Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

The components of income before income taxes and income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are as follows (in thousands):



	Years ended December 31,
	2016			2015			2014
Income before income taxes:
Domestic	$	13,988		$	18,656		$	38,359
Foreign	16,046			10,967			4,464
Total income before income taxes	$	30,034		$	29,623		$	42,823

Income tax expense (benefit):
Current:
Federal	$	5,511		$	6,802		$	11,799
State and local	1,152			1,418			2,600
Foreign	4,885			3,710			1,439
Total current	11,548			11,930			15,838
Deferred:
Federal	(1,039		)	(198		)	(9		)
State and local	56			23			(23		)
Foreign	(778		)	(921		)	(81		)
Total deferred	(1,761		)	(1,096		)	(113		)
Total income tax expense	$	9,787		$	10,834		$	15,725

Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes. The sources and tax effects of the differences are as follows:



	December 31,
	2016		2015		2014
Federal income tax rate	35.0	%	35.0	%	35.0	%
State and local taxes net of federal benefit	2.4		3.2		4.3
Domestic production deduction	(0.6	)	(0.6	)	(3.7	)
Foreign tax rate differential	(5.8	)	(4.3	)	(0.2	)
Permanent differences	4.8		2.1		2.0
Other	(3.2	)	1.2		(0.7	)
Effective tax rate	32.6	%	36.6	%	36.7	%

Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities

Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):



	December 31,
	2016			2015
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$	357		$	692
Accrued liabilities and other	3,156			2,807
Stock-based compensation expense	910			569
Net federal, state and foreign operating loss carryforwards	1,292			1,039
Foreign tax credit carryforwards	1,207			—
Deferred tax assets	6,922			5,107
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets	(1,320		)	(1,194		)
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets, property and equipment, principally due to difference in depreciation and amortization	7,668			7,519
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(2,066	)	$	(3,606	)