Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2024

The FASB authoritative guidance regarding fair value measurements establishes a fair-value hierarchy and prioritizes the inputs used in valuation techniques that measure fair value. Those inputs are prioritized into three levels. Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for assets or liabilities that the Company can access at the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly at the measurement date. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability at the measurement date. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment, and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.

The following table sets forth, by level within the fair value hierarchy, the Company's financial assets and liabilities (as applicable) that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.


Recurring Fair Value Measures	At fair value as of March 31, 2024
(Thousands of Dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting Adjustments(1)		Total(1)
Assets:
Cash Equivalents – Money Market Mutual Funds	$	27,965	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	27,965

Derivative Financial Instruments:

Over the Counter Swaps – Gas	—		154,896		—		(17,371)		137,525
Over the Counter No Cost Collars – Gas	—		55,909		—		—		55,909
Contingent Consideration for Asset Sale	—		3,615		—		—		3,615
Foreign Currency Contracts	—		222		—		(980)		(758)
Other Investments:
Balanced Equity Mutual Fund	18,291		—		—		—		18,291
Fixed Income Mutual Fund	16,591		—		—		—		16,591


Total	$	62,847	$	214,642	$	—	$	(18,351)	$	259,138

Liabilities:
Derivative Financial Instruments:

Over the Counter Swaps – Gas	$	—	$	17,371	$	—	$	(17,371)	$	—

Foreign Currency Contracts	—		980		—		(980)		—
Total	$	—	$	18,351	$	—	$	(18,351)	$	—

Total Net Assets/(Liabilities)	$	62,847	$	196,291	$	—	$	—	$	259,138


Recurring Fair Value Measures	At fair value as of September 30, 2023
(Thousands of Dollars)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Netting Adjustments(1)		Total(1)
Assets:
Cash Equivalents – Money Market Mutual Funds	$	39,332	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	39,332

Derivative Financial Instruments:

Over the Counter Swaps – Gas	—		65,800		—		(37,508)		28,292
Over the Counter No Cost Collars – Gas	—		30,966		—		(14,745)		16,221
Contingent Consideration for Asset Sale	—		7,277		—		—		7,277
Foreign Currency Contracts	—		150		—		(1,453)		(1,303)
Other Investments:
Balanced Equity Mutual Fund	15,837		—		—		—		15,837
Fixed Income Mutual Fund	15,897		—		—		—		15,897



Total	$	71,066	$	104,193	$	—	$	(53,706)	$	121,553

Liabilities:
Derivative Financial Instruments:

Over the Counter Swaps – Gas	$	—	$	68,311	$	—	$	(37,508)	$	30,803
Over the Counter No Cost Collars – Gas	—		14,950		—		(14,745)		205
Foreign Currency Contracts	—		1,454		—		(1,453)		1
Total	$	—	$	84,715	$	—	$	(53,706)	$	31,009

Total Net Assets/(Liabilities)	$	71,066	$	19,478	$	—	$	—	$	90,544

(1)Netting Adjustments represent the impact of legally-enforceable master netting arrangements that allow the Company to net gain and loss positions held with the same counterparties. The net asset or net liability for each counterparty is recorded as an asset or liability on the Company’s balance sheet.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The derivative financial instruments reported in Level 2 at March 31, 2024 and September 30, 2023 include natural gas price swap agreements, natural gas no cost collars, and foreign currency contracts, all of which are used in the Company’s Exploration and Production segment. The fair value of the Level 2 price swap agreements and no cost collars is based on an

internal cash flow model that uses observable inputs (i.e. SOFR based discount rates for the price swap agreements and basis differential information, if applicable, at active natural gas trading markets). The fair value of the Level 2 foreign currency contracts is determined using the market approach based on observable market transactions of forward Canadian currency rates.

The authoritative guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures require consideration of the impact of nonperformance risk (including credit risk) from a market participant perspective in the measurement of the fair value of assets and liabilities. At March 31, 2024, the Company determined that nonperformance risk associated with the price swap agreements, no cost collars and foreign currency contracts would have no material impact on its financial position or results of operation. To assess nonperformance risk, the Company considered information such as any applicable collateral posted, master netting arrangements, and applied a market-based method by using the counterparty's (assuming the derivative is in a gain position) or the Company’s (assuming the derivative is in a loss position) credit default swaps rates.

Derivative financial instruments reported in Level 2 at March 31, 2024 also includes the contingent consideration associated with the sale of the Exploration and Production segment's California assets on June 30, 2022. The terms of the purchase and sale agreement specified that the Company could receive up to three annual contingent payments between calendar year 2023 and calendar year 2025, not to exceed $10 million per year, with the amount of each annual payment calculated at $1.0 million for each $1 per barrel that the ICE Brent Average for each calendar year exceeds $95 per barrel up to $105 per barrel. The calendar 2023 contingency period expired with the ICE Brent Average falling below $95 per barrel. The fair value of the contingent consideration was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation model that uses observable inputs, including the ICE Brent closing price as of the valuation date, initial and max trigger price, volatility, risk-free rate, time of maturity and counterparty risk.

For the quarters ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, there were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value and classified as Level 3.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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