Noninterest Income - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 1,314	$ 1,057	$ 880
Revenue not from contracts with customer	1,424	783	341
Noninterest income	2,738	1,840	1,221
Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	5	3	2
Revenue not from contracts with customer	874	505	191
Noninterest income	879	508	193
Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	642	527	591
Revenue not from contracts with customer	66	79	47
Noninterest income	708	606	638
SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	49	3	3
Revenue not from contracts with customer	7	0	1
Noninterest income	56	3	4
SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	75	36	27
Revenue not from contracts with customer	412	190	95
Noninterest income	487	226	122
SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	543	488	257
Revenue not from contracts with customer	65	9	7
Noninterest income	608	497	264
Client investment fees
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	75	132	182
Client investment fees | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Client investment fees | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	73	129	180
Client investment fees | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	2	3	2
Client investment fees | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Client investment fees | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Spot contract commissions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	240	158	146
Spot contract commissions | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	1	1	0
Spot contract commissions | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	237	157	145
Spot contract commissions | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	2	0	1
Spot contract commissions | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Spot contract commissions | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Card interchange fees, gross
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	201	130	155
Card interchange fees, gross | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	2	2	1
Card interchange fees, gross | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	199	128	154
Card interchange fees, gross | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Card interchange fees, gross | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Card interchange fees, gross | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Merchant service fees
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	18	18	18
Merchant service fees | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Merchant service fees | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	18	18	18
Merchant service fees | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Merchant service fees | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Merchant service fees | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Deposit service charges
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	112	90	89
Deposit service charges | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	2	0	1
Deposit service charges | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	109	90	88
Deposit service charges | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	1	0	0
Deposit service charges | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Deposit service charges | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Investment banking revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	459	414	195
Investment banking revenue | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Investment banking revenue | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Investment banking revenue | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Investment banking revenue | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Investment banking revenue | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	459	414	195
Commissions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	79	67	56
Commissions | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Commissions | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Commissions | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Commissions | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Commissions | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	79	67	56
Fund management fees
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	67	39	33
Fund management fees | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Fund management fees | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Fund management fees | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Fund management fees | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	62	32	27
Fund management fees | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	5	7	6
Correspondent bank rebates
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	6	5	6
Correspondent bank rebates | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Correspondent bank rebates | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	6	5	6
Correspondent bank rebates | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Correspondent bank rebates | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Correspondent bank rebates | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Performance Fees [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	13	4
Performance Fees [Member] | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0
Performance Fees [Member] | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0
Performance Fees [Member] | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0
Performance Fees [Member] | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	13	4
Performance Fees [Member] | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0
Wealth management and trust fees
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	44	$ 0	$ 0
Wealth management and trust fees | Other Items
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0
Wealth management and trust fees | Global Commercial Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0
Wealth management and trust fees | SVB Private Bank
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	44
Wealth management and trust fees | SVB Capital
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0
Wealth management and trust fees | SVB Leerink
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 0