Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

4. Fair Value Measurements

The Financial Accounting Standards Board literature regarding fair value measurements for certain assets and liabilities establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of “observable inputs” and minimize the use of “unobservable inputs.” The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

•Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2—Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

•Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

The table below segregates all of our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis into the most appropriate level within the fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date (amounts in millions):

			Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2023 Using
	As of March 31, 2023		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance Sheet Classification
Financial Assets:
Recurring fair value measurements:
Money market funds	$	8,888	$	8,888	$	—	$	—	Cash and cash equivalents
Equity securities	47		47		—		—		Other current assets
Foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges	3		—		3		—		Other current assets
Total	$	8,938	$	8,935	$	3	$	—
Financial Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges	$	(8)	$	—	$	(8)	$	—	Accrued expenses and other liabilities

			Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2022 Using
	As of December 31, 2022		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance Sheet Classification
Financial Assets:
Recurring fair value measurements:
Money market funds	$	6,639	$	6,639	$	—	$	—	Cash and cash equivalents
Equity securities	49		49		—		—		Other current assets
Foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges	6		—		6		—		Other current assets
Total	$	6,694	$	6,688	$	6	$	—
Financial Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges	$	(6)	$	—	$	(6)	$	—	Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts Designated as Hedges (“Cash Flow Hedges”)

The total gross notional amounts and fair values of our Cash Flow Hedges, which generally had remaining maturities of nine months or less as of March 31, 2023, are as follows (amounts in millions):

	As of March 31, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	Notional amount		Fair value gain (loss)		Notional amount		Fair value gain (loss)
Foreign Currency:
Buy USD, Sell EUR	$	475	$	(5)	$	509	$	—

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, pre-tax net realized gains (losses) associated with our Cash Flow Hedges that were reclassified out of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” and into earnings were not material.