Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Jan. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

In the first quarter of fiscal 2024, the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors awarded RSUs to independent directors not employed by the Company that will vest, and shares of Class A common stock will be issued, on the first anniversary of the date of the grant. The RSU awards replace option grants for Class A common stock previously awarded to independent directors. In addition, stock option grants for employees and contractors for Class A common shares were issued, as follows:


	Nine Months Ended January 31,
	2024	2023
Awards granted:
Options	1,485,000	1,519,000
RSUs	95,411	—
Total awards granted	1,580,411	1,519,000

The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the fair value of each RSU award is estimated on the date of grant using the fair value method. The forfeiture rates are estimated using historical data. We recorded total compensation cost related to stock options and RSUs of approximately $1.6 million and $1.3 million of which, $0 and $8,000 was included in discontinued operations, and income tax expense of approximately $69,000 from option expirations and income tax benefits of approximately $4,000 from option exercises during the three months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We recorded total compensation cost related to stock options and RSUs of approximately $4.7 million and $3.9 million, of which $0 and $16,000 was included in discontinued operations, and income tax expense of approximately $69,000 from option expirations and income tax benefits of approximately $67,000 from option exercises during the nine months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We record stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period directly to additional paid-in capital.

During the nine months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023, we issued 26,253 and 140,800 shares of Class A common stock, respectively, resulting from the exercise of stock options. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended January 31, 2024 and 2023 based on market value at the exercise dates was approximately $40,000 and $589,000, respectively. As of January 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock option and RSU awards approximated $14.6 million, respectively, which we expect to recognize over a weighted average period of 1.71 years.