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Industry Segment Operations
 12 Months Ended
Oct. 25, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Industry Segment Operations Industry Segment Operations
Applied’s three reportable segments are: Semiconductor Systems, Applied Global Services, and Display and Adjacent Markets. As defined under the accounting literature, Applied’s chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the President and Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. Segment information is presented based upon Applied’s management organization structure as of October 25, 2020 and the distinctive nature of each segment. Future changes to this internal financial structure may result in changes to Applied’s reportable segments.
The Semiconductor Systems reportable segment includes semiconductor capital equipment for etch, rapid thermal processing, deposition, chemical mechanical planarization, metrology and inspection, wafer packaging, and ion implantation.
The Applied Global Services segment provides integrated solutions to optimize equipment and fab performance and productivity, including spares, upgrades, services, certain remanufactured earlier generation equipment and factory automation software for semiconductor, display and other products.
The Display and Adjacent Markets segment includes products for manufacturing liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), equipment upgrades and flexible coating systems and other display technologies for TVs, monitors, laptops, personal computers, smart phones, and other consumer-oriented devices.
Each operating segment is separately managed and has separate financial results that are reviewed by Applied’s chief operating decision-maker. Each reportable segment contains closely related products that are unique to the particular segment. Segment operating income is determined based upon internal performance measures used by Applied’s chief operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker does not evaluate operating segments using total asset information.
Applied derives the segment results directly from its internal management reporting system. The accounting policies Applied uses to derive reportable segment results are substantially the same as those used for external reporting purposes. Management measures the performance of each reportable segment based upon several metrics including orders, net sales and operating income. Management uses these results to evaluate the performance of, and to assign resources to, each of the reportable segments.
The Corporate and Other category includes revenues from products, as well as costs of products sold, for fabricating solar photovoltaic cells and modules, and certain operating expenses that are not allocated to its reportable segments and are managed separately at the corporate level. These operating expenses include costs related to share-based compensation; certain management, finance, legal, human resources, and research, development and engineering functions provided at the corporate level; and unabsorbed information technology and occupancy. In addition, Applied does not allocate to its reportable segments restructuring and asset impairment charges and any associated adjustments related to restructuring actions, unless these actions pertain to a specific reportable segment. Segment operating income also excludes interest income/expense and other financial charges and income taxes. Management does not consider the unallocated costs in measuring the performance of the reportable segments.
Information for each reportable segment for and as of the end of each fiscal year were as follows:
 
Net SalesOperating
Income (Loss)		Depreciation/
Amortization		Capital
Expenditures		Accounts ReceivableInventories
 (In millions)
2020:
Semiconductor Systems $11,367 $3,714 $219 $226 $2,061 $2,139 
Applied Global Services4,155 1,127 34 30 764 1,545 
Display and Adjacent Markets1,607 291 31 29 179 195 
Corporate and Other73 (767)92 137 (41)25 
Total$17,202 $4,365 $376 $422 $2,963 $3,904 
2019:
Semiconductor Systems$9,027 $2,464 $202 $168 $1,543 $1,703 
Applied Global Services3,854 1,101 25 47 790 1,535 
Display and Adjacent Markets1,651 294 22 43 246 214 
Corporate and Other76 (509)114 183 (46)22 
Total$14,608 $3,350 $363 $441 $2,533 $3,474 
2018:
Semiconductor Systems$10,577 $3,441 $303 $168 $1,597 $2,215 
Applied Global Services3,754 1,102 21 33 630 1,243 
Display and Adjacent Markets2,298 574 20 39 142 246 
Corporate and Other76 (626)113 382 (46)17 
Total$16,705 $4,491 $457 $622 $2,323 $3,721 
Semiconductor Systems and Display and Adjacent Markets revenues are recognized at a point in time. Applied Global Services revenue is recognized at a point in time for tangible goods such as spare parts and equipment, and over time for service agreements. The majority of revenue recognized over time is recognized within 12 months of the contract inception.
Net sales for Semiconductor Systems by end use application for the periods indicated were as follows:

202020192018
Foundry, logic and other59 %52 %36 %
Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM)20 %22 %27 %
Flash memory21 %26 %37 %
100 %100 %100 %

The reconciling items included in Corporate and Other were as follows:
202020192018
 (In millions)
Unallocated net sales$73 $76 $76 
Unallocated cost of products sold and expenses(533)(322)(444)
Share-based compensation(307)(263)(258)
Total$(767)$(509)$(626)

For geographical reporting, revenue by geographic location is determined by the location of customers’ facilities to which products were shipped. Long-lived assets consist primarily of property, plant and equipment and are attributed to the geographic location in which they are located. Net sales and long-lived assets by geographic region for and as of each fiscal year were as follows:
 
202020192018
 (In millions)
Net sales:
United States$1,619 $1,871 $1,413 
China5,456 4,277 5,047 
Korea3,031 1,929 3,539 
Taiwan3,953 2,965 2,504 
Japan1,996 2,198 2,396 
Europe736 820 1,009 
Southeast Asia411 548 797 
Total outside United States15,583 12,737 15,292 
Consolidated total$17,202 $14,608 $16,705 

October 25,
2020		October 27,
2019
 (In millions)
Long-lived assets:
United States$1,628 $1,539 
China14 20 
Korea21 24 
Taiwan59 56 
Japan16 16 
Europe21 28 
Southeast Asia18 23 
Total outside United States149 167 
Consolidated total$1,777 $1,706 
The following customers accounted for at least 10 percent of Applied’s net sales in each fiscal year, which were for products and services in multiple reportable segments:
202020192018
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.18 %*13 %
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited18 %14 %*
Intel Corporation*12 %11 %
______________________________
* Less than 10%