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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
(9) INCOME TAXES
The provision for income taxes for the three months ended June 30, 2020 is based on our projected annual effective tax rate for fiscal year 2021, adjusted for specific items that are required to be recognized in the period in which they are incurred.
Our effective tax rates for the three months ended June 30, 2020 was 22 percent, as compared to negative 226 percent, for the same period in fiscal year 2020. During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we completed an intra-entity sale of some of our intellectual property rights to our Swiss subsidiary, where our international business is headquartered (the “Swiss intra-entity sale”), resulting in the recognition of a $1.17 billion net Swiss deferred tax asset, which will reverse over a 20-year period. In addition, the opinion of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in Altera Corp. v Commissioner (the “Altera opinion”) resulted in the recognition of $90 million of unrecognized tax benefits related to U.S. uncertain tax positions during the three months ended June 30, 2019. Excluding the Swiss intra-entity sale and Altera opinion, the effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2019 would have been 22 percent.
When compared to the statutory rate of 21 percent, the effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2020 was slightly higher primarily due to the recognition of the current year Swiss deferred tax asset reversal and U.S. taxes on foreign earnings.
We are subject to income tax examinations in various jurisdictions with respect to fiscal years after 2010. The timing and potential resolution of income tax examinations is highly uncertain. The total unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2020 were $660 million:
Balance as of March 31, 2020$983  
Increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior year tax positions—  
Decreases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior year tax positions(344) 
Increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to current year tax positions18  
Decreases in unrecognized tax benefits related to settlements with taxing authorities—  
Reductions in unrecognized tax benefits due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations—  
Changes in unrecognized tax benefits due to foreign currency translation 
Balance as of June 30, 2020$660  
While we continue to measure our uncertain tax positions, the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities may differ materially from the amounts accrued. In the period ended June 30, 2020, the Supreme Court of the United States denied Altera’s appeal of the Altera opinion, resulting in a partial decrease of our unrecognized tax benefits, as well as a reclassification of approximately $80 million of non-current payable to current payable. A complete resolution and settlement of the matters underlying the Altera opinion is reasonably possible within the next 12 months, which would result in an additional reduction of our gross unrecognized tax benefits. However, it is uncertain whether a complete resolution and settlement of such matters would also result in resolution of all related and unrelated U.S. positions for all applicable years. Therefore, it is not possible to provide a range of potential outcomes associated with a reversal of our gross unrecognized tax benefits.
Our foreign subsidiaries will generally be subject to U.S. tax, and to the extent earnings from these subsidiaries can be repatriated without a material tax cost, such earnings will not be indefinitely reinvested. As of June 30, 2020, approximately $3.2 billion of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments were domiciled in foreign tax jurisdictions, of which approximately $1.2 billion is available for immediate repatriation without a material tax cost.
Every quarter, we perform a realizability analysis to evaluate whether it is more likely than not that all or a portion of our deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of June 30, 2020, we have recognized a $131 million valuation allowance related to our Swiss deferred tax assets, which represents no change from the period ended March 31, 2020.