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Investment Securities - Major Components of Investment Securities Portfolio (Parenthetical) (Detail) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities $ 124,786,000 [1] $ 127,091,000 [1]
Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 701,076,000 [2] 665,921,000 [2]
Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 140,607,000 [3] 139,330,000 [3]
Cost method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 19,186,000 19,721,000
Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Number of investments 309 324
Non-marketable securities 160,870,000 [4] 161,884,000 [4]
SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 32,142,000 32,850,000
Percentage of ownership 12.60% 12.60%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 92,834,000 91,294,000
Percentage of ownership 8.60% 8.60%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 212,392,000 209,696,000
Percentage of ownership 5.90% 5.90%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 189,369,000 169,931,000
Percentage of ownership 5.00% 5.00%
Strategic Investors Fund V Funds | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 51,985,000 40,622,000
SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 54,919,000 53,643,000
Percentage of ownership 20.00% 20.00%
SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 59,835,000 60,120,000
Percentage of ownership 33.00% 33.00%
SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 80,966,000 [5] 79,761,000 [5]
Percentage of ownership 5.10% [5] 5.10% [5]
SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 1,138,000 [6] 1,303,000 [6]
Percentage of ownership 5.10% [6] 5.10% [6]
SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Direct ownership interest | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 1.30%  
SVB Capital Partners II, LP | Fair value accounting | Indirect ownership interest | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 3.80%  
Other private equity fund | Fair value accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 6,462,000 [7] 6,462,000 [7]
Percentage of ownership 58.20% [7] 58.20% [7]
Other private equity fund | Fair value accounting | Direct ownership interest | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 41.50%  
Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 39,971,000 43,493,000
Percentage of ownership 10.70% 10.70%
SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund | Fair value accounting | Other venture capital investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 3,849,000 3,837,000
Percentage of ownership 6.80% 6.80%
Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 9.30% [8] 9.30% [8]
Non-marketable securities 11,794,000 [8] 9,413,000 [8]
Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP | Equity method accounting | Direct ownership interest | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 4.80%  
Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP | Equity method accounting | Indirect ownership interest | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 4.50%  
Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 15.50% [9] 15.50% [9]
Non-marketable securities 20,047,000 [9] 20,893,000 [9]
Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP | Equity method accounting | Direct ownership interest | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership   11.50%
Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP | Equity method accounting | Indirect ownership interest | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership   4.00%
China Joint Venture investment | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 50.00% 50.00%
Non-marketable securities 79,210,000 78,545,000
Other investments | Equity method accounting | Other investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities 29,556,000 30,479,000
Upper Limit | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Percentage of ownership 5.00% 5.00%
Other Than Temporarily Impaired Securities | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Recognized other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses 500,000  
Number of other-than-temporary impaired investments 16  
Estimated Fair Value | Cost method accounting | Venture capital and private equity fund investments
   
Investment Holdings [Line Items]    
Non-marketable securities $ 200,000,000  
[1] The following table shows the amounts of other venture capital investments held by the following consolidated funds and our ownership percentage of each fund at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (fair value accounting): March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012(Dollars in thousands) Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership %Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP $39,971 10.7% $43,493 10.7%SVB Capital Partners II, LP (i) 80,966 5.1 79,761 5.1SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund 3,849 6.8 3,837 6.8Total other venture capital investments $124,786 $127,091 (i)At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
[2] The following table shows the amounts of venture capital and private equity fund investments held by the following consolidated funds and our ownership percentage of each fund at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (fair value accounting): March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012(Dollars in thousands) Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership %SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP $32,142 12.6% $32,850 12.6%SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP 92,834 8.6 91,294 8.6SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP 212,392 5.9 209,696 5.9SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP 189,369 5.0 169,931 5.0Strategic Investors Fund V Funds 51,985 Various 40,622 VariousSVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP 54,919 20.0 53,643 20.0SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP 59,835 33.0 60,120 33.0SVB Capital Partners II, LP (i) 1,138 5.1 1,303 5.1Other private equity fund (ii) 6,462 58.2 6,462 58.2Total venture capital and private equity fund investments $701,076 $665,921 (i)At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.(ii)At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 41.5 percent and indirect ownership interests of 12.6 percent and 4.1 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP and SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP, respectively.
[3] The following table shows the carrying value and our ownership percentage of each investment at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012 (equity method accounting): March 31, 2013 December 31, 2012(Dollars in thousands) Amount Ownership % Amount Ownership %Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP (i) $11,794 9.3% $9,413 9.3%Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP (ii) 20,047 15.5 20,893 15.5China Joint Venture investment 79,210 50.0 78,545 50.0Other investments 29,556 Various 30,479 VariousTotal other investments (equity method accounting) $140,607 $139,330 (i)At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 4.8 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Venture Lending Partners 03, LLC (“GHLLC”) of 4.5 percent. (ii)At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent.
[4] Represents investments in 309 and 324 funds (primarily venture capital funds) at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, respectively, where our ownership interest is less than 5% of the voting interests of each such fund and in which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the partnerships operating activities and financial policies. For the three months ended March 31, 2013, we recognized OTTI losses of $0.5 million resulting from other-than-temporary declines in value for 16 of the 309 investments. The OTTI losses are included in net gains on investment securities, a component of noninterest income. We concluded that any declines in value for the remaining investments were temporary and as such, no OTTI was required to be recognized. At March 31, 2013, the carrying value of these venture capital and private equity fund investments (cost method accounting) was $161 million, and the estimated fair value was $200 million.
[5] At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
[6] At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
[7] At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 41.5 percent and indirect ownership interests of 12.6 percent and 4.1 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP and SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP, respectively.
[8] At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 4.8 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Venture Lending Partners 03, LLC (“GHLLC”) of 4.5 percent.
[9] At March 31, 2013, we had a direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent.