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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 was 41.9% and 92.6%, respectively, compared to 15.9% and 7.4% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. The significant items impacting the 2018 rates include a provision for net state and foreign taxes, foreign withholding taxes related to dividends from a foreign subsidiary, certain permanent items, and a change in the valuation allowance established for the net deferred tax asset balance projected for December 31, 2018. The significant items impacting the 2017 rates include a provision for federal alternative minimum tax, a net state and foreign tax provision, certain permanent items, and a change in the valuation allowance established for the net deferred tax asset balance that had been projected for December 31, 2017. We recognize valuation allowances on deferred tax assets if, based on the weight of the evidence, we determine it is more likely than not such assets will not be realized. Changes in valuation allowances are included in our tax provision in the period of change. In determining whether a valuation allowance is warranted, we evaluate factors such as prior years’ earnings history, expected future earnings, loss carry-back and carry-forward periods, reversals of existing deferred tax liabilities and tax planning strategies that potentially enhance the likelihood of the realization of a deferred tax asset. At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, substantially all of our net deferred tax assets were subject to a valuation allowance.

As indicated in the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K, certain tax accounting items impacted by the Tax Act were considered provisional due to limited availability of official guidance. No items considered provisional in the 2017 Form 10-K have been finalized as of the quarter ending June 30, 2018.