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Borrowings - Narrative (Details)
12 Months Ended
Jul. 14, 2017
USD ($)
Aug. 10, 2015
USD ($)
Nov. 01, 2013
USD ($)
investor
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2015
USD ($)
Sep. 15, 2012
Jul. 02, 2007
USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Total available remaining borrowing capacity from FHLB       $ 638,668,000        
Putable advances with the FHLB       $ 351,072,000 $ 314,986,000      
Debt face amount     $ 70,000,000          
Private debt issuance, number of institutional investors | investor     4          
5.00% Senior Notes Due 2028                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Redemption price (percent)       100.00%        
5% Senior Notes Due 2028 and 6.75% Subordinated Notes due 2028                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt term with fixed interest rate     10 years          
Putable Advances                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Putable advances with the FHLB       $ 55,000,000        
Minimum                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Required value of assets pledged as collateral as a percentage to outstanding advances       145.00%        
Interest rate, minimum (as a percent)       1.07%        
Maximum                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Interest rate, minimum (as a percent)       5.09%        
Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Maximum amount of outstanding agreements       $ 191,603,000 143,016,000      
Total of average agreements       136,274,000 124,762,000      
Debt outstanding       187,946,000        
Subordinated Debentures and Term Loans                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt outstanding       $ 138,685,000 $ 138,463,000      
Subordinated Debenture | 6.75% Subordinated Notes Due 2028                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt face amount     $ 65,000,000          
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)     6.75%          
Redemption price (percent)       100.00%        
Subordinated Debenture | Three-Month LIBOR | 6.75% Subordinated Notes Due 2028                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)       4.095%        
Subordinated Debenture | First Merchant Capital Trust II                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt outstanding       $ 51,702,000        
Debt face amount               $ 56,702,000
Cancellation of debt, amount   $ 5,000,000            
Gain from cancellation of debt   $ 1,250,000            
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)       3.45% 4.35%   6.495%  
Subordinated Debenture | First Merchant Capital Trust II | Three-Month LIBOR                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)       1.56%        
Subordinated Debenture | Ameriana Capital Trust I                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt face amount           $ 10,310,000    
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)       3.39% 4.29%      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)       1.50%        
Subordinated Debenture | Grabill Capital Trust I                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt face amount $ 10,310,000              
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)       4.53% 5.08%      
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent) 2.60%              
Senior Notes | 5.00% Senior Notes Due 2028                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Debt face amount     $ 5,000,000          
Interest rate on notes (as a percent)     5.00%          
Senior Notes | Three-Month LIBOR | 5.00% Senior Notes Due 2028                
Debt Instrument [Line Items]                
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)       2.345%