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Segment Information and Concentrations
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information and Concentrations
15. SEGMENT INFORMATION AND CONCENTRATIONS

The Company manages and reports the following three segments:

•
Software - Our software offerings include industry-based software platforms, applications and application suites for the financial services, retail, hospitality and small business industries. We also offer a portfolio of other industry-oriented software applications including cash management software, video banking software, fraud and loss prevention applications, check and document imaging, remote-deposit capture and customer-facing mobile and digital banking applications for the financial services industry; and secure electronic and mobile payment solutions, sector-specific point of sale software applications, and back-office inventory and store and restaurant management applications for the retail and hospitality industries. Additionally, we provide ongoing software support and maintenance services, as well as consulting and implementation services for our software solutions.
•
Services - Our global end-to-end services solutions include assessment and preparation, staging, installation, implementation, and maintenance and support for our solutions. We also provide systems management and complete managed services for our product offerings. In addition, we provide installation, maintenance and servicing for third party networking products and computer hardware from select manufacturers.
•
Hardware - Our hardware solutions include our suite of financial-oriented self-service ATM-related hardware, and our retail- and hospitality-oriented point of sale (POS) terminal, self-checkout (SCO) kiosk and related hardware. We also offer other self-service kiosks, such as self-check in/out kiosks for airlines, and wayfinding solutions for buildings and campuses.

These segments represent components of the Company for which separate financial information is available that is utilized on a regular basis by the chief operating decision maker in assessing segment performance and in allocating the Company's resources. Management evaluates the performance of the segments based on revenue and segment operating income. Assets are not allocated to segments, and thus are not included in the assessment of segment performance, and consequently, we do not disclose total assets by reportable segment.
The accounting policies used to determine the results of the operating segments are the same as those utilized for the consolidated financial statements as a whole. Intersegment sales and transfers are not material.
To maintain operating focus on business performance, non-operational items are excluded from the segment operating results utilized by our chief operating decision maker in evaluating segment performance and are separately delineated to reconcile back to total reported income from operations.

The following table presents revenue and operating income by segment:
In millions
Three months ended September 30
 
Nine months ended September 30
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Revenue by segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software License
$
80

 
$
79

 
$
218

 
$
241

Software Maintenance
92

 
95

 
276

 
278

Cloud
158

 
149

 
468

 
436

Professional Services
150

 
153

 
448

 
437

Software
480

 
476

 
1,410

 
1,392

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Services
616

 
609

 
1,827

 
1,754

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ATM
237

 
273

 
612

 
709

SCO
60

 
79

 
236

 
276

POS
157

 
221

 
519

 
588

IPS
—

 
5

 
—

 
15

Hardware
454

 
578

 
1,367

 
1,588

Consolidated revenue
1,550

 
1,663

 
4,604

 
4,734

Operating income (loss) by segment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
127

 
148

 
351

 
399

Services
90

 
88

 
229

 
206

Hardware
(56
)
 
(2
)
 
(106
)
 
(1
)
Subtotal - segment operating income
161

 
234

 
474

 
604

Other adjustments (1)
36

 
35

 
346

 
115

Income from operations
$
125

 
$
199

 
$
128

 
$
489



(1) 
The following table presents the other adjustments for NCR:
In millions
Three months ended September 30
 
Nine months ended September 30
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Transformation and restructuring costs
$
16

 
$
5

 
$
98

 
$
26

Asset impairment charges
—

 
—

 
183

 
—

Acquisition-related amortization of intangible assets
20

 
29

 
64

 
86

Acquisition-related costs
—

 
1

 
1

 
3

Total other adjustments
$
36

 
$
35


$
346

 
$
115



The following table presents revenue by geography for NCR:
In millions
Three months ended September 30
 
Nine months ended September 30
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Americas
$
898

 
$
989

 
$
2,662

 
$
2,751

Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA)
414

 
448

 
1,240

 
1,324

Asia Pacific (APJ)
238

 
226

 
702

 
659

Total revenue
$
1,550

 
$
1,663

 
$
4,604

 
$
4,734



The following table presents revenue from products and services for NCR:
In millions
Three months ended September 30
 
Nine months ended September 30
2018
 
2017
 
2018
 
2017
Product revenue
$
534

 
$
657

 
$
1,585

 
$
1,829

Professional services and installation services revenue
276

 
278

 
803

 
766

Recurring revenue, including maintenance and cloud revenue
740

 
728

 
2,216

 
2,139

Total revenue
$
1,550

 
$
1,663

 
$
4,604

 
$
4,734