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Stock-Based Compensation
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation Stock–Based Compensation
Valley maintains an incentive compensation plan to provide additional long-term incentives to employees, directors and officers whose contributions are essential to the continued growth and success of Valley. Under the plan, Valley may issue awards to its officers, employees and non-employee directors in amounts up to 14.5 million, subject to certain adjustments. As of September 30, 2024, 9.3 million shares of common stock were available for issuance under the plan.
RSUs are awarded as performance-based RSUs and time-based RSUs. The performance-based RSU awards are granted to certain officers and include RSUs subject to vesting conditions based upon certain levels of growth in Valley's tangible book value per share, plus dividends; and RSUs subject to vesting conditions based upon Valley's total shareholder return as compared to its peer group.
The table below summarizes RSU awards granted and average grant date fair values for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:
Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2024202320242023
(in thousands, except per share data)
Award shares granted:
Performance-based RSUs — — 958 723 
Time-based RSUs196 111 3,183 1,842 
Average grant date fair value per share:
Performance-based RSUs $— $— $7.88 $12.80 
Time-based RSUs$8.11 $9.26 $8.44 $11.41 
Stock award fair values are expensed over the shorter of the vesting or required service period. Valley recorded total stock-based compensation expense of approximately $7.3 million and $8.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $23.0 million and $25.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, the unrecognized amortization expense for all stock-based employee compensation totaled approximately $37.0 million. This expense will be recognized over
an average remaining vesting period of approximately 1.9 years. See Note 12 in Valley’s Annual Report for additional information on the stock-based compensation awards.