10-K 1 com_10k.htm FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 28, 2008 com_10k.htm
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
 
x
Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934
 
   
For the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008
 
 
OR
 
 
o
Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934
 
   
For the transition period from ______________  to _____________
 

Commission file number 1-6081

COMFORCE Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
36-2262248
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
   
415 Crossways Park Drive,
P.O. Box 9006,
Woodbury, New York
11797
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
   
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:   (516) 437-3300
   
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
   
Title of Each Class
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common stock, $0.01 par value
NYSE Amex
   
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:   None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o   No x
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes o   No x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x   No o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in the definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.   See definitions of “accelerated filer,” large accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):  Large accelerated filer o   Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o   Smaller reporting company x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o   No x
 
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter:  $23,343,588.
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.   At March 18, 2009, there were 17,387,561 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding
 
Documents Incorporated by Reference: Portions of the Registrant’s proxy statement to be filed by April 27, 2009 are incorporated herein by reference in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.

 

 

PART I
 
ITEM 1.  BUSINESS
 
Overview
 
COMFORCE Corporation (“COMFORCE”) is a leading provider of outsourced staffing management services that enable Fortune 1000 companies and other large employers to consolidate, automate and manage staffing, compliance and oversight processes for their contingent workforces.  We also provide specialty staffing, consulting and other outsourcing services to Fortune 1000 companies and other large employers for their healthcare support, technical and engineering, information technology, telecommunications and other staffing needs.  In addition, the Company  provides funding and back office support services to independent consulting and staffing companies.  COMFORCE Operating, Inc. (“COI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of COMFORCE®, was formed for the purpose of facilitating certain of the Company’s financing transactions in November 1997.  Unless the context otherwise requires, the term the “Company” refers to COMFORCE, COI and all of their direct and indirect subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned.
 
Through a national network of 28 offices (20 company-owned and 8 licensed), the Company provides human capital management and outsourcing services, and recruits and places highly skilled contingent personnel and financing services for a broad customer base.  The Company’s labor force consists primarily of computer programmers, systems consultants, analysts, engineers, technicians, scientists, researchers, healthcare professionals and skilled office support personnel.
 
 
Services
 
We provide outsourcing services, including web-enabled solutions, for the effective procurement, tracking and engagement of contingent or non-employee labor, as well as a wide range of staffing, consulting and financial services.  The extensive proprietary database used by the Company coupled with its national reach enable it to draw from a wealth of resources to link highly trained healthcare professionals, computer technicians, engineers and other professionals, as well as clerical personnel, with businesses that need highly skilled labor. Management has designed the Company’s services to give its customers maximum flexibility and maximum choice, including by making its professionals available for engagement on a short-term or long-term basis. The Company’s services permit businesses to increase the volume of their work without increasing fixed overhead costs.
 
Results are reported by the Company through three operating segments -- Human Capital Management Services, Staff Augmentation and Financial Outsourcing Services. The Human Capital Management Services segment provides consulting services for managing the contingent workforce through its PrO UnlimitedSM subsidiary.  The Staff Augmentation segment provides healthcare support, including RightSourcing®  Services, technical and engineering, information technology (IT), telecommunications and other staffing services.  The Financial Outsourcing Services segment provides funding and back office support services to independent consulting and staffing companies.  A description of the types of services provided by each segment follows.  See note 16 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for a presentation of segment results.
 
Human Capital Management Services Segment
 
We provide Human Capital Management Services through our PrO Unlimited subsidiary.  PrO is a leading provider of outsourced staffing management services that enable Fortune 1000 companies and other large employers to consolidate, automate and manage staffing, compliance and oversight processes for their contingent workforces, including independent contractors, temporary workers, consultants, freelancers and, in some cases, returning retirees. PrO’s vendor-neutral business strategy provides comprehensive services for the selection, procurement, management and tracking of the contingent workforce, much of which is provided through its web-enabled proprietary software system.
 
Rather than competing with traditional staffing firms, PrO acts as a vendor-neutral facilitator, enabling clients to draw on a larger pool of vendors to fill job orders and allowing them to negotiate with multiple staffing suppliers to quickly find qualified personnel at favorable price levels.  In contrast to traditional staffing services providers, which
 

 
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recruit and recommend candidates for contingent positions, PrO’s focus is on helping clients manage their diverse relationships with multiple staffing vendors efficiently and cost-effectively by consolidating billing, monitoring vendor performance, coordinating staffing programs and generating a broad range of customized management reports and proprietary Total Quality Management reviews.  In addition, PrO offers payrolling services and compliance advisory services.
 
As many companies continue to face pressure to contain labor costs and manage headcount numbers, the use of contingent staffing as an alternative to more costly long-term employment has expanded substantially. At the same time, large organizations have increasingly come to rely on outsourced human capital management services as they seek to improve the efficiency of their staffing procurement and management processes and enhance the quality and productivity of their contingent workforces.  Management believes that the number of companies utilizing contingent labor will continue to grow as companies work to more effectively manage their cost structures, better position themselves to weather business downturns, and maintain streamlined “just-in-time” labor pools.
 
While PrO focuses on selling its services primarily to Fortune 1000 companies, management believes PrO’s contingent workforce management services are designed for a cross-section of large employers.  In most cases PrO Unlimited provides services on-site at their client’s premises.  The Company currently provides these services throughout North America as well as in certain locations in Europe and Asia.  PrO’s typical client is a Fortune 1000 or other large company that relies upon highly skilled contingent labor to meet important elements of its staffing needs.  PrO currently provides the following primary service offerings for its clients:
 
Vendor Management Solutions:
 
·  
Contingent Staffing Management:  We provide an onsite vendor-neutral service for procuring contingent employees. This service allows us, on behalf of our clients, to negotiate with multiple independent staffing vendors to help identify and hire qualified candidates in a short time frame at favorable prices.  PrO offers its clients consolidated invoicing, electronic time card functions, staffing supplier reviews, headcount and hours tracking, security and background screening and total quality management of the clients’ supplier base.  In addition, clients receive access to numerous standard reports that enhance visibility and overall management of their contingent worker population.
 
·  
PrOBid and STOR: Through PrOBid, we provide a bidding environment for various staffing projects, and provide project managers with greater information as to project costs, headcount and vendor performance.  In addition, through STOR (Standardization & Tracking of Other Resources), a new product implemented in 2009, we consolidate project data with other contingent staffing data for enterprise-wide reporting and controls, including data for project-based consultants and outsourced workers based offshore that could otherwise not be consolidated with the rest of a client’s non-employee workforce.  The combination of PrOBid and STOR is intended to provide our clients with competitive sourcing and comprehensive visibility and tracking for their entire contingent workforces.
 
 
1099 Management Service:
 
·  
Workers Classification Solutions: We assist clients in avoiding potential liabilities associated with failing to withhold or pay social security taxes, income taxes, unemployment taxes and workers compensation insurance premiums, or with excluding workers from participation in their pension, profit sharing, health insurance and stock option plans.   Our programs include: the evaluation of worker status, ongoing education and training, documentation and maintenance, audit support services, professional payrolling services and the development of a customized YourSource™ system.
 
·  
Co-Employment and FLSA Compliance Consulting:  We offer on-going consulting on co-employment issues.    Co-employment is a legal doctrine that applies when two businesses exert a degree of control over an employee’s work, so that both businesses may be held liable for complying with wage, hour and benefits laws.  In addition, we assist our clients with the proper classification of workers for overtime purposes (FLSA compliance), which is a critical challenge facing many U.S. employers.
 

 
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·  
Consultant Consolidation Services: We consolidate and manage invoicing for clients that engage the services of multiple consulting firms or independent contractors.
 
 
Professional Payrolling Services:
 
·  
Third Party Payrolling for Professional Contractors:  We provide an array of customized third party payroll services for professional level workers as part of our contingent workforce strategy for large companies in North America and select international locations.  For these companies, PrO employs the workers, pays unemployment taxes and workers compensation insurance premiums, and provides other benefits including health insurance to its eligible employees.
 
 
Staff Augmentation Segment
 
RightSourcing Services
 
The Company’s RightSourcing Services program offers cost savings and process improvement to its clients by managing all aspects of their supplemental staffing service program.  RightSourcing, as a human capital management program, facilitates the management of all staffing vendors, order process, invoice approval, billing and invoice consolidation.  The RightSourcing Services program allows the Company to place its billable employees with the customers it services. Value-added services include comprehensive data capture and analysis related to staff augmentation spend and usage including compilation of performance metrics for vendors and contractor staff.  Clients also rely on RightSourcing to provide robust logistical management processes to insure compliance with regulatory and governmental requirements.  RightSourcing can monitor certifications, manage credentials, and administer the myriad number of logistical details associated with each contractor assignment.  Whether clients are challenged with a shortage of skilled personnel or find themselves in a difficult economic environment, RightSourcing is designed to provide a significant return on investment.  Client management no longer is required to spend their valuable time reviewing unqualified or under qualified candidates.  To the contrary, RightSourcing automatically rates candidates so that our clients choose from the most qualified and cost effective resources.  Although we continue to focus on the healthcare field in pursuing outsourcing opportunities related to our RightSourcing Services program, the process improvements and overall benefits it provides are not limited to the healthcare field, or any other particular business sector.  Accordingly, the Company has broadened its sales efforts to attract customers who will benefit from RightSourcing, in a wide range of commercial and business endeavors.
 
Healthcare Support Services
 
The Company has identified the healthcare support services market as a source of significant growth potential.  The Company’s RightSourcing  Services program, described above, has also been primarily focused in the healthcare sector.   In this sector, both in conjunction with the RightSourcing program and independent of it, the Company provides clinical skills including nurses and other allied health professionals.  In addition, the Company also provides specialty medical office support personnel including credentialed coders for the processing of medical reimbursement claims and other personnel in support of insurance claims processing, billing, medical record keeping and utilization review/case management.
 
The Company’s customers in this area include hospitals, medical offices, multi-physician practices and other healthcare providers, medical billing companies and insurance companies.
 
Information Technology (IT)
 
In the IT field, the Company provides highly skilled software developers, technical support personnel, systems consultants, business analysts, software engineers, technical writers and architects and project managers for a wide range of technical assignments, including client server, mainframe, desktop and help desk services, and Internet/Intranet projects.  The Company hires the workers it makes available to its customers, in most cases through its recruitment process, and performs all of the obligations of an employer, including processing payrolls, withholding taxes and offering benefits.  Additionally, the Company provides managed services by bundling teams of technical personnel for clients as a hybrid answer to IT project outsources.  Using the managed services approach to staffing, the Company
 

 
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delivers the human capital as needed using a just-in-time model while the client maintains overall IT project direction and responsibility.
 
The Company’s IT customers operate in diverse industry sectors which include Fortune 500 companies.
 
 
Technical, Engineering and Governmental Services
 
The Company provides technical and engineering services through its Technical Services division to a diverse client base including both governmental and commercial accounts.  It provides highly skilled technical and professional personnel specializing in such areas as public health, environmental safety, avionics and aerospace, national energy laboratories, petrochemical, civil engineering, electronics, and many other fields.  The Company’s government services require the deployment of both U.S. employees and foreign national employees which has included approximately 35 countries worldwide.  The Technical Services division also provides its clients with draft/design services, technical writers and skilled technicians, in addition to quality control and assurance personnel in manufacturing environments.
 
The Company’s technical and engineering customers include major private sector commercial and military aerospace companies, federal research facilities and other federal agencies.  
 
 
Telecom
 
The Company’s Telecom division consists of two business units that provide services to all segments of the telecommunications industry.  This represents a traditional supplemental staffing unit and a complete turnkey engineering, material furnishing, equipment installation, and test/turn (EF&I) unit.  We prepare site surveys, provide engineering expertise and furnish material for, and install, test and maintain wireless, wire line, OSP, power and microwave equipment.  Our clients are major equipment manufacturers, telecom carriers and wireless companies.  COMFORCE Telecom is TL 9000 and ISO registered.  Some of the Company’s niche telecom operations were sold in 2004 (see note 18 to our consolidated financial statements).
 
 
Other Staffing
 
In addition to providing contract consulting and other staffing services in the areas described above, the Company provides a broad range of staffing services to its customers, including scientific support to research facilities, accounting support services, general clerical, data entry and billing support, call center staffing and telemarketing.  In this respect, the Company is opportunistic in utilizing its many branch offices, sales networks, customer relationships, computer databases and other resources to obtain engagements that are outside of its core businesses.  We also fill our customers’ direct hire requirements, either by conducting searches or by providing them with an option to hire our personnel that are currently on assignment with them.
 
 
Financial Outsourcing Services Segment
 
The Company provides funding and back office support services to independent consulting and staffing companies. The Company’s back office services include payroll processing, billing and funding, preparation of various management reports and analyses, payment of all payroll-related taxes and preparation and filing of quarterly and annual payroll tax returns for the contingent personnel employed and placed by independently owned and operated staffing and consulting firms for which the Company earns a fixed fee.  Personnel placed by such independent staffing and consulting firms remain employees of such firms. In providing payroll funding services, the Company purchases the accounts receivable of independent staffing firms and receives payments directly from the firms’ clients. The Company monitors the collection of all receivables related to its financial outsourcing clients; however, the amount of any accounts receivable that are not collected within a specified period after billing is charged back by the Company to its financial outsourcing clients.
 
Customers
 
The Company provides staffing, consulting and outsourcing services to a broad range of customers, including banks and financial services firms, computer software and hardware manufacturers, the automotive industry,
 

 
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government agencies, aerospace and avionics firms, utilities, national laboratories, biotech companies, insurance companies, pharmaceutical companies, healthcare facilities, and accounting firms. Services to Fortune 1000 companies represent a majority of the Company’s revenues.
 
The Company generally contracts directly with its Staff Augmentation customers or through vendor management services agreements to provide that the Company will have the first opportunity to supply the personnel required by that customer.
 
The Company generally invoices its customers weekly, bi-weekly or monthly.  The Company typically enters into longer term contracts with its customers.  These contracts customarily allow either party to terminate upon a 30-day or other short advance written notice.
 
During the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008, one customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s revenues.  The largest four customers of the Company, in the aggregate, accounted for approximately 26.3% of the Company’s 2008 revenues.
 
 
Sales and Marketing
 
As of December 28, 2008, the Company serviced its customers through a network of 20 company-owned and 8 licensed offices located in 15 states across the United States and its corporate headquarters located in Woodbury, New York. In addition, in many instances, the Company’s non-billable (staff) employees work on-site at its customers’ facilities, including in Europe and Asia.  The Company’s sales and marketing strategy is focused on expanding its business with existing customers through cross-selling and by establishing relationships with new customers. The Company solicits customers through personal sales presentations, webcasts and webinars, telephone marketing, direct mail solicitation, referrals from customers, and advertising in a variety of local and national media including magazines, newspapers, trade publications and through the Company’s website (www.comforce.com or prounlimited.com).
 
In the case of PrO Unlimited, our marketing efforts are conducted at the national level.  We utilize a team-oriented approach to the sales process.  In addition to our dedicated sales force, who focus on generating leads, PrO’s key operating officers are closely involved in the sales process, from lead generation through pricing and implementation.  An important component of PrO’s marketing program is in establishing its profile as an expert on issues related to the management of the contingent workforce. PrO regularly conducts seminars on independent contractor compliance, co-employment and the Fair Labor Standards Act.  Senior management maintains an active public relations effort to provide added visibility.   We seek to raise PrO’s profile among potential customers by encouraging its executives to write articles in trade and other publications. PrO develops additional sales leads through an ongoing Internet marketing campaign and through its website. Our strong relationships with our existing customers also provide a source of referrals to new customers as well as opportunities to cross-sell additional services to existing customers.
 
In the Staff Augmentation segment, our sales and marketing efforts are generally conducted on a local or regional basis.  Our Sales and Resource Managers, Client Service Coordinators and Regional Account Managers are responsible for maintaining contact with existing clients, maximizing the number of requisitions that we will have the opportunity to fill, and then working with the recruiting staff to offer the client the candidates that best fit their specifications.  New account targets are chosen by assessing: (1) the need for contract labor within the skill sets provided by the Company; (2) the appropriateness of the Company’s niche products to the client’s needs; (3) the potential growth and profitability of the account; and (4) the creditworthiness of the client. While the Company’s corporate office assists in the selection of target accounts, the majority of account selection and marketing occurs locally.  Although the Company continues to market to its Fortune 1000 client base, it also places a significant marketing focus on faster-growing middle-market companies, governmental agencies and large not-for-profit institutions such as hospitals and research facilities.
 
 
Billable Employees
 
In the Human Capital Management Services segment, PrO provides employer-of-record payrolling services for contingent workers sourced internally by its clients.  For these companies, PrO employs the workers, pays
 

 
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unemployment taxes and workers compensation insurance premiums, and provides other benefits including health insurance to eligible employees.  These workers may include former independent contractors, returning retirees or other mission-critical workers internally sourced for contingent work.  The Company’s compliance expertise helps clients avoid potential litigation and other co-employment issues associated with this workforce.
 
Within the Staff Augmentation segment, the Company’s success depends significantly on its ability to effectively and efficiently match skilled personnel with specific customer assignments. The Company has established an extensive national resume database of prospective employees with expertise in the disciplines served by the Company. To identify qualified personnel for inclusion in this database, the Company solicits referrals from its existing personnel and customers, actively recruits through the Internet and job boards, and otherwise places advertisements in local newspapers, trade magazines, and its website. The Company continuously updates its proprietary database to reflect changes in personnel skill levels and availability. Upon receipt of assignment specifications, the Company searches the database to identify suitable personnel. Once an individual’s skills are matched to the specifications, the Company considers other selection criteria such as interpersonal skills, availability and geographic preferences to ensure there is a proper fit between the employee and the assignment being staffed. The Company can search its resume database by a number of different criteria, including specific skills or qualifications, to match the appropriate employee with the assignment.
 
The Company provides assignments with high-profile customers that make use of advanced technology and offers its employees the opportunity to obtain additional experience that can enhance their skills and overall marketability. To attract and retain qualified personnel, the Company also offers flexible schedules and, depending on the contract or assignment, paid holidays, vacation, and certain benefit plan opportunities.
 
Some customers seek out the Company’s extensive back office and payrolling capabilities, or elect for strategic reasons to outsource these functions, without utilizing the Company’s recruitment capabilities.  Although these contingent workers are sourced internally by the Company’s clients, they are nonetheless employees of the Company.
 
 
Information Systems
 
The Company uses the Pure Internet Architecture of PeopleSoft® 9.0 for its back office Human Resource Management System, Financial Reporting and Employee Self Service application software.  Utilizing the web-enabled PeopleSoft architecture has enabled the Company to consolidate its back office operations, improve business processes, enhance customer relationships and improve efficiency and productivity.
 
The Company uses WebPAS® front-office staffing software, a web-based software solution designed specifically for the staffing and recruiting industry.  WebPAS combines candidate resumes and client management into one fully relational and centralized database.  This software has enabled us to automate and streamline the workflow of the sales, recruiting, staffing and placement process.  The Company also uses the software of third party vendors in its RightSourcing  Services program.  Separately, the Company’s PrO Unlimited subsidiary has internally developed and maintains its proprietary web-based WAND® system, which provides an end-to-end solution for the engagement, management and tracking of the contingent workforce.  See “Human Capital Management Services Segment” in this Item 1.  The Company recently upgraded its WAND system to incorporate state of the art technology and to enhance the functionality of the system enabling PrO to continue as a leader in contingent workforce management.  In addition to enhancing the application functionality, the WAND infrastructure was also upgraded using a multi-tier architecture approach.  This approach separates the application into presentation, middle, service, reporting, integration and data layers.  In addition to the flexible design approach, the new application also takes advantage of a variety of industry leading edge technologies such as Oracle 10g, Oracle RAC, Informatica, Logi XML, Java, JavaScript, Spring and Hibernate.
 
Competition
 
The contingent staffing and consulting industry is very competitive and fragmented. There are relatively limited barriers to entry and new competitors frequently enter the market. The Company’s competitors vary depending on geographic region and the nature of the service(s) being provided. The Company faces competition from larger firms possessing substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources than the Company and smaller, regional
 

 
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firms with a strong presence in their respective local markets.  The Company competes on the basis of price, level of service, quality of candidates and reputation, and may be in competition with many other staffing companies seeking to fill orders for job openings, including minority or women-owned firms that may receive preferential consideration or set asides.
 
In the Human Capital Management Services segment, PrO acts as a vendor-neutral facilitator, utilizing its proprietary WAND system to coordinate a customer’s multiple staffing relationships, including billing, monitoring vendor performance and generating management reports.  PrO faces heightened competition from other solutions companies purporting to offer similar advantages utilizing widely-available software programs.  Management believes that to compete in this segment, the Company must not only regularly upgrade its WAND system but provide experienced personnel to manage the process.
 
In the Staff Augmentation segment, while the unemployment rates may have increased in 2008, the availability of high-quality resources at a competitive rate remains one of the principal elements of competition.  The Company believes its ability to compete also depends in part on a number of competitive factors outside its control, including the economic climate generally and in particular industries served by the Company, the ability of its competitors to hire, retain and motivate skilled personnel and the extent of its competitors’ responsiveness to customer needs.
 
 
Employees
 
The Company currently employs approximately 590 full-time staff employees in the United States and approximately 20 in Europe and Asia.   Non-billable administrative personnel provide management, sales and marketing, back office and other services in support of the Company’s services in all of its segments.
 
In addition, since the Company is in the business of providing outsourced staffing management services, specialty staffing, consulting and other outsourcing services, it has many billable employees throughout the world, the number of which fluctuates based on operations.  Billable employees are employed by the Company on an as-needed basis, dependent on customer demand and are paid only for time they actually work (plus any accrued vacation time, if applicable).  The Company maintains a proprietary database of prospective employees with expertise in the disciplines served by the Company.
 
 
Licensed Offices
 
The Company has granted six licensees the right to operate a total of eight licensed offices.  The most recent license for a new office was granted in July 1992, and the Company does not expect to grant more licenses. Licensees recruit contingent personnel and promote their services to both existing and new clients obtained through the licensees’ marketing efforts.  However, the Company is involved in the determination of the terms under which services are to be offered to its customers, and, with the exception of a single licensee, the Company is the employer of all of the workers placed through these arrangements.  As the primary obligor, the Company is fully responsible for the payment of the employees.  The Company submits all bills directly to the customers and they are required to remit their payments for services performed directly to the Company.  The Company has the ability to refuse to perform services solicited by the licensee that it does not believe are within the normal scope of its capabilities, or for other reasons if it does not believe the services to be performed comport with the Company’s objectives.  The Company and the licensee office bear joint responsibility for collecting the receivables from the customers and jointly bear the risk of loss for uncollected receivables.  The licensee earns a variable percentage of the ultimate gross profit based upon the type of services rendered.
 
 
Regulations
 
Contingent staffing and consulting services firms are generally subject to one or more of the following types of government regulations: (1) regulation of the employer/employees; (2) licensing, record keeping and recording requirements; and (3) substantive limitations on operations.  We are governed by laws regulating the employer/employee relationship, such as tax withholding and reporting, social security or retirement, anti-discrimination and workers compensation in the United States and in the foreign countries in which we have employment activities, and, in the case of our government contracts, we are further subject to Federal Acquisition
 

 
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Regulations (FAR).  In some instances, the Company’s licensees are deemed to be franchisees, and the arrangements the Company enters into with them are subject to regulation, both by the Federal Trade Commission and a number of states.   In addition, in the healthcare support sector, the Company is subject to extensive federal and state laws and regulations, as well as the regulations of various public and private healthcare organizations and authorities.
 
 
ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS
 
Any investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk.  You should consider carefully the following information about these risks, together with the other information contained in this report, before you decide to buy our securities.  The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face.  Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also impair our operations.  If any of the following risks actually occur, our business would likely suffer and our results could differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements contained in this report including those contained in the section captioned “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under Item 7. 
 
 
Global economic conditions have created turmoil in the credit and labor markets that could have a significant adverse impact on our operations.
 
Current United States and worldwide economic conditions have resulted in an extraordinary tightening of credit markets coupled with higher interest rates, particularly since the bankruptcy of a major investment banking firm in the third quarter of 2008.  These economic conditions have been characterized in news reports as a global economic crisis that has been marked by dramatic and rapid shifts in market conditions and government responses, and they have resulted in unprecedented intervention in financial institutions and markets by governments throughout the world.  Although many economists originally characterized this crisis as limited to the subprime mortgage markets, the current adverse conditions have quickly spread to broader financial, manufacturing and labor markets.
 
Our results of operations are affected directly by the level of business activity of our clients, which in turn is affected by the level of economic activity in the industries and markets that they serve. Global and national economic uncertainties, as well as unfavorable local and regional economic conditions in the United States and abroad, may cause our clients or prospective clients to defer hiring contingent workers or reduce spending on the Human Capital Management Services and staffing services that we provide.
 
The weakened  economy  has resulted in decreased demand for contingent staff.  When economic activity slows down, customers often reduce their use of contingent staff before undertaking layoffs of their regular employees resulting in decreased demand for contingent  workers.  Some of our clients have announced  reduction in workforce  including  contingent  labor.  In addition, since employees are also reluctant to risk changing  employers, there are fewer openings  available and therefore  reduced activity in permanent placements as well.  Furthermore,  the  current  recession (or depression)  may cause  some of the vendors we manage as part of our Human Capital Management Services and RightSourcing  Services programs to reduce or  discontinue  operations,  which may  adversely  affect our ability to manage these programs.  In addition, reduced demand for our services could increase price competition.  If, as a result of adverse economic conditions, one or more of our clients enter bankruptcy or liquidate their operations, our revenues and accounts receivable could be adversely affected.  If the current economic conditions persist or deteriorate, they could also have a significant adverse impact on our operations by:
 
·  
creating uncertainty in the business environment, which uncertainty would act as a disincentive for businesses to expand their operations;
 
·  
decreasing our customers demand for contingent staff in our Staff Augmentation segment and management and payrolling services in our Human Capital Management Services segment;
 
·  
adversely affecting our customers’ ability to obtain credit to fund operations, which in turn would affect their ability to timely make payment on our invoices;
 
·  
increasing our interest expense and, unless these conditions abate, making it more difficult for us to refinance or extend our bank credit facility at its maturity on July 24, 2010; and
 
·  
creating greater risks to us in providing Financial Outsourcing Services to our customers as well as increasing our costs of providing funding to these customers.
 


 
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Competition in our industry could reduce our sales or profitability.
 
We face significant competition in the markets we serve and there are few barriers to entry for new competitors.  The competition among staffing services companies is intense.  We compete for potential clients with providers of outsourcing services, vendor managed services, systems integrators, computer systems consultants, temporary personnel agencies, search companies and other providers of staffing services.
 
Some of our competitors may have greater marketing, financial, technology and personnel resources than we do and could offer increased competition.  Some of our competitors may offer better pricing or superior features in their products and services.  In addition, competitors offering different products and services could merge or form partnerships in order to provide a broader range of offerings.  Our clients’ own human resources departments may be competitors to the extent they begin to handle, in house, the operations we perform.  In addition, the growth in demand for vendor managed services has put heightened pressure on the margins of staffing services providers, including us.
 
 
Some of our contracts are awarded on the basis of competitive proposals which can be periodically re-bid by the client.
 
There can be no assurance that existing contracts, including with governmental agencies, will be renewed on satisfactory terms or that additional or replacement contracts will be those awarded to us.  In the current economic climate, we expect our competitors to bid more aggressively, which could result in our loss of contracts or a reduction in margins in cases in which we seek to retain contracts by lowering our bids.  We may not be able to retain clients or market share in the future, and, in light of competitive pressures, we may not be able to remain profitable.
 
 
Potential increase in costs related to being a public company.
 
The Company may incur substantial additional costs related to compliance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.  These additional costs relate to higher documentary and administrative costs and consulting, audit and legal fees we will incur, as well as for the cost of the audit of our internal control over financial reporting that will be required as presently proposed by the SEC for our 2009 fiscal year.
 
 
Significant increases in payroll-related costs could adversely affect our business.
 
We are required to pay a number of federal, state, local and foreign payroll and related costs, including unemployment taxes, workers compensation benefits, healthcare benefits, FICA, and Medicare, among others, for our employees and personnel.  Significant increases in the effective rates of any payroll-related costs likely would have a material adverse effect upon us.  In the current economic climate, and given the many state and federal legislative proposals circulating to stimulate economic activity, extend unemployment benefits and provide health care reform, costs could also increase as a result of reforms.   
 
We generally seek to increase fees charged to our clients to cover increases in healthcare, unemployment and other direct costs of services, but our ability to pass these costs to our clients has diminished in recent years. There can be no assurance that we will be able to increase the fees charged to our clients in a timely manner and in a sufficient amount if these expenses continue to rise.  Our inability to increase our fees or adapt to future regulatory changes could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
 
 
The profitability of our engagements with clients may not meet our expectations.
 
Unexpected costs or delays in client purchases of our services could make our client engagements less profitable than anticipated.  When making proposals for engagements, we estimate the costs and potential revenue associated with those engagements when determining the pricing.  Any increased or unexpected costs or unanticipated delays in connection with the performance of these engagements, including delays caused by factors outside our control, could reduce our profit margin. For example, our clients may not fully cooperate with us so as to enable us to implement our services in a cost-effective manner, or the nature of future engagements may require that we incur significant costs
 

 
10

 

in preparation of the engagement before we generate revenues under the terms of the engagement.  Our agreements with our clients, as well as competition in our target markets, may prevent us from passing these increased costs on to our clients.
 
 
We face significant employment liability risk.
 
We employ and place people in the workplaces of other businesses.  An inherent risk of such activity includes possible claims of errors and omissions, misuse of client proprietary information, misappropriation of funds, discrimination and harassment, employment of illegal aliens, theft of client property, other criminal activity, torts or other claims.  Our contracts with our clients often require that we indemnify them against these kinds of losses.  We have policies and guidelines in place to reduce our exposure to risks for these potential losses.  However, failure of any employee or personnel to follow these policies and guidelines may result in: negative publicity; injunctive relief; the payment by us of monetary damages or fines; or other material adverse effects upon our business.  Moreover, we could be held responsible for the actions at a workplace of persons not under our immediate control.  For example, our contracts with vendor management services customers frequently require that we confirm that the suppliers of personnel or like service providers maintain insurance coverage as required by the customer, and our failure to require these providers to maintain the required insurance could result in liability to us for any losses our customers incur as a result of this failure.
 
To reduce our exposure, we maintain general liability insurance, property insurance, automobile insurance, fidelity insurance, errors and omissions insurance, professional/medical malpractice insurance, fiduciary insurance, cyber insurance and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for domestic and foreign operations as management deems appropriate and prudent.  However, due to the nature of our assignments, in particular, access to client information systems and confidential information, and the potential liability with respect thereto, we may not be able to obtain insurance coverage in amounts adequate to cover any such liability on acceptable terms.  Our healthcare staffing services exposes us to potential malpractice claims, a growing area of litigation.  Furthermore, we are generally self-insured with respect to workers compensation claims, but maintain excess workers compensation coverage to limit our exposure for amounts over $4.5 million.  We maintain reserves for uninsured risks and other potential liabilities, but we may be unable to accurately estimate our exposure.  In addition, we face various other employment-related risks not covered by insurance, such as wage and hour laws and employment tax responsibility.  Any of these liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition. 
 
 
We operate in a complex regulatory environment and failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could adversely affect our business.
 
The services we provide are subject to a number of laws and regulations, including those applicable to payroll practices, benefits administration, state unemployment and workers compensation regulations, employment practices and data privacy both in the United States and abroad.  In particular, we could also be impacted by changes in reimbursement regulations by states or the federal government which make it difficult for our healthcare clients to pay us or require us to lower our rates.  
 
Because our services are provided throughout the United States and in foreign countries, we must perform our services in compliance with the complex legal and regulatory requirements of multiple jurisdictions.  Some of these laws and regulations may be difficult to ascertain or interpret and may change over time. The addition of new services may subject us to additional laws and regulations from time to time.  Violation of laws and regulations could subject us to fines and penalties or to legal liability, constitute a breach of our client contracts and impair our ability to do business in various jurisdictions or according to our established processes.  If our reputation suffers as a result of any failure to comply with applicable laws, our ability to maintain our clients and increase our client base will be weakened.
 
 
We may be subject to lawsuits and claims, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
Litigation involving employment practices and workplace conditions is prevalent in the United States, including class actions against employers for allegedly failing to comply with the many federal and state laws and regulations designed to protect the health and safety of workers or to properly classify workers for purposes of their entitlement to overtime or benefits.  We are currently subject to claims and lawsuits, and we expect to be subject to additional claims
 

 
11

 

and lawsuits in the future.  Litigation is often costly, unpredictable and time consuming to resolve, and unfavorable results in any lawsuit could potentially have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
 
 
We may not be able to recruit and retain qualified personnel.
 
We depend upon the abilities of our staff to attract and retain personnel, particularly technical and professional personnel, who possess the skills and experience necessary to meet the staffing requirements of our clients. We must continually evaluate and upgrade our base of available qualified personnel to keep pace with changing client needs and emerging technologies. We expect continued competition for individuals with proven technical or professional skills for the foreseeable future. If qualified personnel are not available to us in sufficient numbers and upon economic terms acceptable to us, it could have a material adverse affect on our business.
 
 
If we cannot obtain new clients or increase sales to our existing clients, our business will not expand and our revenues will not increase.
 
Our future success not only depends on our ability to maintain our current relationships with existing clients, but also to acquire new client relationships and increase sales to our existing clients.  Our strategies to reach new clients and to expand the range of services purchased by our existing clients may not succeed.
 
In the event of bankruptcy of any of our clients, we may be unable to collect our fees, including the recovery of the amount of any wages we have paid to employees for work performed for these clients.
 
Because the amount of business we do with large clients each month can be substantial, these clients owe us a significant portion of our total receivables at any one time.  In the event one of those clients would enter bankruptcy or becomes unable to pay its obligations, we may be unable to collect from that client, and our bad debt expense and revenues could be adversely affected.  In addition, with respect to our professional payrolling and staffing services, we pay for the services rendered by those personnel prior to collecting those amounts from our clients.  Therefore, we are at risk for the entire amount of those wages in addition to our fees.
 
 
If we fail to develop new services, or enhance our existing services, to meet the needs of our existing and future clients, our sales may decline.
 
To satisfy increasingly sophisticated client requirements and achieve market acceptance, we must enhance and improve our existing services, and we must also continue to introduce new services.  Any new services that we offer may not be introduced in a timely manner, and they may not achieve sufficient market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenue.  If we are unable to successfully develop new services, or enhance our existing services, our sales may decline, and our profitability will decrease.
 
 
Our business will be negatively affected if we are not able to keep pace with rapid changes in technology or if growth in the use of technology in business is not as rapid as in the past.
 
Our future success depends, in part, on our ability to develop and implement technology services that anticipate and keep pace with rapid and continuing changes in technology, industry standards and client preferences.  We have developed and must continually improve our proprietary web-enabled WAND system, which provides an end-to-end solution for the engagement, management and tracking of the contingent workforce. We are reliant on third party vendors in updating and improving other technologies on which our business is dependent, particularly in our RightSourcing  Services program.  We may not be successful in anticipating or responding to the continuing developments in technology, industry standards and client preferences on a timely and cost-effective basis, and our ideas, or those of our software vendors, may not be accepted in the marketplace.  In addition, technologies developed by our competitors may make our service offerings noncompetitive or obsolete.  Any one of these circumstances could significantly reduce our ability to obtain new client engagements or to retain existing client engagements.
 
Our business is also dependent, in part, upon continued growth in the use of technology in business by our clients and prospective clients and their employees, and our ability to deliver the efficiencies and convenience afforded
 

 
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by technology.  If growth in the use of technology does not continue, demand for our services may decrease.  Use of new technology for commerce generally requires understanding and acceptance of a new way of conducting business and exchanging information.  Companies that have already invested substantial resources in traditional means of conducting commerce and exchanging information may be particularly reluctant or slow to adopt a new approach that would not utilize their existing personnel and infrastructure.
 
The effort to gain technological expertise and develop new technologies in our business requires us to incur significant expenses.  If we cannot offer new technologies as quickly as our competitors, we could lose market share.  We also could lose market share if our competitors develop more cost-effective technologies than we offer or develop.
 
 
If our clients or third parties are not satisfied with our services, we may face damage to our professional reputation or legal liability.
 
We depend to a large extent on our relationships with our clients and our reputation for high-quality services.  As a result, if a client is not satisfied with our services, it may be more damaging in our business than in other businesses.  Our services may contain defects or errors, which could hurt our reputation, result in significant costs to us and impair our ability to sell our services in the future.  The costs incurred in correcting any defects or errors may be substantial, and would reduce our profitability.  Moreover, if we fail to meet our contractual obligations, we could be subject to legal liability or loss of client relationships.  If the reputation of our services declines, our ability to maintain our clients and increase our client base will be weakened.
 
Clients are increasingly filing legal claims against professional service providers, including those in the human resources outsourcing and consulting industries.  Clients and third parties who are dissatisfied with our consulting services or who claim to suffer damages caused by our services may bring lawsuits against us.
 
Defending lawsuits arising out of any of our services could require substantial amounts of management attention, which could adversely affect our financial performance.  In addition to client liability, governmental authorities may impose penalties with respect to our errors or omissions and may preclude us from doing business in some jurisdictions.  In addition to the risks of liability exposure and increased costs of defense and insurance premiums, claims arising from our professional services may produce publicity that could hurt our reputation and business.
 
 
Our financial results could be harmed if we are required to expend significant financial and other resources to protect our intellectual property from infringement by third parties.
 
Our proprietary technology is an important part of our success, particularly in the Human Capital Management Services segment.  We rely on a combination of copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets, confidentiality provisions and contractual and licensing provisions to establish and protect our proprietary rights.  We have registered trademarks for some of our products and services and will continue to evaluate the registration of additional trademarks as appropriate.  We also enter into confidentiality and proprietary rights agreements with our employees, consultants and other third parties and control access to software, documentation, client data and other proprietary information.
 
Despite these efforts, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy portions of our products or to reverse engineer or otherwise obtain and use our proprietary information.  We do not have any patents or patent pending with respect to any of our products or services, including our WAND technology.  Existing copyright laws afford only limited protection.  In addition, others may design around our technology or develop substantially equivalent or superior proprietary technology, or equivalent products may be marketed in competition with our products, which would substantially reduce the value of our proprietary rights.  Furthermore, confidentiality agreements between us and our employees or any license agreements with our clients may not provide meaningful protection of our proprietary information in the event of any unauthorized use or disclosure of it.  Accordingly, the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights may not be adequate and we may not be able to protect our proprietary software in the United States or abroad against unauthorized third party copying or use, which could significantly harm our business.  If we fail to successfully enforce our intellectual property rights, our competitive position could suffer, which could reduce our revenues.
 

 
13

 

 
Any significant failure or disruption in our computing, software and communications infrastructure could harm our reputation, result in a loss of clients, and disrupt our business.
 
Our computing, software and communications infrastructure is a critical part of our business operations.  Many of our clients, particularly those in the Human Capital Management Services segment, typically access our services through a standard web browser.   Our clients depend on us for fast and reliable access to our applications.  We rely on the expertise of our software development teams for the continued performance of our applications.  We may experience serious disruptions in our computing, software and communications infrastructure.  Factors that may cause these types of disruptions include:
 
·  
human error;
 
·  
physical or electronic security breaches;
 
·  
telecommunications outages from third-party providers;
 
·  
computer viruses;
 
·  
acts of terrorism or sabotage;
 
·  
fire, earthquake, flood and other natural disasters; and
 
·  
power loss.
 
Although we back up data stored on our systems at least daily, our infrastructure does not currently include mirroring of data storage and production capacity in more than one geographically distinct location.  As a result, in the event of a physical disaster, or a significant failure of our computing infrastructure, client data from recent transactions may be permanently lost. If our clients experience service interruptions or the loss or theft of client data, we may be subject to financial penalties, financial liability or client losses.  Our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that may occur due to any failures or interruptions in our systems.
 
 
Security breaches that result in the release of proprietary data of clients could impair our reputation and our revenue.
 
Our business involves the use, storage and transmission of clients’ proprietary information.  Any security breaches could expose us to a risk of loss of this information, litigation and possible liability. If our security measures are breached as a result of third-party action, employee error, malfeasance or otherwise, and as a result, someone obtains unauthorized access to client data, our reputation will be damaged, our business may suffer and we could incur significant liability.  Techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target. As a result, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. If an actual or perceived breach of our security occurs, the market perception of our security measures could be harmed and we could lose sales and clients.
 
 
Restrictions and covenants under our bank credit facility and other financing agreements limit our ability to take actions and impose consequences in the event of a compliance failure.
 
Our $110.0 million Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “PNC Credit Facility”) with PNC Bank, National Association, as a lender and administrative agent (“PNC”), imposes various restrictions on our activities without the consent of the lenders, including:
 
·  
prohibiting us from incurring indebtedness or granting security interests in our assets except in accordance with the covenants and conditions in the PNC Credit Facility;
 
·  
prohibiting us from selling or disposing of our assets except in accordance with the covenants and conditions in the PNC Credit Facility;
 

 
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·  
prohibiting fundamental changes such as consolidations, mergers and sales and transfer of assets, and limiting our ability or any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries to grant liens upon our property or assets; 
 
·  
requiring us to meet certain net worth, debt service coverage and other financial requirements; and
 
·  
entering into transactions with affiliates other than in accordance with the indenture.
 
These covenants and conditions affect our operating flexibility by, among other things, substantially restricting our ability to incur expenses and indebtedness, or make acquisitions, that could be used to grow our business.  Our ability to issue shares of our capital stock is also limited.
 
The PNC Credit Facility includes events of default and provides that, upon the occurrence of certain events of default, payment of all amounts payable under the PNC Credit Facility, including the principal amount of, and accrued interest on, the PNC Credit Facility may be accelerated.  See “--Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7.
 
 
Our inability to repay or refinance the PNC Credit Facility, which matures in 2010 would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
 
The PNC Credit Facility, under which we had $78.6 million in borrowings outstanding at March 8, 2009, matures on July 24, 2010.  The Company has had preliminary discussions with PNC to extend the PNC Credit Facility beyond its current maturity date.  No assurance can be given that the Company will resolve such discussions on a satisfactory basis.  If we are unable to satisfactorily resolve such discussions with PNC or otherwise find a source of capital to repay or refinance this obligation, we will be unable to repay the PNC Credit Facility at maturity, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.  The credit markets have tightened significantly since the second quarter of 2008.  We cannot predict whether capital will be available to us with interest rates and on terms acceptable to us, if at all, when the PNC Credit Facility matures.
 
 
Shares eligible for future sale may cause the market price for our common stock to decline even if our business is doing well.
 
Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.  A substantial number of shares of our common stock are held by persons other than “affiliates.”  In addition, as of December 28, 2008, approximately 16.0 million shares of common stock or equivalent non-voting preferred shares are issuable to a trust in which John C. Fanning, our chairman and chief executive officer, holds the principal economic interest.  Subject to some limitations on the holder’s rights, the  8.0% Subordinated Convertible Note due December 2, 2009 (the “Convertible Note”) (which continues to accrue pay-in-kind interest), the Company’s Series 2003A Preferred Stock, the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and the Series 2004A Preferred Stock (which continue to cumulate dividends) are convertible into these common or non-voting shares at conversion prices ranging from $0.54 to $1.70, which could have a potentially depressing effect on the market price of the Company’s common stock.
 
 
We could be required to write-off goodwill in future periods if our future operating results suffer.
 
In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, we are required to review our goodwill for impairment at least annually.  Our goodwill was $32.1 million at December 28, 2008.  Significant assumptions used in this analysis include expected future revenue growth rates, operating margins, working capital levels and tax rates, which are based on management’s expectation of future results.  An unfavorable evaluation could cause us to write-off goodwill in future periods.  The current economic climate heightens the risk of future write-offs.  We had write-offs of goodwill of $96.1 million, excluding $5.9 million relating to discontinued operations, in 2002 and 2003.   Any future write-offs could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
 

 
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Adverse results of tax audits could result in significant cash expenditures or exposure to unforeseen liabilities.
 
We are subject to periodic federal, state, local and foreign income tax audits for various tax years.  Although we attempt to comply with all taxing authority regulations, adverse findings or assessments made by the taxing authorities as the result of an audit could have a material adverse affect on us.
 
 
Significant foreign currency fluctuations could affect our operating results.
 
We conduct our operations in a number of foreign countries and the results of our local operations are reported in the applicable foreign currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable foreign currency exchange rates for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements.  We are subject to exposure for devaluations and fluctuations in currency exchange rates, which, if we are successful in further growing and developing our foreign operations or these devaluations or fluctuations are significant, could potentially affect our investment in these foreign countries as well as on our cash flow and results of operations.  These risks are heightened in the current volatile economic environment, including the recent volatility in the value of the U.S. dollar and other currencies worldwide and instability in the credit markets.
 
Severe weather, natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism and other external events could significantly impact our business
 
Severe weather, natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism and other adverse external events could have a significant impact on our ability to conduct business.  For example, during 2005, hurricanes Katrina and Rita caused extensive flooding and destruction along the coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico. While we were not significantly and adversely affected by the impact of these specific disasters, other severe weather or natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism or other adverse external events may occur in the future that could have an effect on our business.
 
 
We depend on key personnel, and the loss of the services of one or more of our senior management or a significant portion of our local management personnel could weaken our management team and our ability to deliver quality services and could adversely affect our business.
 
Our operations historically have been, and continue to be, dependent on the efforts of our executive officers and senior management, including John C. Fanning, our chairman and chief executive officer. In addition, we are dependent on the performance and productivity of our respective regional operations executives, local managing directors and field personnel. The loss of one or more of these employees could have an adverse effect on our operations, including our ability to maintain existing client relationships and attract new clients in the context of changing economic or competitive conditions.  Our ability to attract and retain business is significantly affected by local relationships and the quality of service rendered by branch managerial personnel. If we are unable to attract and retain key employees to perform these services, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
 
 
The Company’s stock price may be volatile and investors may not be able to resell shares they purchase at their purchase price.
 
The stock  market  has  experienced  and may in the  future  experience  extreme volatility  that has  often  been  unrelated  to the  operating  performance  of particular  companies.  Broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of the Company's common stock.  The Company's stock price has in the past, and could in the future, fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors,  including factors beyond the  Company's  control, including:
 
·  
the relatively low float of the Company's common stock caused, among other reasons, by the holdings of the Company's  principal  shareholders;
 
·  
adverse general economic conditions, such as those currently being experienced, including withdrawals of investments in the stock markets generally and a tightening of credit available to potential acquirers of business, that result in a lower average prices being paid for public company shares and lower valuations being placed on businesses;
 
·  
other domestic and  international  macroeconomic  factors unrelated to the Company's performance;
 
·  
the  Company's  failure  to meet the  expectations  of the  investment community;
 

 
16

 

·  
industry trends and the business success of the Company's customers;
 
·  
loss of key customers;
 
·  
fluctuations in the Company's results of operations; and
 
·  
litigation.
 
 
 
ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
 
None.
 
 
ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES
 
The Company leases all of its office space.  Excluding the Company’s headquarters, these leases are for office space ranging in size from small shared 1,000-square foot executive suites to facilities exceeding 10,000 square feet in size.  The remaining terms under the Company’s leases range from less than six months to four years.  The Company’s headquarters in Woodbury, New York occupies approximately 38,000 square feet of space in two facilities under separate leases that expire in 2010. In some instances our full-time staff employees work at the client’s site for which we do not incur any rental costs.  The Company owns no real estate.
 
The Company believes that its facilities are adequate for its present and reasonably anticipated future business requirements.  The Company does not anticipate difficulty locating additional facilities, if needed.
 
 
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
In November 2003, the Company received a general notice letter from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the “U.S. EPA”) that it is a potentially responsible party at Chicago’s Lake Calumet Cluster Site, which for decades beginning in the late 19th/early 20th centuries had served as a waste disposal site. In December 2004, the U.S. EPA sent the Company and numerous other companies special notice letters requiring the recipients to make an offer by a date certain to perform a remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS) to select a remedy to clean up the site.  The Company’s predecessor, Apeco Corporation (“Apeco”), a manufacturer of photocopiers, allegedly sent waste material to this site.  The State of Illinois and the U.S. EPA have proposed that the site be designated as a Superfund site.  The Company is one of over 400 potentially responsible parties most of which may no longer be in operation or viable to which notices were sent, and the Company has joined a working group of more than 100 members representing over 120 potentially responsible parties for the purpose of responding to the United States and Illinois environmental protection agencies.
 
The Illinois EPA took control of the site and began to construct a cap on the site.  In 2008, the Company received a demand from the U.S. EPA for more than $2.0 million in past costs and a demand from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) for over $14.0 million in IEPA's past costs for its partial work on the cap.  The agencies are also demanding that the parties complete construction of the cap and investigate whether a groundwater remedy is required.  Cost estimates for that work have not yet been made and a final allocation of costs among the potentially responsible parties have not yet been made and a group has not yet, but will likely form to address these demands.  The Company's share is expected to be less than 1% of the total liability for these costs assuming that the level of participation remains at least as high as it has been in the past.  The group believes that it has some defenses and challenges to the government's past cost claims and will likely try to negotiate a reduction in the amount of the claims.  Furthermore, the Company has made inquiries of the insurance carriers for Apeco to determine if it has coverage under old insurance policies.  No assurance can be given that the costs to the Company to resolve this claim will be within management’s estimates.
 
In July 2005, the Company’s subsidiary, COMFORCE Technical Services, Inc. (“CTS”) was served with an amended complaint in the suit titled Reyes V. East Bay Municipal Utility District, et al, filed in the Superior Court of California, Alameda County, in connection with a gas pipeline explosion in November 2004 that killed five workers and injured four others.  As part of a construction project to lay a water transmission line, a backhoe operator employed by a
 

 
17

 

construction contractor unaffiliated with CTS allegedly struck and breached a gas pipeline and an explosion occurred when leaking gas ignited.  The complaint names various persons involved in the construction project as defendants, including CTS.  The complaint alleges, among other things, that CTS was negligent in failing to properly mark the location of the pipeline.  The complaint did not specify specific monetary damages.
 
CTS was subsequently named as a defendant in 15 other lawsuits concerning this accident in the Superior Court of California which have been consolidated with the Reyes case in a single coordinated action styled as the Gas Pipeline Explosion Cases in the Superior Court of California, Contra Costa County.  Two co-defendants brought cross-claims against CTS.  In addition, a company that provided insurance coverage to a private home and property damaged by the explosion brought a subrogation action against CTS.  CTS denies any culpability for this accident.  Following an investigation of the accident, Cal-OSHA issued citations to four unrelated contractors on the project, but declined to issue any citations against CTS.  Although Cal-OSHA did not issue a citation against CTS, it will not be determinative in the pending civil cases.
 
CTS requested that its insurance carriers defend it in these actions, and the carrier under the primary policy appointed counsel and has defended CTS in these actions.  As of June 2007, CTS settled with 17 of the 19 plaintiffs, in each case within the limits of its primary policy, except as described below.  With the settlements, the limits under the primary policy have been reached.  The umbrella insurance carrier for CTS had previously denied the claims of CTS for coverage, claiming that the matter was within the policy exclusions.  This carrier also initiated a declaratory action in Contra Costa County, California in which it asked the court to determine whether the claims against CTS were within the policy exclusions.  In March 2007, CTS and this carrier reached a tentative settlement under which the carrier agreed to dismiss CTS from the declaratory action and defend and insure CTS in the remaining cases when the primary coverage limits have been reached, subject to an agreed upon contribution by CTS and the carrier's reservation of rights to seek recovery against CTS for the claims of Mountain Cascade, Inc., a co-defendant not related to CTS that served as a contractor for East Bay Municipal Utility District.  Management of CTS (and the Company) believes that any losses in respect of Mountain Cascade should be covered under the umbrella policy.  However, the carrier has declined to release its reservation of rights as to this unresolved Mountain Cascade claim, and the amount that CTS will be required to contribute to any settlement of or judgment on the remaining plaintiffs’ cases is not determinable.  As of February 2009 one of the two remaining matters was settled as the unresolved portion of a settlement was finalized as an appeal that was being taken from a prior ruling on the settlement was not pursued timely and dismissed by the court at the same time we were advised the party was discontinuing its pursuit and would accept its allocated portion of a prior settlement.  This leaves only the claim by Mountain Cascade, Inc. unresolved.  Accordingly, management of CTS (and the Company) cannot estimate the amount of losses that CTS may ultimately incur in connection with these cases, if any, other than to estimate that any losses will be less than $1.5 million. No assurance can be given that the costs to CTS to resolve all remaining claims will be within management’s estimates.
 
The Company is also a party to contract and employment-related litigation matters, and audits of state and local tax returns arising in the ordinary course of its business.  In the opinion of Management, the aggregate liability, if any, with respect to any such legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business will not materially adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.  The Company expenses legal costs associated with contingencies when incurred.  The Company maintains general liability insurance, property insurance, automobile insurance, fidelity insurance, errors and omissions insurance, professional/medical malpractice insurance, fiduciary insurance, cyber insurance and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for domestic and foreign operations as management deems appropriate and prudent. The Company is generally self-insured with respect to workers compensation, but maintains excess workers compensation coverage to limit its maximum exposure to such claims.
 
 
 ITEM 4.  SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
 
None during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008.
 

 
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PART II
 
ITEM 5.   MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
 
Market Price and Dividends
 
The Company’s Common Stock is traded on the NYSE Amex (formerly, NYSE Alternext U.S. and, prior thereto, the American Stock Exchange) (NYSE Amex:CFS). The high and low sales prices for the Common Stock, as reported in the business news media, for the periods indicated, were as follows:
 
 
Fiscal Year
Quarter
High ($)
Low ($)
 
 
2008
First Quarter
2.65
1.20
 
   
Second Quarter
2.19
1.60
 
   
Third Quarter
2.05
0.70
 
   
Fourth Quarter
1.65
0.52
 
           
 
2007
First Quarter
2.60
2.11
 
   
Second Quarter
2.98
2.22
 
   
Third Quarter
2.69
1.90
 
   
Fourth Quarter
2.32
1.25
 

 
The closing price of the Common Stock of the Company on March  18, 2009 was $1.45.   As of such date, there were approximately 3,800 stockholders of record and 11,971,077 shares of Common Stock held by non-affiliates.  The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on March  18 , 2009 was $17,358,062 .
 
No dividends were declared or paid on the Common Stock during 2008. The terms of the Company’s debt obligations effectively prohibit its payment of dividends.  In addition, until undeclared, cumulated dividends on its Series 2003A, 2003B and 2004A Preferred Stock (approximately $5.0 million in the aggregate at December 28, 2008) are fully paid, no dividends are permitted to be paid on Common Stock.  Accordingly, the Company does not anticipate that it will pay cash dividends on its Common Stock for the foreseeable future.
 
Equity Compensation Plan Information
 
The following table describes options and warrants issued as part of the Company’s equity compensation plans at the end of fiscal 2008.
 
Plan Category
 
Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights
 
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights
 
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in first column).
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders (1)
 
2,355,000
 
$           2.57
 
990,000
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (2)
 
169,000
 
7.55
 
-
Total
 
2,524,000
 
$           2.90
 
990,000


 
19

 


(1)
At December 28, 2008, the Company had two equity compensation plans that had been approved by stockholders, the Long-Term Stock Investment Plan (the “1993 Plan”) and the 2002 Stock Option Plan (the “2002 Plan”).  Securities shown as being issuable pursuant to outstanding options, warrants and rights in the first column represent option grants made under the 1993 Plan and the 2002 Plan.  No options or other rights have been issuable under the 1993 Plan since December 31, 2002.  Accordingly, the number of securities shown in the third column as being available for future issuance includes only the shares of common stock remaining available for issuance under the 2002 Plan upon exercise of options or other rights that may be granted thereunder in future periods.  At the Company’s 2006 annual meeting of stockholders, the stockholders approved the increase in the number of shares issuable under the 2002 Plan from 1,000,000 to 2,000,000.
(2)
Warrants issued as additional compensation to debtholders for extending credit to the Company.
 
 
Convertible Instruments
 
Fanning CPD Assets, LP (the “Fanning Partnership”), a limited partnership in which John C. Fanning, the Company’s chairman and chief executive officer, holds the principal economic interest is the holder of $1.8 million principal amount of the Company’s 8% Convertible Subordinated Note (the “Convertible Note”). Under the terms of the Convertible Note, the Company is permitted to pay interest in cash or kind, at its election.  As permitted, on the two semi-annual interest payment dates of June 1, 2008 and December 1, 2008, the Company elected to pay the interest in-kind.  Accordingly, on June 1, 2008 and December 1, 2008, $66,000 and $68,000, respectively, were added to the principal of the Convertible Note.  As of the date of this report, the Company had sufficient excess availability under the PNC Credit Facility to fully repay the Convertible Note.
 
The Convertible Note is convertible at the election of the Fanning Partnership into common stock (or, in certain circumstances, into a participating preferred stock which in turn will be convertible into common stock at the same effective rate) at a conversion price of $1.70 per share.   The Company’s payments of interest in-kind were made in reliance upon the exemptions from registration afforded by section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933 and the regulations thereunder.  Unless the Company registers the shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Note for resale under the Securities Act of 1933, any resale of those shares by the Fanning Partnership, as an affiliate of the Company, will be conducted in compliance with the volume limitations and other conditions of Rule 144 of the Securities Act of 1933.
 
In addition, for fiscal 2008, dividends have cumulated in the amount of $461,000 on the Company’s Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $38,000 on the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $506,000 on the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.  Although these cumulated dividends have not been declared by the Company’s board of directors and are not payable, the Fanning Partnership can elect to convert all or any portion of these shares of Series Preferred Stock, including the cumulated dividends, into common stock (or, in certain circumstances, into a participating preferred stock which in turn will be convertible into common stock at the same effective rate) at a conversion price of $1.05 per share for the Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $0.54 per share for the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $1.70 per share for the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.  See notes 8, 10 and 17 to our consolidated financial statements.
 

 
20

 

ITEM 6.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
 
The following table sets forth selected historical financial data of the Company as of and for each of the five fiscal years in the period ended December 28, 2008. The Company derived the statement of income and balance sheet data as of and for each of the five fiscal years in the period ended December 28, 2008 from its audited historical consolidated financial statements (in thousands, except per share data).
 
   
2008
   
2007
   
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
Statement of Income Data:
                             
Net sales of services
  $ 606,636     $ 586,685     $ 567,821     $ 539,841     $ 480,887  
Costs and expenses:  
                                       
Cost of services
    510,188       494,104       478,927       460,581       408,850  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    77,129       74,012       68,821       59,919       53,755  
Depreciation and amortization
    3,156       2,803       3,095       3,700       4,219  
Total costs and expenses
    590,473       570,919       550,843       524,200       466,824  
Operating income
    16,163       15,766       16,978       15,641       14,063  
Other (expense) income:
                                       
Interest expense
    (4,400 )     (7,669 )     (9,369 )     (10,744 )     (12,338 )
(Loss) gain on debt extinguishment (1)
    (278 )     (443 )     (169 )     (336 )     1,999  
Other (expense) income, net
    (1,064 )     644       11       186       110  
      (5,742 )     (7,468 )     (9,527 )     (10,894 )     (10,229 )
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
    10,421       8,298       7,451       4,747       3,834  
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
    4,535       3,309       3,373       (1,455 )     2,058  
Income from continuing operations
    5,886       4,989       4,078       6,202       1,776  
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (2)
    -       1,000       -       70       (20 )
Net income
  $ 5,886     $ 5,989     $ 4,078     $ 6,272     $ 1,756  
                                         
Dividends on preferred stock
    1,005       1,005       1,005       1,005       530  
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 4,881     $ 4,984     $ 3,073     $ 5,267     $ 1,226  
                                         
Diluted income per share:
                                       
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.18     $ 0.16     $ 0.13     $ 0.21     $ 0.07  
Income from discontinued operations
    -       0.03       -       -       -  
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 0.18     $ 0.19     $ 0.13     $ 0.21     $ 0.07  
                                         
Balance Sheet data:
                                       
Working capital
  $ 23,314     $ 34,513     $ 32,345     $ 43,163     $ 46,018  
Trade receivables, net
    149,704       131,264       127,249       118,916       92,144  
Goodwill
    32,073       32,073       32,073       32,073       32,073  
Total assets
    201,736       183,384       175,138       173,978       154,649  
Total debt, including current maturities
    69,978       83,858       89,770       105,792       117,227  
Stockholders’ deficit (3)
    (3,833 )     (9,503 )     (18,715 )     (23,031 )     (29,835 )

(1)
During 2004, the Company repurchased Senior Notes, and, as a result of these repurchases, the Company recognized a gain on debt extinguishment of $2.0 million, net of $280,000 of deferred financing costs.  During 2005, the Company repurchased Senior Notes, and, as a result of these repurchases, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $336,000, net of $178,000 of deferred financing costs. During 2006, the Company repurchased and redeemed Senior Notes, and, as a result of these repurchases and redemptions, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $169,000, net of $128,000 of deferred financing costs. During 2007, the Company redeemed and repurchased Senior Notes, and, as a result of the redemption and repurchase, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $443,000, net of $137,000 of deferred financing costs.  During 2008, the Company redeemed and repurchased Senior Notes, and, as a result of the redemption and repurchase, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $278,000, net of $108,000 of deferred financing costs.  See “Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources” in Item 7.

 
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(2)
Effective March 1, 2004, the Company sold its interest in two telecom subsidiaries in the Staff Augmentation segment.  In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Statement No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets ("SFAS 144") the results of operations from the sale of this telecom operation have been reclassified as discontinued operations.  The Company initiated a lawsuit against the purchaser of this telecom operation and, following mediation and extended negotiations, the parties reached a settlement in September 2007 under which $1.0 million was received by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2007.
   
(3)
In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”).  Under FIN 48, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the tax position.  The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such tax position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.  The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007.  The impact upon adoption was to decrease accumulated deficit by approximately $3.4 million and to decrease accruals for uncertain tax positions and related penalties and interest by a corresponding amount.

 
ITEM 7.   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The discussion set forth below supplements the information found in the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes of COMFORCE Corporation (“COMFORCE”) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including COMFORCE Operating, Inc. (“COI”) (collectively, the “Company”).
 
 
Overview
 
Staffing personnel placed by the Company are employees of the Company. The Company is responsible for employment related expenses for its employees, including workers compensation, unemployment compensation insurance, Medicare and Social Security taxes and general payroll expenses.  The Company offers health, dental, 401(k), disability and life insurance to its eligible employees. Staffing and consulting companies, including the Company, typically pay their billable employees for their services before receiving payment from their customers, resulting in significant outstanding receivables.  To the extent the Company grows, these receivables will increase and there will be greater need for borrowing availability under the PNC Credit Facility.  At March 8, 2009, the Company had outstanding $78.6 million principal amount under the PNC Credit Facility with remaining availability of up to $18.7 million, based upon the borrowing base as defined in the loan agreement, to fund operations.  The Company has had preliminary discussions with PNC to extend the PNC Credit Facility beyond its current maturity date of July 24, 2010.  No assurance can be given that the Company will resolve such discussions on a satisfactory basis.
 
The Company reports its results through three operating segments -- Human Capital Management Services, Staff Augmentation and Financial Outsourcing Services.  The Human Capital Management Services segment primarily provides staffing management services that enable Fortune 1000 companies and other large employers to consolidate, automate and manage staffing, compliance and oversight processes for their contingent workforces.  The Staff Augmentation segment provides healthcare support services, technical and engineering, information technology, telecommunications and other staffing needs.  The Financial Outsourcing Services segment provides funding and back office support services to independent consulting and staffing companies.
 
The Company’s fiscal year consists of the 52 or 53 weeks ending on the last Sunday in December.  The Company’s most recently completed fiscal year ended on December 28, 2008.  Fiscal years 2008 and 2007 each contained 52 weeks and fiscal year 2006 contained 53 weeks.
 
 
Recent Developments
 
Current United States and worldwide economic conditions have resulted in an extraordinary tightening of credit markets.  These economic conditions have been characterized in news reports as a global economic crisis that has
 

 
22

 

been marked by dramatic and rapid shifts in market conditions and government responses, and they have resulted in unprecedented intervention in financial institutions and markets by governments throughout the world.  Although many economists originally characterized this crisis as limited to the subprime mortgage markets, the current adverse conditions have quickly spread to broader financial, manufacturing and labor markets.   As reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (U.S. Department of Labor) in a report released March 6, 2009, nonfarm payroll employment fell by approximately 650,000 in February 2009 and the unemployment rate rose to 8.1%.
 
In October 2008, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 was enacted. Under this act, up to $700 billion has been made available to stabilize U.S. banks and enable the government to purchase devalued financial instruments held by banks and other financial institutions.  The Federal Reserve continues to take other measures to stabilize the U.S. financial system and encourage lending.  In February 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 was signed into law, which provides up to $787 billion in broad based relief to stimulate economic activity, including $288 billion in tax relief, $148 billion for health care, $91 billion for education, $83 billion for worker benefits, job training and unemployment relief, and $81 billion in infrastructure development.
 
Management has been closely monitoring the economic conditions and government responses.  The Company has also implemented new procedures to contain or reduce its expenses.  The impact of the tight credit markets on our interest expense in the second half of 2008 was limited, but we expect our interest expense in future periods to increase unless the credit markets improve significantly.  In addition, we have observed a weakening in the labor markets that has resulted in declines in revenues in our Staff Augmentation segment during the second half of 2008 as compared to the comparable 2007 period.  Furthermore, some of our clients have announced  reductions in workforce,  including contingent  labor, which may cause  some of the vendors we manage as part of our Human Capital Management Services and RightSourcing  Services programs to reduce or  discontinue  operations,  which would further impact our management of these programs.  While the current economic conditions have not had a significant negative impact on our operations through the end of 2008, if these conditions persist or deteriorate, they could potentially have a significant adverse impact on our operations in future periods.
 
See “Risk Factors--Global economic conditions have created turmoil in credit and labor markets that could have a significant adverse impact on our operations” in Item 1A of this report.
 
 
Results of Operations
 
Fiscal Year Ended December 28, 2008 compared to December 30, 2007
 
Net sales of services for the year ended December 28, 2008 were $606.6 million, which represents a 3.4% increase from the $586.7 million in net sales of services recorded for the year ended December 30, 2007.  Net sales of services in the Human Capital Management Services segment increased by $25.8 million, or 7.1%, due primarily to an increase in services provided to new clients.  While management believes that such an increase is reflective of a trend over the past decade for companies to rely increasingly on providers of human capital management services, such as those provided by the Company’s PrO Unlimited subsidiary, the current economic environment (see “Overview and Recent Developments” in this Item 7) has impacted this trend.  Management has observed that, since the second quarter of 2008, PrO’s customers generally have not sought to expand the scope of services they engage PrO to perform.   In the Staff Augmentation segment, net sales of services decreased $5.6 million, or 2.5%, which decrease was principally attributable to the decrease of services provided to technical services customers, partially offset by an increase in services provided to healthcare support services and information technology customers.
 
Cost of services for the year ended December 28, 2008 was 84.1% of net sales of services as compared to cost of services of 84.2% of net sales of services for the year ended December 30, 2007.  Cost of services as a percentage of net sales of services in the Human Capital Management Services segment for fiscal 2008 was 86.7% as compared to 86.8% for fiscal 2007.  In the Staff Augmentation segment, cost of services as a percentage of net sales of services for fiscal 2008 was 80.6% as compared to 81.3% in this segment for fiscal 2007, principally due to higher gross margins associated with the healthcare support services described above.
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales of services were 12.7% for the year ended December 28, 2008, compared to 12.6% for the year ended December 30, 2007.  The $3.1 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses is primarily due to higher personnel costs incurred to support the increase
 

 
23

 

in consultant consolidation services provided in the Human Capital Management Services segment discussed above.
 
Operating income for the year ended December 28, 2008 was $16.2 million, or 2.7% of net sales, as compared to operating income of $15.8 million, or 2.7% of net sales, for the year ended December 30, 2007.  The Company’s operating income for fiscal 2008 is slightly higher than for fiscal 2007 principally due to an increase in net sales of services and related gross margins in Human Capital Management Services and healthcare support services, partially offset by an increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses discussed above.
 
The Company’s interest expense for the year ended December 28, 2008 was principally attributable to interest recorded on the PNC Credit Facility, the Convertible Note and, prior to their redemption, the Senior Notes. Interest expense of $4.4 million for fiscal 2008 was lower as compared to the interest expense of $7.7 million for fiscal 2007.  This decrease in interest expense was principally due to the repurchases and redemptions of $22.9 million of Senior Notes since the beginning of 2007, including the redemption of the remaining $5.2 million principal amount of Senior Notes in August 2008, and to lower interest rates under the PNC Credit Facility.
 
As a result of its repurchase of $6.5 million principal amount of Senior Notes in April 2008 and its final redemption of $5.2 million principal amount of Senior Notes in August 2008, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $278,000 in the year ended December 28, 2008, including the write-off of $108,000 of deferred financing costs.  As a result of its redemption of $10.0 million principal amount of Senior Notes in June 2007 and its repurchase of $1.2 million of Senior Notes in December 2007, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $443,000 in the year ended December 30, 2007, including the write-off of $137,000 of deferred financing costs.  See also the discussion in note 8 under “Revolving Line of Credit” in our consolidated financial statements.
 
Other expense, net, for the year ended December 28, 2008 of $1.1 million, principally consists of losses on foreign currency exchanges as compared to other income, net, for the year ended December 30, 2007 of $644,000, principally consisting of gains on foreign currency exchanges.
 
The income tax provision for the year ended December 28, 2008 was $4.5 million (a rate of 43.5%) on income from continuing operations before income taxes of $10.4 million.  Included in the income tax provision for the year ended December 28, 2008 are discrete items related to an income tax benefit for certain return-to-provision items based on the filing of the Company’s 2007 tax return, partially offset by the accrual of interest pursuant to FIN 48.  The income tax provision for the year ended December 30, 2007 was $3.3 million (a rate of 39.9%) on income from continuing operations before income taxes of $8.3 million.  Included in the income tax provision for fiscal 2007 is an income tax benefit related to certain tax deductions realized upon the dissolution of a subsidiary that operated one branch office that has been closed.
 
The Company’s total unrecognized tax benefit as of December 28, 2008 was approximately $818,000, which, if recognized, would affect the Company’s effective tax rate.  As of December 28, 2008, the Company had approximately $24,000 of accrued interest and penalties reflected in the tax provision.
 
In accordance with SFAS 144, the results of operations from the sale of the Company’s niche telecom operations (as described in note 18 to our consolidated financial statements) have been recorded as discontinued operations.   The net income from discontinued operations was $1.0 million for the year ended December 30, 2007, which represented the settlement received in November 2007.  As a result of a capital loss relating to this settlement, no provision for income taxes was recorded.
 
 
Fiscal Year Ended December 30, 2007 compared to Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2006
 
Net sales of services for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2007 were $586.7 million, which represents a 3.3% increase from the $567.8 million in net sales of services recorded for the year ended December 31, 2006.  Net sales of services in the Human Capital Management Services segment increased by $26.0 million, or 7.7%, due to an increase in services provided to new and existing clients.  Management believes such increase is reflective of a trend for companies to rely increasingly on providers of human capital management services, such as those provided by the Company’s PrO Unlimited subsidiary.  In the Staff Augmentation segment, the decrease of $6.8 million, or 3.0%, is principally attributable to the decrease of services provided to telecom, other staffing and technical services customers,
 

 
24

 

partially offset by an increase in services provided to information technology and healthcare support customers.  Our revenues were impacted by a reduction of business days in 2007 as compared to 2006.  In addition, the reduction in net sales of services in the telecom sector was due to a reduction in demand from our largest telecom client.
 
Cost of services for the year ended December 30, 2007 was 84.2% of net sales of services as compared to cost of services of 84.3% of net sales of services for the year ended December 31, 2006.  The cost of services as a percentage of net sales for the year ended December 30, 2007 decreased slightly from the prior year principally due to higher gross margins as a result of increased consultant consolidation services provided by the Human Capital Management Services segment and lower state unemployment rates, partially offset by less favorable workers compensation claims experience during 2007.
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales of services were 12.6% for the year ended December 30, 2007, compared to 12.1% for the year ended December 31, 2006.  The $5.2 million increase in selling, general and administrative expenses is primarily due to higher personnel and professional costs incurred to support the increase in consultant consolidation services provided in the Human Capital Management Services segment discussed above and additional professional fees and personnel costs associated with Sarbanes-Oxley compliance.
 
Operating income for the year ended December 30, 2007 was $15.8 million, or 2.7% of net sales, as compared to operating income of $17.0 million, or 3.0% of net sales, for the year ended December 31, 2006.  The Company’s operating income for 2007 is slightly lower than 2006 principally due to an increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses and less favorable workers compensation experience discussed above partially offset by an increase in net sales of services and higher gross margins in Human Capital Management Services.
 
The Company’s interest expense for the year ended December 30, 2007 was principally attributable to interest recorded on the PNC Credit Facility, the Convertible Note and the Senior Notes. The interest expense of $7.7 million for 2007 was lower as compared to the interest expense of $9.4 million for 2006.  This reduction was principally due to the repurchase and redemption of $11.2 million of Senior Notes during 2007 and $23.4 million during 2006.  These decreases were partially offset by increased interest expense on the Company’s revolving line of credit due to higher borrowings in 2007 as compared to 2006.
 
As a result of the redemption and repurchase, the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $443,000, including a reduction of $137,000 of deferred financing costs in 2007.  The Company’s repurchase and redemption of Senior Notes during 2006 resulted in a loss of $169,000 net of $128,000 of deferred financing costs.
 
The income tax provision for the year ended December 30, 2007 was $3.3 million (a rate of 39.9%) on income from continuing operations before income taxes of $8.3 million.   The income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $3.4 million (a rate of 45.3%) on income from continuing operations before income taxes of $7.5 million.  The difference between income taxes at the federal statutory income tax rate and the Company’s tax provision for the respective periods relates primarily to state income taxes, as well as a disallowance for non-deductible expenses and adjustments to tax contingencies during 2006.  In addition, the Company included a tax deduction of approximately $1.3 million (a tax benefit of $476,000) when determining its expected annual effective tax rate for the year ended December 30, 2007 due to tax benefits expected to be realized upon the dissolution of a subsidiary that represented one closed branch office.
 
In accordance with SFAS 144, the results of operations from the sale of the Company’s niche telecom operations (as described in note 18 to our consolidated financial statements) have been recorded as discontinued operations.   The net income from discontinued operations was $1.0 million for the year ended December 30, 2007, which represented the settlement received in November 2007.  As a result of a capital loss relating to this settlement, no provision for income taxes was recorded.
 
 
Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
As described in “Overview and Recent Developments” in this Item 7, management has observed weakening of the labor markets and a tightening of the credit markets coupled with an increase in interest rates.  These conditions, which are interrelated, could affect our liquidity in future periods in a number of ways, including by:
 

 
25

 

·  
decreasing the demand for contingent staff, although the pool of employee candidates should increase;
 
·  
affecting our customers’ ability to timely make payment on our invoices; and
 
·  
increasing our interest expense and, if conditions persist or deteriorate, making it more difficult for us to refinance or extend the PNC Credit Facility at its maturity on July 24, 2010.
 
The Company generally pays its billable employees weekly or bi-weekly for their services, and remits certain statutory payroll and related taxes as well as other fringe benefits.  Invoices are generated to reflect these costs plus the Company’s markup.  These invoices are typically paid within 40 days.  Increases in the Company’s net sales of services, resulting from expansion of existing offices or establishment of new offices, will require additional cash resources.
 
Staffing personnel placed by the Company are employees of the Company. The Company is responsible for employment related expenses for its employees, including workers compensation, unemployment compensation insurance, Medicare and Social Security taxes and general payroll expenses.  The Company offers health, dental, 401(k), disability and life insurance to its eligible employees. Staffing and consulting companies, including the Company, typically pay their billable employees for their services before receiving payment from their customers, resulting in significant outstanding receivables.  To the extent the Company grows, these receivables will increase and there will be greater need for borrowing availability under the PNC Credit Facility.  At March 8, 2009, the Company had outstanding $78.6 million principal amount under the PNC Credit Facility with remaining availability of up to $18.7 million based upon the borrowing base, as defined under the PNC Credit Facility agreement, to fund operations.
 
Off-Balance Sheet and Contractual Obligations: As of December 28, 2008, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements other than operating leases entered into in the normal course of business, as indicated in the table below.  The following table represents contractual commitments associated with operating lease agreements, employment agreements and principal repayments on debt obligations (excluding interest):
 
 
Payments due by fiscal year (in thousands)
 
 
2009
   
2010
   
2011
   
2012
   
Thereafter
 
                                       
Operating Leases
$ 2,933     $ 1,837     $ 1,182     $ 700     $ 23  
Employment Agreements
  1,040       -       -       -       -  
PNC Credit Facility(1)- principal repayments
  -       68,200       -       -       -  
Convertible Note(1) - principal repayments
  1,778       -       -       -       -  
Total
$ 5,751     $ 70,037     $ 1,182     $ 700     $ 23  

(1)
See note 8 to our consolidated financial statements.
 

 
COMFORCE, COI and various of their operating subsidiaries, as co-borrowers and guarantors, are parties to the $110.0 million PNC Credit Facility with PNC, as a lender and administrative agent, and other financial institutions participating as lenders to provide for a revolving line of credit with available borrowings based, generally, on 87.0% of the Company’s accounts receivable aged 90 days or less, subject to specified limitations and exceptions.  The Company entered into the PNC Credit Facility in June 2003 and it has been subject to eight amendments.
 
The obligations under the PNC Credit Facility are collateralized by a pledge of the capital stock of certain key operating subsidiaries of the Company and by security interests in substantially all of the assets of the Company. The PNC Credit Facility contains various financial and other covenants and conditions, including, but not limited to, a prohibition on paying cash dividends and limitations on engaging in affiliate transactions, making acquisitions and incurring additional indebtedness.  The maturity date of the PNC Credit Facility is July 24, 2010.
 
The Company also had standby letters of credit outstanding under the PNC Credit Facility at December 28, 2008 in the aggregate amount of $4.2 million, principally as security for the Company’s obligations under its workers compensation insurance policies.
 

 
26

 

As reported in the accompanying cash flow statement, during 2008, the Company’s primary sources of funds were $19.7 million provided by its operating activities due significantly to the continued profitability of the Company.  The Company also used cash of $5.5 million in investing activities due to the purchases of property and equipment.  In addition, the cash used in financing activities of $14.4 million is primarily a result of the repurchase and redemption of $11.9 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes.
 
At December 28, 2008, the Company had outstanding $68.2 million principal amount under the PNC Credit Facility bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 3.35% per annum.  At such date, the Company had remaining availability of up to $23.6 million based upon the borrowing base, as defined in the agreement, under the PNC Credit Facility.
 
At December 28, 2008, the Company also had outstanding $1.8 million principal amount of Convertible Notes bearing interest at 8% per annum.
 
The Company has made significant progress in improving its capital structure and reducing interest expense through the elimination of long-term debt through the repurchase, redemption or exchange of Senior Notes, Convertible Notes and other instruments.  Since June 2000 and through the date of this Report, the Company has eliminated $138.8 million of public debt and reduced its total long-term debt from $195.3 million to $68.2 million.  The Company has reduced its annualized interest expense principally by borrowing at the lower rates available under the PNC Credit Facility to effectuate the repurchase and redemption of long-term debt and by exchanging preferred stock and lower interest rate Convertible Notes for public debt.
 
Substantially all of the consolidated net assets of the Company are assets of COI and all of the net income that had been generated by the Company was attributable to the operations of COI.  Prior to the redemption of the remaining Senior Notes in August 2008 (as described under “Results of Operations --Fiscal Year Ended December 28, 2008 compared to December 30, 2007” in this Item 7), these assets and any cumulated net income were restricted as to their use by COMFORCE.  The Indenture imposed restrictions on COI making specified payments, which were referred to as “restricted payments,” including making distributions or paying dividends (referred to as upstreaming funds) to COMFORCE.  Upon the completion of the redemption of the Senior Notes, these restrictions were eliminated.  However, the PNC Credit Facility includes significant restrictions and covenants that continue to be binding on the Company, including many that are comparable to or more restrictive than those that were applicable under the Indenture (see note 8 to our consolidated financial statements).
 
The Company’s Series 2003A, 2003B and 2004A Preferred Stock provide for dividends of 7.5% per annum and, at December 28, 2008 there were cumulated, unpaid and undeclared dividends of $2.7 million on the Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $202,000 on the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $2.1 million on the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.  If such dividends and underlying instruments were converted to voting or non-voting common stock, the aggregate amount would equal 14.9 million shares at December 28, 2008 (as compared to 14.1 million shares at December 30, 2007).
 
Management of the Company believes that cash flow from operations and funds anticipated to be available under the PNC Credit Facility will be sufficient to service the Company’s indebtedness and to meet currently anticipated working capital requirements for the next 12 months.  The Company was in compliance with all covenants under the PNC Credit Facility at December 28, 2008 and expects to remain in compliance for the next 12 months.  The Company has had preliminary discussions with PNC to extend the PNC Credit Facility beyond its current maturity date of July 24, 2010. No assurance can be given that the Company will resolve such discussions on a satisfactory basis.
 
The Company is currently undergoing audits for certain state and local tax returns.  The results of these audits are not expected to have a material effect upon the results of operations.
 
In 2006, COMFORCE Technical Services, Inc. (“CTS”) entered into a contract with a United States government agency (the “Agency”) to provide technical, operational and professional services in foreign countries throughout the world for humanitarian purposes.  Persons employed by CTS in the host countries include U.S. nationals, nationals of the host countries (local nationals) and nationals of other countries (third country nationals). The contract provides, generally, that the U.S. government will reimburse the Company for all direct labor properly chargeable to the contract plus fringe benefits, in some cases at specified rates and profit.  Although not anticipated, the
 

 
27

 

amount of foreign payroll taxes and other taxes related to these employees could potentially exceed the amount available to us from our own resources or under the PNC Credit Facility.  (See note 12 to our  consolidated financial statements.)
 
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
Management’s discussion in this Item 7 addresses the Company’s consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.  The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in those financial statements.  These judgments can be subjective and complex, and consequently actual results could differ from those estimates. A discussion of the more significant estimates follows.  Management has discussed the development, selection and disclosure of these estimates and assumptions with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
 
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Staff Augmentation and Human Capital Management Services:  The Company provides supplemental staff to its customers under arrangements that typically require supervision by the customers’ management for a period of time.  In these arrangements, the Company is solely responsible for employees engaged to provide services to a customer.  The Company is the sole employer of record, pays the employees’ wages, pays unemployment taxes and workers compensation insurance premiums, provides health insurance and other benefits to eligible employees, and is responsible for paying all related taxes.  The Company enters into service agreements with its customers, negotiates the terms of the services, including pricing, and bears the credit risk relative to customer payments.  The Company bills its customers for these services with payment generally due upon receipt of the invoice.  Revenue under these arrangements is recognized upon the performance of the service by the Company’s employees.  The associated payroll costs are recorded as cost of sales.  There is no right of cancellation or refund provisions in these arrangements and the Company has no further obligations once the services are rendered by the employee.
 
The Company’s contingent staffing management services enable customers to manage the selection, procurement and supervision of contingent staffing suppliers through its web-enabled proprietary and third party software, and include providing Company operating and support personnel to assist customers.  The Company does not sell its software to customers, but rather utilizes it in connection with providing services.  Consultant consolidation services, provided as a component of contingent staffing management services, comprise the management of invoicing for a customer’s multiple services providers that results in the consolidation of invoices for all of a customer’s individual staffing vendors.  The Company recognizes revenue for the amount of its fees for these services, which are determined as a percentage of the gross billings to customers from the contingent staffing suppliers, as the services are performed.  The Company invoices its customers for its fees together with the billings from the contingent staffing suppliers, which are reflected in accounts receivable as there is no right of offset with the liabilities for amounts due to the contingent staffing suppliers.  Amounts invoiced related to contingent staffing supplier billings are included in accrued expenses and are settled after our collection of the related receivables.
 
We rely on our billable employees, staffing suppliers and clients to timely submit their work and expense reports.  It is our policy to record all activity (net sales of services and cost of services) performed during each reporting period for which we receive and process the submissions of our billable employees, staffing suppliers and clients within two weeks after the end of each of our first three quarters and within five weeks after the end of our fiscal year.
 
In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 01-14, Income Statement Characterization of Reimbursements Received for ‘Out-of-Pocket’ Expenses Incurred, reimbursements received by the Company for out-of-pocket expenses are characterized as revenue.
 
The Company follows Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent, in the presentation of revenues and expenses.  This guidance requires that the Company assess whether it acts as a principal in the transaction or as an agent acting on behalf of others.  In situations where the Company is the principal in the transaction and has the risks and rewards of ownership, the transactions are recorded gross in our consolidated statements of income.
 

 
28

 

Staff Augmentation:  A portion of the Company’s revenue is attributable to license agreements.  Under the terms of such license agreements, the Company is fully responsible for the payment of the employees.  The Company submits all invoices for services performed to the customers and they are required to remit their payments for services performed directly to the Company.  The Company includes these revenues and related direct costs in its net sales of services and cost of services on a gross basis.  The net distribution to the licensee is based on a percentage of gross profit generated.
 
Financial Outsourcing Services: The Company provides back office support to unaffiliated independently owned staffing companies.  These arrangements typically require the Company to process the payrolls and invoicing for these unaffiliated staffing companies through the use of the Company’s information technology system.  In return, these unaffiliated staffing companies (the Company’s customers) pay the Company a fixed percentage of the weekly billings it processed for them.  Payment of the Company’s fees is due upon the completion of the processing of weekly payrolls and invoicing.  Revenue is recognized over the period as the Company performs these services for the amount of the fixed fee the Company receives as stipulated in the applicable contract.  There is no right of cancellation or refund provisions in these arrangements and the Company has no further obligations once the services are rendered.
 
The Company also provides funding services to unaffiliated independently owned staffing companies.   These arrangements typically require the Company to advance funds to these unaffiliated staffing companies (the Company’s customers) in exchange for the receivables related to invoices remitted to their clients for services performed during the prior week.  The advances are repaid through the remittance of payments of receivables by their clients directly to the Company.  The Company withholds from these advances an administrative fee and other charges as well as the amount of receivables relating to prior advances that remain unpaid after a specified number of days.  These administrative fees and other charges are recognized as revenue when earned.  There is no right of cancellation or refund provisions in these arrangements and the Company has no further obligations once the services are rendered.
 
 
Accounts Receivable
 
The Company’s accounts receivable balances are comprised of trade and unbilled receivables.  The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts recorded as an estimate of the accounts receivable balance that may not be collected.  This allowance is calculated on the trade receivables with consideration for the Company’s historical write-off experience, the current aging of receivables, general economic climate and the financial condition of customers.  After giving due consideration to these factors, the Company establishes specific allowances for uncollectible accounts.  The allowance for the funding and service fee receivables is calculated with consideration for the ability of the Company’s clients to absorb chargebacks due to the uncollectibility of the funded receivables. Bad debt expense, which increases the allowance for doubtful accounts, is recorded as an operating expense in our consolidated statements of income.  Factors that would cause this provision to increase primarily relate to increased bankruptcies by customers, the inability of the Company’s funding services clients to absorb chargebacks and other difficulties collecting amounts billed.  On the other hand, an improved write-off experience and aging of receivables would result in a decrease to the provision.
 
 
Accrued Workers Compensation Liability
 
The Company records its estimate of the ultimate cost of, and liabilities for, workers compensation based on actuarial computations using the Company's loss history as well as industry statistics.  Furthermore, in determining its liabilities, the Company includes amounts for estimated claims incurred but not reported.  The ultimate cost of workers compensation will depend on actual costs incurred to settle the claims and may differ from the liabilities recorded for those claims.
 
Accruals for workers compensation claims are included in accrued expenses in our consolidated balance sheets.  A significant increase in claims or changes in laws may require the Company to record additional expenses related to workers compensation.  On the other hand, significantly improved claim experience may result in lower annual expense levels.
 

 
29

 

 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The Company records a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets for which realization of the asset is not considered more-likely-than-not.
 
Management’s judgment is required in determining the realizability of the deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowances recorded.  The net deferred tax assets may need to be adjusted in the event that tax rates are modified, or management’s estimates of future taxable income change, such that deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be recovered or settled at a different tax rate than currently estimated. In addition, valuation allowances may need to be adjusted in the event that management’s estimate of future taxable income changes from the amounts currently estimated.
 
The Company provides for income taxes on a quarterly basis based upon an estimated annual effective tax rate.  In determining this rate, management estimates taxable income for each of the jurisdictions where the Company operates, as well as the tax rate that will be in effect for each state and foreign country.  To the extent these estimates change during the year, or that actual results differ from these estimates, the estimated annual tax rate may change between quarterly periods and may differ from the actual effective tax rate for the year.
 
 
Goodwill Impairment
 
The Company is required to test goodwill for impairment in accordance with the provisions of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”), as of the end of each fiscal year or earlier during each fiscal year as circumstances require.  In connection with these goodwill tests, the Company engages an independent valuation firm to assist management in the determination of the fair values of its reporting units (as defined by SFAS 142).  In its determination of the fair values, the firm engaged by the Company primarily utilizes a discounted cash flow analysis as well as various other valuation approaches, including (i) capitalization multiples of companies with investment characteristics resembling those of the reporting units, (ii) the enterprise value of the Company, and (iii) asset and liability structure.
 
Significant assumptions used in this analysis include (i) expected future revenue growth rates, operating unit profit margins, and working capital levels, (ii) a discount rate, and (iii) a terminal value multiple.  The revenue growth rates, working capital levels and operating unit profit margins are based on management’s expectation of future results.  If management’s expectations of future operating results change, or if there are changes to other assumptions, the estimate of the fair value of the Company’s reporting units could change significantly.  Such a change could result in additional goodwill impairment charges in future periods, which could have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
 
Share-based Payment
 
With our adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (Revised 2004), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), effective December 26, 2005, we are required to record the fair value of share-based payment awards as an expense.  In order to determine the fair value of stock options on the date of grant, the Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.  Inherent in this model are assumptions related to expected stock price volatility, option life, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield.  Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of our shares using daily price observations over a period consistent with the expected life.  For options granted in fiscal 2006 and later, we use the safe harbor guidance in SAB 107 to estimate the expected life of options.  The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods similar to the expected life.  While the risk-free interest rate and dividend yield are less subjective assumptions that, typically, are based on factual data derived from public sources, the expected stock price volatility and option life assumptions require a greater level of judgment which makes them critical accounting estimates.

 
30

 

 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141-R, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141-R”).  This statement is effective for us on December 29, 2008, and applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after December 29, 2008.  SFAS 141-R significantly changes the accounting for acquisitions. Some of the major provisions are that acquisition related costs will generally be expensed as incurred, contingent consideration will be recorded at fair value on the acquisition date, with adjustments to certain forms of contingent liabilities impacting the results of operations. The impact that SFAS 141-R will have on our consolidated financial statements after adoption will depend on the nature, terms, and size of the acquisitions, if any, we consummate after adoption.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements (“FAS 160”). FAS 160 re-characterizes minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries as non-controlling interests and requires the classification of minority interests as a component of equity. Under FAS 160, a change in control will be measured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. The effective date for FAS 160 is for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption and retroactive application of FAS 160 to fiscal years preceding the effective date are not permitted. We currently do not have minority interests in our consolidated subsidiaries.
 
 
Seasonality
 
In the Human Capital Management Services segment, PrO Unlimited does not observe significant seasonal variations in its business.  In the Staff Augmentation segment, demand for services has historically been lower during the second half of the fourth quarter through the following second quarter, and, generally shows gradual improvement until the second half of the fourth quarter.  The Company’s quarterly operating results are, however, affected by the number of billing days in the quarter.  Management has noted that the observance of seasonal trends has been limited in the current economic climate.
 
 
Forward Looking Statements
 
We have made statements under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under this Item 7, as well as in other sections of this report that are forward-looking statements.  In some cases, you can identify these statements by forward-looking words such as “may,” “might,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “predicts,” “intends,” “potential,” “continue,” the negative of these terms and other comparable terminology.  These forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, may include projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth strategies and anticipated trends in our business and industry. These statements are only predictions based on our current expectations and projections about future events.
 
Although we believe the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee our future results, level of activity, performance or achievements, particularly in light of the current global economic crisis that has been marked by dramatic and rapid shifts in market conditions and government responses (see “Overview and Recent Developments” and “Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources,” each in this Item 7).  Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of any of these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements after the date of this report to conform our prior statements to actual results or revised expectations.
 
Factors which may cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from the results, level of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements include the following:
 
·  
unfavorable global, national or local economic conditions that cause our customers to defer hiring contingent workers or reduce spending on the human capital management services and staffing that we provide;
 
·  
the current banking crisis has created a tightening of the credit markets coupled with increasing interest rates, which, if these conditions persist or deteriorate, could significantly increase our interest expense and make it more difficult and costly for us to refinance or extend the PNC Credit Facility at its maturity on July 24, 2010;
 

 
31

 

·  
significant increases in the effective rates of any payroll-related costs that we are unable to pass on to our customers;  
 
·  
increases in the costs of complying with the complex federal, state and foreign laws and regulations in which we operate, or our inability to comply with these laws and regulations;
 
·  
our inability to collect fees due to the bankruptcy of our customers, including the amount of any wages we have paid to our employees for work performed for these customers;
 
·  
our inability to keep pace with rapid changes in technology in our industry;
 
·  
potential losses relating to the placement of our employees in other workplaces, including our employees’ misuse of customer proprietary information, misappropriation of funds, discrimination, harassment, theft of property, accidents, torts or other claims;
 
·  
our inability to successfully develop new services or enhance our existing services as the markets in which we compete grow more competitive;
 
·  
unfavorable developments in our business may result in the necessity of writing off goodwill in future periods;
 
·  
as a result of covenants and restrictions in the agreements governing the PNC Credit Facility or any future debt instruments, our inability to use available cash in the manner management believes will maximize stockholder value;
 
·  
unfavorable press or analysts’ reports concerning our industry or our company could negatively affect the perception investors have of our company and our prospects; or
 
·  
any of the other factors described under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Report.
 
 
ITEM 7A.   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
At December 28, 2008, we had $68.2 million outstanding under the PNC Credit Facility bearing variable rate interest at the weighted average rate of 3.35% per annum as compared to $70.5 million outstanding at December 30, 2007 at a weighted average rate of 6.9% per annum.  Despite the turmoil in the U.S. and global credit markets, we have experienced a reduced weighted average rate for borrowings under the PNC Credit Facility due to a reduction in LIBOR.  Assuming an immediate 25% increase in the weighted average interest rate of 3.35% on variable rate obligations of $68.2 million, the impact to the Company in annualized interest expense would be approximately $571,000.
 
The Company has not entered into any swap agreements or other hedging transactions as a means of limiting exposure to interest rate or foreign currency fluctuations.  Although the Company provides its services in several countries, based upon the current level of investments in these countries, it does not believe that even a 25% change in foreign currency rates would have a material impact to the Company’s financial position.
 
A portion of the Company’s borrowings are fixed rate obligations, including $1.8 million principal amount of Convertible Notes bearing interest at a fixed rate of 8% per annum.  The estimated fair value of these debt obligations at December 28, 2008 was $1.7 million for the Convertible Notes.  Management of the Company does not believe that a 25% increase in interest rates would have a material impact on the fair value of these fixed rate obligations.
 

 
32

 

 
ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
 
Financial Statements and Schedule as listed on page F-1.
 
 
ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
 
None.
 
 
ITEM 9A(T).  CONTROLS AND PROCDURES
 
Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures pertaining to the Company’s ability to record, process, and report reliable information.  The Company’s internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company’s management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of the Company’s published financial statements.
 
The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 28, 2008.  In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control – Integrated Framework.  Based on this assessment, the Company’s management identified no material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting and has concluded that, as of December 28, 2008, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.
 
This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting.  Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.
 
During the Company’s fiscal quarter ended December 28, 2008, there were no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that have materially and adversely affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
Management of the Company has also evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 28, 2008.  Based upon this evaluation, our management has concluded that, as of December 28, 2008, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act.  Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
 
ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION
 
None.
 

 
33

 

PART III
 
 
ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
 
The information required by this section will be included in the Company’s Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 27, 2009 and is incorporated by reference herein.
 
 
ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 
The information required by this section will be included in the Company’s Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 27, 2009 and is incorporated by reference herein.
 
 
ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
 
The information required by this section will be included in the Company’s Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 27, 2009 and is incorporated by reference herein.
 
 
ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
 
The information required by this section will be included in the Company’s Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 27, 2009 and is incorporated by reference herein.
 
 
ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
 
The information required by this section will be included in the Company’s Proxy Statement, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or before April 27, 2009 and is incorporated by reference herein.
 
PART IV
 
ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 
 

(a)   Financial Statements

 
1.
Financial Statements as listed on page F-1.
 
2.
Financial Statement Schedule listed on page F-1.
 
3.
Exhibits as listed on the Exhibit Index. 

(b)   Exhibits

The exhibits filed herewith are listed on the Exhibit Index.
 

(c)   Other Financial Statement Schedules

None
 

A copy of this annual report on Form 10-K will accompany the Company’s proxy statement and be posted on the Company’s website: www.comforce.com.   In addition, the Company will provide to stockholders upon request, without charge, copies of the exhibits to the annual report.  Requests should be submitted to Linda Annicelli, Vice President, Administration, at COMFORCE Corporation, 415 Crossways Park Drive, P.O. Box 9006, Woodbury, New York 11797.
 


 
34

 


SIGNATURES
 

 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
COMFORCE Corporation

 
By:
/s/ John C. Fanning
 
 
John C. Fanning
 
 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 

Date:  March 24, 2009

 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
 
SIGNATURE
 
TITLE
 
DATE
 
/s/ John C. Fanning
       
John C. Fanning
 
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
March 24, 2009
         
/s/ Harry V. Maccarrone
       
Harry V. Maccarrone
 
Executive Vice President and Director (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 
 
March 24, 2009
         
/s/ Rosemary Maniscalco
       
Rosemary Maniscalco
 
Vice Chairman and Director
 
March 24, 2009
         
/s/ Daniel Raynor
       
Daniel Raynor
 
Director
 
March 24, 2009
         
/s/ Gordon Robinett
       
Gordon Robinett
 
Director
 
March 24, 2009
         
/s/ Kenneth J. Daley
       
Kenneth J. Daley
 
Director
 
March 24, 2009
         
/s/ Pierce J. Flynn
       
Pierce J. Flynn
 
Director
 
March 24, 2009

 
35

 

COMFORCE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Table of Contents
 

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
F-2
     
Consolidated Financial Statements:
   
     
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007
 
F-3
Consolidated Statements of Income for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
 
F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit and Comprehensive Income for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
 
F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
 
F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-7
     
Schedule:
   
     
Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
 
F-27

 

 
 
F-1

 


 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
COMFORCE Corporation:
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of COMFORCE Corporation and subsidiaries, as of December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ deficit and comprehensive income, and cash flows for each of the fiscal years in the three-year period ended December 28, 2008, and the related financial statement schedule listed in Item 15 (a)(2).  These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and the financial statement schedule based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of COMFORCE Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the fiscal years in the three-year period ended December 28, 2008 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  Also, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule referred to above, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
 
As discussed in Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company adopted FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes,” effective January 1, 2007.

 

 
/s/ KPMG LLP
Melville, New York
March 24, 2009
 

 

 

 
 
F-2

 

COMFORCE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 
Assets
 
December 28, 2008
   
December 30, 2007
 
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 6,137       6,654  
Accounts receivable, less allowance of
$92 in 2008 and $129 in 2007
    140,763       118,163  
Funding and service fees receivable, less allowance of
$20 in 2008 and $44 in 2007
    8,941       13,101  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    3,014       4,408  
Deferred income taxes, net
    353       388  
Total current assets
    159,208       142,714  
                 
Deferred income taxes, net
    -       164  
Property and equipment, net
    10,057       7,723  
Deferred financing costs, net
    213       480  
Goodwill
    32,073       32,073  
Other assets, net
    185       230  
                 
Total assets
  $ 201,736       183,384  
                 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Deficit
               
                 
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 2,675       2,376  
Short-term debt (related party)
    1,778        
Accrued expenses
    131,441       105,825  
Total current liabilities
    135,894       108,201  
                 
Long-term debt (including related party debt of $1,644 in 2007)
    68,200       83,858  
Deferred taxes, net
    1,074       -  
Other liabilities
    401       828  
                 
Total liabilities
    205,569       192,887  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (note 12)
               
                 
Stockholders’ deficit:
               
Common stock, $.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized,
17,387,560 and 17,387,553 shares issued and
outstanding in 2008 and 2007, respectively
    174       174  
 
Convertible preferred stock, $.01 par value:
               
 
    4,304       4,304  
Series 2003A, 6,500 shares authorized, 6,148 shares issued and
outstanding at December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007,
with an aggregate liquidation preference of $8,850 at
December 28, 2008 and $8,389 at December 30, 2007
Series 2003B, 3,500 shares authorized, 513 shares issued and
outstanding at December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007,
with an aggregate liquidation preference of $714 at
December 28, 2008 and $676 at December 30, 2007
    513       513  
Series 2004A, 15,000 shares authorized, 6,737 shares issued and
outstanding at December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, with
an aggregate liquidation preference of $8,790 at December 28, 2008
and $8,284 at December 30, 2007
    10,264       10,264  
Additional paid-in capital
    48,406       48,356  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (522 )     (256 )
Accumulated deficit
    (66,972 )     (72,858 )
                 
Total stockholders’ deficit
    (3,833 )     (9,503 )
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit
  $ 201,736       183,384  
                 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 

 
 
F-3

 

COMFORCE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income
For the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
   
December 28, 2008
   
December 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
                         
Net sales of services
  $ 606,636       586,685       567,821  
                         
Costs and expenses:
                       
Cost of services
    510,188       494,104       478,927  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    77,129       74,012       68,821  
Depreciation and amortization
    3,156       2,803       3,095  
                         
Total costs and expenses
    590,473       570,919       550,843  
                         
Operating income
    16,163       15,766       16,978  
                         
Other (expense) income:
                       
Interest expense
    (4,400 )     (7,669 )     (9,369 )
Loss on debt extinguishment
    (278 )     (443 )     (169 )
Other (expense) income, net
    (1,064 )     644       11  
      (5,742 )     (7,468 )     (9,527 )
                         
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
    10,421       8,298       7,451  
Provision for income taxes
    4,535       3,309       3,373  
                         
Income from continuing operations
    5,886       4,989       4,078  
                         
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax benefits of $0 in 2007
    -       1,000       -  
                         
Net income
  $ 5,886       5,989       4,078  
                         
Dividends on preferred stock
    1,005       1,005       1,005  
                         
Net income available to common stockholders
  $ 4,881       4,984       3,073  
                         
Basic income per common share:
                       
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.28       0.23       0.18  
Income from discontinued operations
    -       0.06       -  
                         
Net income
  $ 0.28       0.29       0.18  
                         
Diluted income per common share:
                       
Income from continuing operations
  $ 0.18       0.16       0.13  
Income from discontinued operations
    -       0.03       -  
                         
Net income
  $ 0.18       0.19       0.13  
                         
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic
    17,388       17,385       17,317  
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted
    32,580       31,870       31,012  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
 
F-4

 

COMFORCE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Deficit and Comprehensive Income
Fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
(in thousands, except share amounts)

   
Common stock
   
Preferred stock
   
Additional
paid-in
   
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive
   
Accumulated
   
Total
stock-holders’
 
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Shares
   
Amount
   
Capital
   
Income (Loss)
   
Deficit
   
deficit
 
Adjusted balance at December 26, 2005
    17,079,532     $ 171       13,398     $ 15,081     $ 47,727     $ 147     $ (86,293 )   $ (23,167 )
                                                                 
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       4,078       4,078  
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $35
    -       -       -       -       -       (92 )     -       (92 )
Total comprehensive income
                                                            3,986  
Exercise of stock options
    290,628       3       -       -       341       -       -       344  
Issuance of common stock
    391       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Share-based payment compensation expense
    -       -       -       -       98       -       -       98  
Beneficial conversion feature attributable to 8% Notes, net of tax of $36
    -       -       -       -       24       -       -       24  
                                                                 
Balance at December 31, 2006
    17,370,551       174       13,398       15,081       48,190       55       (82,215 )     (18,715 )
                                                                 
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       5,989       5,989  
Adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 48
    -       -       -       -       -       -       3,368       3,368  
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $199
    -       -       -       -       -       (311 )             (311 )
Total comprehensive income
                                                            9,046  
Exercise of stock options, including excess tax benefit of $5
    17,000       -       -       -       30       -       -       30  
Issuance of common stock
    2       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Share-based payment compensation expense
    -       -       -       -       90       -       -       90  
Beneficial conversion feature attributable to 8% Notes, net of tax of $3
    -       -       -       -       46       -       -       46  
                                                                 
Balance at December 30, 2007
    17,387,553       174       13,398       15,081       48,356       (256 )     (72,858 )     (9,503 )
                                                                 
Comprehensive income:
                                                               
Net income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       5,886       5,886  
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax of $181
    -       -       -       -       -       (266 )             (266 )
Total comprehensive income
                                                            5,620  
Issuance of common stock
    7       -       -       -       -       -       -       -  
Share-based payment compensation expense
    -       -       -       -       65       -       -       65  
Beneficial conversion feature attributable to 8% Notes, net of tax of $26
    -       -       -       -       (15 )     -       -       (15 )
                                                                 
Balance at December 28, 2008
    17,387,560       174       13,398     $ 15,081     $ 48,406     $ (522 )   $ (66,972 )   $ (3,833 )
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


 
 
F-5

 

COMFORCE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
(in thousands)
 
   
December 28, 2008
   
December 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                 
Net income
  $ 5,886       5,989       4,078  
                         
Adjustments to reconcile net income to
net cash provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
    3,156       2,803       3,055  
Amortization of intangible assets
    -       -       40  
Amortization of deferred financing costs
    173       204       386  
Net recoveries of bad debts
    (60 )     (103 )     (8 )
Deferred income taxes
    1,428       1,413       1,357  
Interest expense paid by the issuance of convertible notes
    134       124       115  
Gain from sale of discontinued niche telecom operations
    -       (1,000 )     -  
Loss on repurchase of Senior Notes
    278       443       169  
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
    -       -       48  
Share-based payment compensation expense
    65       90       98  
Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises
    -       (5 )     (135 )
Changes in assets and liabilities:
                       
Accounts, funding and service fees receivable
    (19,938 )     (3,606 )     (7,874 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    1,463       466       1,016  
Income taxes receivable
    (19 )     (121 )     37  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    27,156       6,124       12,343  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    19,722       12,821       14,725  
                         
Cash flows from investing activities:
                       
Purchases of property and equipment
    (5,490 )     (4,427 )     (3,219 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (5,490 )     (4,427 )     (3,219 )
Net cash provided by discontinued investing activities
    -       1,000       -  
                         
Cash flows from financing activities:
                       
Net (repayments) borrowings under line of credit agreements
    (2,300 )     5,140       7,283  
Repurchases of Senior Notes
    (11,884 )     (11,482 )     (23,461 )
Debt financing costs
    -       (13 )     (368 )
Excess tax benefit from stock option exercises
    -       5       135  
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
    -       25       209  
Repayments under capital lease obligations
    (236 )     (152 )     (6 )
Net cash used in financing activities
    (14,420 )     (6,477 )     (16,208 )
                         
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (188 )     2,917       (4,702 )
Effect of exchange rates on cash
    (329 )     (45 )     67  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of fiscal year
    6,654       3,782       8,417  
                         
Cash and cash equivalents, end of fiscal year
  $ 6,137       6,654       3,782  
                         
Supplemental cash flow information:
                       
Cash paid during the fiscal year for:
                       
Interest
  $ 4,429       7,651       9,333  
Income taxes
    1,009       2,317       3,650  
                         
Supplemental schedule of significant non-cash
investing and financing activities:
                       
Capital lease obligations incurred for the
purchase of new equipment
    -       723       -  
                         
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


 
 
F-6

 

(1)  
Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation
 
COMFORCE Corporation (“COMFORCE”) is a provider of outsourced staffing management services that enable Fortune 1000 companies and other large employers to consolidate, automate and manage staffing, compliance and oversight processes for their contingent workforces.  The Company also provides specialty staffing, consulting and other outsourcing services to Fortune 1000 companies and other large employers for their healthcare support services, technical and engineering, information technology, telecommunications and other staffing needs.  In addition, the Company provides funding and back office support services to independent consulting and staffing companies.
 
COMFORCE Operating, Inc. (“COI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of COMFORCE, was formed for the purpose of facilitating certain of the Company’s financing transactions in November 1997.  Unless the context otherwise requires, the term the “Company” refers to COMFORCE, COI and all of their direct and indirect subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned.
 
(2)  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Fiscal Year
 
The Company’s fiscal year consists of the 52 or 53 weeks ending on the last Sunday in December.  The Company’s most recently completed fiscal year ended on December 28, 2008.  Fiscal years 2008 and 2007 each contained 52 weeks and fiscal year 2006 contained 53 weeks.
 
Principles of Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of COMFORCE, COI and their subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
Revenue Recognition
 
Staff Augmentation and Human Capital Management Services:  The Company provides supplemental staff to its customers under arrangements that typically require supervision by the customers’ management for a period of time.  In these arrangements, the Company is solely responsible for employees engaged to provide services to a customer.  The Company is the sole employer of record, pays the employees’ wages, pays unemployment taxes and workers compensation insurance premiums, provides health insurance and other benefits to eligible employees, and is responsible for paying all related taxes.  The Company enters into service agreements with its customers, negotiates the terms of the services, including pricing, and bears the credit risk relative to customer payments.  The Company bills its customers for these services with payment generally due upon receipt of the invoice.  Revenue under these arrangements is recognized upon the performance of the service by the Company’s employees.  The associated payroll costs are recorded as cost of sales.  There is no right of cancellation or refund provisions in these arrangements and the Company has no further obligations once the services are rendered by the employee.
 
The Company’s contingent staffing management services enable customers to manage the selection, procurement and supervision of contingent staffing suppliers through its web-enabled proprietary and third party software, and include providing Company operating and support personnel to assist customers.  The Company does not sell its software to customers, but rather utilizes it in connection with providing services.  Consultant consolidation services, provided as a component of contingent staffing management services, comprise the management of invoicing for a customer’s multiple services providers that results in the consolidation of invoices for all of a customer’s individual staffing vendors.  The Company recognizes revenue for the amount of its fees for these services, which are determined as a percentage of the gross billings to customers from the contingent staffing suppliers, as the services are performed.  The Company invoices its customers for its fees together with the billings from the contingent staffing suppliers, which are reflected in accounts receivable as there is no right of offset with the liabilities for amounts due the
 
F-7

 
contingent staffing suppliers.  Amounts invoiced related to contingent staffing supplier billings are included in accrued expenses and are settled after our collection of the related receivables.

We rely on our billable employees, staffing suppliers and clients to timely submit their work and expense reports.  It is our policy to record all activity (net sales of services and cost of services) performed during each reporting period for which we receive and process the submissions of our billable employees, staffing suppliers and clients within two weeks after the end of each of our first three quarters and within five weeks after the end of our fiscal year.
 
In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 01-14, Income Statement Characterization of Reimbursements Received for ‘Out-of-Pocket’ Expenses Incurred, reimbursements received by the Company for out-of-pocket expenses are characterized as revenue.

The Company follows Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) 99-19, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent, in the presentation of revenues and expenses.  This guidance requires that the Company assess whether it acts as a principal in the transaction or as an agent acting on behalf of others.  In situations where the Company is the principal in the transaction and has the risks and rewards of ownership, the transactions are recorded gross in our consolidated statements of income.

Staff Augmentation:  A portion of the Company’s revenue is attributable to license agreements.  Under the terms of such license agreements, the Company is fully responsible for the payment of the employees.  The Company submits all invoices for services performed to the customers and they are required to remit their payments for services performed directly to the Company.  The Company includes these revenues and related direct costs in its net sales of services and cost of services on a gross basis.  The net distribution to the licensee is based on a percentage of gross profit generated.  The net distributions to licensees included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were approximately $1,852,000, $2,147,000 and $2,519,000, respectively.

Financial Outsourcing Services: The Company provides back office support to unaffiliated independently owned staffing companies.  These arrangements typically require the Company to process the payrolls and invoicing for these unaffiliated staffing companies through the use of the Company’s information technology system.  In return, these unaffiliated staffing companies (the Company’s customers) pay the Company a fixed percentage of the weekly billings it processed for them.  Payment of the Company’s fees is due upon the completion of the processing of weekly payrolls and invoicing.  Revenue is recognized over the period as the Company performs these services for the amount of the fixed fee the Company receives as stipulated in the applicable contract.  There is no right of cancellation or refund provisions in these arrangements and the Company has no further obligations once the services are rendered.
 
The Company also provides funding services to unaffiliated independently owned staffing companies.   These arrangements typically require the Company to advance funds to these unaffiliated staffing companies (the Company’s customers) in exchange for the receivables related to invoices remitted to their clients for services performed during the prior week.  The advances are repaid through the remittance of payments of receivables by their clients directly to the Company.  The Company withholds from these advances an administrative fee and other charges as well as the amount of receivables relating to prior advances that remain unpaid after a specified number of days.  These administrative fees and other charges are recognized as revenue when earned.  There is no right of cancellation or refund provisions in these arrangements and the Company has no further obligations once the services are rendered.

Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid short-term investments with an original maturity at the time of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  Cash equivalents consist of overnight deposits and certificates of deposit.  The Company reflects book overdraft positions within operating cash flows, when the bank has not advanced cash to the Company.
 
F-8

 
Accounts Receivable
 
The Company’s accounts receivable balances are comprised of trade and unbilled receivables.  The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts recorded as an estimate of the accounts receivable balance that may not be collected.  This allowance is calculated on the trade receivables with consideration for the Company’s historical write-off experience, the current aging of receivables, general economic climate and the financial condition of customers.  After giving due consideration to these factors, the Company establishes specific allowances for uncollectible accounts.  The allowance for the funding and service fee receivables is calculated with consideration for the ability of the Company’s clients to absorb chargebacks due to the uncollectibility of the funded receivables. Bad debt expense, which increases the allowance for doubtful accounts, is recorded as an operating expense in our consolidated statements of income.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment are carried at cost.  Depreciation is provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets.  Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the lease or of the improvement.  Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred and improvements that extend the useful life of the related asset are capitalized.  The Company capitalizes its internal costs related to the development of software for internal use under the provisions of SOP 98-1, which are amortized over the estimated life of the software of approximately three to five years.
 
If events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of a long-lived asset may not be recoverable, the Company estimates the future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS 144”).  If the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the long-lived asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between the fair value and carrying amount of the asset.
 
Goodwill
 
The Company applies FASB No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”), to evaluate goodwill impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that an impairment may have occurred.  SFAS No. 142 requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level.  The Company’s reporting units are represented by the reportable segments (see note 16).  Goodwill is tested for impairment using a two-step process.  In the first step, the fair market value of a reporting unit is compared to its carrying value.  If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying value of the net assets assigned to a reporting unit, goodwill is not considered impaired and no further testing is required.  The Company engages an independent valuation specialist to assist with the determination of the fair value of reporting units which is based on a combination of both the income approach and the market approach of the valuation analysis.  Under the income approach, fair value is determined based on estimated future cash flows discounted by an estimated weighted-average cost of capital, which reflects the overall level of inherent risk of the Company.  Estimated future cash flows are based on the Company’s internal projection model and include significant judgment relating to growth rates, discount factors, tax rates and other considerations.  Under the market approach, comparable companies based on valuation multiples are used to arrive at a fair value.  For reasonableness, the summation of reporting units’ fair values is compared to the Company’s market capitalization.
 
If the carrying value of the net assets assigned to a reporting unit exceeds the fair value of a reporting unit, a second step of the impairment test is performed in order to determine the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill.  Determining the implied fair value of goodwill requires valuation of a reporting unit’s tangible and intangible assets and liabilities in a manner similar to the allocation of purchase price in a
 
F-9

 
business combination.  If the carrying value of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds it implied fair value, goodwill is deemed impaired and is written down to the extent of the difference.
 
There was no indication of goodwill impairment for the years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006.
 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the fiscal years in which those differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The Company records a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets for which realization of the asset is not considered more-likely-than-not.
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 “Accounting for Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”).  Under FIN 48, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more-likely-than-not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the tax position.  The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such tax position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.  The Company adopted the provisions of FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007.  The impact upon adoption was to decrease accumulated deficit in 2007 by approximately $3.4 million and to decrease accruals for uncertain tax positions and related penalties and interest by a corresponding amount.
 
The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to income tax matters within provision for income tax expense.
 
Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Some of the significant estimates involved are the collectibility of receivables, the recoverability of long-lived assets, deferred tax assets, goodwill, accrued workers compensation liabilities, reserves for litigation and contingencies and the fair value of share-based payment compensation.  Given that global economies are undergoing a period of substantial uncertainty, estimates are subject to a greater degree of uncertainty and actual results could differ from those estimates.
 
Fair Values of Financial Instruments
 
The carrying amounts of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, funding and service fees receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses are believed to approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these financial instruments.  The carrying amounts of the Company’s revolving line of credit obligations is believed to approximate its fair value since the interest rate fluctuates with market changes in interest rates.
 
The Company’s remaining fixed rate debt obligations are not traded, and their fair value may fluctuate significantly due to changes in the demand for securities of their type, the overall level of interest rates, conditions in the high yield capital markets, and perceptions as to the Company’s condition and prospects.  After giving consideration to similar debt issues, and other market information, the Company believes that its remaining outstanding fixed rate debt instruments, being $1.8 million outstanding principal amount of
 
F-10

 
its 8% Convertible Subordinated Notes, had an approximate fair value of $1.7 million at December 28, 2008.
 
Deferred Financing Costs
 
Deferred financing costs consist of costs associated with the issuance of the Company’s debt.  Such costs are amortized over the life of the related debt, which ranges from 3 to 13 years, and unamortized costs are fully expensed upon discharge of indebtedness.  The Company wrote-off deferred financing costs of $108,000 in fiscal 2008, $137,000 in fiscal 2007 and $128,000 in fiscal 2006 due to the early extinguishment of debt (see note 8) which costs are included in loss on debt extinguishment in the consolidated statements of income.
 
Income Per Share
 
Basic income per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period.  Diluted income per share is computed assuming the exercise of stock options and warrants with exercise prices less than the average market value of the common stock during the period, and the conversion of convertible debt and preferred stock into common stock, if dilutive.
 
Foreign Currency
 
Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date.  Results of operations are translated using the average exchange rates during the fiscal year.  Related translation adjustments are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders’ deficit and transaction gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statement of income when realized.
 
Accrued Workers Compensation Liability
 
The Company is generally self-insured with respect to workers compensation claims, but maintains excess workers compensation coverage to limit exposure for amounts over $4.5 million.  The Company records its estimate of the ultimate cost of, and liabilities for, workers compensation obligations based on actuarial computations using the Company's loss history as well as industry statistics.  In determining its liabilities, the Company includes amounts for estimated claims incurred but not reported.
 
The ultimate cost of workers compensation will depend on actual costs incurred to settle the claims and may differ from the liabilities established by the Company for those claims.  Accruals for workers compensation claims are included in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets.
 
Stock Compensation Plans
 
Effective December 26, 2005, the Company adopted the provisions of the FASB Statement 123(R), Share-Based Payments (“SFAS No. 123(R)”).  Under the provisions of SFAS 123(R), share-based payments are measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and are expensed over the requisite service period.  The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified-prospective method and, accordingly, prior period results have not been restated to reflect the fair value method of recognizing compensation expense relating to stock options.  All new awards are subject to the provisions of SFAS 123(R).  Since all outstanding option awards were fully vested on the date of adoption, no compensation expense was recorded for outstanding awards.  For the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008, $65,000 of compensation expense was recorded within selling, general and administrative expense and the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $28,000 related to such expense.  For the fiscal year ended December 30, 2007, $90,000 of compensation expense was recorded within selling, general and
 
F-11

 
administrative expense and the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $35,000 related to such expense.  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, $98,000 of compensation expense was recorded within selling, general and administrative expense and the Company recognized an income tax benefit of $38,000 related to such expense.
 
Under the modified-prospective method, SFAS 123(R) applies to all new awards and to awards outstanding on the effective date that are subsequently modified or cancelled since all outstanding awards on the date of adoption were fully vested.  The Company recognizes compensation expense for the fair value of all awards on a straight-line basis over the total requisite service period.  Cumulative compensation expense recognized at any date will at least equal the grant date fair value of the vested portion of the award at that time.
 
The Company estimates the fair value of share-based payments using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by the employees who receive equity awards.
 
The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted was $0.93 during the year ended December 28, 2008, $1.28 during the year ended December 30, 2007, and $1.40 during the year ended December 31, 2006.  In addition to the exercise and grant date prices of the awards, certain weighted average assumptions that were used to estimate the fair value of stock option grants during the past three fiscal years are listed in the table below:
 
     
Fiscal Year
 
     
December 28, 2008
   
December 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
                     
 
Expected dividend yield
    0.0 %     0.0 %     0.0 %
 
Expected volatility
    47.2 %     49.0 %     55.0 %
 
Risk-free interest rate
    3.5 %     5.2 %     5.0 %
 
Expected term (years)
    5       5       5  

The Company estimates expected volatility based primarily on historical daily price changes of the Company’s stock and other known or expected trends.  The risk-free interest rate is based on the United States (“U.S.”) treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.  The expected option term is the number of years that the Company estimates that options will be outstanding prior to exercise.  The expected term of these awards was determined using the “simplified method” prescribed in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 107.

No stock options were exercised in fiscal 2008 and, consequently, no income tax benefits were realized by the Company.  The income tax benefit realized relating to the exercise of stock option awards was $5,000 for the year ended December 30, 2007, all of which is classified as a financing cash inflow in the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows.   The income tax benefit realized relating to the exercise of stock option awards was $212,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006, of which $135,000 is classified as a financing cash inflow in the Company’s  consolidated statement of cash flows.
 
Out- of-Period Adjustments
 
In the fourth quarter of 2008, the Company recorded an adjustment to decrease accumulated other comprehensive income and increase other income for approximately $223,000, net of tax, relating to immaterial errors that originated in each of the prior quarters of 2008.  Since these errors, either individually or in the aggregate, were not material to any of the prior 2008 quarterly periods, and the error had no impact on the full year 2008 financial statements, the Company recorded the out-of-period correction of these errors in the fourth quarter results.  The out-of-period correction had no impact on the financial position of the Company since the activity was contained within stockholders’ deficit.
 
New Accounting Pronouncements
 
F-12

 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS 141-R, Business Combinations (“SFAS 141-R”).  This statement is effective for us on January 1, 2009, and applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after January 1, 2009. SFAS 141-R significantly changes the accounting for acquisitions. Some of the major provisions are that acquisition related costs will generally be expensed as incurred, contingent consideration will be recorded at fair value on the acquisition date, with adjustments to certain forms of contingent liabilities impacting the results of operations. The impact that SFAS 141-R will have on our consolidated financial statements after adoption will depend on the nature, terms, and size of the acquisitions, if any, we consummate after adoption.
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued FAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements (“FAS 160”). FAS 160 re-characterizes minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries as non-controlling interests and requires the classification of minority interests as a component of equity. Under FAS 160, a change in control will be measured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. The effective date for FAS 160 is for annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption and retroactive application of FAS 160 to fiscal years preceding the effective date are not permitted. We currently do not have minority interests in our consolidated subsidiaries.

 
(3)           Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment as of December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, consisted of (in thousands):
 
     
Estimated useful lives in years
   
2008
   
2007
 
 
Computer equipment and related software
   
3-7
    $ 32,208       26,948  
 
Furniture and fixtures
   
3-10
      2,426       2,431  
 
Leasehold improvements
   
3-7
      676       657  
                35,310       30,036  
 
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization
            (25,253 )     (22,313 )
              $ 10,057       7,723  

Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was $3,156,000, $2,803,000 and $3,055,000 for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively.

(4)           Goodwill
 
As of December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill was attributable to its Staff Augmentation segment ($22.9 million) and its Human Capital Management segment ($9.2 million).

There have been no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the past three fiscal years.

(5)           Accrued Expenses
 
Accrued expenses as of December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, consisted of (in thousands):
 
     
2008
   
2007
 
 
Payroll, payroll taxes and sub-vendor payables
  $ 106,310        85,043  
 
Book overdrafts
    13,497       11,322  
 
Other
    11,634       9,460  
      $ 131,441       105,825  
 
F-13


 
(6)           Foreign Currency
 
We conduct our operations in a number of foreign countries and the results of our local operations are reported in the applicable foreign currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the applicable foreign currency exchange rates for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements.  We are subject to exposure for devaluations and fluctuations in currency exchange rates.  These risks are heightened in the current volatile economic environment, including the recent volatility in the value of the U.S. dollar and other currencies worldwide and instability in the credit markets.
 
In 2008, we experienced $1.0 million in losses on foreign currency transactions as compared to gains on foreign currency transactions in 2007 of $723,000.  We have not entered into any swap agreements or other hedging transactions as a means of limiting exposure to interest rate or foreign currency fluctuations.
 
 (7)           Income Taxes
 
The Company’s income tax provision for the years ended as of December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007, and December 31, 2006, was as follows (in thousands):

     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
                     
 
Income from continuing operations
  $ 4,535       3,309       3,373  

The income tax provision for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007, and December 31, 2006, consisted of (in thousands):

     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
 
Current:
                 
 
Federal
  $ 2,538       1,318       1,734  
 
State
    429       315       165  
 
Foreign
    120       263       117  
 
Total current
    3,087       1,896       2,016  
                           
 
Deferred:
                       
 
Federal
    1,125       1,237       1,059  
 
State
    307       176       298  
 
Foreign
    16       -       -  
 
Total deferred
    1,448       1,413       1,357  
 
Total income tax provision (benefit)
  $ 4,535       3,309       3,373  

Total income tax provision relating to continuing operations differed from income taxes at the statutory federal income tax rate of 34% as a result of the following items (in thousands):

     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
 
Income taxes at statutory federal   tax rate of 34.0%
  $ 3,543       2,821       2,533  
 
State and local taxes, net of federal tax
    576       384       221  
 
Change in tax rates
    -       20       54  
 
Foreign taxes
    80       263       6  
 
Tax contingency matters
    -       -       247  
 
Loss on subsidiary stock
    -       (476 )     -  
 
Non-deductible meals
    399       245       354  
 
Other non-deductible expenses
    (63 )     52       (42 )
 
Income tax provision
  $ 4,535       3,309       3,373  
 
F-14


 
The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007 (in thousands) are as follows:

     
2008
   
2007
 
 
Deferred tax assets:
           
 
Receivable allowances
  $ 44       68  
 
Tax benefit of foreign NOL carry forwards
    213       -  
 
Unrealized gains and losses
    568       -  
 
Excess book amortization expense
    -       339  
 
Accrued liabilities and other
    2,134       2,399  
 
Foreign tax credits
    -       263  
 
Share-based payment compensation
    112       86  
 
Tax benefit of capital loss carryforward
    2,165       2,165  
 
Tax benefit of state NOL carryforwards,
net of federal effect
    716       734  
        5,952       6,054  
 
Less valuation allowance
    (2,855 )     (2,803 )
 
Total deferred tax assets
    3,097       3,251  
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
               
 
Prepaids
    504       722  
 
Excess tax depreciation
    3,065       1,797  
 
Excess tax amortization
    249       -  
 
Other
    -       180  
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
    3,818       2,699  
 
Net deferred tax asset
  $ (721 )     552  

At December 28, 2008, the Company had approximately $13.0 million of state net operating losses which expire in the tax years 2009 through 2028, if unused.  In addition, the Company had approximately $736,000 of foreign net operating losses which expire 2012 through 2016 except for the United Kingdom and Namibia which have indefinite carry forward periods.  At December 28, 2008, the Company had approximately $5.5 million of capital loss carry forwards which expire in the tax years 2009 through 2012, if unused.
 
The increase in the Company’s valuation allowance was primarily related to additional state net operating losses of $101,000, and foreign net operating losses of $214,000 for which management has determined that it may not realize the future tax benefits on a more likely-than-not basis, net of write-offs of previously deferred tax assets and a related valuation allowance of $263,000.
 
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  A valuation allowance is provided when it is more-likely-than-not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income, the ability to carryback future losses to recover income taxes paid and tax planning strategies that could be implemented.  As of December 28, 2008, the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance related to: capital loss carry forwards ($2.2 million), net operating loss carry forwards ($476,000), and foreign net operating loss carry forwards of ($214,000).
 
A reconciliation of the total amounts of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008 is as follows (in thousands):

 
Unrecognized tax benefits at 12/30/2007
  $ 83  
 
Increases (decreases) in unrecognized tax benefits – tax positions taken during a prior period
    437  
 
Increases (decreases) in unrecognized tax benefits – tax positions taken during the current period
    358  
 
 
 
 
F-15

 
 
Increases (decreases) in unrecognized tax benefits – settlements with taxing authorities
    -  
 
Reductions in unrecognized tax benefits – lapses of the statutes of limitations
    -  
 
Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 28, 2008
  $ 878  

 
As of and for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008, interest and penalties recognized in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets or statements of income were immaterial.  If recognized, the total amount of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits as of December 28, 2008 would affect the Company’s effective tax rate.

The Company files U.S., state and foreign income tax returns in jurisdictions with varying statutes of limitations.  The 2005 through 2008 tax years generally remain subject to examination by federal, most state tax, and foreign authorities.  In addition to the U.S., the Company’s major taxing jurisdictions include Hong Kong and Japan.  The Company has not been nor is it currently under examination for any of the tax years within the statute of limitations.
 
 (8)           Debt
 
Long-term and short-term debt at December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, consisted of (in thousands):
 
     
2008
   
2007
 
 
12% Senior Notes, due December 1, 2010
  $ -       11,714  
 
8% Subordinated Convertible Note, due December 2, 2009
    1,778       1,644  
 
Revolving line of credit, due July 24, 2010, with interest payable at prime and/or LIBOR plus a stated percentage with a weighted average rates of 3.4% (LIBOR plus 1.50%) at December 28, 2008 and 6.9% (LIBOR plus 1.75%) at December 30, 2007
    68,200       70,500  
 
Total long-term and short-term debt
  $ 69,978       83,858  

 
Contractual maturities of long-term debt are as follows (in thousands):
 
         
 
2010
  $ 68,200  
 
Total
  $ 68,200  

Senior Notes:  In November 1997, COI issued $110 million of 12% Senior Notes due December 1, 2007, subsequently extended until December 1, 2010 (the “Senior Notes”), principally to fund its acquisition of Uniforce Services, Inc.  The Senior Notes provided for semi-annual payments of interest at the rate of 12% per annum.  On August 25, 2008, the Company redeemed all of the remaining Senior Notes then outstanding at a redemption price equal to 102% of their outstanding principal amount ($5.2 million), plus accrued interest from June 1, 2008 to the redemption date.  The total redemption price, including accrued interest and the 2% premium, was $5.5 million.
 
The Senior Notes were governed by an indenture (the “Indenture”) under which Wilmington Trust Company served as the trustee.  The Indenture included various covenants and restrictions on COI and its operating subsidiaries, including limitations on COI’s ability to upstream funds to its parent, COMFORCE.  Although the Company’s revolving line of credit agreement includes significant restrictions and covenants that continue to be binding on the Company, including many that are comparable to or more restrictive than those that were applicable under the Indenture, the restrictions and covenants under the Indenture are no longer binding on the Company.
 
As a result of the Company’s redemption of the remaining Senior Notes in August 2008 and its earlier repurchase of $6.5 million principal amount of Senior Notes in April 2008 from an unrelated party (at a
 
F-16

 
price equal to 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued interest), the Company recognized a loss on debt extinguishment of $278,000 in the year ended December 28, 2008, including the write-off of $108,000 of deferred financing costs.    The Company effected the redemption and repurchase of the Senior Notes in 2008 utilizing available funds under the Company’s revolving line of credit agreement to pay the redemption price (see “Revolving Line of Credit,” below, in this note 8).
 
Convertible Note:  The Company’s 8.0% Subordinated Convertible Note due December 2, 2009 (the “Convertible Note”) is convertible into common stock at $1.70 per share (or, in certain circumstances, into a participating preferred stock which in turn would be convertible into common stock at the same effective rate).

Under the terms of the Convertible Note, interest is payable either in cash or in-kind at the Company’s election.  Debt service costs associated with the Convertible Note have been satisfied through additions to principal through December 1, 2008 (the most recent semi-annual interest payment date).  Additional principal is convertible into common stock on the same basis as other amounts outstanding under the Convertible Note, which provides for conversion into common stock at the rate of $1.70 per share.  As a result of its election to pay interest in-kind under the Convertible Note, the Company recognized beneficial conversion features of $14,000 during fiscal 2008 and $43,000 during fiscal 2007, which resulted in an increase in deferred financing costs and paid-in capital.  The Convertible Note may be prepaid in whole or in part, provided that the market value of the Company’s common stock exceeds $2.13 per share for a specified period of time.  The holder has 10 days to convert the Convertible Note following notice of prepayment.  The holder of the Convertible Note is a related party (see note 17 to our consolidated financial statements).  The Company is currently in discussions with the holder of the Convertible Note to potentially extend this obligation beyond its current maturity date of December 2, 2009.  No assurance can be given that the Company will resolve such discussions on a satisfactory basis.  As of the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the Company had sufficient excess availability under its bank credit facility, based upon the borrowing base as defined in the loan agreement, to fully repay the Convertible Note (see “--Revolving Line of Credit,” below.
 
Revolving Line of Credit:  At December 28, 2008, COMFORCE, COI and various of their operating subsidiaries, as co-borrowers and guarantors, were parties to a $110.0 million Revolving Credit and Security Agreement (the “PNC Credit Facility”) with PNC Bank, National Association, as a lender and administrative agent (“PNC”), and other financial institutions participating as lenders to provide for a revolving line of credit with available borrowings based, generally, on 87.0% of the Company’s accounts receivable aged 90 days or less, subject to specified limitations and exceptions.
 
Borrowings under the PNC Credit Facility bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a per annum rate equal to either (i) the greater of the federal funds rate plus 0.5% or the base commercial lending rate of PNC as announced from time to time, or (ii) LIBOR plus a specified margin, determined as follows:
 
 
Fixed charge coverage ratio*
 
Margin (%)
 
         
 
greater than 1.75:1.00
    1.50  
 
greater than 1.50:1.00 to 1.75:1.00
    1.75  
 
greater than 1.30:1.00 to 1.50:1.00
    2.00  
 
greater than 1.05:1.00 to 1.30:1.00
    2.25  
 
equal to or less than 1.05:1.00
    2.50  
           
 
*as defined in the PNC Credit Facility loan documents
       
 
The PNC Credit Facility also provides for a commitment fee of 0.25% of the unused portion of the facility. The obligations under the PNC Credit Facility are collateralized by a pledge of the capital stock of certain operating subsidiaries of the Company and by security interests in substantially all of the assets of the Company.  The PNC Credit Facility contains various financial and other covenants and conditions, including, but not limited to, a prohibition on paying cash dividends and limitations on engaging in affiliate
 
F-17

 
transactions, making acquisitions and incurring additional indebtedness.  The PNC Credit Facility also  limits capital expenditures to $6.0 million annually.
 
The PNC Credit Facility was amended to provide for a temporary reduction in the required availability under the facility for the purpose of enabling the Company to redeem all of the Senior Notes that remained outstanding ($5.2 million principal amount), which were redeemed on August 25, 2008 (see “Senior Notes,” above, in this note 8).  The PNC Credit Facility permitted the Company to use loan proceeds to repurchase its Senior Notes subject to the Company’s obligation to restore excess availability under the facility to $5.0 million, which the Company has done.
 
Under the PNC Credit Facility, the Company had outstanding $4.2 million of standby letters of credit, principally as security for the Company’s obligations under its workers compensation insurance policies   and had remaining availability of $23.6 million as of December 28, 2008 based upon the borrowing base as defined in the loan agreement.  The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the PNC Credit Facility at December 28, 2008.  The Company has had preliminary discussions with PNC to extend the PNC Credit Facility beyond its current maturity date of July 24, 2010.  No assurance can be given that the Company will resolve such discussions on a satisfactory basis.  If we are unable to satisfactorily resolve such discussions with PNC or otherwise find a source of capital to repay or refinance this obligation, we will be unable to repay the PNC Credit Facility at maturity, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.  The credit markets have tightened significantly since the second quarter of 2008.  We cannot predict whether capital will be available to us with interest rates and on terms acceptable to us, if at all, when the PNC Credit Facility matures.
 
(9)
Income Per Share

Basic income per common share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period.  Diluted income per share is computed assuming the exercise of stock options and warrants with exercise prices less than the average market value of the common stock during the period and the conversion of convertible debt and preferred stock into common stock to the extent such conversion assumption is dilutive.  The following represents a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators for the basic and diluted income per share computations (in thousands, except per share amounts):

     
2008
   
2007
   
2006
 
 
Basic income per common share:
                 
 
Net income
  $ 5,886       4,989       4,078  
 
Dividends on preferred stock:
                       
 
Series 2003A
    461       461       461  
 
Series 2003B
    38       38       38  
 
Series 2004A
    506       506       506  
        1,005       1,005       1,005  
                           
 
Income available to common stockholders
  $ 4,881       3,984       3,073  
                           
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
    17,388       17,385       17,317  
                           
 
Basic income per common share
  $ 0.28       0.23       0.18  
 
F-18


 
 
Diluted income per common share:
                 
 
Income available to common stockholders
  $ 4,881       3,984       3,073  
 
Dividends on preferred stock:
                       
 
Series 2003A
    461       461       461  
 
Series 2003B
    38       38       38  
 
Series 2004A
    506       506       506  
        1,005       1,005       1,005  
 
After tax equivalent of interest expense on 8% Subordinated Convertible Note
    76       76       70  
 
Income for purposes of computing diluted income per common share
  $ 5,962       5,065       4,148  
                           
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
    17,388       17,385       17,317  
 
Dilutive stock options
    102       278       363  
 
Assumed conversion of 8% Subordinated Convertible Note
    974       900       832  
 
Assumed conversion of Preferred Stock:
                       
 
Series 2003A
    7,990       7,549       7,111  
 
Series 2003B
    1,253       1,182       1,111  
 
Series 2004A
    4,873       4,576       4,278  
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding for purposes of computing diluted income per share
    32,580       31,870       31,012  
 
Diluted income per common share from continuing operations
  $ 0.18       0.16       0.13  

In addition, options and warrants to purchase 1,939,000, 1,295,000 and 1,295,000 shares of common stock were outstanding as of the end of the fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because their effect would be anti-dilutive.
 
(10)
Preferred Stock
 
The Company’s certificate of incorporation authorizes the Company to issue up to 10,000,000 shares, par value $.01 per share, of preferred stock in such series and having such rights and preferences as determined by the Company’s board of directors.  The board has created three series of preferred stock, Series 2003A with 6,500 authorized shares, Series 2003B with 3,500 authorized shares and Series 2004A with 15,000 authorized shares.

The rights and preferences of the Company’s Series 2003A, 2003B and 2004A Convertible Preferred Stock  (collectively, the “Series Preferred Stock”) are substantially identical except that the conversion price is $1.05 per share for the Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $0.54 per share for the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $1.70 per share for the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.  The conversion price is the price at which a holder of shares of Series Preferred Stock may convert such instruments into common stock (or, in certain circumstances, into a participating preferred stock which in turn will be convertible into common stock at the same effective rate).  The Company is permitted to require conversion of the Series Preferred Stock if the average market price of its common stock for any six month period is at least $3.25 per share for the Series 2003A and 2003B Preferred Stock or $4.50 per share for the Series 2004A Preferred Stock, but only if the shares of Series Preferred Stock can be converted into freely tradable common stock.

Each share of Series Preferred Stock has a face amount of $1,000, has no voting rights and bears annual cumulative dividends of $75 per share (7.5% per annum).  Upon liquidation, the holders of the Series Preferred Stock will be entitled to a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share plus the amount of cumulated, unpaid dividends before any distributions shall be made to the holders of common stock or any other junior series or class of stock of the Company.  Unless the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Series Preferred Stock outstanding shall have otherwise consented, no series or class of preferred stock
 
F-19

 
having rights or preferences that are not junior to the Series Preferred Stock shall be issued by the Company.  The holders of the Series Preferred Stock have no redemption rights.

The Company can only pay dividends on the Series Preferred Stock if (i) dividends can legally be paid in accordance with Delaware law, (ii) the Company’s board of directors, in its discretion upon the exercise of its fiduciary duties, declares that a dividend be paid, and (iii) payment of the dividend is permitted under the terms of the PNC Credit Facility.  At December 28, 2008, there were cumulative, unpaid and undeclared dividends of $2.7 million on the Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $202,000 on the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $2.1 million on the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.

In the event that the conversion of Series Preferred Stock into common stock of COMFORCE would require stockholder approval in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or the NYSE Alternext U.S. (formerly, the American Stock Exchange), or any other exchange or quotation system on which the Company’s shares are then listed, the Series Preferred Stock held by such holder shall not be convertible into common stock, but rather is convertible into shares of non-voting participating preferred stock having a liquidation preference of $0.01 per share (but no other preferences) to be created by the Company.  The participating preferred stock will in turn be convertible into the Company’s common stock (on the same basis as if the conversion to common stock from Series Preferred Stock had occurred directly) if the conversion will not require stockholder approval in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission or NYSE Alternext U.S., or any other exchange or quotation system on which the Company’s shares are then listed.   The holder of the Series Preferred Stock is a related party (see note 17).

(11)         Stock Options and Warrants
 
In 1993, the Company adopted, with stockholder approval, a Long-Term Stock Investment Plan (the “1993 Plan”) which, as amended, authorized the grant of options to purchase up to 5,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to executives, key employees and agents of the Company and its subsidiaries.  All executive officers and other officers, directors and employees, as well as independent agents and consultants, of the Company and its subsidiaries were eligible to participate in the 1993 Plan and to receive option grants made before December 31, 2002.  Effective as of December 31, 2002, no additional options were issuable under the 1993 Plan.
 
In 2002, the Company adopted with stockholder approval the 2002 Stock Option Plan (the “2002 Plan”), which originally authorized the grant of options to purchase up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock to executives, key employees and agents of the Company and its subsidiaries.  In 2006, the stockholders approved an amendment to the 2002 Plan to permit the issuance of an additional 1,000,000 shares under the plan.  All executive officers and other officers, directors and employees, as well as independent agents and consultants, of the Company and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate in the 2002 Plan and to receive option grants.
 
The following table summarizes stock option activity during the year ended December 28, 2008:
 
     
Number
of Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term (Years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date Option Fair Value
 
 
Outstanding at
December 30, 2007
    2,371,100     $ 2.81              
 
Granted
    70,000       2.04             0.93  
 
Forfeitures
    -       -                
 
Expired
    (86,100 )     8.98                
 
Exercised
    -                        
 
F-20

 
 
                                   
 
Outstanding and exercisable at December 28, 2008
    2,355,000     $ 2.57  
4.17
 
     2,700
       

There were no stock option exercises in 2008.  The total cash received from stock option exercises for the years ended December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 was $26,000 and $209,000, respectively.  The aggregate intrinsic value of exercised options for December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 was $12,472 and $539,906, respectively.  The Company expects to settle future employee stock option exercises with the issuance of new shares.
 
Warrants:
 
At December 28, 2008 and December 30, 2007, the Company had outstanding warrants to purchase a total of 169,000 shares of common stock at a price of $7.55 per share.  These warrants are fully vested and expire in 2009.
 
(12)        Litigation and Contingencies
 
Lake Calumet Matter:  In November 2003, the Company received a general notice letter from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the “U.S. EPA”) that it is a potentially responsible party at Chicago’s Lake Calumet Cluster Site, which for decades beginning in the late 19th/early 20th centuries had served as a waste disposal site. In December 2004, the U.S. EPA sent the Company and numerous other companies special notice letters requiring the recipients to make an offer by a date certain to perform a remedial investigation and feasibility study (RI/FS) to select a remedy to clean up the site.  The Company’s predecessor, Apeco Corporation (“Apeco”), a manufacturer of photocopiers, allegedly sent waste material to this site.  The State of Illinois and the U.S. EPA have proposed that the site be designated as a Superfund site.  The Company is one of over 400 potentially responsible parties most of which may no longer be in operation or viable to which notices were sent, and the Company has joined a working group of more than 100 members representing over 120 potentially responsible parties for the purpose of responding to the United States and Illinois environmental protection agencies.
 
The Illinois EPA took control of the site and began to construct a cap on the site.  In 2008, the Company received a demand from the U.S. EPA for more than $2.0 million in past costs and a demand from the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) for over $14.0 million in IEPA's past costs for its partial work on the cap.  The agencies are also demanding that the parties complete construction of the cap and investigate whether a groundwater remedy is required.  Cost estimates for that work have not yet been made and a final allocation of costs among the potentially responsible parties have not yet been made and a group has not yet, but will likely form to address these demands.  The Company's share is expected to be less than 1% of the total liability for these costs assuming that the level of participation remains at least as high as it has been in the past.  The group believes that it has some defenses and challenges to the government's past cost claims and will likely try to negotiate a reduction in the amount of the claims.  Furthermore, the Company has made inquiries of the insurance carriers for Apeco to determine if it has coverage under old insurance policies.  No assurance can be given that the costs to the Company to resolve this claim will be within management’s estimates.
 
Pipeline Case:  In July 2005, the Company’s subsidiary, COMFORCE Technical Services, Inc. (“CTS”) was served with an amended complaint in the suit titled Reyes V. East Bay Municipal Utility District, et al, filed in the Superior Court of California, Alameda County, in connection with a gas pipeline explosion in November 2004 that killed five workers and injured four others.  As part of a construction project to lay a water transmission line, a backhoe operator employed by a construction contractor unaffiliated with CTS allegedly struck and breached a gas pipeline and an explosion occurred when leaking gas ignited.  The complaint names various persons involved in the construction project as defendants, including CTS.  The complaint alleges, among other things, that CTS was negligent in failing to properly mark the location of the pipeline.  The complaint did not specify specific monetary damages.
 
F-21

 
CTS was subsequently named as a defendant in 15 other lawsuits concerning this accident in the Superior Court of California which have been consolidated with the Reyes case in a single coordinated action styled as the Gas Pipeline Explosion Cases in the Superior Court of California, Contra Costa County.  Two co-defendants brought cross-claims against CTS.  In addition, a company that provided insurance coverage to a private home and property damaged by the explosion brought a subrogation action against CTS.  CTS denies any culpability for this accident.  Following an investigation of the accident, Cal-OSHA issued citations to four unrelated contractors on the project, but declined to issue any citations against CTS.  Although Cal-OSHA did not issue a citation against CTS, it will not be determinative in the pending civil cases.
 
CTS requested that its insurance carriers defend it in these actions, and the carrier under the primary policy appointed counsel and has defended CTS in these actions.  As of June 2007, CTS settled with 17 of the 19 plaintiffs, in each case within the limits of its primary policy, except as described below.  With the settlements, the limits under the primary policy have been reached.  The umbrella insurance carrier for CTS had previously denied the claims of CTS for coverage, claiming that the matter was within the policy exclusions.  This carrier also initiated a declaratory action in Contra Costa County, California in which it asked the court to determine whether the claims against CTS were within the policy exclusions.  In March 2007, CTS and this carrier reached a tentative settlement under which the carrier agreed to dismiss CTS from the declaratory action and defend and insure CTS in the remaining cases when the primary coverage limits have been reached, subject to an agreed upon contribution by CTS and the carrier's reservation of rights to seek recovery against CTS for the claims of Mountain Cascade, Inc., a co-defendant not related to CTS that served as a contractor for East Bay Municipal Utility District.  Management of CTS (and the Company) believes that any losses in respect of Mountain Cascade should be covered under the umbrella policy.  However, the carrier has declined to release its reservation of rights as to this unresolved Mountain Cascade claim, and the amount that CTS will be required to contribute to any settlement of or judgment on the remaining plaintiffs’ cases is not determinable.  As of February 2009 one of the two remaining matters was settled as the unresolved portion of a settlement was finalized as an appeal that was being taken from a prior ruling on the settlement was not pursued timely and dismissed by the court at the same time we were advised the party was discontinuing its pursuit and would accept its allocated portion of a prior settlement.  This leaves only the claim by Mountain Cascade, Inc. unresolved.   Accordingly, management of CTS (and the Company) cannot estimate the amount of losses that CTS may ultimately incur in connection with these cases, if any, other than to estimate that any losses will be less than $1.5 million. No assurance can be given that the costs to CTS to resolve all remaining claims will be within management’s estimates.
 
CDC Contingency:  In 2006, CTS entered into a contract with a United States government agency (the “Agency”) to provide technical, operational and professional services in foreign countries throughout the world for humanitarian purposes.  Persons employed by CTS in the host countries include U.S. nationals, nationals of the host countries (local nationals) and nationals of other countries (third country nationals). The contract provides, generally, that the U.S. government will reimburse the Company for all direct labor properly chargeable to the contract plus fringe benefits, in some cases at specified rates and profit.
 
The contract did not directly address taxes payable to foreign jurisdictions, but the contracting officer advised CTS by letter that it should not make tax payments or withholdings in the host countries because the Agency had negotiated or would negotiate with the host countries and expected these discussions to lead to bilateral agreements exempting contractors and contractor personnel from all tax liability.  The contract provides that CTS will be reimbursed for “all fines, penalties, and reasonable litigation expenses incurred as a result of compliance with specific contract terms and conditions or written instructions from the Contracting Officer.”
 
The contracting officer subsequently advised CTS that the U.S. government has concluded its efforts to obtain bilateral agreements, and directed CTS to itself  undertake mitigation efforts.  CTS engaged an independent accounting firm to assist it with these efforts, which have been substantially completed except in some countries experiencing social unrest and government instability.  As a result of its analysis of host country tax laws and negotiations with host country governments, in most cases, CTS has either determined that no liability exists for wage tax liabilities or it has instituted procedures to withhold or pay applicable wage taxes for its employees.  As for any remaining host countries, management has concluded that it is not probable that wage tax assessments will be made against CTS or, if made, that they will be enforced
 
F-22

 
against it.  Although the Agency has agreed to reimburse us with respect to any such wage tax liabilities, any amounts assessed against CTS for wage tax liabilities could potentially exceed the amount available to us from our own resources or under the PNC Credit Facility.  In such event, it is anticipated that the Company would request PNC to make a special advance or request the Agency to pre-fund these liabilities.
 
Other Matters:  The Company is also a party to contract and employment-related litigation matters, and audits of state and local tax returns arising in the ordinary course of its business.  In the opinion of Management, the aggregate liability, if any, with respect to any such legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business will not materially adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.  The Company expenses legal costs associated with contingencies when incurred.  The Company maintains general liability insurance, property insurance, automobile insurance, fidelity insurance, errors and omissions insurance, professional/medical malpractice insurance, fiduciary insurance, cyber insurance and directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for domestic and foreign operations as management deems appropriate and prudent. The Company is generally self-insured with respect to workers compensation, but maintains excess workers compensation coverage to limit its maximum exposure to such claims.
 
 (13)        Savings Incentive and Profit Sharing Plan

The Company provides a savings incentive and profit sharing plan (the “Plan”).  All eligible employees may make contributions to the Plan on a pre-tax salary deduction basis in accordance with the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code.  No contributions to the Plan were made by the Company in 2008, 2007 and 2006.
 
Certain employees who perform work for governmental agencies are required to be covered under a separate defined contribution plan.  During 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company recorded approximately $641,000, $858,000 and $1,325,000, respectively, of expense related to these benefits.
 
(14)         Lease Commitments
 
The Company leases certain office space and equipment.  Rent expense for all operating leases in 2008, 2007 and 2006 approximated $3,235,000, $3,177,000 and $3,183,000, respectively.
 
As of December 28, 2008, future minimum rent payments due under the terms of noncancelable operating leases excluding amounts that will be paid for operating costs are (in thousands):
 
 
2009
  $ 2,933  
 
2010
    1,837  
 
2011
    1,182  
 
2012
    700  
 
Thereafter
    23  
      $ 6,675  

(15)        Concentration of Credit Risk
 
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade receivables.
 
The Company maintains cash in bank accounts which may exceed federally insured limits.  The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on its cash balances.
 
At the end of fiscal 2008, the Company had three customers that accounted for 29.1% of the Company’s total accounts receivable, one of which had accounts receivable balances in excess of 10% of the Company’s total accounts receivable.  At the end of fiscal 2007, the Company had five customers that
 
F-23

 
accounted for 42.5% of the Company’s total accounts receivable, one of which had accounts receivable balances in excess of 10% of the Company’s total accounts receivable.  For fiscal 2006, the Company had four customers that accounted for 38.5% of the Company’s total accounts receivable, two of which had accounts receivable balances in excess of 10% of the Company’s total accounts receivable.  The largest four customers of the Company accounted for an aggregate of approximately 26.3%, 24.7% and 25.3% of the Company’s revenues for the fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
 
(16)         Segment Information
 
The Company’s reportable segments are distinguished principally by the types of services offered to the Company’s clients.  The Company manages its operations and reports its results through three operating segments -- Human Capital Management Services, Staff Augmentation and Financial Outsourcing Services.  The Human Capital Management Services segment primarily provides contingent workforce management services.  The Staff Augmentation segment provides healthcare support, technical and engineering, information technology (IT), telecommunications and other staffing services. The Financial Outsourcing Services segment provides funding and back office support services to independent consulting and staffing companies.
 
COMFORCE evaluates the performance of its segments and allocates resources to them based on operating contribution, which represents segment revenues less direct costs of operations, excluding the allocation of corporate general and administrative expenses.  Assets of the operating segments reflect primarily accounts receivable and goodwill associated with segment activities; all other assets are included as corporate assets.  The Company does not evaluate or account for expenditures for long-lived assets on a segment basis.
 
The table below presents information on revenues and operating contribution for each segment for the years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, and items which reconcile segment operating contribution to COMFORCE’s reported income from continuing operations before income taxes (in thousands):
 
     
December 28, 2008
   
December 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
 
Net sales of services:
                 
 
    Human Capital Management Services
  $ 389,482       363,696       337,741  
 
    Staff Augmentation
    213,912       219,471       226,304  
 
    Financial Outsourcing Services
    3,242       3,518       3,776  
      $ 606,636       586,685       567,821  
 
Operating contribution:
                       
 
    Human Capital Management Services
  $ 16,975       16,140       14,878  
 
    Staff Augmentation
    18,527       18,207       20,085  
 
    Financial Outsourcing Services
    3,034       3,078       2,854  
        38,536       37,425       37,817  
 
Consolidated expenses:
                       
 
    Corporate general and administrative
        expenses
    19,217       18,856       17,744  
 
    Depreciation and amortization
    3,156       2,803       3,095  
 
    Interest and other, net
    5,464       7,025       9,358  
 
    Loss on debt extinguishment
    278       443       169  
        28,115       29,127       30,366  
                           
 
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
  $ 10,421        8,298        7,451  
                           
 
Total assets:
                       
 
    Human Capital Management Services
  $ 113,775       96,120          
 
F-24

 
 
 
    Staff Augmentation
    59,061       54,116          
 
    Financial Outsourcing Services
    8,941       13,101          
 
    Corporate
    19,959       20,047          
      $ 201,736       183,384          
                           

 (17)
Related Party Transactions

Convertible Note and Preferred Stock:  Fanning CPD Assets, LP (the “Fanning Partnership”) is the holder of the following instruments issued by the Company: the Convertible Note, of which $1.8 million in principal was outstanding at December 28, 2008, 6,148 shares of Series 2003A Preferred Stock, 513 shares of Series 2003B Preferred Stock and 6,737 shares of Series 2004A Preferred Stock, the terms of which are described under notes 8 and 10.  The Fanning Partnership is a limited partnership in which John C. Fanning, the Company’s chairman and chief executive officer, holds an 82.4% economic interest. Rosemary Maniscalco, a director of the Company, is the general partner of the Fanning Partnership, but has no pecuniary interest in the partnership.  Harry V. Maccarrone, a director and the executive vice president and chief financial officer of the Company, is the trustee of a trust and the general partner of a partnership that are limited partners in the Fanning Partnership, but he has only a nominal pecuniary interest.

In 2008, the Fanning Partnership received $134,000 in in-kind interest payments under the Convertible Note at the annual rate of 8.0%.  In addition, each of the Series 2003A, 2003B and 2004A Preferred Stock provide for dividends of 7.5% per annum.  Dividends have cumulated in the amount of $2.7 million on the Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $202,000 on the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $2.1 million on the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.  Although these cumulated dividends have not been declared by the Company’s board of directors and are not payable, the Fanning Partnership can elect to convert all or any portion of these shares of Series Preferred Stock, including the cumulated dividends, into common stock (or, in certain circumstances, into a participating preferred stock which in turn will be convertible into common stock at the same effective rate) at a conversion price of $1.05 per share for the Series 2003A Preferred Stock, $0.54 per share for the Series 2003B Preferred Stock and $1.70 per share for the Series 2004A Preferred Stock.  The Convertible Note is also convertible on substantially the same basis as the Series Preferred Stock at a conversion price of $1.70 per share.  The conversion price is the price at which the Fanning Partnership may convert the Series Preferred Stock or Convertible Note into common stock (or the equivalent preferred stock).

Other Transactions:  Rosemary Maniscalco, through a company owned by her, provides consulting services to the Company, at the rate of up to $1,500 per day, plus expenses.  During 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company paid $113,923, $124,420 and $71,220, respectively, for such consulting services.  Rosemary Maniscalco is the Vice Chairman of the Company’s Board.

(18)
Sale of Niche Telecom Operations

In 2004, COMFORCE sold its interest in two telecom subsidiaries in the Staff Augmentation segment.  The buyer, Spears Holding Company, Inc. (“Spears”), is controlled by an individual who was one of the principals of these companies when they were sold to COMFORCE in 1998.  The consideration included cash of $1,448,000 and short-term promissory notes of $1,150,000 which were paid during fiscal 2004.  Consideration also included three long-term promissory notes totaling $3.7 million which were valued at $1.4 million by an independent valuation firm. The sale resulted in a gain of $1,102,000, which represented the excess of the net proceeds (cash and short-term notes of $2,598,000 plus the fair value of the long-term notes of $1,400,000, less transaction costs of $144,000), over the net book value of the net assets of the business sold of $2,752,000.  The Company did not recognize any gain on this transaction until the cash payments it received exceeded its investment ($2,896,000) in the business sold.  The cash received under the sale agreement, including principal and interest on the notes, was recorded as a reduction of, and, during the second quarter of 2005, had eliminated the balance in net assets held for sale.  Cash received during 2005 in excess of net assets held for sale of $101,000 has been recorded as a gain from the sale of discontinued operations.  This was partially offset by $31,000, net of tax, of legal fees which resulted in income from discontinued operations for fiscal 2005 of $70,000.
 
F-25


 
Following mediation and extended negotiations, the parties reached settlement in September, 2007 under which $1.0 million was received in the fourth quarter of 2007 in full satisfaction of all amounts due to the Company.  The $1.0 million was recorded as a gain from the sale of discontinued operations in 2007.  The settlement resulted in a capital loss for income tax purposes.  Accordingly, no provision for income taxes was recorded.
 
(19)  Selected Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) 
 
(In thousands, except per share data and footnotes)

 
Fiscal 2008 (2)
 
Quarter
       
     
First
   
Second
   
Third
   
Fourth
   
Year ended
December 28, 2008
 
 
Net sales of services
  $ 150,210     $ 152,756     $ 149,435     $ 154,235     $ 606,636  
 
Gross profit
    23,808       24,391       23,551       24,698       96,448  
 
Net income
    992       1,599       1,347       1,948       5,886  
                                           
 
Income per share: (1)
                                       
 
Basic
  $ 0.04     $ 0.08     $ 0.06     $ 0.10     $ 0.28  
 
Diluted
  $ 0.03     $ 0.05     $ 0.04     $ 0.06     $ 0.18  

 
Fiscal 2007
 
Quarter
       
     
First
   
Second
   
Third
   
Fourth
   
Year ended
December 30,
2007
 
 
Net sales of services
  $ 141,603     $ 149,696     $ 150,667     $ 144,719     $ 586,685  
 
Gross profit
    22,149       23,254       23,164       24,014       92,581  
 
Net income
    914       1,074       1,789       2,212       5,989  
                                           
 
Income per share:  (1)
                                       
 
Basic
  $ 0.04     $ 0.05     $ 0.09     $ 0.11     $ 0.29  
 
Diluted
  $ 0.03     $ 0.03     $ 0.06     $ 0.07     $ 0.19  

 
(1)           Since per share information is computed independently for each quarter and the full year, based on the respective average number of common shares outstanding, the sum of the quarterly per share amounts does not necessarily equal the per share amounts for the fiscal year.
 
 
F-26


 


 
COMFORCE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
 
Fiscal years ended December 28, 2008, December 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
 
(in thousands)


   
Balance at beginning of period
   
Impact of Adopting SAB 108
   
Charged to costs and expenses
   
Charged to other accounts
   
Deductions
(Net (write-offs) recoveries)
   
Balance
at end of period
 
                                     
For the fiscal year ended December 28, 2008:
                                   
Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 173       -       1       -       (62 )     112  
                                                 
For the fiscal year ended December 30, 2007:
                                               
Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 276       -       89       -       (192 )     173  
                                                 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006:
                                               
Allowance for doubtful accounts
  $ 705       (421 )     85       -       (93 )     276  


 
 
F-27
 
 

 

EXHIBIT INDEX

Unless otherwise indicated, for documents incorporated herein by reference to exhibits included in SEC filings of COMFORCE Corporation, the registration number for COMFORCE Corporation is 001-06801.

3.1
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of COMFORCE Corporation, as amended by Certificates of Amendment filed with the Delaware Secretary of State on June 14, 1987 and February 12, 1991 (included as an exhibit to Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of COMFORCE Corporation filed with the Commission on May 10, 1996 (Registration No. 033-6043) and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.2
Certificate of Ownership (Merger) of COMFORCE Corporation into Lori Corporation (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year December 31, 1995 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.3
Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of COMFORCE Corporation filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on October 28, 1996 (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 of COMFORCE Operating, Inc. filed with the Commission on March 13, 2000 (Registration No. 333-56962) and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.4
Certificate of Ownership (Merger) of AZATAR into COMFORCE Corporation (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 8, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.5
Amended and Restated Certificate of Designation and Determination of Rights and Preferences of Series 2003A, 2003B and 2004A Convertible Preferred Stock of COMFORCE Corporation filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on December 8, 2004 (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 13, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.6
Bylaws of COMFORCE Corporation, as amended and restated effective as of February 26, 1997 (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year December 31, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.7
Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws of COMFORCE Corporation, as adopted and effective as of May 3, 2006 (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 4, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
3.8
Amendment to Amended and Restated Bylaws of COMFORCE Corporation, as adopted on December 20, 2007 and effective as of January 1, 2008 (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 20, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
4.1
Second Amended and Restated 8% Subordinated Convertible Note due December 2, 2009 of COMFORCE Corporation (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 13, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.1
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated as of March 31, 2008 between COMFORCE Corporation, COMFORCE Operating, Inc. and John C. Fanning (filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 2, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).
   

 
 

 


10.2
Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated as of March 31, 2008 between COMFORCE Corporation, COMFORCE Operating, Inc. and Harry V. Maccarrone (filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 2, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.3
Company’s 2002 Stock Option Plan adopted at the Company’s 2002 annual meeting of stockholders held June 13, 2002 (included as Annex A to the definitive proxy statement of COMFORCE Corporation filed April 29, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.4
Amendment to the Company’s 2002 Stock Option Plan adopted at the Company’s 2006 annual meeting of stockholders held June 7, 2006 (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 25, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.5
Second Restated Deferred Compensation Plan approved as of March 31, 2008 (filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 2, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.6
Second Restated Deferred Vacation Plan approved as of March 31, 2008 (filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 2, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.7
Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of June 25, 2003 among the Company, PNC Bank, National Association, as lender and administrative agent, and other named lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.8
Waiver and Amendment No. 1 dated as of March 17, 2004 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of June 25, 2003 among the Company, PNC Bank, National Association, as lender and administrative agent, and other named lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 28, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.9
Amendment No. 2 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of September 29, 2004 among the Company and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 26, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.10
Amendment No. 3 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of February 3, 2005 among the Company and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 9, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.11
Amendment No. 4 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of May 13, 2005 among the Registrant and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 18, 2005).
   
10.12
Amendment No. 5 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of December 22, 2005 among the Company and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
   

 
 

 


10.13
Amendment No. 6 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of July 12, 2006 among the Company and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.14
Amendment No. 7 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of May 24, 2007 among the Company and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 1, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
10.15
Amendment No. 8 to Revolving Credit and Security Agreement dated as of June 6, 2008 among the Company and certain of its operating subsidiaries, as borrowers, and PNC Bank, National Association, as agent and lender, and other participating lenders (included as an exhibit to COMFORCE Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 29, 2008 and incorporated herein by reference).
   
21.1*
List of Subsidiaries.
   
23.1*
Consent of KPMG LLP.
   
31.1*
Rule 13a-14(a) certification of chief executive officer in accordance with section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
31.2*
 Rule 13a-14(a) certification of chief financial officer in accordance with section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
32.1*
Section 1350 certification of chief executive officer in accordance with section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
   
32.2*
Section 1350 certification of chief financial officer in accordance with section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 
_________________________
 
* Filed herewith.