	Three months ended						Six months ended
	June 30,						June 30,
	2019			2020			2019			2020
	(In millions)
Expected tax expense, at U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21%	$	1.6		$	.7		$	5.4		$	.5
Rate differences on equity in earnings of Kronos		(1.1	)		(2.2	)		(2.5	)		(5.4	)
U.S. state income taxes and other, net		.1			-			.3			.1
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	.6		$	(1.5	)	$	3.2		$	(4.8	)

Comprehensive provision (benefit) for income taxes allocable to:
Net income (loss)	$	.6		$	(1.5	)	$	3.2		$	(4.8	)
Additional paid-in capital		-			-			-			(.1	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Currency translation		.5			1.2			.5			(1.5	)
Pension plans		.2			.3			.4			.6
Total	$	1.3		$	-		$	4.1		$	(5.8	)

In accordance with GAAP, we recognize deferred income taxes on our undistributed equity in earnings (losses) of Kronos. Because we and Kronos are part of the same U.S. federal income tax group, any dividends we receive from Kronos are nontaxable to us. Accordingly, we do not recognize and we are not required to pay income taxes on dividends from Kronos. We received aggregate dividends from Kronos of $12.7 million in each of the first six months of 2019 and 2020. The amounts shown in the above table of our income tax rate reconciliation for rate differences on equity in earnings of Kronos are primarily attributable to the net effects of Kronos’ earnings and the income tax benefit related to the nontaxable dividends we receive from Kronos, as it relates to the amount of deferred income taxes we recognize on our undistributed equity in earnings (losses) of Kronos. Our equity in earnings of Kronos in 2020 is expected to be lower than our equity in earnings of Kronos in 2019.

On March 27, 2020, the “Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act” was signed into law in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to refundable payroll tax credits, deferment of employer side social security payments, modifications to net operating loss carryovers and carrybacks, modifications to the limitation of business interest for 2019 and 2020 and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. We have evaluated the relevant provisions of the CARES Act and do not expect the NOL carryback provisions to result in a cash tax benefit to us because we do not have any prior year refundable income taxes and other provisions of the CARES Act will not have a material impact on our tax provision.

Under the CARES Act, the modification to the business interest provisions increases the business interest limitation from 30% of adjusted taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable income which increases Kronos’ allowable interest expense deduction for 2019 and 2020. Consequently, in the first quarter of 2020 Kronos recognized a cash tax benefit of $.5 million related to the reversal of the valuation allowance recognized in 2019 for the portion of the disallowed interest expense Kronos did not expect to fully utilize at December 31, 2019 and has considered such modifications in its estimate of the effective tax rate. Kronos has determined other provisions of the CARES Act will not have a material impact on its provision for income taxes in 2020.