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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

13.  Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate was 41.9% for the three months ended March 31, 2017, higher than the statutory rate due to losses in jurisdictions where the tax benefits are not currently recognized. In the first quarter of 2016, the Company recognized $2.4 million of tax expense on a pre-tax loss of $0.9 million, primarily due to losses in jurisdictions where the tax benefits are not currently recognized, including the impairment charges in Brazil.

The total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits that would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate was $0.5 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Accrued interest expense included within Accrued Income Taxes in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Unaudited) was less than $0.1 million at both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.  It is reasonably possible that the Company will recognize tax benefits within the next twelve months in the range of zero to $0.5 million resulting from the possible expiration of certain statutes of limitation.

The Company and its subsidiaries file U.S. Federal, state and local, and non-U.S. income tax returns. As of March 31, 2017, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. Federal examination by tax authorities for tax years before 2013. The Company is subject to state and local examinations for tax years of 2012 through 2016. In addition, the Company is subject to non-U.S. income tax examinations for tax years of 2011 through 2016.