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Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
 6 Months Ended
Apr. 27, 2025
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]  
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
Summary of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
The following tables summarize our cash, cash equivalents and investments by security type:
 
April 27, 2025CostGross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value
 (In millions)
Cash$1,440 $— $— $1,440 
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds*
2,534 — — 2,534 
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits100 — — 100 
Municipal securities50 — — 50 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes2,045 — — 2,045 
Total cash equivalents4,729 — — 4,729 
Total cash and cash equivalents$6,169 $— $— $6,169 
Short-term and long-term investments:
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits$9 $— $— $9 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities393 2 — 395 
Non-U.S. government securities**
8 — — 8 
Municipal securities449 2 2 449 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes871 4 1 874 
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities626 2 3 625 
Total fixed income securities2,356 10 6 2,360 
Publicly traded equity securities1,365 175 20 1,520 
Equity investments in privately held companies300 63 27 336 
Total equity investments1,665 238 47 1,856 
Total short-term and long-term investments$4,021 $248 $53 $4,216 
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments$10,190 $248 $53 $10,385 
_________________________
*Excludes $75 million of restricted cash equivalents invested in money market funds related to deferred compensation plans.
**Includes Canadian provincial government debt.
October 27, 2024CostGross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair Value
 (In millions)
Cash$1,313 $— $— $1,313 
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds*
3,421 — — 3,421 
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits90 — — 90 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities1,394 — — 1,394 
Municipal securities19 — — 19 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes1,785 — — 1,785 
Total cash equivalents6,709 — — 6,709 
Total cash and cash equivalents$8,022 $— $— $8,022 
Short-term and long-term investments:
Bank certificates of deposit and time deposits$13 $— $— $13 
U.S. Treasury and agency securities1,306 — 2 1,304 
Non-U.S. government securities**
5 — — 5 
Municipal securities441 2 2 441 
Commercial paper, corporate bonds and medium-term notes803 4 2 805 
Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities656 3 5 654 
Total fixed income securities3,224 9 11 3,222 
Publicly traded equity securities543 185 5 723 
Equity investments in privately held companies255 58 22 291 
Total equity investments798 243 27 1,014 
Total short-term and long-term investments$4,022 $252 $38 $4,236 
Total cash, cash equivalents and investments$12,044 $252 $38 $12,258 
 _________________________
*Excludes $91 million of restricted cash equivalents invested in money market funds related to deferred compensation plans.
**Includes Canadian provincial government debt.
 
During the three months ended April 27, 2025 and April 28, 2024, interest income from our cash, cash equivalents and fixed income securities was $101 million and $118 million, respectively.
During the six months ended April 27, 2025 and April 28, 2024, interest income from our cash, cash equivalents and fixed income securities was $217 million and $221 million, respectively.
Maturities of Investments
The following table summarizes the contractual maturities of our investments as of April 27, 2025:
 
CostEstimated
Fair Value
 (In millions)
Due in one year or less$512 $512 
Due after one through five years1,215 1,220 
Due after five years3 3 
No single maturity date*2,291 2,481 
Total$4,021 $4,216 
 _________________________
*Securities with no single maturity date include publicly traded and privately held equity securities and asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities.
Gains and Losses on Investments
During the three and six months ended April 27, 2025 and April 28, 2024 gross realized gains and losses on our fixed income portfolio were not material.
As of April 27, 2025 and October 27, 2024, gross unrealized losses related to our fixed income portfolio were not material. We regularly review our fixed income portfolio to identify and evaluate investments that have indications of possible impairment from credit losses or other factors. Factors considered in determining whether an unrealized loss is considered to be a credit loss include: the significance of the decline in value compared to the cost basis; the financial condition, credit quality and near-term prospects of the investee; and whether it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security prior to recovery. Credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities are recorded as an allowance for credit losses through interest and other income (expense), net. Any additional changes in fair value that are not related to credit losses are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI). During the three and six months ended April 27, 2025 and April 28, 2024, we did not recognize material credit losses and the ending allowance for credit losses was not material to our fixed income portfolio.
The components of gain (loss) on equity investments for the three and six months ended April 27, 2025 and April 28, 2024 were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
April 27,
2025		April 28,
2024		April 27,
2025		April 28,
2024
 (In millions)
Publicly traded equity securities
Unrealized gain $110 $25 $113 $312 
Unrealized loss(28)(1)(139)(3)
Realized gain on sales and dividends22 2 25 2 
Realized loss on sales or impairment— — — (1)
Equity investments in privately held companies
Unrealized gain— — 7 1 
Unrealized loss(2)(4)(7)(10)
Realized gain on sales and dividends1 1 7 3 
Realized loss on sales or impairment(5)— (5)— 
Total gain (loss) on equity investments, net$98 $23 $1 $304