Industry Segment Operations

Applied’s three reportable segments are: Semiconductor Systems, Applied Global Services, and Display and Adjacent Markets. As defined under the accounting literature, Applied’s chief operating decision-maker has been identified as the President and Chief Executive Officer, who reviews operating results to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance for the entire Company. Segment information is presented based upon Applied’s management organization structure as of April 28, 2019 and the distinctive nature of each segment. Future changes to this internal financial structure may result in changes to Applied’s reportable segments.

The Semiconductor Systems reportable segment includes semiconductor capital equipment for etch, rapid thermal processing, deposition, chemical mechanical planarization, metrology and inspection, wafer packaging, and ion implantation.

The Applied Global Services segment provides integrated solutions to optimize equipment and fab performance and productivity, including spares, upgrades, services, certain remanufactured earlier generation equipment and factory automation software for semiconductor, display and other products.

The Display and Adjacent Markets segment includes products for manufacturing liquid crystal displays (LCDs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), equipment upgrades and flexible coating systems and other display technologies for TVs, monitors, laptops, personal computers, smart phones, and other consumer-oriented devices.

Each operating segment is separately managed and has separate financial results that are reviewed by Applied’s chief operating decision-maker. Each reportable segment contains closely related products that are unique to the particular segment. Segment operating income is determined based upon internal performance measures used by Applied’s chief operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-maker does not evaluate operating segments using total asset information.

Applied derives the segment results directly from its internal management reporting system. The accounting policies Applied uses to derive reportable segment results are substantially the same as those used for external reporting purposes. Management measures the performance of each reportable segment based upon several metrics including orders, net sales and operating income. Management uses these results to evaluate the performance of, and to assign resources to, each of the reportable segments.

The Corporate and Other category includes revenues from products, as well as costs of products sold, for fabricating solar photovoltaic cells and modules, and certain operating expenses that are not allocated to its reportable segments and are managed separately at the corporate level. These operating expenses include costs related to share-based compensation; certain management, finance, legal, human resources, and research, development and engineering functions provided at the corporate level; and unabsorbed information technology and occupancy. In addition, Applied does not allocate to its reportable segments restructuring and asset impairment charges and any associated adjustments related to restructuring actions, unless these actions pertain to a specific reportable segment. Segment operating income also excludes interest income/expense and other financial charges and income taxes. Management does not consider the unallocated costs in measuring the performance of the reportable segments.

Net sales and operating income (loss) for each reportable segment were as follows:



	Three Months Ended					Six Months Ended
	Net Sales		Operating Income (Loss)			Net Sales		Operating Income (Loss)

	(In millions)
April 28, 2019:
Semiconductor Systems	$	2,184	$	579		$	4,452	$	1,210
Applied Global Services	984		283			1,946		568
Display and Adjacent Markets	348		42			855		157
Corporate and Other	23		(128		)	39		(251		)
Total	$	3,539	$	776		$	7,292	$	1,684
April 29, 2018:
Semiconductor Systems	$	2,901	$	992		$	5,753	$	2,016
Applied Global Services	945		279			1,826		534
Display and Adjacent Markets	719		210			1,162		300
Corporate and Other	14		(189		)	43		(343		)
Total	$	4,579	$	1,292		$	8,784	$	2,507

Net sales by geographic region, determined by the location of customers’ facilities to which products were shipped to, were as follows:



	Three Months Ended								Six Months Ended
	April 28, 2019				April 29, 2018				April 28, 2019				April 29, 2018

	(In millions, except percentages)
China	$	993	28	%	$	1,300	28	%	$	1,961	27	%	$	2,264	26	%
Korea	441		13	%	1,232		27	%	1,013		14	%	2,435		28	%
Taiwan	794		22	%	666		15	%	1,450		20	%	1,407		16	%
Japan	520		15	%	502		11	%	1,171		16	%	984		11	%
Southeast Asia	119		3	%	242		5	%	279		4	%	435		5	%
Asia Pacific	2,867		81	%	3,942		86	%	5,874		81	%	7,525		86	%
United States	457		13	%	345		8	%	907		12	%	715		8	%
Europe	215		6	%	292		6	%	511		7	%	544		6	%
Total	$	3,539	100	%	$	4,579	100	%	$	7,292	100	%	$	8,784	100	%

Net sales for Semiconductor Systems by end use application for the periods indicated were as follows:



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	April 28, 2019		April 29, 2018		April 28, 2019		April 29, 2018
Foundry, logic and other	58	%	30	%	51	%	33	%
Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM)	18	%	32	%	19	%	29	%
Flash memory	24	%	38	%	30	%	38	%
	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

The reconciling items included in Corporate and Other were as follows:



	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	April 28, 2019			April 29, 2018			April 28, 2019			April 29, 2018

	(In millions)
Unallocated net sales	$	23		$	14		$	39		$	43
Unallocated cost of products sold and expenses	(86		)	(139		)	(160		)	(257		)
Share-based compensation	(65		)	(64		)	(130		)	(129		)
Total	$	(128	)	$	(189	)	$	(251	)	$	(343	)

The following customers accounted for at least 10 percent of Applied’s net sales for the six months ended April 28, 2019, and sales to these customers included products and services from multiple reportable segments.



	Percentage of Net Sales
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited	15	%
Intel Corporation	12	%
Toshiba	11	%
SK Hynix Inc.	11	%