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Income Taxes (Narrative) (Details) (USD $)
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2014
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Tax assets related to net operating loss carry-forwards related to certain international subsidiaries $ 329,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign $ 329,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign $ 305,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsForeign
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance 329,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance 329,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance 347,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets, Recognized in Earnings 82,000,000adm_ValuationAllowanceonDeferredTaxAssetsRecognizedinEarnings    
Deferred Tax Assets, Tax Credit Carryforwards   107,000,000adm_CurrentandPriorPeriodIncomeTaxBenefit  
Prior Period Income Tax Benefit Recognized in the Current Period 84,000,000adm_PriorPeriodIncomeTaxBenefitRecognizedintheCurrentPeriod 55,000,000adm_PriorPeriodIncomeTaxBenefitRecognizedintheCurrentPeriod  
Valuation Allowance on Deferred Tax Assets, Recognized in Earnings, Per Share $ 0.12adm_ValuationAllowanceonDeferredTaxAssetsRecognizedinEarningsPerShare    
Tax assets related to net operating loss carry-forwards related to capital losses 24,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsCapitalLossCarryforwards 24,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsCapitalLossCarryforwards 21,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsCapitalLossCarryforwards
Tax assets related to excess foreign tax credits 26,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsForeign 26,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsForeign 76,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwardsForeign
State tax attributes 74,000,000adm_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseStateTaxAttributesNet 74,000,000adm_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseStateTaxAttributesNet 70,000,000adm_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxDeferredExpenseStateTaxAttributesNet
Approximate undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries and affiliated corporate joint venture companies accounted for on the equity method     8,600,000,000adm_ApproximateUndistributedEarningsOfSubsidiariesAndJointVentures
Accrued interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits 18,000,000us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued 18,000,000us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued 21,000,000us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationPenaltiesAndInterestAccrued
Positive impact on the tax expense if the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits were recognized by the Company at one time     62,000,000us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsThatWouldImpactEffectiveTaxRate
Capital Loss Carryforward [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance     21,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardAxis
= us-gaap_CapitalLossCarryforwardMember
Domestic Tax Authority [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance 41,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember
41,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember
 
State Income Tax Attributes Net of Federal Tax Benefit [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance 53,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_StateIncomeTaxAttributesNetofFederalTaxBenefitMember
53,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_StateIncomeTaxAttributesNetofFederalTaxBenefitMember
51,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_StateIncomeTaxAttributesNetofFederalTaxBenefitMember
Brazilian Federal Revenue Service [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance 17,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_BrazilianFederalRevenueServiceMember
17,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_BrazilianFederalRevenueServiceMember
 
Number of separate tax assessments     3adm_IncomeTaxExaminationNumberofTaxAssessments
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_BrazilianFederalRevenueServiceMember
Tax assessment including penalty and interest     493,000,000adm_EstimatedTaxAssessmentIncludingPenaltiesandInterest
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_BrazilianFederalRevenueServiceMember
Estimated additional tax assessment     57,000,000adm_EstimatedAdditionalTaxAssessment
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_BrazilianFederalRevenueServiceMember
Argentine Tax Authorities [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Estimated additional tax assessment     325,000,000adm_EstimatedAdditionalTaxAssessment
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_ArgentineTaxAuthoritiesMember
Tax assessment including interest     93,000,000adm_EstimatedTaxAssessmentIncludingInterest
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_ArgentineTaxAuthoritiesMember
Foreign [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Tax assets related to net operating loss carry-forwards related to certain international subsidiaries with no expiration date     274,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsNotSubjectToExpiration
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember
Tax assets related to net operating loss carry-forwards related to certain international subsidiaries with expiration date     31,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwardsSubjectToExpiration
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember
Valuation allowance recorded against tax assets related to net operating loss carry-forwards related to certain international subsidiaries 196,000,000us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember
196,000,000us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember
218,000,000us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember
German Tax Authority [Member]      
Income Taxes [Line Items]      
Deferred Tax Assets, Valuation Allowance $ 103,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_GermanTaxAuthorityMember
$ 103,000,000us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance
/ us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis
= adm_GermanTaxAuthorityMember