various research and collaboration agreements.

Revenue from the sale of diagnostic products was recorded when there was persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists, delivery had occurred, the price was fixed and determinable or collectability was reasonably assured. Allowances, if any, were established for uncollectible amounts, estimated product returns and discounts. Since allowances were recorded based on management’s estimates, actual amounts may be different in the future.

Research and development costs

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred for clinical trials for patients and investigators are expensed as services are performed in accordance with the agreements in place with the institutions. Research and development costs include salaries and benefits, costs associated with producing biopharmaceutical compounds, laboratory supplies, the costs of conducting clinical trials, and facilities costs. In addition, the Company uses clinical research organizations (CRO) and contract manufacturing operations (CMO) to outsource portions of our research and development activities.

Common Stock Warrants

In connection with certain financing transactions in October 2016 and February 2017, the Company issued warrants and recorded them as liabilities due to certain net cash settlement provisions. The warrants were recorded at fair value using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The Black-Scholes valuation model takes into account, as of the valuation date, factors including the current exercise price, the term of the warrant, the current price of the underlying stock and its expected volatility, expected dividends on the stock, and the risk-free interest rate for the term of the warrant. These warrants are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until the warrants are exercised or expired, and any change in fair value is recognized as “change in the fair value of warrant liability” in the consolidated statements of operations.

Fair value measurements

Fair Value Measurements

The Company categorizes its financial instruments measured at fair value into a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used in determining the fair value of the asset or liability. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:


•	Level 1 - Financial instruments whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market which the company has the ability to access at the measurement date (examples include active exchange-traded securities and most United States Government and agency securities).


•	Level 2 - Financial instruments whose value are based on quoted market prices in markets where trading occurs infrequently or whose values are based on quoted prices of instruments with similar attributes in active markets.


•	Level 3 - Financial instruments whose values are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management's own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset.

The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, warrant liability, liabilities related to the sale of future royalties and Convertible Senior Notes. The carrying amount of accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses are generally considered to be representative of their respective fair values because of the short-term nature of those instruments as of June 30, 2018 and 2017.

Income taxes

Income Taxes

The Company uses the asset and liability method to account for income taxes, including the recognition of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities for the anticipated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statements amounts and their respective tax bases. The Company reviews its deferred tax assets for recovery. A valuation allowance is established when the Company believes that it is more likely than not that its deferred tax assets will not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances from period to period are included in the Company’s tax provision in the period of change. The Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2018 .

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act") was signed into law on December 22, 2017. Among its numerous changes to the Internal Revenue Code, the Act reduces United States corporate rates from 35% to 21%. Additionally, the Act limits the use of net operating loss carry backs, however any future net operating losses will instead be carried forward indefinitely. Only 80% of current income will be able to be offset with a net operating loss carryforward, with the remainder of the net operating loss continuing to carry forward. Based on an initial assessment of the Act, the Company believes that the most significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements will be reduction of deferred tax assets related to net operating losses and research and development tax credits. Such reduction is expected to be largely offset by changes to the Company's valuation allowance.

Net loss per share allocable to common stockholders

Net Loss Per Share Allocable to Common Stockholders

Net loss per basic and diluted common share allocable to common stockholders is based on the net loss for the relevant period, divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. For purposes of the diluted net loss per common share calculations, the exercise or exchange of all potential common shares is not included because their effect would have been anti-dilutive, due to the net loss recorded for fiscal years ended June 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The common stock equivalents excluded from the earnings per share calculation are 9,988,110, 66,069,081 and 26,665,296 for the fiscal years ended June 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.

Net comprehensive loss

Net Comprehensive Loss

Net comprehensive loss consists of net loss, unrealized loss on available for sale securities and foreign exchange translation adjustments and is presented in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

Stock-based compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company utilizes stock-based compensation in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, stock unit awards, performance shares, cash-based performance units and other stock-based awards, each of which may be granted separately or in tandem with other awards.

The grant-date fair value of stock awards is based upon the underlying price of the stock on the date of grant. The grant-date fair value of stock option awards must be determined using an option pricing model. Option pricing models require the use of estimates and assumptions as to (a) the expected term of the option, (b) the expected volatility of the price of the underlying stock and (c) the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing formula for determining the grant-date fair value of such awards. The fair value of option awards that vest based on achievement of certain market conditions are determined using a Monte Carlo simulation technique.

The expected term of the option is based upon the contractual term and expected employee exercise and expected post-vesting employment termination behavior. The expected volatility of the price of the underlying stock is based upon the historical volatility of the Company’s stock computed over a period of time equal to the expected term of the option. The risk free interest rate is based upon the implied yields currently available from the United States Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of the grant. Pre-vesting forfeiture rates are estimated based upon past voluntary termination behavior and past option forfeitures.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standard adopted during the year:

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting," which simplified several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. Public companies are required to adopt this standard in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. We implemented ASU 2016-09 effective July 1, 2017, which did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statement presentation.

Accounting Standards yet to be adopted:

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, "Compensation-Stock Compensation," to improve the usefulness of information provided to users of financial statements while reducing cost and complexity in financial reporting and provide guidance aligning the measurement and classification for share-based payments to nonemployees with the guidance for share-based payments to employees. Under the guidance, the measurement of equity-classified nonemployee awards will be fixed at the grant date. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within fiscal those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity's adoption date of Topic 606. We are currently assessing the impact of ASU 2018-07.

In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-18 "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.” The amendments in this update require that cash and cash equivalent balances in a statement of cash flows include those amounts deemed to be restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. ASU 2016-18 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. We do not anticipate a material impact on our financial statements and disclosures upon adoption of ASU 2016-18.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows: Clarification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments”, which eliminates the diversity in practice related to the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows, by adding or clarifying guidance on eight specific cash flow issues. ASU 2016-15 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. ASU 2016-15 provides for retrospective application for all periods presented. We are assessing the impact of ASU 2016-15 and will adopt it when effective.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases” and issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance contained within ASU 2017-13. This standard requires a lessee to record on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations (see Note 15) created by lease terms of more than 12 months. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and early application is permitted. We are currently assessing the impact of ASU 2016-02.

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (ASU 2014-09) and has subsequently issued a number of amendments to ASU 2014-09. The new standard, as amended, provides a single comprehensive model to be used in the accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The standard’s stated core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, ASU 2014-09 includes provisions within a five step model that includes identifying the contract with a customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and recognizing revenue when, or as, an entity satisfies a performance obligation. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

The new standard will be effective for us beginning July 1, 2018 and permits two methods of adoption: the full retrospective method, which requires the standard to be applied to each prior period presented, or the modified retrospective method, which requires the cumulative effect of adoption to be recognized as an adjustment to opening retained earnings in the period of adoption. We will adopt the standard using the modified retrospective method.

We don't anticipate adoption to have a material impact on our financial statements given our historical immaterial revenue. Adoption of this standard will require changes to our business processes, systems and controls to support the additional required disclosures. We are in the process of identifying and designing such changes to ensure our readiness as we plan to commercialize our product candidates in 2019.