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Loans and Allowance
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans and Allowance
LOANS AND ALLOWANCE
 
The Corporation’s primary lending focus is small business and middle market commercial, commercial real estate, residential real estate and consumer, which results in portfolio diversification.  The following tables show the composition of the loan portfolio, the allowance for loan losses and certain credit quality aspects, all excluding loans held for sale.  Loans held for sale as of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, were $1,262,000 and $2,929,000, respectively.

The following table shows the composition of the Corporation’s loan portfolio by loan class for the periods indicated:

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016
Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,258,840


$
1,194,646

Agricultural production financing and other loans to farmers
77,021


79,689

Real estate loans:
 


Construction
336,931


418,703

Commercial and farmland
2,118,431


1,953,062

Residential
737,918


739,169

Home equity
423,708


418,525

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
77,590


77,479

Lease financing receivables, net of unearned income
261


311

Other commercial loans
244,209


258,061

  Loans
$
5,274,909


$
5,139,645

Allowance for loan losses
(68,225
)

(66,037
)
             Net Loans
$
5,206,684


$
5,073,608



 
Allowance, Credit Quality and Loan Portfolio

The Corporation maintains an allowance for loan losses to cover probable credit losses identified during its loan review process. Management believes the allowance for loan losses is adequate to cover probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2017.  The process for determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is critical to the Corporation’s financial results.  It requires management to make difficult, subjective and complex judgments, to estimate the effect of uncertain matters.  The allowance for loan losses considers current factors, including economic conditions and ongoing internal and external examinations, and will increase or decrease as deemed necessary to ensure it remains adequate.  In addition, the allowance as a percentage of charge-offs and nonperforming loans will change at different points in time based on credit performance, portfolio mix and collateral values.

The allowance for loan losses is maintained through the provision for loan losses, which is a charge against earnings. The allowance is increased by provision expense and decreased by charge-offs less recoveries. All charge-offs are approved by the Bank’s senior loan officers or loan committees, depending on the amount of the charge-off. The Bank charges off a loan when a determination is made that all or a portion of the loan is uncollectible. The amount provided for loan losses in a given period may be greater than or less than net loan losses experienced during the period, and is based on management’s judgment as to the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses. The determination of the provision amount is based on management’s ongoing review and evaluation of the loan portfolio, including an internally administered loan "watch" list and independent loan reviews.  The evaluation takes into consideration identified credit problems, the possibility of losses inherent in the loan portfolio that are not specifically identified and management’s judgment as to the impact of the current environment and economic conditions on the portfolio.

The allowance consists of specific impairment reserves as required by ASC 310-10-35, a component for historical losses in accordance with ASC 450 and the consideration of current environmental factors in accordance with ASC 450. A loan is deemed impaired when, based on current information or events, it is probable that all amounts due of principal and interest according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected.

The historical loss allocation for loans not deemed impaired according to ASC 450 is the product of the volume of loans within the non-impaired criticized and non-criticized risk grade classifications, each segmented by call code, and the historical loss factor for each respective classification and call code segment. The historical loss factors are based upon actual loss experience within each risk and call code classification. The historical look back period for non-criticized loans looks to the most recent rolling-four-quarter average and aligns with the look back period for non-impaired criticized loans. Each of the rolling four quarter periods used to obtain the average, include all charge-offs for the previous twelve-month period, therefore the historical look back period includes seven quarters. The resulting allocation is reflective of current conditions. Criticized loans are grouped based on the risk grade assigned to the loan. Loans with a special mention grade are assigned a loss factor, and loans with a classified grade but not impaired are assigned a separate loss factor. The loss factor computation for this allocation includes a segmented historical loss migration analysis of risk grades to charge-off.


In addition to the specific reserves and historical loss components of the allowance, consideration is given to various environmental factors to ensure that losses inherent in the portfolio are reflected in the allowance for loan losses. The environmental component adjusts the historical loss allocations for non-impaired loans to reflect relevant current conditions that, in management's opinion, have an impact on loss recognition. Environmental factors that management reviews in the analysis include: national and local economic trends and conditions; trends in growth in the loan portfolio and growth in higher risk areas; levels of, and trends in, delinquencies and non-accruals; experience and depth of lending management and staff; adequacy of, and adherence to, lending policies and procedures including those for underwriting; industry concentrations of credit; and adequacy of risk identification systems and controls through the internal loan review and internal audit processes.

In conformance with ASC 805 and ASC 820, loans purchased after December 31, 2008 are recorded at the acquisition date fair value. Such loans are included in the allowance to the extent a specific impairment is identified that exceeds the fair value adjustment on an impaired loan or the historical loss and environmental factor analysis indicates losses inherent in a purchased portfolio exceeds the fair value adjustment on the portion of the purchased portfolio not deemed impaired.

The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for loan losses by loan segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017, and March 31, 2016:
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Consumer

Residential

Finance
Leases

Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 

 

 

 

 

 
Balances, December 31, 2016
$
27,696


$
23,661


$
2,923


$
11,755


$
2


$
66,037

Provision for losses
1,197


247


249


692




2,385

Recoveries on loans
366


564


101


237




1,268

Loans charged-off
(735
)

(152
)

(153
)

(425
)



(1,465
)
Balances, March 31, 2017
$
28,524


$
24,320


$
3,120


$
12,259


$
2


$
68,225

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Consumer

Residential

Finance
Leases

Total
Allowance for loan losses:
 

 

 

 

 

 
Balances, December 31, 2015
$
26,478


$
22,145


$
2,689


$
11,139


$
2


$
62,453

Provision for losses
139


214


33


164





550

Recoveries on loans
292


952


78


312





1,634

Loans charged-off
(645
)

(994
)

(153
)

(759
)



(2,551
)
Balances, March 31, 2016
$
26,264


$
22,317


$
2,647


$
10,856


$
2


$
62,086

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


The following tables show the Corporation’s allowance for loan losses and loan portfolio by segment as of the periods indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Consumer

Residential

Finance
Leases

Total
Allowance Balances:
 

 

 

 

 

 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
36


$
829




$
317




$
1,182

Collectively evaluated for impairment
28,488


23,491


$
3,120


11,942


$
2


67,043

Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality
















Total Allowance for Loan Losses
$
28,524


$
24,320


$
3,120


$
12,259


$
2


$
68,225

Loan Balances:
 

 

 

 

 

 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
3,314


$
21,701


$
8


$
4,444




$
29,467

Collectively evaluated for impairment
1,573,619


2,405,977


77,582


1,155,610


$
261


5,213,049

Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality
3,137


27,684





1,572





32,393

Loans
$
1,580,070


$
2,455,362


$
77,590


$
1,161,626


$
261


$
5,274,909




 
December 31, 2016
 
Commercial

Commercial
Real Estate

Consumer

Residential

Finance
Leases

Total
Allowance Balances:
 

 

 

 

 

 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
37


$
553




$
298




$
888

Collectively evaluated for impairment
27,659


23,108


$
2,923


11,457


$
2


65,149

Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality
















Total Allowance for Loan Losses
$
27,696


$
23,661


$
2,923


$
11,755


$
2


$
66,037

Loan Balances:
 

 

 

 

 

 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
4,762


$
21,358


$
9


$
4,450




$
30,579

Collectively evaluated for impairment
1,520,981


2,315,686


77,470


1,151,396


$
311


5,065,844

Loans Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality
6,653


34,721





1,848





43,222

Loans
$
1,532,396


$
2,371,765


$
77,479


$
1,157,694


$
311


$
5,139,645


 
 
The risk characteristics of the Corporation’s material portfolio segments are as follows:

Commercial

Commercial loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers.

Commercial real estate

These loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria. In addition, management tracks the level of owner-occupied commercial real estate loans versus non-owner occupied loans.

Consumer and Residential

With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences and are typically owner occupied, the Corporation generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer loans are secured by consumer assets such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer loans are unsecured such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers.

Loans are reclassified to a non-accruing status when, in management’s judgment, the collateral value and financial condition of the borrower do not justify accruing interest. When the interest accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against earnings when considered uncollectable. Payments subsequently received on non-accrual loans are applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable, typically after a minimum of six consecutive months of performance.  Payments received on impaired accruing or delinquent loans are applied to interest income as accrued.

The following table summarizes the Corporation’s non-accrual loans by loan class as of the periods indicated:

March 31, 2017

December 31, 2016
Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,975


$
1,839

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
665


1,329

Real estate loans:
 

 
Construction
71


73

Commercial and farmland
14,536


15,754

Residential
9,284


9,523

Home equity
1,324


1,457

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
65


23

Total
$
27,920


$
29,998



Commercial impaired loans include non-accrual loans, loans accounted for under ASC 310-30, and loans risk graded as substandard, doubtful and loss that were still accruing but deemed impaired according to the guidance set forth in ASC 310. Also included in impaired loans are accruing loans that are contractually past due 90 days or more and troubled debt loan restructures.

Allowable methods for determining the amount of impairment include estimating fair value using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans. If the impaired loan is identified as collateral dependent, then the fair value method of measuring the amount of impairment is utilized.  This method requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor to the value. The fair value of real estate is generally based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The appraisers typically determine the value of the real estate by utilizing an income or market valuation approach. If an appraisal is not available, the fair value may be determined by using a cash flow analysis. Fair value on other collateral such as business assets is typically ascertained by assessing, either singularly or some combination of, asset appraisals, accounts receivable aging reports, inventory listings and or customer financial statements. Both appraised values and values based on borrower’s financial information are discounted as considered appropriate based on age and quality of the information and current market conditions.

The following tables show the composition of the Corporation’s commercial impaired loans by loan class as of the periods indicated:
 
March 31, 2017
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance

Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
 

 


Commercial and industrial loans
$
13,715


$
5,786




Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
14


5




Real estate Loans:
 

 


Construction
589







Commercial and farmland
63,743


46,185




Residential
7,664


4,335




Home equity
82


43




Other commercial loans
8







Total
$
85,815


$
56,354




Impaired loans with related allowance:
 

 


Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
$
660


$
660


$
36

Real estate Loans:
 

 

 
Commercial and farmland
3,686


3,026


829

Residential
65


34


23

Total
$
4,411


$
3,720


$
888

Total Impaired Loans
$
90,226


$
60,074


$
888


 
December 31, 2016
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Related
Allowance
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial loans
$
17,645

 
$
10,074

 
 
Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
757

 
680

 
 
Real estate Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Construction
5,946

 
3,178

 
 
Commercial and farmland
67,936

 
49,731

 
 
Residential
8,039

 
4,664

 
 
Home equity
82

 
44

 
 
Other commercial loans
11

 


 
 
Total
$
100,416

 
$
68,371

 
 
Impaired loans with related allowance:
 
 
 
 
 
Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
$
660


$
660


$
36

Real estate Loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and farmland
4,238

 
2,985

 
553

Residential
65

 
34

 
23

Total
$
4,963

 
$
3,679

 
$
612

Total Impaired Loans
$
105,379

 
$
72,050

 
$
612


 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 
Average
Recorded Investment

Interest
Income Recognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
 

 
Commercial and industrial loans
$
8,571


$
48

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
145



Real estate Loans:
 

 
Commercial and farmland
46,680


577

Residential
4,471


41

Home equity
43




Total
$
59,910


$
666

Impaired loans with related allowance:
 

 
Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
$
660




Real estate Loans:
 

 
Commercial and farmland
3,032



Residential
34



Total
$
3,726



Total Impaired Loans
$
63,636


$
666

 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
 
Average
Recorded Investment

Interest
Income Recognized
Impaired loans with no related allowance:
 

 
Commercial and industrial loans
$
12,052


$
109

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
716


1

Real estate Loans:



Construction
4,262


85

Commercial and farmland
65,461


871

Residential
7,746


58

Home equity
225




Total
$
90,462


$
1,124

Impaired loans with related allowance:



Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,363


$
9

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
1,315



Real estate Loans:



Commercial and farmland
1,756




Residential
879



Total
$
5,313


$
9

Total Impaired Loans
$
95,775


$
1,133




As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to: (i) the level of criticized commercial loans, (ii) net charge-offs, (iii) non-performing loans and (iv) the general national and local economic conditions.
 
The Corporation utilizes a risk grading of pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss to assess the overall credit quality of large commercial loans. All large commercial credit grades are reviewed at a minimum of once a year for pass grade loans. Loans with grades below pass are reviewed more frequently depending on the grade. A description of the general characteristics of these grades is as follows:

Pass - Loans that are considered to be of acceptable credit quality.
Special Mention - Loans which possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness, which deserves close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Corporation's credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Corporation to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. The key distinctions of this category's classification are that it is indicative of an unwarranted level of risk; and weaknesses are considered “potential”, not “defined”, impairments to the primary source of repayment. Examples include businesses that may be suffering from inadequate management, loss of key personnel or significant customer or litigation.

Substandard - A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified have a well-defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Other characteristics may include:
 
o
the likelihood that a loan will be paid from the primary source of repayment is uncertain or financial deterioration is underway and very close attention is warranted to ensure that the loan is collected without loss,
 
o
the primary source of repayment is gone, and the Corporation is forced to rely on a secondary source of repayment, such as collateral liquidation or guarantees,
 
o
loans have a distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if deficiencies are not corrected,
 
o
unusual courses of action are needed to maintain a high probability of repayment,
 
o
the borrower is not generating enough cash flow to repay loan principal; however, it continues to make interest payments,
 
o
the Corporation is forced into a subordinated or unsecured position due to flaws in documentation,
 
o
loans have been restructured so that payment schedules, terms and collateral represent concessions to the borrower when compared to the normal loan terms,
 
o
the Corporation is seriously contemplating foreclosure or legal action due to the apparent deterioration of the loan, and
 
o
there is significant deterioration in market conditions to which the borrower is highly vulnerable.

Doubtful - Loans that have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard. However, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values, these weaknesses make full collection of principal highly questionable and improbable. Other credit characteristics may include the primary source of repayment is gone or there is considerable doubt as to the quality of the secondary sources of repayment. The possibility of loss is high, but because of certain important pending factors that may strengthen the loan, loss classification is deferred until the exact status of repayment is known.

Loss – Loans that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuing to carry them as an asset is not warranted. Loans will be classified as Loss when it is neither practical not desirable to defer writing off or reserving all or a portion of a basically worthless asset, even though partial recovery may be possible at some time in the future.

The following tables summarize the credit quality of the Corporation’s loan portfolio, by loan class for the periods indicated.  Consumer non-performing loans include accruing consumer loans 90 plus days delinquent and consumer non-accrual loans.  The entire balance of a loan is considered delinquent if the minimum payment contractually required to be made is not received by the specified date. Loans that evidenced deterioration of credit quality since origination and it was probable, at acquisition, that all contractually required payments would not be collected are included in the applicable categories below.
 
March 31, 2017
 
Commercial
Pass

Commercial
Special
Mention

Commercial Substandard

Commercial
Doubtful

Commercial Loss

Consumer Performing

Consumer
Non-Performing

Total
Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,190,546


$
25,537


$
42,757







 

 

$
1,258,840

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
23,236


34,044


19,741


 



 

 

77,021

Real estate Loans:
 

 

 

 



 

 

 
Construction
319,724


5,138


58






$
11,940


$
71


336,931

Commercial and farmland
1,963,654


65,537


87,197


$
1,687




351


5


2,118,431

Residential
148,677


4,497


5,679







571,451


7,614


737,918

Home equity
9,588


47


352


 



412,339


1,382


423,708

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
 

 

 

 



77,503


87


77,590

Lease financing receivables, net of unearned income
261


 



 









261

Other commercial loans
243,339




870


 



 

 

244,209

Loans
$
3,899,025


$
134,800


$
156,654


$
1,687




$
1,073,584


$
9,159


$
5,274,909


 
December 31, 2016
 
Commercial
Pass

Commercial
Special
Mention

Commercial Substandard

Commercial
Doubtful

Commercial Loss

Consumer Performing

Consumer
Non-Performing

Total
Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,117,545


$
30,919


$
46,182






 

 

$
1,194,646

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
30,712


25,273


23,704


 



 

 

79,689

Real estate Loans:


 



 



 

 

 
Construction
398,646


3,490


1,858


 



$
14,636


$
73


418,703

Commercial and farmland
1,811,367


60,028


80,626






1,034


7


1,953,062

Residential
146,251


5,106


6,046






574,054


7,712


739,169

Home equity
7,310


47


516


 



409,237


1,415


418,525

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
 

 

 

 



77,456


23


77,479

Lease financing receivables, net of unearned income
228


 

83


 








311

Other commercial loans
257,861





200


 



 

 

258,061

Loans
$
3,769,920


$
124,863


$
159,215






$
1,076,417


$
9,230


$
5,139,645




The tables below show a past due aging of the Corporation’s loan portfolio, by loan class, as of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016.
 
March 31, 2017
 
Current

30-59 Days
Past Due

60-89 Days
Past Due

Loans > 90 Days
And Accruing

Non-Accrual

Total Past Due
& Non-Accrual

Total
Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,255,950


$
915








$
1,975


$
2,890


$
1,258,840

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
75,251


1,105








665


1,770


77,021

Real estate loans:


 

 

 



 

 
Construction
336,027


833






71


904


336,931

Commercial and farmland
2,098,174


5,076


$
645





14,536


20,257


2,118,431

Residential
725,168


2,836


630





9,284


12,750


737,918

Home equity
421,202


906


175


$
101


1,324


2,506


423,708

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
77,175


285


43


22


65


415


77,590

Lease financing receivables, net of unearned income
261




 









261

Other commercial loans
244,209




 

 







244,209

Loans
$
5,233,417


$
11,956


$
1,493


$
123


$
27,920


$
41,492


$
5,274,909


 
December 31, 2016
 
Current

30-59 Days
Past Due

60-89 Days
Past Due

Loans > 90 Days
And Accruing

Non-Accrual

Total Past Due
& Non-Accrual

Total
Commercial and industrial loans
$
1,192,079


$
466


$
162


$
100


$
1,839


$
2,567


$
1,194,646

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
78,360









1,329


1,329


79,689

Real estate loans:
 

 

 

 

 



 
Construction
415,975


2,655





 


73


2,728


418,703

Commercial and farmland
1,932,896


1,385


3,027




15,754


20,166


1,953,062

Residential
725,338


3,664


635


9


9,523


13,831


739,169

Home equity
415,969


850


246


3


1,457


2,556


418,525

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
76,929


470


57





23


550


77,479

Lease financing receivables, net of unearned income
311


 

 

 





311

Other commercial loans
258,061


 



 







258,061

Loans
$
5,095,918


$
9,490


$
4,127


$
112


$
29,998


$
43,727


$
5,139,645

 
See the information regarding the analysis of loan loss experience in the "LOAN QUALITY/PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES" section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included as ITEM 2 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


On occasion, borrowers experience declines in income and cash flow. As a result, these borrowers seek to reduce contractual cash outlays including debt payments. Concurrently, in an effort to preserve and protect its earning assets, specifically troubled loans, the Corporation works to maintain its relationship with certain customers who are experiencing financial difficulty by contractually modifying the borrower's debt agreement with the Corporation. In certain loan restructuring situations, the Corporation may grant a concession to a debtor experiencing financial difficulty, resulting in a trouble debt restructuring. A concession is deemed to be granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Corporation does not expect to collect all original amounts due, including interest accrued at the original contract rate. If the payment of principal at original maturity is primarily dependent on the value of collateral, the current value of the collateral is considered in determining whether the principal will be paid.

The following tables summarize troubled debt restructurings in the Corporation's loan portfolio that occurred during the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Pre-Modification
Recorded
Balance

Post-Modification
Recorded
Balance

Number
of
Loans
Real estate loans:
 

 

 
Commercial and farmland
$
107


$
241


3

Residential
121


122


2

Home equity
122







Total
$
350


$
363


5

 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

Pre-Modification
Recorded
Balance

Post-Modification
Recorded
Balance

Number
of
Loans
Commercial and industrial loans
$
260

 
$
260

 
3

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
465

 
331

 
2

Real estate loans:
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and farmland
352

 
352

 
1

Residential
113

 
133

 
3

Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures
13

 
13

 
1

Total
$
1,203

 
$
1,089

 
10




The following tables summarize the recorded investment of troubled debt restructurings as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, by modification type, that occurred during the periods indicated:

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Term
Modification

Rate
Modification

Combination

Total
Modification
Real estate loans:
 

 

 


Commercial and farmland





$
241


$
241

Residential


$
122





122

Total


$
122


$
241


$
363

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

Term
Modification

Rate
Modification

Combination

Total
Modification
Commercial and industrial loans




$
260


$
260

Agriculture production financing and other loans to farmers
 
 
$
331

 
 
 
331

Real estate loans:
 

 

 


Commercial and farmland





351


351

Residential


123





123

Individuals loans for household and other personal expenditures
 

13





13

Total


$
467


$
611


$
1,078


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Loans secured by commercial and farmland real estate made up 66 percent of the post-modification balance of troubled debt restructured loans made in the three months ended March 31, 2017.


The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures that occurred during the twelve months ended March 31, 2017, that subsequently defaulted during the period indicated and remained in default at period end. For purposes of this discussion, a loan is considered in default if it is 30 or more days past due.

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Number of
Loans

Recorded
Balance
Real estate loans:
 

 
Commercial and farmland
1


$
223

Total
1


$
223



Three Months Ended March 31, 2016

Number of
Loans

Recorded
Balance
Commercial and industrial loans
3

$
260

Real estate loans:
 

 
Commercial and farmland
1

717

Total
4

$
977




For potential consumer loan restructures, impairment evaluation occurs prior to modification. Any subsequent impairment is typically addressed through the charge-off process, or may be addressed through a specific reserve. Consumer troubled debt loan restructures are generally included in the general historical allowance for loan loss at the post modification balance. Consumer non-accrual and delinquent troubled debt loan restructures are also considered in the calculation of the non-accrual and delinquency trend environmental allowance allocation. Consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $1,104,000 and $1,530,000 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

Commercial troubled debt restructured loans risk graded special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss are individually evaluated for impairment under ASC 310. Any resulting specific reserves are included in the allowance for loan losses. Commercial 30 - 89 day delinquent troubled debt loan restructures are included in the calculation of the delinquency trend environmental allowance allocation. All commercial non-impaired loans, including non-accrual and 90+ day delinquents, are included in the ASC 450 loss migration analysis.