Revenues Revenues

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Revenues [Abstract]

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]

Revenues

Revenue Recognition

The Company principally generates revenue from merchandising and transporting agricultural commodities, and manufacturing products for use in food, beverages, feed, energy, and industrial applications, and ingredients and solutions for human and animal nutrition. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract with a customer. The Company follows a policy of recognizing revenue at a single point in time when it satisfies its performance obligation by transferring control over a product or service to a customer. The majority of the Company’s contracts with customers have one performance obligation and a contract duration of one year or less. The Company applies the practical expedient in paragraph 10-50-14 of Topic 606 and does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have original expected durations of one year or less. For transportation service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time as the mode of transportation moves towards its destination in accordance with the transfer of control guidance of Topic 606. The Company recognized revenue from transportation service contracts of $761 million, $818 million, and $606 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. For physically settled derivative sales contracts that are outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by ASC 610-20.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Shipping and handling costs related to contracts with customers for the sale of goods are accounted for as a fulfillment activity and are included in cost of products sold. Accordingly, amounts billed to customers for such costs are included as a component of revenues.

Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities

The Company does not include taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are (i) imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected from customers, in the measurement of transactions prices or as a component of revenues and cost of products sold.

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities relate to advance payments from customers for goods and services the Company has yet to provide. Contract liabilities of $626 million and $694 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, were recorded in accrued expenses and other payables in the consolidated balance sheet. Revenues recognized in the year ended December 31, 2023 from the December 31, 2022 contract liabilities were $469 million.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The following tables present revenue disaggregated by timing of recognition and major product lines for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

	Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Topic 606 Revenue						Topic 815(1)		Total
	Point in Time		Over Time		Total		Revenue		Revenues
	(In millions)
Ag Services and Oilseeds
Ag Services	$	4,110	$	761	$	4,871	$	42,549	$	47,420
Crushing	470		—		470		13,550		14,020
Refined Products and Other	2,295		—		2,295		9,691		11,986
Total Ag Services and Oilseeds	6,875		761		7,636		65,790		73,426
Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	7,431		—		7,431		2,454		9,885
Vantage Corn Processors	2,989		—		2,989		—		2,989
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	10,420		—		10,420		2,454		12,874
Nutrition
Human Nutrition	3,634		—		3,634		—		3,634
Animal Nutrition	3,577		—		3,577		—		3,577
Total Nutrition	7,211		—		7,211		—		7,211
Total Segment Revenues	24,506		761		25,267		68,244		93,511
Other Business	424		—		424		—		424
Total Revenues	$	24,930	$	761	$	25,691	$	68,244	$	93,935

	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Topic 606 Revenue						Topic 815(1)		Total
	Point in Time		Over Time		Total		Revenue		Revenues
	(In millions)
Ag Services and Oilseeds
Ag Services	$	4,053	$	818	$	4,871	$	48,310	$	53,181
Crushing	573		—		573		12,566		13,139
Refined Products and Other	2,724		—		2,724		10,519		13,243
Total Ag Services and Oilseeds	7,350		818		8,168		71,395		79,563
Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	7,696		—		7,696		2,555		10,251
Vantage Corn Processors	3,710		—		3,710		—		3,710
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	11,406		—		11,406		2,555		13,961
Nutrition
Human Nutrition	3,769		—		3,769		—		3,769
Animal Nutrition	3,867		—		3,867		—		3,867
Total Nutrition	7,636		—		7,636		—		7,636
Total Segment Revenues	26,392		818		27,210		73,950		101,160
Other Business	396		—		396		—		396
Total Revenues	$	26,788	$	818	$	27,606	$	73,950	$	101,556

	Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Topic 606 Revenue						Topic 815(1)		Total
	Point in Time		Over Time		Total		Revenue		Revenues
	(In millions)
Ag Services and Oilseeds
Ag Services	$	2,831	$	606	$	3,437	$	41,580	$	45,017
Crushing	441		—		441		10,927		11,368
Refined Products and Other	2,458		—		2,458		8,204		10,662
Total Ag Services and Oilseeds	5,730		606		6,336		60,711		67,047
Carbohydrate Solutions
Starches and Sweeteners	5,866		—		5,866		1,745		7,611
Vantage Corn Processors	3,499		—		3,499		—		3,499
Total Carbohydrate Solutions	9,365		—		9,365		1,745		11,110
Nutrition
Human Nutrition	3,189		—		3,189		—		3,189
Animal Nutrition	3,523		—		3,523		—		3,523
Total Nutrition	6,712		—		6,712		—		6,712
Total Segment Revenues	21,807		606		22,413		62,456		84,869
Other Business	380		—		380		—		380
Total Revenues	$	22,187	$	606	$	22,793	$	62,456	$	85,249

(1) Topic 815 revenue relates to the physical delivery or the settlement of the Company’s sales contracts accounted for as derivatives and are outside the scope of Topic 606.

Ag Services and Oilseeds

The Ag Services and Oilseeds segment generates revenue from the sale of commodities, from service fees for the transportation of goods, from the sale of products manufactured in its global processing facilities, and from its structured trade finance activities. Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in the contract. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over a product or providing service to a customer. For transportation service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time as the mode of transportation moves towards its destination in accordance with the transfer of control guidance of Topic 606. The amount of revenue recognized follows the contractually specified price which may include freight or other contractually specified cost components. For physically settled derivative sales contracts outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by Topic 610-20. The Company engages in various structured trade finance activities to leverage its global trade flows whereby the Company obtains letters of credit (LCs) to guarantee payments on both global purchases and sales of grain. LCs guaranteeing payment on grain sales are sold on a non-recourse basis with no continuing involvement. The Company earns returns from the difference in interest rates between the LCs that guarantee payment on the underlying purchases and sales of grain given the differing risk profiles of the underlying transactions. The net return related to structured trade finance activities is included in revenue and is not significant for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

Carbohydrate Solutions

The Carbohydrate Solutions segment generates revenue from the sale of products manufactured at the Company’s global corn and wheat milling facilities around the world. Revenue is recognized when control over products is transferred to the customer. Products are shipped to customers from the Company’s various facilities and from its network of storage terminals. The

amount of revenue recognized is based on the consideration specified in the contract which could include freight and other costs depending on the specific shipping terms of each contract. For physically settled derivative sales contracts outside the scope of Topic 606, the Company recognizes revenue when control of the inventory is transferred within the meaning of Topic 606 as required by Topic 610-20.

Nutrition

The Nutrition segment sells ingredients and solutions including plant-based proteins, natural flavors, flavor systems, natural colors, emulsifiers, soluble fiber, polyols, hydrocolloids, probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, botanical extracts, edible beans, formula feeds, animal health and nutrition products, pet food and treats, and other specialty food and feed ingredients. Revenue is recognized when control over products is transferred to the customer. The amount of revenue recognized follows the contracted price or the mutually agreed price of the product. Freight and shipping are recognized as a component of revenue at the same time control transfers to the customer.

Other Business

Other Business includes the Company’s futures commission business whose primary sources of revenue are commissions and brokerage income generated from executing orders and clearing futures contracts and options on futures contracts on behalf of its customers. Commissions and brokerage revenue are recognized on the date the transaction is executed. Other Business also includes the Company’s captive insurance business which generates third party revenue through its proportionate share of premiums from third-party reinsurance pools. Reinsurance premiums are recognized on a straight-line basis over the period underlying the policy.